16.2 million workers have likely lost employer-provided health insurance since the coronavirus shock began
Since the economic fallout of the coronavirus shock began in early March, the number of workers laid off or furloughed—as measured by new claims for unemployment insurance (UI)—has skyrocketed. We have used data from states that track UI claims by industry to get a rough estimate of how many workers are at high risk of losing their employer-provided health insurance (EPHI) over this as well.
The methodology is described in this blog post, and the underlying UI data (which has begun to include more and more states tracking UI claims by industry) can be found here. Table 1 below shows UI claims by industry across states that collect this data, and also shows employer-provided health insurance (EPHI) coverage rates in those industries in 2018. As of May 9, more than 35 million workers had been laid off or furloughed since mid-March, as measured by total initial UI claims during that period. We find that this translates into likely EPHI losses of 16.2 million.
Because the United States is unique among rich countries in tying health insurance benefits to employment, many of the newly unemployed will suddenly face prohibitively costly insurance options. A comprehensive policy solution would be to extend Medicare and Medicaid to all those suffering job losses during the pandemic period, with the federal government funding this expansion. It has been proposed that the federal government pay for all of COBRA coverage so that workers who are laid off or furloughed may continue their employer-provided coverage. While this policy proposal will help many workers continue coverage, in some states it will not help workers from small businesses with fewer than 20 employees, who are not eligible for COBRA.
In the last eight weeks, more than one in five workers applied for state unemployment insurance benefits: Congress must act
In the last eight weeks, more than 33 million people—more than one in five workers—have applied for unemployment insurance (UI) through regular state UI programs. That is more than five times the worst eight-week stretch of the Great Recession.
Weekly initial state unemployment insurance claims: Not seasonally adjusted, 1967–present
| Week ending | Initial claims |
|---|---|
| 1967-01-07 | 346,000 |
| 1967-01-14 | 334,000 |
| 1967-01-21 | 277,000 |
| 1967-01-28 | 252,000 |
| 1967-02-04 | 274,000 |
| 1967-02-11 | 276,000 |
| 1967-02-18 | 247,000 |
| 1967-02-25 | 248,000 |
| 1967-03-04 | 326,000 |
| 1967-03-11 | 240,000 |
| 1967-03-18 | 225,000 |
| 1967-03-25 | 215,000 |
| 1967-04-01 | 223,000 |
| 1967-04-08 | 251,000 |
| 1967-04-15 | 289,000 |
| 1967-04-22 | 218,000 |
| 1967-04-29 | 216,000 |
| 1967-05-06 | 221,000 |
| 1967-05-13 | 188,000 |
| 1967-05-20 | 177,000 |
| 1967-05-27 | 170,000 |
| 1967-06-03 | 175,000 |
| 1967-06-10 | 188,000 |
| 1967-06-17 | 176,000 |
| 1967-06-24 | 178,000 |
| 1967-07-01 | 206,000 |
| 1967-07-08 | 322,000 |
| 1967-07-15 | 309,000 |
| 1967-07-22 | 282,000 |
| 1967-07-29 | 243,000 |
| 1967-08-05 | 250,000 |
| 1967-08-12 | 193,000 |
| 1967-08-19 | 174,000 |
| 1967-08-26 | 160,000 |
| 1967-09-02 | 163,000 |
| 1967-09-09 | 156,000 |
| 1967-09-16 | 165,000 |
| 1967-09-23 | 155,000 |
| 1967-09-30 | 154,000 |
| 1967-10-07 | 195,000 |
| 1967-10-14 | 159,000 |
| 1967-10-21 | 181,000 |
| 1967-10-28 | 174,000 |
| 1967-11-04 | 204,000 |
| 1967-11-11 | 201,000 |
| 1967-11-18 | 209,000 |
| 1967-11-25 | 200,000 |
| 1967-12-02 | 228,000 |
| 1967-12-09 | 258,000 |
| 1967-12-16 | 241,000 |
| 1967-12-23 | 289,000 |
| 1967-12-30 | 332,000 |
| 1968-01-06 | 357,000 |
| 1968-01-13 | 373,000 |
| 1968-01-20 | 293,000 |
| 1968-01-27 | 242,000 |
| 1968-02-03 | 308,000 |
| 1968-02-10 | 257,000 |
| 1968-02-17 | 214,000 |
| 1968-02-24 | 199,000 |
| 1968-03-02 | 198,000 |
| 1968-03-09 | 208,000 |
| 1968-03-16 | 179,000 |
| 1968-03-23 | 175,000 |
| 1968-03-30 | 165,000 |
| 1968-04-06 | 184,000 |
| 1968-04-13 | 167,000 |
| 1968-04-20 | 165,000 |
| 1968-04-27 | 216,000 |
| 1968-05-04 | 180,000 |
| 1968-05-11 | 164,000 |
| 1968-05-18 | 156,000 |
| 1968-05-25 | 148,000 |
| 1968-06-01 | 139,000 |
| 1968-06-08 | 149,000 |
| 1968-06-15 | 154,000 |
| 1968-06-22 | 152,000 |
| 1968-06-29 | 173,000 |
| 1968-07-06 | 266,000 |
| 1968-07-13 | 242,000 |
| 1968-07-20 | 216,000 |
| 1968-07-27 | 238,000 |
| 1968-08-03 | 235,000 |
| 1968-08-10 | 222,000 |
| 1968-08-17 | 160,000 |
| 1968-08-24 | 148,000 |
| 1968-08-31 | 139,000 |
| 1968-09-07 | 135,000 |
| 1968-09-14 | 141,000 |
| 1968-09-21 | 142,000 |
| 1968-09-28 | 143,000 |
| 1968-10-05 | 153,000 |
| 1968-10-12 | 151,000 |
| 1968-10-19 | 151,000 |
| 1968-10-26 | 152,000 |
| 1968-11-02 | 161,000 |
| 1968-11-09 | 174,000 |
| 1968-11-16 | 196,000 |
| 1968-11-23 | 211,000 |
| 1968-11-30 | 180,000 |
| 1968-12-07 | 223,000 |
| 1968-12-14 | 233,000 |
| 1968-12-21 | 243,000 |
| 1968-12-28 | 333,000 |
| 1969-01-04 | 290,000 |
| 1969-01-11 | 337,000 |
| 1969-01-18 | 265,000 |
| 1969-01-25 | 236,000 |
| 1969-02-01 | 250,000 |
| 1969-02-08 | 248,000 |
| 1969-02-15 | 219,000 |
| 1969-02-22 | 199,000 |
| 1969-03-01 | 206,000 |
| 1969-03-08 | 195,000 |
| 1969-03-15 | 179,000 |
| 1969-03-22 | 158,000 |
| 1969-03-29 | 157,000 |
| 1969-04-05 | 170,000 |
| 1969-04-12 | 187,000 |
| 1969-04-19 | 168,000 |
| 1969-04-26 | 151,000 |
| 1969-05-03 | 150,000 |
| 1969-05-10 | 157,000 |
| 1969-05-17 | 141,000 |
| 1969-05-24 | 138,000 |
| 1969-05-31 | 135,000 |
| 1969-06-07 | 148,000 |
| 1969-06-14 | 145,000 |
| 1969-06-21 | 155,000 |
| 1969-06-28 | 177,000 |
| 1969-07-05 | 267,000 |
| 1969-07-12 | 271,000 |
| 1969-07-19 | 246,000 |
| 1969-07-26 | 221,000 |
| 1969-08-02 | 223,000 |
| 1969-08-09 | 210,000 |
| 1969-08-16 | 168,000 |
| 1969-08-23 | 154,000 |
| 1969-08-30 | 144,000 |
| 1969-09-06 | 133,000 |
| 1969-09-13 | 149,000 |
| 1969-09-20 | 147,000 |
| 1969-09-27 | 147,000 |
| 1969-10-04 | 159,000 |
| 1969-10-11 | 168,000 |
| 1969-10-18 | 155,000 |
| 1969-10-25 | 171,000 |
| 1969-11-01 | 174,000 |
| 1969-11-08 | 206,000 |
| 1969-11-15 | 196,000 |
| 1969-11-22 | 230,000 |
| 1969-11-29 | 219,000 |
| 1969-12-06 | 247,000 |
| 1969-12-13 | 264,000 |
| 1969-12-20 | 289,000 |
| 1969-12-27 | 320,000 |
| 1970-01-03 | 344,000 |
| 1970-01-10 | 429,000 |
| 1970-01-17 | 386,000 |
| 1970-01-24 | 316,000 |
| 1970-01-31 | 293,000 |
| 1970-02-07 | 324,000 |
| 1970-02-14 | 308,000 |
| 1970-02-21 | 285,000 |
| 1970-02-28 | 241,000 |
| 1970-03-07 | 270,000 |
| 1970-03-14 | 258,000 |
| 1970-03-21 | 233,000 |
| 1970-03-28 | 236,000 |
| 1970-04-04 | 250,000 |
| 1970-04-11 | 300,000 |
| 1970-04-18 | 339,000 |
| 1970-04-25 | 299,000 |
| 1970-05-02 | 278,000 |
| 1970-05-09 | 279,000 |
| 1970-05-16 | 242,000 |
| 1970-05-23 | 231,000 |
| 1970-05-30 | 224,000 |
| 1970-06-06 | 234,000 |
| 1970-06-13 | 242,000 |
| 1970-06-20 | 245,000 |
| 1970-06-27 | 247,000 |
| 1970-07-04 | 309,000 |
| 1970-07-11 | 369,000 |
| 1970-07-18 | 353,000 |
| 1970-07-25 | 329,000 |
| 1970-08-01 | 293,000 |
| 1970-08-08 | 278,000 |
| 1970-08-15 | 257,000 |
| 1970-08-22 | 238,000 |
| 1970-08-29 | 220,000 |
| 1970-09-05 | 240,000 |
| 1970-09-12 | 207,000 |
| 1970-09-19 | 247,000 |
| 1970-09-26 | 256,000 |
| 1970-10-03 | 284,000 |
| 1970-10-10 | 287,000 |
| 1970-10-17 | 259,000 |
| 1970-10-24 | 280,000 |
| 1970-10-31 | 283,000 |
| 1970-11-07 | 333,000 |
| 1970-11-14 | 307,000 |
| 1970-11-21 | 333,000 |
| 1970-11-28 | 354,000 |
| 1970-12-05 | 378,000 |
| 1970-12-12 | 370,000 |
| 1970-12-19 | 354,000 |
| 1970-12-26 | 451,000 |
| 1971-01-02 | 443,000 |
| 1971-01-09 | 500,000 |
| 1971-01-16 | 452,000 |
| 1971-01-23 | 399,000 |
| 1971-01-30 | 353,000 |
| 1971-02-06 | 375,000 |
| 1971-02-13 | 333,000 |
| 1971-02-20 | 286,000 |
| 1971-02-27 | 289,000 |
| 1971-03-06 | 306,000 |
| 1971-03-13 | 275,000 |
| 1971-03-20 | 260,000 |
| 1971-03-27 | 261,000 |
| 1971-04-03 | 267,000 |
| 1971-04-10 | 278,000 |
| 1971-04-17 | 257,000 |
| 1971-04-24 | 248,000 |
| 1971-05-01 | 237,000 |
| 1971-05-08 | 260,000 |
| 1971-05-15 | 230,000 |
| 1971-05-22 | 231,000 |
| 1971-05-29 | 231,000 |
| 1971-06-05 | 232,000 |
| 1971-06-12 | 244,000 |
| 1971-06-19 | 249,000 |
| 1971-06-26 | 247,000 |
| 1971-07-03 | 288,000 |
| 1971-07-10 | 335,000 |
| 1971-07-17 | 367,000 |
| 1971-07-24 | 342,000 |
| 1971-07-31 | 340,000 |
| 1971-08-07 | 362,000 |
| 1971-08-14 | 282,000 |
| 1971-08-21 | 252,000 |
| 1971-08-28 | 228,000 |
| 1971-09-04 | 268,000 |
| 1971-09-11 | 219,000 |
| 1971-09-18 | 230,000 |
| 1971-09-25 | 236,000 |
| 1971-10-02 | 238,000 |
| 1971-10-09 | 280,000 |
| 1971-10-16 | 233,000 |
| 1971-10-23 | 251,000 |
| 1971-10-30 | 241,000 |
| 1971-11-06 | 297,000 |
| 1971-11-13 | 289,000 |
| 1971-11-20 | 291,000 |
| 1971-11-27 | 284,000 |
| 1971-12-04 | 372,000 |
| 1971-12-11 | 348,000 |
| 1971-12-18 | 329,000 |
| 1971-12-25 | 340,000 |
| 1972-01-01 | 405,000 |
| 1972-01-08 | 479,000 |
| 1972-01-15 | 395,000 |
| 1972-01-22 | 347,000 |
| 1972-01-29 | 326,000 |
| 1972-02-05 | 342,000 |
| 1972-02-12 | 318,000 |
| 1972-02-19 | 279,000 |
| 1972-02-26 | 252,000 |
| 1972-03-04 | 263,000 |
| 1972-03-11 | 257,000 |
| 1972-03-18 | 241,000 |
| 1972-03-25 | 231,000 |
| 1972-04-01 | 224,000 |
| 1972-04-08 | 271,000 |
| 1972-04-15 | 237,000 |
| 1972-04-22 | 223,000 |
| 1972-04-29 | 214,000 |
| 1972-05-06 | 234,000 |
| 1972-05-13 | 218,000 |
| 1972-05-20 | 210,000 |
| 1972-05-27 | 209,000 |
| 1972-06-03 | 198,000 |
| 1972-06-10 | 224,000 |
| 1972-06-17 | 227,000 |
| 1972-06-24 | 240,000 |
| 1972-07-01 | 327,000 |
| 1972-07-08 | 364,000 |
| 1972-07-15 | 367,000 |
| 1972-07-22 | 299,000 |
| 1972-07-29 | 266,000 |
| 1972-08-05 | 256,000 |
| 1972-08-12 | 220,000 |
| 1972-08-19 | 203,000 |
| 1972-08-26 | 195,000 |
| 1972-09-02 | 192,000 |
| 1972-09-09 | 178,000 |
| 1972-09-16 | 196,000 |
| 1972-09-23 | 193,000 |
| 1972-09-30 | 192,000 |
| 1972-10-07 | 233,000 |
| 1972-10-14 | 202,000 |
| 1972-10-21 | 214,000 |
| 1972-10-28 | 196,000 |
| 1972-11-04 | 242,000 |
| 1972-11-11 | 236,000 |
| 1972-11-18 | 280,000 |
| 1972-11-25 | 238,000 |
| 1972-12-02 | 268,000 |
| 1972-12-09 | 317,000 |
| 1972-12-16 | 323,000 |
| 1972-12-23 | 327,000 |
| 1972-12-30 | 338,000 |
| 1973-01-06 | 345,000 |
| 1973-01-13 | 412,000 |
| 1973-01-20 | 324,000 |
| 1973-01-27 | 267,000 |
| 1973-02-03 | 285,000 |
| 1973-02-10 | 276,000 |
| 1973-02-17 | 242,000 |
| 1973-02-24 | 220,000 |
| 1973-03-03 | 233,000 |
| 1973-03-10 | 227,000 |
| 1973-03-17 | 212,000 |
| 1973-03-24 | 209,000 |
| 1973-03-31 | 193,000 |
| 1973-04-07 | 244,000 |
| 1973-04-14 | 212,000 |
| 1973-04-21 | 211,000 |
| 1973-04-28 | 194,000 |
| 1973-05-05 | 214,000 |
| 1973-05-12 | 198,000 |
| 1973-05-19 | 189,000 |
| 1973-05-26 | 190,000 |
| 1973-06-02 | 173,000 |
| 1973-06-09 | 210,000 |
| 1973-06-16 | 198,000 |
| 1973-06-23 | 206,000 |
| 1973-06-30 | 215,000 |
| 1973-07-07 | 309,000 |
| 1973-07-14 | 270,000 |
| 1973-07-21 | 259,000 |
| 1973-07-28 | 265,000 |
| 1973-08-04 | 262,000 |
| 1973-08-11 | 238,000 |
| 1973-08-18 | 207,000 |
| 1973-08-25 | 190,000 |
| 1973-09-01 | 180,000 |
| 1973-09-08 | 177,000 |
| 1973-09-15 | 186,000 |
| 1973-09-22 | 187,000 |
| 1973-09-29 | 191,000 |
| 1973-10-06 | 210,000 |
| 1973-10-13 | 207,000 |
| 1973-10-20 | 208,000 |
| 1973-10-27 | 200,000 |
| 1973-11-03 | 230,000 |
| 1973-11-10 | 277,000 |
| 1973-11-17 | 261,000 |
| 1973-11-24 | 237,000 |
| 1973-12-01 | 299,000 |
| 1973-12-08 | 345,000 |
| 1973-12-15 | 340,000 |
| 1973-12-22 | 429,000 |
| 1973-12-29 | 461,000 |
| 1974-01-05 | 405,000 |
| 1974-01-12 | 584,000 |
| 1974-01-19 | 465,000 |
| 1974-01-26 | 373,000 |
| 1974-02-02 | 381,000 |
| 1974-02-09 | 459,000 |
| 1974-02-16 | 352,000 |
| 1974-02-23 | 296,000 |
| 1974-03-02 | 313,000 |
| 1974-03-09 | 310,000 |
| 1974-03-16 | 293,000 |
| 1974-03-23 | 285,000 |
| 1974-03-30 | 279,000 |
| 1974-04-06 | 288,000 |
| 1974-04-13 | 278,000 |
| 1974-04-20 | 256,000 |
| 1974-04-27 | 235,000 |
| 1974-05-04 | 243,000 |
| 1974-05-11 | 249,000 |
| 1974-05-18 | 238,000 |
| 1974-05-25 | 246,000 |
| 1974-06-01 | 209,000 |
| 1974-06-08 | 267,000 |
| 1974-06-15 | 255,000 |
| 1974-06-22 | 266,000 |
| 1974-06-29 | 285,000 |
| 1974-07-06 | 350,000 |
| 1974-07-13 | 351,000 |
| 1974-07-20 | 325,000 |
| 1974-07-27 | 333,000 |
| 1974-08-03 | 340,000 |
| 1974-08-10 | 318,000 |
| 1974-08-17 | 269,000 |
| 1974-08-24 | 260,000 |
| 1974-08-31 | 259,000 |
| 1974-09-07 | 253,000 |
| 1974-09-14 | 271,000 |
| 1974-09-21 | 283,000 |
| 1974-09-28 | 279,000 |
| 1974-10-05 | 325,000 |
| 1974-10-12 | 358,000 |
| 1974-10-19 | 324,000 |
| 1974-10-26 | 357,000 |
| 1974-11-02 | 375,000 |
| 1974-11-09 | 435,000 |
| 1974-11-16 | 450,000 |
| 1974-11-23 | 532,000 |
| 1974-11-30 | 524,000 |
| 1974-12-07 | 693,000 |
| 1974-12-14 | 637,000 |
| 1974-12-21 | 677,000 |
| 1974-12-28 | 813,000 |
| 1975-01-04 | 681,000 |
| 1975-01-11 | 969,000 |
| 1975-01-18 | 850,000 |
| 1975-01-25 | 729,000 |
| 1975-02-01 | 699,000 |
| 1975-02-08 | 691,000 |
| 1975-02-15 | 608,000 |
| 1975-02-22 | 567,000 |
| 1975-03-01 | 568,000 |
| 1975-03-08 | 569,000 |
| 1975-03-15 | 494,000 |
| 1975-03-22 | 499,000 |
| 1975-03-29 | 477,000 |
| 1975-04-05 | 505,000 |
| 1975-04-12 | 496,000 |
| 1975-04-19 | 456,000 |
| 1975-04-26 | 429,000 |
| 1975-05-03 | 420,000 |
| 1975-05-10 | 432,000 |
| 1975-05-17 | 410,000 |
| 1975-05-24 | 391,000 |
| 1975-05-31 | 360,000 |
| 1975-06-07 | 443,000 |
| 1975-06-14 | 422,000 |
| 1975-06-21 | 428,000 |
| 1975-06-28 | 407,000 |
| 1975-07-05 | 460,000 |
| 1975-07-12 | 517,000 |
| 1975-07-19 | 481,000 |
| 1975-07-26 | 471,000 |
| 1975-08-02 | 462,000 |
| 1975-08-09 | 429,000 |
| 1975-08-16 | 367,000 |
| 1975-08-23 | 353,000 |
| 1975-08-30 | 332,000 |
| 1975-09-06 | 331,000 |
| 1975-09-13 | 341,000 |
| 1975-09-20 | 336,000 |
| 1975-09-27 | 342,000 |
| 1975-10-04 | 365,000 |
| 1975-10-11 | 385,000 |
| 1975-10-18 | 332,000 |
| 1975-10-25 | 372,000 |
| 1975-11-01 | 378,000 |
| 1975-11-08 | 414,000 |
| 1975-11-15 | 371,000 |
| 1975-11-22 | 419,000 |
| 1975-11-29 | 403,000 |
| 1975-12-06 | 487,000 |
| 1975-12-13 | 456,000 |
| 1975-12-20 | 463,000 |
| 1975-12-27 | 573,000 |
| 1976-01-03 | 540,000 |
| 1976-01-10 | 708,000 |
| 1976-01-17 | 563,000 |
| 1976-01-24 | 486,000 |
| 1976-01-31 | 450,000 |
| 1976-02-07 | 452,000 |
| 1976-02-14 | 391,000 |
| 1976-02-21 | 367,000 |
| 1976-02-28 | 353,000 |
| 1976-03-06 | 366,000 |
| 1976-03-13 | 343,000 |
| 1976-03-20 | 330,000 |
| 1976-03-27 | 314,000 |
| 1976-04-03 | 334,000 |
| 1976-04-10 | 366,000 |
| 1976-04-17 | 316,000 |
| 1976-04-24 | 311,000 |
| 1976-05-01 | 313,000 |
| 1976-05-08 | 345,000 |
| 1976-05-15 | 308,000 |
| 1976-05-22 | 311,000 |
| 1976-05-29 | 310,000 |
| 1976-06-05 | 307,000 |
| 1976-06-12 | 351,000 |
| 1976-06-19 | 342,000 |
| 1976-06-26 | 339,000 |
| 1976-07-03 | 401,000 |
| 1976-07-10 | 445,000 |
| 1976-07-17 | 455,000 |
| 1976-07-24 | 418,000 |
| 1976-07-31 | 401,000 |
| 1976-08-07 | 373,000 |
| 1976-08-14 | 329,000 |
| 1976-08-21 | 320,000 |
| 1976-08-28 | 301,000 |
| 1976-09-04 | 321,000 |
| 1976-09-11 | 280,000 |
| 1976-09-18 | 320,000 |
| 1976-09-25 | 327,000 |
| 1976-10-02 | 332,000 |
| 1976-10-09 | 388,000 |
| 1976-10-16 | 325,000 |
| 1976-10-23 | 361,000 |
| 1976-10-30 | 370,000 |
| 1976-11-06 | 387,000 |
| 1976-11-13 | 363,000 |
| 1976-11-20 | 430,000 |
| 1976-11-27 | 369,000 |
| 1976-12-04 | 500,000 |
| 1976-12-11 | 494,000 |
| 1976-12-18 | 434,000 |
| 1976-12-25 | 466,000 |
| 1977-01-01 | 558,000 |
| 1977-01-08 | 685,000 |
| 1977-01-15 | 597,000 |
| 1977-01-22 | 589,000 |
| 1977-01-29 | 518,000 |
| 1977-02-05 | 704,000 |
| 1977-02-12 | 552,000 |
| 1977-02-19 | 422,000 |
| 1977-02-26 | 360,000 |
| 1977-03-05 | 367,000 |
| 1977-03-12 | 335,000 |
| 1977-03-19 | 321,000 |
| 1977-03-26 | 298,000 |
| 1977-04-02 | 296,000 |
| 1977-04-09 | 367,000 |
| 1977-04-16 | 316,000 |
| 1977-04-23 | 314,000 |
| 1977-04-30 | 305,000 |
| 1977-05-07 | 333,000 |
| 1977-05-14 | 309,000 |
| 1977-05-21 | 293,000 |
| 1977-05-28 | 298,000 |
| 1977-06-04 | 283,000 |
| 1977-06-11 | 308,000 |
| 1977-06-18 | 310,000 |
| 1977-06-25 | 321,000 |
| 1977-07-02 | 348,000 |
| 1977-07-09 | 431,000 |
| 1977-07-16 | 424,000 |
| 1977-07-23 | 391,000 |
| 1977-07-30 | 380,000 |
| 1977-08-06 | 379,000 |
| 1977-08-13 | 319,000 |
| 1977-08-20 | 298,000 |
| 1977-08-27 | 282,000 |
| 1977-09-03 | 289,000 |
| 1977-09-10 | 260,000 |
| 1977-09-17 | 289,000 |
| 1977-09-24 | 293,000 |
| 1977-10-01 | 275,000 |
| 1977-10-08 | 345,000 |
| 1977-10-15 | 287,000 |
| 1977-10-22 | 322,000 |
| 1977-10-29 | 309,000 |
| 1977-11-05 | 352,000 |
| 1977-11-12 | 310,000 |
| 1977-11-19 | 367,000 |
| 1977-11-26 | 342,000 |
| 1977-12-03 | 430,000 |
| 1977-12-10 | 448,000 |
| 1977-12-17 | 412,000 |
| 1977-12-24 | 450,000 |
| 1977-12-31 | 535,000 |
| 1978-01-07 | 559,000 |
| 1978-01-14 | 579,000 |
| 1978-01-21 | 500,000 |
| 1978-01-28 | 445,000 |
| 1978-02-04 | 447,000 |
| 1978-02-11 | 438,000 |
| 1978-02-18 | 455,000 |
| 1978-02-25 | 372,000 |
| 1978-03-04 | 360,000 |
| 1978-03-11 | 342,000 |
| 1978-03-18 | 302,000 |
| 1978-03-25 | 280,000 |
| 1978-04-01 | 278,000 |
| 1978-04-08 | 338,000 |
| 1978-04-15 | 279,000 |
| 1978-04-22 | 277,000 |
| 1978-04-29 | 269,000 |
| 1978-05-06 | 291,000 |
| 1978-05-13 | 268,000 |
| 1978-05-20 | 266,000 |
| 1978-05-27 | 256,000 |
| 1978-06-03 | 242,000 |
| 1978-06-10 | 292,000 |
| 1978-06-17 | 287,000 |
| 1978-06-24 | 297,000 |
| 1978-07-01 | 347,000 |
| 1978-07-08 | 428,000 |
| 1978-07-15 | 421,000 |
| 1978-07-22 | 387,000 |
| 1978-07-29 | 371,000 |
| 1978-08-05 | 376,000 |
| 1978-08-12 | 326,000 |
| 1978-08-19 | 287,000 |
| 1978-08-26 | 264,000 |
| 1978-09-02 | 249,000 |
| 1978-09-09 | 246,000 |
| 1978-09-16 | 262,000 |
| 1978-09-23 | 254,000 |
| 1978-09-30 | 249,000 |
| 1978-10-07 | 323,000 |
| 1978-10-14 | 262,000 |
| 1978-10-21 | 287,000 |
| 1978-10-28 | 280,000 |
| 1978-11-04 | 302,000 |
| 1978-11-11 | 286,000 |
| 1978-11-18 | 345,000 |
| 1978-11-25 | 350,000 |
| 1978-12-02 | 427,000 |
| 1978-12-09 | 427,000 |
| 1978-12-16 | 390,000 |
| 1978-12-23 | 447,000 |
| 1978-12-30 | 515,000 |
| 1979-01-06 | 559,000 |
| 1979-01-13 | 680,000 |
| 1979-01-20 | 488,000 |
| 1979-01-27 | 423,000 |
| 1979-02-03 | 424,000 |
| 1979-02-10 | 418,000 |
| 1979-02-17 | 384,000 |
| 1979-02-24 | 364,000 |
| 1979-03-03 | 358,000 |
| 1979-03-10 | 346,000 |
| 1979-03-17 | 315,000 |
| 1979-03-24 | 296,000 |
| 1979-03-31 | 300,000 |
| 1979-04-07 | 449,000 |
| 1979-04-14 | 424,000 |
| 1979-04-21 | 340,000 |
| 1979-04-28 | 303,000 |
| 1979-05-05 | 307,000 |
| 1979-05-12 | 290,000 |
| 1979-05-19 | 280,000 |
| 1979-05-26 | 287,000 |
| 1979-06-02 | 262,000 |
| 1979-06-09 | 322,000 |
| 1979-06-16 | 312,000 |
| 1979-06-23 | 343,000 |
| 1979-06-30 | 366,000 |
| 1979-07-07 | 458,000 |
| 1979-07-14 | 446,000 |
| 1979-07-21 | 445,000 |
| 1979-07-28 | 417,000 |
| 1979-08-04 | 428,000 |
| 1979-08-11 | 360,000 |
| 1979-08-18 | 329,000 |
| 1979-08-25 | 313,000 |
| 1979-09-01 | 312,000 |
| 1979-09-08 | 285,000 |
| 1979-09-15 | 311,000 |
| 1979-09-22 | 309,000 |
| 1979-09-29 | 303,000 |
| 1979-10-06 | 379,000 |
| 1979-10-13 | 335,000 |
| 1979-10-20 | 342,000 |
| 1979-10-27 | 353,000 |
| 1979-11-03 | 372,000 |
| 1979-11-10 | 392,000 |
| 1979-11-17 | 401,000 |
| 1979-11-24 | 379,000 |
| 1979-12-01 | 513,000 |
| 1979-12-08 | 521,000 |
| 1979-12-15 | 455,000 |
| 1979-12-22 | 580,000 |
| 1979-12-29 | 596,000 |
| 1980-01-05 | 574,000 |
| 1980-01-12 | 804,000 |
| 1980-01-19 | 648,000 |
| 1980-01-26 | 515,000 |
| 1980-02-02 | 471,000 |
| 1980-02-09 | 493,000 |
| 1980-02-16 | 418,000 |
| 1980-02-23 | 415,000 |
| 1980-03-01 | 407,000 |
| 1980-03-08 | 413,000 |
| 1980-03-15 | 398,000 |
| 1980-03-22 | 392,000 |
| 1980-03-29 | 399,000 |
| 1980-04-05 | 451,000 |
| 1980-04-12 | 535,000 |
| 1980-04-19 | 495,000 |
| 1980-04-26 | 482,000 |
| 1980-05-03 | 491,000 |
| 1980-05-10 | 526,000 |
| 1980-05-17 | 539,000 |
| 1980-05-24 | 525,000 |
| 1980-05-31 | 477,000 |
| 1980-06-07 | 562,000 |
| 1980-06-14 | 511,000 |
| 1980-06-21 | 529,000 |
| 1980-06-28 | 563,000 |
| 1980-07-05 | 584,000 |
| 1980-07-12 | 643,000 |
| 1980-07-19 | 628,000 |
| 1980-07-26 | 569,000 |
| 1980-08-02 | 536,000 |
| 1980-08-09 | 494,000 |
| 1980-08-16 | 435,000 |
| 1980-08-23 | 410,000 |
| 1980-08-30 | 397,000 |
| 1980-09-06 | 374,000 |
| 1980-09-13 | 414,000 |
| 1980-09-20 | 381,000 |
| 1980-09-27 | 363,000 |
| 1980-10-04 | 410,000 |
| 1980-10-11 | 417,000 |
| 1980-10-18 | 355,000 |
| 1980-10-25 | 384,000 |
| 1980-11-01 | 395,000 |
| 1980-11-08 | 416,000 |
| 1980-11-15 | 403,000 |
| 1980-11-22 | 440,000 |
| 1980-11-29 | 407,000 |
| 1980-12-06 | 534,000 |
| 1980-12-13 | 481,000 |
| 1980-12-20 | 499,000 |
| 1980-12-27 | 546,000 |
| 1981-01-03 | 580,000 |
| 1981-01-10 | 839,000 |
| 1981-01-17 | 638,000 |
| 1981-01-24 | 521,000 |
| 1981-01-31 | 490,000 |
| 1981-02-07 | 500,000 |
| 1981-02-14 | 439,000 |
| 1981-02-21 | 430,000 |
| 1981-02-28 | 432,000 |
| 1981-03-07 | 414,000 |
| 1981-03-14 | 385,000 |
| 1981-03-21 | 365,000 |
| 1981-03-28 | 356,000 |
| 1981-04-04 | 383,000 |
| 1981-04-11 | 401,000 |
| 1981-04-18 | 350,000 |
| 1981-04-25 | 379,000 |
| 1981-05-02 | 342,000 |
| 1981-05-09 | 369,000 |
| 1981-05-16 | 340,000 |
| 1981-05-23 | 342,000 |
| 1981-05-30 | 301,000 |
| 1981-06-06 | 384,000 |
| 1981-06-13 | 367,000 |
| 1981-06-20 | 376,000 |
| 1981-06-27 | 387,000 |
| 1981-07-04 | 430,000 |
| 1981-07-11 | 516,000 |
| 1981-07-18 | 481,000 |
| 1981-07-25 | 429,000 |
| 1981-08-01 | 444,000 |
| 1981-08-08 | 419,000 |
| 1981-08-15 | 369,000 |
| 1981-08-22 | 351,000 |
| 1981-08-29 | 352,000 |
| 1981-09-05 | 396,000 |
| 1981-09-12 | 331,000 |
| 1981-09-19 | 392,000 |
| 1981-09-26 | 392,000 |
| 1981-10-03 | 416,000 |
| 1981-10-10 | 476,000 |
| 1981-10-17 | 408,000 |
| 1981-10-24 | 450,000 |
| 1981-10-31 | 479,000 |
| 1981-11-07 | 534,000 |
| 1981-11-14 | 483,000 |
| 1981-11-21 | 522,000 |
| 1981-11-28 | 535,000 |
| 1981-12-05 | 726,000 |
| 1981-12-12 | 657,000 |
| 1981-12-19 | 644,000 |
| 1981-12-26 | 702,000 |
| 1982-01-02 | 694,300 |
| 1982-01-09 | 1,073,500 |
| 1982-01-16 | 761,700 |
| 1982-01-23 | 771,200 |
| 1982-01-30 | 692,300 |
| 1982-02-06 | 671,000 |
| 1982-02-13 | 532,800 |
| 1982-02-20 | 522,900 |
| 1982-02-27 | 536,300 |
| 1982-03-06 | 566,300 |
| 1982-03-13 | 515,100 |
| 1982-03-20 | 510,500 |
| 1982-03-27 | 501,500 |
| 1982-04-03 | 516,600 |
| 1982-04-10 | 606,300 |
| 1982-04-17 | 540,300 |
| 1982-04-24 | 518,600 |
| 1982-05-01 | 475,600 |
| 1982-05-08 | 516,500 |
| 1982-05-15 | 486,500 |
| 1982-05-22 | 486,300 |
| 1982-05-29 | 485,800 |
| 1982-06-05 | 478,600 |
| 1982-06-12 | 541,600 |
| 1982-06-19 | 508,100 |
| 1982-06-26 | 507,700 |
| 1982-07-03 | 594,400 |
| 1982-07-10 | 631,400 |
| 1982-07-17 | 647,000 |
| 1982-07-24 | 576,100 |
| 1982-07-31 | 562,600 |
| 1982-08-07 | 569,200 |
| 1982-08-14 | 536,400 |
| 1982-08-21 | 510,400 |
| 1982-08-28 | 502,300 |
| 1982-09-04 | 537,600 |
| 1982-09-11 | 467,700 |
| 1982-09-18 | 559,500 |
| 1982-09-25 | 535,000 |
| 1982-10-02 | 565,600 |
| 1982-10-09 | 638,100 |
| 1982-10-16 | 540,300 |
| 1982-10-23 | 577,600 |
| 1982-10-30 | 576,800 |
| 1982-11-06 | 604,800 |
| 1982-11-13 | 546,700 |
| 1982-11-20 | 650,400 |
| 1982-11-27 | 574,100 |
| 1982-12-04 | 709,400 |
| 1982-12-11 | 638,200 |
| 1982-12-18 | 598,000 |
| 1982-12-25 | 653,600 |
| 1983-01-01 | 745,100 |
| 1983-01-08 | 976,600 |
| 1983-01-15 | 773,600 |
| 1983-01-22 | 650,600 |
| 1983-01-29 | 597,700 |
| 1983-02-05 | 594,200 |
| 1983-02-12 | 525,100 |
| 1983-02-19 | 506,300 |
| 1983-02-26 | 448,700 |
| 1983-03-05 | 497,400 |
| 1983-03-12 | 459,700 |
| 1983-03-19 | 427,500 |
| 1983-03-26 | 422,100 |
| 1983-04-02 | 423,000 |
| 1983-04-09 | 509,700 |
| 1983-04-16 | 464,800 |
| 1983-04-23 | 431,300 |
| 1983-04-30 | 399,900 |
| 1983-05-07 | 435,000 |
| 1983-05-14 | 385,200 |
| 1983-05-21 | 380,300 |
| 1983-05-28 | 373,000 |
| 1983-06-04 | 351,100 |
| 1983-06-11 | 390,100 |
| 1983-06-18 | 369,200 |
| 1983-06-25 | 383,500 |
| 1983-07-02 | 397,400 |
| 1983-07-09 | 451,900 |
| 1983-07-16 | 459,400 |
| 1983-07-23 | 428,300 |
| 1983-07-30 | 383,400 |
| 1983-08-06 | 382,500 |
| 1983-08-13 | 382,300 |
| 1983-08-20 | 356,900 |
| 1983-08-27 | 323,600 |
| 1983-09-03 | 328,800 |
| 1983-09-10 | 288,700 |
| 1983-09-17 | 326,900 |
| 1983-09-24 | 324,700 |
| 1983-10-01 | 318,500 |
| 1983-10-08 | 390,500 |
| 1983-10-15 | 319,900 |
| 1983-10-22 | 354,900 |
| 1983-10-29 | 356,400 |
| 1983-11-05 | 398,200 |
| 1983-11-12 | 347,300 |
| 1983-11-19 | 431,900 |
| 1983-11-26 | 362,900 |
| 1983-12-03 | 458,400 |
| 1983-12-10 | 442,900 |
| 1983-12-17 | 414,600 |
| 1983-12-24 | 496,800 |
| 1983-12-31 | 558,900 |
| 1984-01-07 | 621,600 |
| 1984-01-14 | 637,900 |
| 1984-01-21 | 475,100 |
| 1984-01-28 | 448,500 |
| 1984-02-04 | 408,400 |
| 1984-02-11 | 381,500 |
| 1984-02-18 | 349,300 |
| 1984-02-25 | 329,100 |
| 1984-03-03 | 350,500 |
| 1984-03-10 | 344,000 |
| 1984-03-17 | 323,500 |
| 1984-03-24 | 317,600 |
| 1984-03-31 | 291,400 |
| 1984-04-07 | 390,300 |
| 1984-04-14 | 330,800 |
| 1984-04-21 | 326,500 |
| 1984-04-28 | 309,300 |
| 1984-05-05 | 318,900 |
| 1984-05-12 | 312,100 |
| 1984-05-19 | 294,200 |
| 1984-05-26 | 292,700 |
| 1984-06-02 | 268,700 |
| 1984-06-09 | 333,800 |
| 1984-06-16 | 309,900 |
| 1984-06-23 | 316,800 |
| 1984-06-30 | 329,000 |
| 1984-07-07 | 432,500 |
| 1984-07-14 | 435,900 |
| 1984-07-21 | 396,200 |
| 1984-07-28 | 343,800 |
| 1984-08-04 | 348,100 |
| 1984-08-11 | 328,100 |
| 1984-08-18 | 321,000 |
| 1984-08-25 | 303,300 |
| 1984-09-01 | 303,500 |
| 1984-09-08 | 289,300 |
| 1984-09-15 | 320,700 |
| 1984-09-22 | 313,200 |
| 1984-09-29 | 304,700 |
| 1984-10-06 | 373,300 |
| 1984-10-13 | 353,200 |
| 1984-10-20 | 378,700 |
| 1984-10-27 | 380,500 |
| 1984-11-03 | 413,400 |
| 1984-11-10 | 397,500 |
| 1984-11-17 | 370,800 |
| 1984-11-24 | 387,000 |
| 1984-12-01 | 494,700 |
| 1984-12-08 | 477,900 |
| 1984-12-15 | 443,700 |
| 1984-12-22 | 482,300 |
| 1984-12-29 | 527,500 |
| 1985-01-05 | 568,300 |
| 1985-01-12 | 770,000 |
| 1985-01-19 | 537,700 |
| 1985-01-26 | 478,300 |
| 1985-02-02 | 452,400 |
| 1985-02-09 | 473,300 |
| 1985-02-16 | 404,700 |
| 1985-02-23 | 379,000 |
| 1985-03-02 | 377,300 |
| 1985-03-09 | 389,200 |
| 1985-03-16 | 360,500 |
| 1985-03-23 | 346,700 |
| 1985-03-30 | 329,100 |
| 1985-04-06 | 398,000 |
| 1985-04-13 | 397,500 |
| 1985-04-20 | 351,800 |
| 1985-04-27 | 324,700 |
| 1985-05-04 | 335,600 |
| 1985-05-11 | 339,100 |
| 1985-05-18 | 324,900 |
| 1985-05-25 | 328,500 |
| 1985-06-01 | 293,500 |
| 1985-06-08 | 368,900 |
| 1985-06-15 | 339,200 |
| 1985-06-22 | 339,500 |
| 1985-06-29 | 349,800 |
| 1985-07-06 | 409,500 |
| 1985-07-13 | 481,500 |
| 1985-07-20 | 413,700 |
| 1985-07-27 | 358,700 |
| 1985-08-03 | 365,800 |
| 1985-08-10 | 358,200 |
| 1985-08-17 | 319,400 |
| 1985-08-24 | 314,800 |
| 1985-08-31 | 317,600 |
| 1985-09-07 | 304,700 |
| 1985-09-14 | 332,900 |
| 1985-09-21 | 317,600 |
| 1985-09-28 | 301,600 |
| 1985-10-05 | 355,600 |
| 1985-10-12 | 358,000 |
| 1985-10-19 | 331,000 |
| 1985-10-26 | 375,700 |
| 1985-11-02 | 375,300 |
| 1985-11-09 | 404,100 |
| 1985-11-16 | 380,300 |
| 1985-11-23 | 423,100 |
| 1985-11-30 | 384,700 |
| 1985-12-07 | 504,200 |
| 1985-12-14 | 443,400 |
| 1985-12-21 | 458,200 |
| 1985-12-28 | 548,200 |
| 1986-01-04 | 547,500 |
| 1986-01-11 | 803,900 |
| 1986-01-18 | 568,800 |
| 1986-01-25 | 395,700 |
| 1986-02-01 | 425,400 |
| 1986-02-08 | 438,100 |
| 1986-02-15 | 374,200 |
| 1986-02-22 | 382,200 |
| 1986-03-01 | 381,200 |
| 1986-03-08 | 371,700 |
| 1986-03-15 | 361,600 |
| 1986-03-22 | 363,100 |
| 1986-03-29 | 333,300 |
| 1986-04-05 | 366,100 |
| 1986-04-12 | 386,100 |
| 1986-04-19 | 348,700 |
| 1986-04-26 | 335,100 |
| 1986-05-03 | 333,600 |
| 1986-05-10 | 343,800 |
| 1986-05-17 | 319,000 |
| 1986-05-24 | 321,700 |
| 1986-05-31 | 278,700 |
| 1986-06-07 | 342,200 |
| 1986-06-14 | 324,700 |
| 1986-06-21 | 327,400 |
| 1986-06-28 | 336,100 |
| 1986-07-05 | 377,400 |
| 1986-07-12 | 456,200 |
| 1986-07-19 | 402,400 |
| 1986-07-26 | 370,700 |
| 1986-08-02 | 370,900 |
| 1986-08-09 | 376,900 |
| 1986-08-16 | 326,000 |
| 1986-08-23 | 310,200 |
| 1986-08-30 | 307,100 |
| 1986-09-06 | 283,700 |
| 1986-09-13 | 320,800 |
| 1986-09-20 | 315,800 |
| 1986-09-27 | 294,200 |
| 1986-10-04 | 328,900 |
| 1986-10-11 | 357,700 |
| 1986-10-18 | 313,000 |
| 1986-10-25 | 332,400 |
| 1986-11-01 | 334,100 |
| 1986-11-08 | 357,600 |
| 1986-11-15 | 347,400 |
| 1986-11-22 | 410,600 |
| 1986-11-29 | 350,900 |
| 1986-12-06 | 462,700 |
| 1986-12-13 | 438,600 |
| 1986-12-20 | 423,800 |
| 1986-12-27 | 483,900 |
| 1987-01-03 | 483,977 |
| 1987-01-10 | 710,493 |
| 1987-01-17 | 545,768 |
| 1987-01-24 | 412,977 |
| 1987-01-31 | 435,743 |
| 1987-02-07 | 444,240 |
| 1987-02-14 | 359,219 |
| 1987-02-21 | 332,930 |
| 1987-02-28 | 355,357 |
| 1987-03-07 | 343,065 |
| 1987-03-14 | 321,153 |
| 1987-03-21 | 313,104 |
| 1987-03-28 | 288,648 |
| 1987-04-04 | 308,940 |
| 1987-04-11 | 344,364 |
| 1987-04-18 | 305,201 |
| 1987-04-25 | 285,566 |
| 1987-05-02 | 277,726 |
| 1987-05-09 | 276,773 |
| 1987-05-16 | 283,832 |
| 1987-05-23 | 286,150 |
| 1987-05-30 | 242,793 |
| 1987-06-06 | 299,672 |
| 1987-06-13 | 281,043 |
| 1987-06-20 | 285,191 |
| 1987-06-27 | 294,288 |
| 1987-07-04 | 321,855 |
| 1987-07-11 | 402,706 |
| 1987-07-18 | 361,491 |
| 1987-07-25 | 339,756 |
| 1987-08-01 | 309,433 |
| 1987-08-08 | 296,403 |
| 1987-08-15 | 256,647 |
| 1987-08-22 | 245,058 |
| 1987-08-29 | 243,829 |
| 1987-09-05 | 255,589 |
| 1987-09-12 | 210,375 |
| 1987-09-19 | 243,651 |
| 1987-09-26 | 242,206 |
| 1987-10-03 | 244,736 |
| 1987-10-10 | 291,075 |
| 1987-10-17 | 242,157 |
| 1987-10-24 | 271,190 |
| 1987-10-31 | 261,036 |
| 1987-11-07 | 306,340 |
| 1987-11-14 | 286,334 |
| 1987-11-21 | 354,037 |
| 1987-11-28 | 288,614 |
| 1987-12-05 | 412,297 |
| 1987-12-12 | 372,869 |
| 1987-12-19 | 384,763 |
| 1987-12-26 | 397,287 |
| 1988-01-02 | 465,503 |
| 1988-01-09 | 654,620 |
| 1988-01-16 | 577,975 |
| 1988-01-23 | 412,685 |
| 1988-01-30 | 394,776 |
| 1988-02-06 | 380,906 |
| 1988-02-13 | 334,833 |
| 1988-02-20 | 315,497 |
| 1988-02-27 | 324,517 |
| 1988-03-05 | 312,409 |
| 1988-03-12 | 294,321 |
| 1988-03-19 | 275,545 |
| 1988-03-26 | 269,000 |
| 1988-04-02 | 256,607 |
| 1988-04-09 | 319,713 |
| 1988-04-16 | 273,160 |
| 1988-04-23 | 272,440 |
| 1988-04-30 | 247,619 |
| 1988-05-07 | 267,315 |
| 1988-05-14 | 257,101 |
| 1988-05-21 | 259,640 |
| 1988-05-28 | 255,852 |
| 1988-06-04 | 235,308 |
| 1988-06-11 | 268,052 |
| 1988-06-18 | 264,100 |
| 1988-06-25 | 268,770 |
| 1988-07-02 | 290,079 |
| 1988-07-09 | 335,780 |
| 1988-07-16 | 377,872 |
| 1988-07-23 | 384,920 |
| 1988-07-30 | 311,475 |
| 1988-08-06 | 293,718 |
| 1988-08-13 | 261,066 |
| 1988-08-20 | 253,359 |
| 1988-08-27 | 241,809 |
| 1988-09-03 | 243,944 |
| 1988-09-10 | 220,226 |
| 1988-09-17 | 247,250 |
| 1988-09-24 | 236,230 |
| 1988-10-01 | 226,453 |
| 1988-10-08 | 276,732 |
| 1988-10-15 | 237,722 |
| 1988-10-22 | 264,201 |
| 1988-10-29 | 265,794 |
| 1988-11-05 | 293,412 |
| 1988-11-12 | 257,201 |
| 1988-11-19 | 335,818 |
| 1988-11-26 | 281,841 |
| 1988-12-03 | 391,406 |
| 1988-12-10 | 354,028 |
| 1988-12-17 | 354,768 |
| 1988-12-24 | 413,175 |
| 1988-12-31 | 474,226 |
| 1989-01-07 | 544,138 |
| 1989-01-14 | 519,727 |
| 1989-01-21 | 364,499 |
| 1989-01-28 | 361,331 |
| 1989-02-04 | 340,647 |
| 1989-02-11 | 365,301 |
| 1989-02-18 | 317,676 |
| 1989-02-25 | 288,690 |
| 1989-03-04 | 333,669 |
| 1989-03-11 | 325,019 |
| 1989-03-18 | 291,112 |
| 1989-03-25 | 276,369 |
| 1989-04-01 | 275,799 |
| 1989-04-08 | 321,723 |
| 1989-04-15 | 275,240 |
| 1989-04-22 | 271,002 |
| 1989-04-29 | 247,646 |
| 1989-05-06 | 275,425 |
| 1989-05-13 | 275,507 |
| 1989-05-20 | 260,543 |
| 1989-05-27 | 266,146 |
| 1989-06-03 | 243,246 |
| 1989-06-10 | 295,499 |
| 1989-06-17 | 285,589 |
| 1989-06-24 | 295,338 |
| 1989-07-01 | 319,577 |
| 1989-07-08 | 364,594 |
| 1989-07-15 | 423,847 |
| 1989-07-22 | 365,026 |
| 1989-07-29 | 320,773 |
| 1989-08-05 | 311,584 |
| 1989-08-12 | 291,429 |
| 1989-08-19 | 261,419 |
| 1989-08-26 | 254,488 |
| 1989-09-02 | 259,540 |
| 1989-09-09 | 239,989 |
| 1989-09-16 | 271,903 |
| 1989-09-23 | 262,895 |
| 1989-09-30 | 265,310 |
| 1989-10-07 | 375,972 |
| 1989-10-14 | 284,584 |
| 1989-10-21 | 315,473 |
| 1989-10-28 | 317,538 |
| 1989-11-04 | 336,759 |
| 1989-11-11 | 303,556 |
| 1989-11-18 | 377,814 |
| 1989-11-25 | 316,458 |
| 1989-12-02 | 443,684 |
| 1989-12-09 | 426,514 |
| 1989-12-16 | 420,795 |
| 1989-12-23 | 534,261 |
| 1989-12-30 | 515,926 |
| 1990-01-06 | 581,679 |
| 1990-01-13 | 730,995 |
| 1990-01-20 | 485,424 |
| 1990-01-27 | 440,748 |
| 1990-02-03 | 432,922 |
| 1990-02-10 | 429,764 |
| 1990-02-17 | 364,616 |
| 1990-02-24 | 341,969 |
| 1990-03-03 | 361,937 |
| 1990-03-10 | 355,935 |
| 1990-03-17 | 325,164 |
| 1990-03-24 | 306,391 |
| 1990-03-31 | 297,117 |
| 1990-04-07 | 372,079 |
| 1990-04-14 | 315,624 |
| 1990-04-21 | 324,936 |
| 1990-04-28 | 294,785 |
| 1990-05-05 | 304,160 |
| 1990-05-12 | 299,266 |
| 1990-05-19 | 287,082 |
| 1990-05-26 | 295,476 |
| 1990-06-02 | 273,910 |
| 1990-06-09 | 321,727 |
| 1990-06-16 | 305,690 |
| 1990-06-23 | 316,999 |
| 1990-06-30 | 326,407 |
| 1990-07-07 | 419,256 |
| 1990-07-14 | 448,952 |
| 1990-07-21 | 407,676 |
| 1990-07-28 | 353,149 |
| 1990-08-04 | 336,997 |
| 1990-08-11 | 330,678 |
| 1990-08-18 | 313,804 |
| 1990-08-25 | 302,267 |
| 1990-09-01 | 305,510 |
| 1990-09-08 | 277,768 |
| 1990-09-15 | 323,246 |
| 1990-09-22 | 306,549 |
| 1990-09-29 | 308,080 |
| 1990-10-06 | 361,538 |
| 1990-10-13 | 356,203 |
| 1990-10-20 | 387,444 |
| 1990-10-27 | 394,598 |
| 1990-11-03 | 424,771 |
| 1990-11-10 | 463,874 |
| 1990-11-17 | 433,003 |
| 1990-11-24 | 422,676 |
| 1990-12-01 | 568,583 |
| 1990-12-08 | 574,323 |
| 1990-12-15 | 523,403 |
| 1990-12-22 | 637,449 |
| 1990-12-29 | 649,471 |
| 1991-01-05 | 651,775 |
| 1991-01-12 | 872,742 |
| 1991-01-19 | 691,092 |
| 1991-01-26 | 511,360 |
| 1991-02-02 | 563,060 |
| 1991-02-09 | 574,760 |
| 1991-02-16 | 498,200 |
| 1991-02-23 | 492,325 |
| 1991-03-02 | 504,023 |
| 1991-03-09 | 514,410 |
| 1991-03-16 | 470,801 |
| 1991-03-23 | 477,877 |
| 1991-03-30 | 412,904 |
| 1991-04-06 | 448,082 |
| 1991-04-13 | 459,364 |
| 1991-04-20 | 433,912 |
| 1991-04-27 | 385,153 |
| 1991-05-04 | 384,458 |
| 1991-05-11 | 382,113 |
| 1991-05-18 | 366,492 |
| 1991-05-25 | 365,117 |
| 1991-06-01 | 320,632 |
| 1991-06-08 | 397,682 |
| 1991-06-15 | 369,074 |
| 1991-06-22 | 371,232 |
| 1991-06-29 | 370,372 |
| 1991-07-06 | 427,161 |
| 1991-07-13 | 517,888 |
| 1991-07-20 | 454,655 |
| 1991-07-27 | 408,098 |
| 1991-08-03 | 397,522 |
| 1991-08-10 | 385,740 |
| 1991-08-17 | 344,969 |
| 1991-08-24 | 329,287 |
| 1991-08-31 | 328,040 |
| 1991-09-07 | 302,187 |
| 1991-09-14 | 342,419 |
| 1991-09-21 | 333,110 |
| 1991-09-28 | 334,206 |
| 1991-10-05 | 366,862 |
| 1991-10-12 | 388,370 |
| 1991-10-19 | 344,189 |
| 1991-10-26 | 380,253 |
| 1991-11-02 | 427,789 |
| 1991-11-09 | 473,432 |
| 1991-11-16 | 417,766 |
| 1991-11-23 | 503,032 |
| 1991-11-30 | 433,180 |
| 1991-12-07 | 610,113 |
| 1991-12-14 | 554,059 |
| 1991-12-21 | 555,747 |
| 1991-12-28 | 625,772 |
| 1992-01-04 | 652,046 |
| 1992-01-11 | 882,118 |
| 1992-01-18 | 687,914 |
| 1992-01-25 | 504,838 |
| 1992-02-01 | 508,594 |
| 1992-02-08 | 537,238 |
| 1992-02-15 | 469,794 |
| 1992-02-22 | 429,723 |
| 1992-02-29 | 454,987 |
| 1992-03-07 | 434,426 |
| 1992-03-14 | 417,282 |
| 1992-03-21 | 413,180 |
| 1992-03-28 | 370,883 |
| 1992-04-04 | 393,384 |
| 1992-04-11 | 412,948 |
| 1992-04-18 | 366,621 |
| 1992-04-25 | 364,454 |
| 1992-05-02 | 363,794 |
| 1992-05-09 | 364,100 |
| 1992-05-16 | 341,425 |
| 1992-05-23 | 343,432 |
| 1992-05-30 | 305,080 |
| 1992-06-06 | 374,978 |
| 1992-06-13 | 369,067 |
| 1992-06-20 | 369,995 |
| 1992-06-27 | 370,373 |
| 1992-07-04 | 395,505 |
| 1992-07-11 | 506,050 |
| 1992-07-18 | 452,468 |
| 1992-07-25 | 554,590 |
| 1992-08-01 | 382,138 |
| 1992-08-08 | 366,092 |
| 1992-08-15 | 322,729 |
| 1992-08-22 | 312,436 |
| 1992-08-29 | 309,806 |
| 1992-09-05 | 339,006 |
| 1992-09-12 | 299,189 |
| 1992-09-19 | 345,093 |
| 1992-09-26 | 315,455 |
| 1992-10-03 | 326,938 |
| 1992-10-10 | 353,504 |
| 1992-10-17 | 310,235 |
| 1992-10-24 | 333,005 |
| 1992-10-31 | 331,922 |
| 1992-11-07 | 392,213 |
| 1992-11-14 | 348,011 |
| 1992-11-21 | 401,972 |
| 1992-11-28 | 317,218 |
| 1992-12-05 | 449,726 |
| 1992-12-12 | 424,677 |
| 1992-12-19 | 396,619 |
| 1992-12-26 | 392,612 |
| 1993-01-02 | 487,466 |
| 1993-01-09 | 704,930 |
| 1993-01-16 | 558,516 |
| 1993-01-23 | 410,944 |
| 1993-01-30 | 397,000 |
| 1993-02-06 | 384,707 |
| 1993-02-13 | 344,520 |
| 1993-02-20 | 345,116 |
| 1993-02-27 | 367,412 |
| 1993-03-06 | 364,185 |
| 1993-03-13 | 335,154 |
| 1993-03-20 | 315,473 |
| 1993-03-27 | 330,512 |
| 1993-04-03 | 331,871 |
| 1993-04-10 | 346,648 |
| 1993-04-17 | 321,564 |
| 1993-04-24 | 310,916 |
| 1993-05-01 | 285,098 |
| 1993-05-08 | 301,906 |
| 1993-05-15 | 287,944 |
| 1993-05-22 | 285,444 |
| 1993-05-29 | 291,206 |
| 1993-06-05 | 273,411 |
| 1993-06-12 | 308,535 |
| 1993-06-19 | 304,843 |
| 1993-06-26 | 301,549 |
| 1993-07-03 | 334,335 |
| 1993-07-10 | 362,425 |
| 1993-07-17 | 402,348 |
| 1993-07-24 | 418,260 |
| 1993-07-31 | 320,155 |
| 1993-08-07 | 314,579 |
| 1993-08-14 | 277,263 |
| 1993-08-21 | 270,913 |
| 1993-08-28 | 254,231 |
| 1993-09-04 | 270,528 |
| 1993-09-11 | 238,902 |
| 1993-09-18 | 280,903 |
| 1993-09-25 | 265,510 |
| 1993-10-02 | 263,636 |
| 1993-10-09 | 338,726 |
| 1993-10-16 | 288,699 |
| 1993-10-23 | 321,509 |
| 1993-10-30 | 309,359 |
| 1993-11-06 | 365,280 |
| 1993-11-13 | 310,455 |
| 1993-11-20 | 377,935 |
| 1993-11-27 | 306,788 |
| 1993-12-04 | 431,210 |
| 1993-12-11 | 398,560 |
| 1993-12-18 | 382,583 |
| 1993-12-25 | 398,084 |
| 1994-01-01 | 481,735 |
| 1994-01-08 | 676,076 |
| 1994-01-15 | 571,816 |
| 1994-01-22 | 427,570 |
| 1994-01-29 | 481,458 |
| 1994-02-05 | 429,800 |
| 1994-02-12 | 385,594 |
| 1994-02-19 | 368,626 |
| 1994-02-26 | 307,194 |
| 1994-03-05 | 355,250 |
| 1994-03-12 | 331,023 |
| 1994-03-19 | 308,038 |
| 1994-03-26 | 292,661 |
| 1994-04-02 | 289,631 |
| 1994-04-09 | 361,348 |
| 1994-04-16 | 327,166 |
| 1994-04-23 | 298,620 |
| 1994-04-30 | 285,837 |
| 1994-05-07 | 332,414 |
| 1994-05-14 | 303,190 |
| 1994-05-21 | 299,324 |
| 1994-05-28 | 291,797 |
| 1994-06-04 | 273,849 |
| 1994-06-11 | 309,033 |
| 1994-06-18 | 298,198 |
| 1994-06-25 | 305,863 |
| 1994-07-02 | 327,262 |
| 1994-07-09 | 394,428 |
| 1994-07-16 | 443,698 |
| 1994-07-23 | 354,495 |
| 1994-07-30 | 295,979 |
| 1994-08-06 | 304,363 |
| 1994-08-13 | 277,614 |
| 1994-08-20 | 262,131 |
| 1994-08-27 | 257,299 |
| 1994-09-03 | 270,561 |
| 1994-09-10 | 237,526 |
| 1994-09-17 | 264,553 |
| 1994-09-24 | 251,191 |
| 1994-10-01 | 255,588 |
| 1994-10-08 | 322,522 |
| 1994-10-15 | 272,742 |
| 1994-10-22 | 296,646 |
| 1994-10-29 | 291,557 |
| 1994-11-05 | 338,561 |
| 1994-11-12 | 298,030 |
| 1994-11-19 | 366,719 |
| 1994-11-26 | 295,729 |
| 1994-12-03 | 412,824 |
| 1994-12-10 | 397,238 |
| 1994-12-17 | 376,210 |
| 1994-12-24 | 423,387 |
| 1994-12-31 | 482,735 |
| 1995-01-07 | 612,648 |
| 1995-01-14 | 608,872 |
| 1995-01-21 | 400,772 |
| 1995-01-28 | 396,457 |
| 1995-02-04 | 381,813 |
| 1995-02-11 | 387,408 |
| 1995-02-18 | 356,237 |
| 1995-02-25 | 316,927 |
| 1995-03-04 | 342,015 |
| 1995-03-11 | 339,580 |
| 1995-03-18 | 319,218 |
| 1995-03-25 | 305,471 |
| 1995-04-01 | 294,031 |
| 1995-04-08 | 356,914 |
| 1995-04-15 | 318,030 |
| 1995-04-22 | 317,072 |
| 1995-04-29 | 305,594 |
| 1995-05-06 | 325,398 |
| 1995-05-13 | 311,646 |
| 1995-05-20 | 316,305 |
| 1995-05-27 | 314,442 |
| 1995-06-03 | 286,566 |
| 1995-06-10 | 340,606 |
| 1995-06-17 | 337,812 |
| 1995-06-24 | 324,411 |
| 1995-07-01 | 341,207 |
| 1995-07-08 | 428,632 |
| 1995-07-15 | 491,891 |
| 1995-07-22 | 409,319 |
| 1995-07-29 | 311,708 |
| 1995-08-05 | 310,703 |
| 1995-08-12 | 296,712 |
| 1995-08-19 | 286,017 |
| 1995-08-26 | 272,182 |
| 1995-09-02 | 278,703 |
| 1995-09-09 | 266,145 |
| 1995-09-16 | 304,323 |
| 1995-09-23 | 272,431 |
| 1995-09-30 | 269,067 |
| 1995-10-07 | 345,311 |
| 1995-10-14 | 306,465 |
| 1995-10-21 | 322,856 |
| 1995-10-28 | 332,061 |
| 1995-11-04 | 383,687 |
| 1995-11-11 | 335,181 |
| 1995-11-18 | 425,889 |
| 1995-11-25 | 336,269 |
| 1995-12-02 | 474,548 |
| 1995-12-09 | 421,109 |
| 1995-12-16 | 423,450 |
| 1995-12-23 | 490,349 |
| 1995-12-30 | 513,686 |
| 1996-01-06 | 596,010 |
| 1996-01-13 | 637,910 |
| 1996-01-20 | 510,820 |
| 1996-01-27 | 492,966 |
| 1996-02-03 | 433,693 |
| 1996-02-10 | 440,961 |
| 1996-02-17 | 395,332 |
| 1996-02-24 | 347,053 |
| 1996-03-02 | 368,044 |
| 1996-03-09 | 355,818 |
| 1996-03-16 | 357,070 |
| 1996-03-23 | 396,731 |
| 1996-03-30 | 342,023 |
| 1996-04-06 | 353,032 |
| 1996-04-13 | 343,654 |
| 1996-04-20 | 336,033 |
| 1996-04-27 | 291,957 |
| 1996-05-04 | 298,195 |
| 1996-05-11 | 303,532 |
| 1996-05-18 | 287,891 |
| 1996-05-25 | 287,622 |
| 1996-06-01 | 266,116 |
| 1996-06-08 | 329,099 |
| 1996-06-15 | 307,141 |
| 1996-06-22 | 312,226 |
| 1996-06-29 | 315,615 |
| 1996-07-06 | 382,989 |
| 1996-07-13 | 449,510 |
| 1996-07-20 | 360,385 |
| 1996-07-27 | 294,762 |
| 1996-08-03 | 283,216 |
| 1996-08-10 | 285,795 |
| 1996-08-17 | 265,742 |
| 1996-08-24 | 259,677 |
| 1996-08-31 | 251,425 |
| 1996-09-07 | 238,893 |
| 1996-09-14 | 272,464 |
| 1996-09-21 | 273,232 |
| 1996-09-28 | 261,251 |
| 1996-10-05 | 292,029 |
| 1996-10-12 | 306,521 |
| 1996-10-19 | 271,934 |
| 1996-10-26 | 311,965 |
| 1996-11-02 | 320,827 |
| 1996-11-09 | 340,240 |
| 1996-11-16 | 330,730 |
| 1996-11-23 | 383,512 |
| 1996-11-30 | 328,186 |
| 1996-12-07 | 444,305 |
| 1996-12-14 | 404,436 |
| 1996-12-21 | 429,566 |
| 1996-12-28 | 520,650 |
| 1997-01-04 | 541,210 |
| 1997-01-11 | 654,473 |
| 1997-01-18 | 513,913 |
| 1997-01-25 | 385,310 |
| 1997-02-01 | 380,099 |
| 1997-02-08 | 370,766 |
| 1997-02-15 | 320,374 |
| 1997-02-22 | 309,202 |
| 1997-03-01 | 317,339 |
| 1997-03-08 | 314,787 |
| 1997-03-15 | 296,698 |
| 1997-03-22 | 291,463 |
| 1997-03-29 | 268,823 |
| 1997-04-05 | 311,186 |
| 1997-04-12 | 329,663 |
| 1997-04-19 | 286,593 |
| 1997-04-26 | 295,166 |
| 1997-05-03 | 295,629 |
| 1997-05-10 | 278,052 |
| 1997-05-17 | 267,251 |
| 1997-05-24 | 264,697 |
| 1997-05-31 | 248,167 |
| 1997-06-07 | 309,928 |
| 1997-06-14 | 302,577 |
| 1997-06-21 | 290,720 |
| 1997-06-28 | 298,299 |
| 1997-07-05 | 372,574 |
| 1997-07-12 | 434,598 |
| 1997-07-19 | 339,250 |
| 1997-07-26 | 281,794 |
| 1997-08-02 | 273,471 |
| 1997-08-09 | 289,083 |
| 1997-08-16 | 272,910 |
| 1997-08-23 | 255,236 |
| 1997-08-30 | 250,205 |
| 1997-09-06 | 224,948 |
| 1997-09-13 | 253,456 |
| 1997-09-20 | 246,061 |
| 1997-09-27 | 237,214 |
| 1997-10-04 | 260,705 |
| 1997-10-11 | 286,436 |
| 1997-10-18 | 255,634 |
| 1997-10-25 | 272,593 |
| 1997-11-01 | 293,086 |
| 1997-11-08 | 322,842 |
| 1997-11-15 | 311,499 |
| 1997-11-22 | 341,845 |
| 1997-11-29 | 309,788 |
| 1997-12-06 | 402,699 |
| 1997-12-13 | 374,107 |
| 1997-12-20 | 368,823 |
| 1997-12-27 | 445,345 |
| 1998-01-03 | 479,854 |
| 1998-01-10 | 682,016 |
| 1998-01-17 | 512,837 |
| 1998-01-24 | 355,092 |
| 1998-01-31 | 357,976 |
| 1998-02-07 | 368,113 |
| 1998-02-14 | 328,354 |
| 1998-02-21 | 313,367 |
| 1998-02-28 | 313,480 |
| 1998-03-07 | 305,542 |
| 1998-03-14 | 298,302 |
| 1998-03-21 | 293,692 |
| 1998-03-28 | 272,808 |
| 1998-04-04 | 288,484 |
| 1998-04-11 | 294,014 |
| 1998-04-18 | 288,059 |
| 1998-04-25 | 278,220 |
| 1998-05-02 | 261,089 |
| 1998-05-09 | 270,108 |
| 1998-05-16 | 262,107 |
| 1998-05-23 | 259,125 |
| 1998-05-30 | 248,550 |
| 1998-06-06 | 289,495 |
| 1998-06-13 | 293,195 |
| 1998-06-20 | 322,017 |
| 1998-06-27 | 348,842 |
| 1998-07-04 | 379,734 |
| 1998-07-11 | 428,977 |
| 1998-07-18 | 364,767 |
| 1998-07-25 | 314,782 |
| 1998-08-01 | 277,621 |
| 1998-08-08 | 279,621 |
| 1998-08-15 | 246,823 |
| 1998-08-22 | 237,999 |
| 1998-08-29 | 233,516 |
| 1998-09-05 | 255,938 |
| 1998-09-12 | 217,454 |
| 1998-09-19 | 237,609 |
| 1998-09-26 | 220,668 |
| 1998-10-03 | 246,284 |
| 1998-10-10 | 300,862 |
| 1998-10-17 | 257,172 |
| 1998-10-24 | 275,574 |
| 1998-10-31 | 281,932 |
| 1998-11-07 | 332,611 |
| 1998-11-14 | 315,504 |
| 1998-11-21 | 338,501 |
| 1998-11-28 | 295,041 |
| 1998-12-05 | 421,605 |
| 1998-12-12 | 355,872 |
| 1998-12-19 | 344,452 |
| 1998-12-26 | 442,200 |
| 1999-01-02 | 508,983 |
| 1999-01-09 | 713,805 |
| 1999-01-16 | 514,082 |
| 1999-01-23 | 364,737 |
| 1999-01-30 | 349,733 |
| 1999-02-06 | 344,947 |
| 1999-02-13 | 320,679 |
| 1999-02-20 | 286,130 |
| 1999-02-27 | 297,918 |
| 1999-03-06 | 297,325 |
| 1999-03-13 | 289,813 |
| 1999-03-20 | 275,453 |
| 1999-03-27 | 260,817 |
| 1999-04-03 | 263,516 |
| 1999-04-10 | 327,621 |
| 1999-04-17 | 286,018 |
| 1999-04-24 | 263,835 |
| 1999-05-01 | 252,190 |
| 1999-05-08 | 274,268 |
| 1999-05-15 | 251,063 |
| 1999-05-22 | 250,360 |
| 1999-05-29 | 260,517 |
| 1999-06-05 | 256,922 |
| 1999-06-12 | 267,582 |
| 1999-06-19 | 267,825 |
| 1999-06-26 | 269,755 |
| 1999-07-03 | 303,758 |
| 1999-07-10 | 364,078 |
| 1999-07-17 | 369,123 |
| 1999-07-24 | 293,348 |
| 1999-07-31 | 254,195 |
| 1999-08-07 | 259,805 |
| 1999-08-14 | 236,658 |
| 1999-08-21 | 226,061 |
| 1999-08-28 | 219,278 |
| 1999-09-04 | 235,849 |
| 1999-09-11 | 204,302 |
| 1999-09-18 | 219,070 |
| 1999-09-25 | 232,486 |
| 1999-10-02 | 246,445 |
| 1999-10-09 | 278,925 |
| 1999-10-16 | 234,580 |
| 1999-10-23 | 250,864 |
| 1999-10-30 | 257,767 |
| 1999-11-06 | 297,136 |
| 1999-11-13 | 262,607 |
| 1999-11-20 | 309,248 |
| 1999-11-27 | 268,255 |
| 1999-12-04 | 378,735 |
| 1999-12-11 | 318,175 |
| 1999-12-18 | 329,649 |
| 1999-12-25 | 377,695 |
| 2000-01-01 | 439,912 |
| 2000-01-08 | 606,897 |
| 2000-01-15 | 442,494 |
| 2000-01-22 | 328,841 |
| 2000-01-29 | 332,740 |
| 2000-02-05 | 365,245 |
| 2000-02-12 | 311,897 |
| 2000-02-19 | 281,256 |
| 2000-02-26 | 258,962 |
| 2000-03-04 | 283,024 |
| 2000-03-11 | 255,109 |
| 2000-03-18 | 242,139 |
| 2000-03-25 | 239,835 |
| 2000-04-01 | 229,520 |
| 2000-04-08 | 274,130 |
| 2000-04-15 | 237,218 |
| 2000-04-22 | 240,266 |
| 2000-04-29 | 249,458 |
| 2000-05-06 | 259,546 |
| 2000-05-13 | 231,706 |
| 2000-05-20 | 234,599 |
| 2000-05-27 | 239,836 |
| 2000-06-03 | 242,991 |
| 2000-06-10 | 267,752 |
| 2000-06-17 | 265,617 |
| 2000-06-24 | 273,344 |
| 2000-07-01 | 280,979 |
| 2000-07-08 | 363,793 |
| 2000-07-15 | 377,982 |
| 2000-07-22 | 296,255 |
| 2000-07-29 | 253,466 |
| 2000-08-05 | 266,151 |
| 2000-08-12 | 261,358 |
| 2000-08-19 | 251,844 |
| 2000-08-26 | 239,030 |
| 2000-09-02 | 242,375 |
| 2000-09-09 | 229,954 |
| 2000-09-16 | 245,991 |
| 2000-09-23 | 222,219 |
| 2000-09-30 | 227,249 |
| 2000-10-07 | 292,784 |
| 2000-10-14 | 255,082 |
| 2000-10-21 | 263,445 |
| 2000-10-28 | 269,489 |
| 2000-11-04 | 342,414 |
| 2000-11-11 | 294,727 |
| 2000-11-18 | 374,160 |
| 2000-11-25 | 321,859 |
| 2000-12-02 | 447,262 |
| 2000-12-09 | 390,088 |
| 2000-12-16 | 402,476 |
| 2000-12-23 | 481,720 |
| 2000-12-30 | 568,973 |
| 2001-01-06 | 558,768 |
| 2001-01-13 | 599,562 |
| 2001-01-20 | 398,188 |
| 2001-01-27 | 447,386 |
| 2001-02-03 | 424,696 |
| 2001-02-10 | 396,151 |
| 2001-02-17 | 345,841 |
| 2001-02-24 | 357,591 |
| 2001-03-03 | 379,286 |
| 2001-03-10 | 377,210 |
| 2001-03-17 | 351,497 |
| 2001-03-24 | 334,747 |
| 2001-03-31 | 328,576 |
| 2001-04-07 | 397,282 |
| 2001-04-14 | 346,981 |
| 2001-04-21 | 369,745 |
| 2001-04-28 | 353,831 |
| 2001-05-05 | 336,319 |
| 2001-05-12 | 331,765 |
| 2001-05-19 | 338,374 |
| 2001-05-26 | 346,231 |
| 2001-06-02 | 335,765 |
| 2001-06-09 | 397,015 |
| 2001-06-16 | 354,526 |
| 2001-06-23 | 351,770 |
| 2001-06-30 | 375,885 |
| 2001-07-07 | 526,826 |
| 2001-07-14 | 524,139 |
| 2001-07-21 | 406,038 |
| 2001-07-28 | 332,957 |
| 2001-08-04 | 341,660 |
| 2001-08-11 | 333,042 |
| 2001-08-18 | 317,046 |
| 2001-08-25 | 307,850 |
| 2001-09-01 | 319,016 |
| 2001-09-08 | 309,567 |
| 2001-09-15 | 317,245 |
| 2001-09-22 | 353,611 |
| 2001-09-29 | 400,400 |
| 2001-10-06 | 441,754 |
| 2001-10-13 | 426,881 |
| 2001-10-20 | 429,542 |
| 2001-10-27 | 436,901 |
| 2001-11-03 | 443,971 |
| 2001-11-10 | 456,366 |
| 2001-11-17 | 420,259 |
| 2001-11-24 | 438,893 |
| 2001-12-01 | 605,916 |
| 2001-12-08 | 491,836 |
| 2001-12-15 | 440,906 |
| 2001-12-22 | 529,570 |
| 2001-12-29 | 647,045 |
| 2002-01-05 | 637,343 |
| 2002-01-12 | 799,246 |
| 2002-01-19 | 558,297 |
| 2002-01-26 | 431,690 |
| 2002-02-02 | 445,552 |
| 2002-02-09 | 438,611 |
| 2002-02-16 | 376,573 |
| 2002-02-23 | 367,504 |
| 2002-03-02 | 385,272 |
| 2002-03-09 | 386,992 |
| 2002-03-16 | 352,045 |
| 2002-03-23 | 366,372 |
| 2002-03-30 | 386,296 |
| 2002-04-06 | 432,384 |
| 2002-04-13 | 428,834 |
| 2002-04-20 | 385,151 |
| 2002-04-27 | 367,350 |
| 2002-05-04 | 362,681 |
| 2002-05-11 | 358,286 |
| 2002-05-18 | 348,887 |
| 2002-05-25 | 346,439 |
| 2002-06-01 | 309,183 |
| 2002-06-08 | 378,613 |
| 2002-06-15 | 356,096 |
| 2002-06-22 | 358,959 |
| 2002-06-29 | 358,658 |
| 2002-07-06 | 456,716 |
| 2002-07-13 | 506,718 |
| 2002-07-20 | 394,586 |
| 2002-07-27 | 338,441 |
| 2002-08-03 | 326,356 |
| 2002-08-10 | 332,673 |
| 2002-08-17 | 313,869 |
| 2002-08-24 | 314,852 |
| 2002-08-31 | 310,864 |
| 2002-09-07 | 318,361 |
| 2002-09-14 | 337,577 |
| 2002-09-21 | 317,264 |
| 2002-09-28 | 319,063 |
| 2002-10-05 | 365,613 |
| 2002-10-12 | 385,689 |
| 2002-10-19 | 349,927 |
| 2002-10-26 | 375,591 |
| 2002-11-02 | 397,346 |
| 2002-11-09 | 427,078 |
| 2002-11-16 | 372,829 |
| 2002-11-23 | 436,549 |
| 2002-11-30 | 385,788 |
| 2002-12-07 | 547,430 |
| 2002-12-14 | 486,258 |
| 2002-12-21 | 483,449 |
| 2002-12-28 | 620,929 |
| 2003-01-04 | 620,004 |
| 2003-01-11 | 724,111 |
| 2003-01-18 | 542,563 |
| 2003-01-25 | 434,888 |
| 2003-02-01 | 449,286 |
| 2003-02-08 | 439,520 |
| 2003-02-15 | 398,291 |
| 2003-02-22 | 387,536 |
| 2003-03-01 | 429,782 |
| 2003-03-08 | 414,568 |
| 2003-03-15 | 389,909 |
| 2003-03-22 | 361,492 |
| 2003-03-29 | 371,692 |
| 2003-04-05 | 394,160 |
| 2003-04-12 | 434,911 |
| 2003-04-19 | 399,180 |
| 2003-04-26 | 401,342 |
| 2003-05-03 | 377,383 |
| 2003-05-10 | 364,287 |
| 2003-05-17 | 362,276 |
| 2003-05-24 | 359,500 |
| 2003-05-31 | 351,890 |
| 2003-06-07 | 421,190 |
| 2003-06-14 | 383,371 |
| 2003-06-21 | 376,560 |
| 2003-06-28 | 394,214 |
| 2003-07-05 | 483,401 |
| 2003-07-12 | 552,621 |
| 2003-07-19 | 429,381 |
| 2003-07-26 | 348,382 |
| 2003-08-02 | 333,770 |
| 2003-08-09 | 348,207 |
| 2003-08-16 | 312,087 |
| 2003-08-23 | 313,058 |
| 2003-08-30 | 319,362 |
| 2003-09-06 | 322,501 |
| 2003-09-13 | 328,414 |
| 2003-09-20 | 301,217 |
| 2003-09-27 | 304,968 |
| 2003-10-04 | 337,880 |
| 2003-10-11 | 368,876 |
| 2003-10-18 | 328,572 |
| 2003-10-25 | 352,117 |
| 2003-11-01 | 345,573 |
| 2003-11-08 | 397,387 |
| 2003-11-15 | 347,719 |
| 2003-11-22 | 397,990 |
| 2003-11-29 | 357,811 |
| 2003-12-06 | 486,202 |
| 2003-12-13 | 412,627 |
| 2003-12-20 | 424,192 |
| 2003-12-27 | 516,493 |
| 2004-01-03 | 552,815 |
| 2004-01-10 | 677,897 |
| 2004-01-17 | 490,763 |
| 2004-01-24 | 382,262 |
| 2004-01-31 | 406,298 |
| 2004-02-07 | 433,234 |
| 2004-02-14 | 341,634 |
| 2004-02-21 | 328,171 |
| 2004-02-28 | 342,140 |
| 2004-03-06 | 339,007 |
| 2004-03-13 | 312,067 |
| 2004-03-20 | 304,462 |
| 2004-03-27 | 296,776 |
| 2004-04-03 | 304,249 |
| 2004-04-10 | 350,739 |
| 2004-04-17 | 334,965 |
| 2004-04-24 | 313,686 |
| 2004-05-01 | 283,236 |
| 2004-05-08 | 292,754 |
| 2004-05-15 | 297,061 |
| 2004-05-22 | 293,974 |
| 2004-05-29 | 304,067 |
| 2004-06-05 | 308,229 |
| 2004-06-12 | 313,930 |
| 2004-06-19 | 322,481 |
| 2004-06-26 | 318,746 |
| 2004-07-03 | 349,920 |
| 2004-07-10 | 444,531 |
| 2004-07-17 | 394,372 |
| 2004-07-24 | 313,225 |
| 2004-07-31 | 282,128 |
| 2004-08-07 | 291,611 |
| 2004-08-14 | 262,936 |
| 2004-08-21 | 274,433 |
| 2004-08-28 | 276,308 |
| 2004-09-04 | 274,930 |
| 2004-09-11 | 250,568 |
| 2004-09-18 | 275,846 |
| 2004-09-25 | 282,729 |
| 2004-10-02 | 279,591 |
| 2004-10-09 | 338,711 |
| 2004-10-16 | 279,846 |
| 2004-10-23 | 317,573 |
| 2004-10-30 | 305,546 |
| 2004-11-06 | 351,404 |
| 2004-11-13 | 311,901 |
| 2004-11-20 | 355,954 |
| 2004-11-27 | 320,690 |
| 2004-12-04 | 473,570 |
| 2004-12-11 | 370,604 |
| 2004-12-18 | 374,749 |
| 2004-12-25 | 446,699 |
| 2005-01-01 | 540,927 |
| 2005-01-08 | 693,776 |
| 2005-01-15 | 467,862 |
| 2005-01-22 | 360,583 |
| 2005-01-29 | 364,704 |
| 2005-02-05 | 347,391 |
| 2005-02-12 | 309,290 |
| 2005-02-19 | 303,814 |
| 2005-02-26 | 290,776 |
| 2005-03-05 | 332,067 |
| 2005-03-12 | 307,061 |
| 2005-03-19 | 290,719 |
| 2005-03-26 | 291,378 |
| 2005-04-02 | 294,994 |
| 2005-04-09 | 339,709 |
| 2005-04-16 | 285,657 |
| 2005-04-23 | 299,891 |
| 2005-04-30 | 290,824 |
| 2005-05-07 | 297,347 |
| 2005-05-14 | 275,524 |
| 2005-05-21 | 276,761 |
| 2005-05-28 | 304,306 |
| 2005-06-04 | 289,914 |
| 2005-06-11 | 315,938 |
| 2005-06-18 | 289,831 |
| 2005-06-25 | 286,681 |
| 2005-07-02 | 327,268 |
| 2005-07-09 | 427,323 |
| 2005-07-16 | 374,665 |
| 2005-07-23 | 295,026 |
| 2005-07-30 | 261,906 |
| 2005-08-06 | 269,746 |
| 2005-08-13 | 257,151 |
| 2005-08-20 | 252,016 |
| 2005-08-27 | 251,642 |
| 2005-09-03 | 271,613 |
| 2005-09-10 | 322,387 |
| 2005-09-17 | 346,204 |
| 2005-09-24 | 292,435 |
| 2005-10-01 | 313,847 |
| 2005-10-08 | 380,093 |
| 2005-10-15 | 303,158 |
| 2005-10-22 | 304,733 |
| 2005-10-29 | 294,376 |
| 2005-11-05 | 340,491 |
| 2005-11-12 | 283,564 |
| 2005-11-19 | 368,859 |
| 2005-11-26 | 290,730 |
| 2005-12-03 | 444,600 |
| 2005-12-10 | 391,961 |
| 2005-12-17 | 359,108 |
| 2005-12-24 | 433,397 |
| 2005-12-31 | 475,889 |
| 2006-01-07 | 555,114 |
| 2006-01-14 | 439,873 |
| 2006-01-21 | 317,926 |
| 2006-01-28 | 318,805 |
| 2006-02-04 | 321,527 |
| 2006-02-11 | 310,078 |
| 2006-02-18 | 269,571 |
| 2006-02-25 | 272,478 |
| 2006-03-04 | 301,867 |
| 2006-03-11 | 294,764 |
| 2006-03-18 | 269,237 |
| 2006-03-25 | 265,370 |
| 2006-04-01 | 253,985 |
| 2006-04-08 | 314,696 |
| 2006-04-15 | 268,472 |
| 2006-04-22 | 291,349 |
| 2006-04-29 | 279,715 |
| 2006-05-06 | 317,239 |
| 2006-05-13 | 288,972 |
| 2006-05-20 | 277,168 |
| 2006-05-27 | 292,714 |
| 2006-06-03 | 260,263 |
| 2006-06-10 | 285,892 |
| 2006-06-17 | 277,441 |
| 2006-06-24 | 287,503 |
| 2006-07-01 | 304,638 |
| 2006-07-08 | 418,363 |
| 2006-07-15 | 377,115 |
| 2006-07-22 | 288,875 |
| 2006-07-29 | 259,974 |
| 2006-08-05 | 275,430 |
| 2006-08-12 | 256,259 |
| 2006-08-19 | 252,357 |
| 2006-08-26 | 251,275 |
| 2006-09-02 | 259,539 |
| 2006-09-09 | 240,231 |
| 2006-09-16 | 267,036 |
| 2006-09-23 | 261,396 |
| 2006-09-30 | 249,288 |
| 2006-10-07 | 307,646 |
| 2006-10-14 | 271,863 |
| 2006-10-21 | 291,372 |
| 2006-10-28 | 301,079 |
| 2006-11-04 | 326,711 |
| 2006-11-11 | 286,151 |
| 2006-11-18 | 367,690 |
| 2006-11-25 | 323,509 |
| 2006-12-02 | 448,898 |
| 2006-12-09 | 384,123 |
| 2006-12-16 | 361,672 |
| 2006-12-23 | 425,357 |
| 2006-12-30 | 499,979 |
| 2007-01-06 | 506,059 |
| 2007-01-13 | 506,709 |
| 2007-01-20 | 367,583 |
| 2007-01-27 | 359,959 |
| 2007-02-03 | 339,018 |
| 2007-02-10 | 363,018 |
| 2007-02-17 | 305,945 |
| 2007-02-24 | 299,000 |
| 2007-03-03 | 320,194 |
| 2007-03-10 | 298,927 |
| 2007-03-17 | 277,187 |
| 2007-03-24 | 273,432 |
| 2007-03-31 | 268,218 |
| 2007-04-07 | 328,266 |
| 2007-04-14 | 317,917 |
| 2007-04-21 | 303,984 |
| 2007-04-28 | 267,672 |
| 2007-05-05 | 274,801 |
| 2007-05-12 | 258,516 |
| 2007-05-19 | 270,446 |
| 2007-05-26 | 273,397 |
| 2007-06-02 | 263,527 |
| 2007-06-09 | 302,368 |
| 2007-06-16 | 290,951 |
| 2007-06-23 | 292,583 |
| 2007-06-30 | 300,348 |
| 2007-07-07 | 417,554 |
| 2007-07-14 | 383,839 |
| 2007-07-21 | 298,366 |
| 2007-07-28 | 257,426 |
| 2007-08-04 | 270,563 |
| 2007-08-11 | 266,420 |
| 2007-08-18 | 257,573 |
| 2007-08-25 | 266,179 |
| 2007-09-01 | 257,454 |
| 2007-09-08 | 245,526 |
| 2007-09-15 | 261,971 |
| 2007-09-22 | 247,643 |
| 2007-09-29 | 255,431 |
| 2007-10-06 | 298,317 |
| 2007-10-13 | 306,519 |
| 2007-10-20 | 307,675 |
| 2007-10-27 | 303,357 |
| 2007-11-03 | 325,831 |
| 2007-11-10 | 351,760 |
| 2007-11-17 | 323,124 |
| 2007-11-24 | 324,047 |
| 2007-12-01 | 462,902 |
| 2007-12-08 | 423,130 |
| 2007-12-15 | 393,042 |
| 2007-12-22 | 456,280 |
| 2007-12-29 | 507,908 |
| 2008-01-05 | 522,700 |
| 2008-01-12 | 547,943 |
| 2008-01-19 | 415,397 |
| 2008-01-26 | 369,498 |
| 2008-02-02 | 380,234 |
| 2008-02-09 | 377,595 |
| 2008-02-16 | 325,886 |
| 2008-02-23 | 330,013 |
| 2008-03-01 | 345,287 |
| 2008-03-08 | 341,364 |
| 2008-03-15 | 335,909 |
| 2008-03-22 | 316,208 |
| 2008-03-29 | 342,189 |
| 2008-04-05 | 357,209 |
| 2008-04-12 | 370,960 |
| 2008-04-19 | 328,334 |
| 2008-04-26 | 337,854 |
| 2008-05-03 | 335,533 |
| 2008-05-10 | 325,479 |
| 2008-05-17 | 319,817 |
| 2008-05-24 | 326,627 |
| 2008-05-31 | 300,989 |
| 2008-06-07 | 373,033 |
| 2008-06-14 | 349,254 |
| 2008-06-21 | 358,158 |
| 2008-06-28 | 368,544 |
| 2008-07-05 | 401,672 |
| 2008-07-12 | 476,071 |
| 2008-07-19 | 403,607 |
| 2008-07-26 | 374,182 |
| 2008-08-02 | 381,887 |
| 2008-08-09 | 372,807 |
| 2008-08-16 | 342,164 |
| 2008-08-23 | 344,255 |
| 2008-08-30 | 360,485 |
| 2008-09-06 | 336,131 |
| 2008-09-13 | 381,720 |
| 2008-09-20 | 397,610 |
| 2008-09-27 | 392,121 |
| 2008-10-04 | 426,786 |
| 2008-10-11 | 454,100 |
| 2008-10-18 | 416,114 |
| 2008-10-25 | 449,429 |
| 2008-11-01 | 466,373 |
| 2008-11-08 | 539,812 |
| 2008-11-15 | 513,047 |
| 2008-11-22 | 609,128 |
| 2008-11-29 | 537,230 |
| 2008-12-06 | 760,481 |
| 2008-12-13 | 629,867 |
| 2008-12-20 | 719,691 |
| 2008-12-27 | 717,000 |
| 2009-01-03 | 731,958 |
| 2009-01-10 | 956,791 |
| 2009-01-17 | 763,987 |
| 2009-01-24 | 620,143 |
| 2009-01-31 | 682,176 |
| 2009-02-07 | 710,152 |
| 2009-02-14 | 619,951 |
| 2009-02-21 | 605,668 |
| 2009-02-28 | 645,827 |
| 2009-03-07 | 652,635 |
| 2009-03-14 | 601,192 |
| 2009-03-21 | 590,067 |
| 2009-03-28 | 599,299 |
| 2009-04-04 | 623,279 |
| 2009-04-11 | 610,522 |
| 2009-04-18 | 596,564 |
| 2009-04-25 | 583,457 |
| 2009-05-02 | 536,648 |
| 2009-05-09 | 570,412 |
| 2009-05-16 | 540,925 |
| 2009-05-23 | 538,311 |
| 2009-05-30 | 500,380 |
| 2009-06-06 | 581,092 |
| 2009-06-13 | 562,449 |
| 2009-06-20 | 572,425 |
| 2009-06-27 | 563,387 |
| 2009-07-04 | 585,963 |
| 2009-07-11 | 677,038 |
| 2009-07-18 | 590,730 |
| 2009-07-25 | 516,351 |
| 2009-08-01 | 470,988 |
| 2009-08-08 | 486,586 |
| 2009-08-15 | 461,780 |
| 2009-08-22 | 460,998 |
| 2009-08-29 | 460,525 |
| 2009-09-05 | 470,079 |
| 2009-09-12 | 414,557 |
| 2009-09-19 | 441,311 |
| 2009-09-26 | 449,620 |
| 2009-10-03 | 456,233 |
| 2009-10-10 | 513,852 |
| 2009-10-17 | 464,985 |
| 2009-10-24 | 499,374 |
| 2009-10-31 | 487,714 |
| 2009-11-07 | 537,230 |
| 2009-11-14 | 479,350 |
| 2009-11-21 | 547,022 |
| 2009-11-28 | 462,090 |
| 2009-12-05 | 673,097 |
| 2009-12-12 | 561,655 |
| 2009-12-19 | 571,378 |
| 2009-12-26 | 561,852 |
| 2010-01-02 | 651,215 |
| 2010-01-09 | 825,891 |
| 2010-01-16 | 659,173 |
| 2010-01-23 | 507,651 |
| 2010-01-30 | 538,617 |
| 2010-02-06 | 512,463 |
| 2010-02-13 | 482,078 |
| 2010-02-20 | 458,160 |
| 2010-02-27 | 474,662 |
| 2010-03-06 | 462,679 |
| 2010-03-13 | 439,061 |
| 2010-03-20 | 413,067 |
| 2010-03-27 | 412,710 |
| 2010-04-03 | 421,130 |
| 2010-04-10 | 514,136 |
| 2010-04-17 | 436,814 |
| 2010-04-24 | 429,196 |
| 2010-05-01 | 399,350 |
| 2010-05-08 | 414,327 |
| 2010-05-15 | 414,572 |
| 2010-05-22 | 410,778 |
| 2010-05-29 | 418,873 |
| 2010-06-05 | 398,864 |
| 2010-06-12 | 448,305 |
| 2010-06-19 | 427,080 |
| 2010-06-26 | 444,712 |
| 2010-07-03 | 470,366 |
| 2010-07-10 | 515,991 |
| 2010-07-17 | 502,065 |
| 2010-07-24 | 413,679 |
| 2010-07-31 | 402,140 |
| 2010-08-07 | 425,471 |
| 2010-08-14 | 405,484 |
| 2010-08-21 | 384,955 |
| 2010-08-28 | 383,135 |
| 2010-09-04 | 381,863 |
| 2010-09-11 | 341,791 |
| 2010-09-18 | 382,341 |
| 2010-09-25 | 372,551 |
| 2010-10-02 | 373,681 |
| 2010-10-09 | 462,667 |
| 2010-10-16 | 394,016 |
| 2010-10-23 | 408,489 |
| 2010-10-30 | 421,097 |
| 2010-11-06 | 452,657 |
| 2010-11-13 | 409,548 |
| 2010-11-20 | 464,817 |
| 2010-11-27 | 412,922 |
| 2010-12-04 | 585,711 |
| 2010-12-11 | 491,776 |
| 2010-12-18 | 495,548 |
| 2010-12-25 | 525,710 |
| 2011-01-01 | 578,904 |
| 2011-01-08 | 773,499 |
| 2011-01-15 | 549,688 |
| 2011-01-22 | 485,950 |
| 2011-01-29 | 464,775 |
| 2011-02-05 | 440,706 |
| 2011-02-12 | 424,400 |
| 2011-02-19 | 380,985 |
| 2011-02-26 | 353,797 |
| 2011-03-05 | 407,299 |
| 2011-03-12 | 371,721 |
| 2011-03-19 | 354,457 |
| 2011-03-26 | 357,457 |
| 2011-04-02 | 353,817 |
| 2011-04-09 | 448,029 |
| 2011-04-16 | 381,834 |
| 2011-04-23 | 387,867 |
| 2011-04-30 | 415,974 |
| 2011-05-07 | 397,737 |
| 2011-05-14 | 361,573 |
| 2011-05-21 | 376,632 |
| 2011-05-28 | 381,497 |
| 2011-06-04 | 366,816 |
| 2011-06-11 | 400,608 |
| 2011-06-18 | 394,286 |
| 2011-06-25 | 406,633 |
| 2011-07-02 | 425,640 |
| 2011-07-09 | 473,963 |
| 2011-07-16 | 470,086 |
| 2011-07-23 | 369,207 |
| 2011-07-30 | 341,103 |
| 2011-08-06 | 354,408 |
| 2011-08-13 | 346,014 |
| 2011-08-20 | 344,870 |
| 2011-08-27 | 336,761 |
| 2011-09-03 | 348,582 |
| 2011-09-10 | 328,868 |
| 2011-09-17 | 353,820 |
| 2011-09-24 | 328,073 |
| 2011-10-01 | 332,394 |
| 2011-10-08 | 405,906 |
| 2011-10-15 | 357,562 |
| 2011-10-22 | 377,156 |
| 2011-10-29 | 369,647 |
| 2011-11-05 | 402,532 |
| 2011-11-12 | 363,016 |
| 2011-11-19 | 440,157 |
| 2011-11-26 | 372,640 |
| 2011-12-03 | 528,793 |
| 2011-12-10 | 435,863 |
| 2011-12-17 | 421,103 |
| 2011-12-24 | 497,689 |
| 2011-12-31 | 540,057 |
| 2012-01-07 | 646,219 |
| 2012-01-14 | 525,422 |
| 2012-01-21 | 416,880 |
| 2012-01-28 | 422,287 |
| 2012-02-04 | 401,365 |
| 2012-02-11 | 365,014 |
| 2012-02-18 | 346,659 |
| 2012-02-25 | 334,242 |
| 2012-03-03 | 368,433 |
| 2012-03-10 | 340,102 |
| 2012-03-17 | 319,498 |
| 2012-03-24 | 323,373 |
| 2012-03-31 | 315,800 |
| 2012-04-07 | 390,064 |
| 2012-04-14 | 370,482 |
| 2012-04-21 | 370,632 |
| 2012-04-28 | 333,476 |
| 2012-05-05 | 341,080 |
| 2012-05-12 | 325,094 |
| 2012-05-19 | 330,427 |
| 2012-05-26 | 346,260 |
| 2012-06-02 | 324,385 |
| 2012-06-09 | 376,610 |
| 2012-06-16 | 364,548 |
| 2012-06-23 | 370,521 |
| 2012-06-30 | 369,826 |
| 2012-07-07 | 442,192 |
| 2012-07-14 | 455,260 |
| 2012-07-21 | 340,780 |
| 2012-07-28 | 312,931 |
| 2012-08-04 | 320,219 |
| 2012-08-11 | 317,680 |
| 2012-08-18 | 311,857 |
| 2012-08-25 | 312,542 |
| 2012-09-01 | 309,537 |
| 2012-09-08 | 299,729 |
| 2012-09-15 | 330,454 |
| 2012-09-22 | 303,685 |
| 2012-09-29 | 301,046 |
| 2012-10-06 | 329,925 |
| 2012-10-13 | 362,730 |
| 2012-10-20 | 345,227 |
| 2012-10-27 | 339,924 |
| 2012-11-03 | 361,823 |
| 2012-11-10 | 478,551 |
| 2012-11-17 | 403,636 |
| 2012-11-24 | 358,865 |
| 2012-12-01 | 500,163 |
| 2012-12-08 | 429,191 |
| 2012-12-15 | 401,431 |
| 2012-12-22 | 457,584 |
| 2012-12-29 | 490,126 |
| 2013-01-05 | 557,424 |
| 2013-01-12 | 558,047 |
| 2013-01-19 | 437,360 |
| 2013-01-26 | 369,567 |
| 2013-02-02 | 388,708 |
| 2013-02-09 | 361,759 |
| 2013-02-16 | 351,087 |
| 2013-02-23 | 310,512 |
| 2013-03-02 | 335,794 |
| 2013-03-09 | 317,661 |
| 2013-03-16 | 301,471 |
| 2013-03-23 | 316,133 |
| 2013-03-30 | 317,494 |
| 2013-04-06 | 356,935 |
| 2013-04-13 | 359,415 |
| 2013-04-20 | 326,264 |
| 2013-04-27 | 301,622 |
| 2013-05-04 | 301,602 |
| 2013-05-11 | 320,253 |
| 2013-05-18 | 303,357 |
| 2013-05-25 | 319,508 |
| 2013-06-01 | 294,608 |
| 2013-06-08 | 332,964 |
| 2013-06-15 | 336,970 |
| 2013-06-22 | 336,901 |
| 2013-06-29 | 335,424 |
| 2013-07-06 | 383,811 |
| 2013-07-13 | 410,974 |
| 2013-07-20 | 340,457 |
| 2013-07-27 | 281,692 |
| 2013-08-03 | 288,861 |
| 2013-08-10 | 282,756 |
| 2013-08-17 | 281,164 |
| 2013-08-24 | 279,803 |
| 2013-08-31 | 269,359 |
| 2013-09-07 | 229,648 |
| 2013-09-14 | 272,946 |
| 2013-09-21 | 255,087 |
| 2013-09-28 | 252,196 |
| 2013-10-05 | 335,937 |
| 2013-10-12 | 360,957 |
| 2013-10-19 | 312,037 |
| 2013-10-26 | 325,326 |
| 2013-11-02 | 331,867 |
| 2013-11-09 | 364,167 |
| 2013-11-16 | 327,053 |
| 2013-11-23 | 369,197 |
| 2013-11-30 | 321,896 |
| 2013-12-07 | 463,413 |
| 2013-12-14 | 414,613 |
| 2013-12-21 | 418,272 |
| 2013-12-28 | 452,664 |
| 2014-01-04 | 488,537 |
| 2014-01-11 | 534,966 |
| 2014-01-18 | 416,116 |
| 2014-01-25 | 357,806 |
| 2014-02-01 | 357,742 |
| 2014-02-08 | 360,338 |
| 2014-02-15 | 322,761 |
| 2014-02-22 | 312,665 |
| 2014-03-01 | 317,832 |
| 2014-03-08 | 302,311 |
| 2014-03-15 | 285,970 |
| 2014-03-22 | 274,072 |
| 2014-03-29 | 294,862 |
| 2014-04-05 | 299,162 |
| 2014-04-12 | 318,793 |
| 2014-04-19 | 299,182 |
| 2014-04-26 | 318,127 |
| 2014-05-03 | 288,748 |
| 2014-05-10 | 270,738 |
| 2014-05-17 | 287,398 |
| 2014-05-24 | 275,412 |
| 2014-05-31 | 264,133 |
| 2014-06-07 | 313,371 |
| 2014-06-14 | 301,195 |
| 2014-06-21 | 305,029 |
| 2014-06-28 | 305,791 |
| 2014-07-05 | 322,753 |
| 2014-07-12 | 370,559 |
| 2014-07-19 | 287,049 |
| 2014-07-26 | 257,625 |
| 2014-08-02 | 247,877 |
| 2014-08-09 | 269,468 |
| 2014-08-16 | 249,463 |
| 2014-08-23 | 249,006 |
| 2014-08-30 | 249,780 |
| 2014-09-06 | 234,755 |
| 2014-09-13 | 242,318 |
| 2014-09-20 | 239,780 |
| 2014-09-27 | 227,571 |
| 2014-10-04 | 257,545 |
| 2014-10-11 | 273,756 |
| 2014-10-18 | 256,166 |
| 2014-10-25 | 271,331 |
| 2014-11-01 | 266,921 |
| 2014-11-08 | 309,338 |
| 2014-11-15 | 286,115 |
| 2014-11-22 | 357,202 |
| 2014-11-29 | 294,389 |
| 2014-12-06 | 389,284 |
| 2014-12-13 | 327,827 |
| 2014-12-20 | 340,827 |
| 2014-12-27 | 389,757 |
| 2015-01-03 | 439,342 |
| 2015-01-10 | 529,685 |
| 2015-01-17 | 383,538 |
| 2015-01-24 | 281,885 |
| 2015-01-31 | 306,643 |
| 2015-02-07 | 324,158 |
| 2015-02-14 | 277,904 |
| 2015-02-21 | 280,639 |
| 2015-02-28 | 315,566 |
| 2015-03-07 | 277,925 |
| 2015-03-14 | 260,242 |
| 2015-03-21 | 248,032 |
| 2015-03-28 | 239,748 |
| 2015-04-04 | 253,533 |
| 2015-04-11 | 308,173 |
| 2015-04-18 | 279,797 |
| 2015-04-25 | 250,780 |
| 2015-05-02 | 236,421 |
| 2015-05-09 | 242,882 |
| 2015-05-16 | 243,612 |
| 2015-05-23 | 253,454 |
| 2015-05-30 | 230,676 |
| 2015-06-06 | 275,619 |
| 2015-06-13 | 258,764 |
| 2015-06-20 | 263,199 |
| 2015-06-27 | 274,646 |
| 2015-07-04 | 303,585 |
| 2015-07-11 | 344,471 |
| 2015-07-18 | 262,949 |
| 2015-07-25 | 230,314 |
| 2015-08-01 | 224,104 |
| 2015-08-08 | 239,326 |
| 2015-08-15 | 229,251 |
| 2015-08-22 | 226,649 |
| 2015-08-29 | 230,079 |
| 2015-09-05 | 232,507 |
| 2015-09-12 | 198,903 |
| 2015-09-19 | 219,342 |
| 2015-09-26 | 215,116 |
| 2015-10-03 | 227,176 |
| 2015-10-10 | 256,522 |
| 2015-10-17 | 232,860 |
| 2015-10-24 | 245,365 |
| 2015-10-31 | 258,440 |
| 2015-11-07 | 291,098 |
| 2015-11-14 | 264,816 |
| 2015-11-21 | 305,424 |
| 2015-11-28 | 262,628 |
| 2015-12-05 | 384,491 |
| 2015-12-12 | 313,276 |
| 2015-12-19 | 319,641 |
| 2015-12-26 | 346,542 |
| 2016-01-02 | 405,368 |
| 2016-01-09 | 502,904 |
| 2016-01-16 | 378,747 |
| 2016-01-23 | 295,936 |
| 2016-01-30 | 311,940 |
| 2016-02-06 | 290,796 |
| 2016-02-13 | 258,380 |
| 2016-02-20 | 248,870 |
| 2016-02-27 | 265,802 |
| 2016-03-05 | 247,628 |
| 2016-03-12 | 236,888 |
| 2016-03-19 | 230,882 |
| 2016-03-26 | 235,716 |
| 2016-04-02 | 245,035 |
| 2016-04-09 | 270,419 |
| 2016-04-16 | 242,400 |
| 2016-04-23 | 245,040 |
| 2016-04-30 | 243,392 |
| 2016-05-07 | 261,899 |
| 2016-05-14 | 244,869 |
| 2016-05-21 | 240,798 |
| 2016-05-28 | 246,740 |
| 2016-06-04 | 232,300 |
| 2016-06-11 | 266,277 |
| 2016-06-18 | 247,968 |
| 2016-06-25 | 263,662 |
| 2016-07-02 | 267,437 |
| 2016-07-09 | 298,673 |
| 2016-07-16 | 268,526 |
| 2016-07-23 | 231,925 |
| 2016-07-30 | 219,202 |
| 2016-08-06 | 231,542 |
| 2016-08-13 | 219,570 |
| 2016-08-20 | 217,011 |
| 2016-08-27 | 215,688 |
| 2016-09-03 | 217,715 |
| 2016-09-10 | 193,291 |
| 2016-09-17 | 205,649 |
| 2016-09-24 | 198,455 |
| 2016-10-01 | 200,456 |
| 2016-10-08 | 238,581 |
| 2016-10-15 | 233,633 |
| 2016-10-22 | 237,314 |
| 2016-10-29 | 245,751 |
| 2016-11-05 | 258,608 |
| 2016-11-12 | 223,770 |
| 2016-11-19 | 287,794 |
| 2016-11-26 | 249,774 |
| 2016-12-03 | 351,580 |
| 2016-12-10 | 305,268 |
| 2016-12-17 | 315,068 |
| 2016-12-24 | 343,213 |
| 2016-12-31 | 350,561 |
| 2017-01-07 | 414,742 |
| 2017-01-14 | 352,799 |
| 2017-01-21 | 284,030 |
| 2017-01-28 | 280,983 |
| 2017-02-04 | 259,713 |
| 2017-02-11 | 245,886 |
| 2017-02-18 | 239,322 |
| 2017-02-25 | 212,829 |
| 2017-03-04 | 243,959 |
| 2017-03-11 | 222,227 |
| 2017-03-18 | 224,693 |
| 2017-03-25 | 228,269 |
| 2017-04-01 | 208,347 |
| 2017-04-08 | 239,823 |
| 2017-04-15 | 225,864 |
| 2017-04-22 | 241,611 |
| 2017-04-29 | 210,955 |
| 2017-05-06 | 215,040 |
| 2017-05-13 | 206,905 |
| 2017-05-20 | 210,544 |
| 2017-05-27 | 232,138 |
| 2017-06-03 | 212,696 |
| 2017-06-10 | 234,652 |
| 2017-06-17 | 228,883 |
| 2017-06-24 | 239,635 |
| 2017-07-01 | 252,886 |
| 2017-07-08 | 284,329 |
| 2017-07-15 | 257,763 |
| 2017-07-22 | 220,455 |
| 2017-07-29 | 198,776 |
| 2017-08-05 | 211,924 |
| 2017-08-12 | 198,280 |
| 2017-08-19 | 195,130 |
| 2017-08-26 | 196,227 |
| 2017-09-02 | 250,627 |
| 2017-09-09 | 211,923 |
| 2017-09-16 | 212,313 |
| 2017-09-23 | 212,987 |
| 2017-09-30 | 204,180 |
| 2017-10-07 | 229,241 |
| 2017-10-14 | 205,592 |
| 2017-10-21 | 216,004 |
| 2017-10-28 | 215,977 |
| 2017-11-04 | 242,111 |
| 2017-11-11 | 236,654 |
| 2017-11-18 | 275,004 |
| 2017-11-25 | 224,851 |
| 2017-12-02 | 326,052 |
| 2017-12-09 | 282,055 |
| 2017-12-16 | 287,479 |
| 2017-12-23 | 325,180 |
| 2017-12-30 | 351,500 |
| 2018-01-06 | 403,930 |
| 2018-01-13 | 354,708 |
| 2018-01-20 | 260,432 |
| 2018-01-27 | 268,197 |
| 2018-02-03 | 243,422 |
| 2018-02-10 | 233,252 |
| 2018-02-17 | 212,609 |
| 2018-02-24 | 196,294 |
| 2018-03-03 | 225,893 |
| 2018-03-10 | 205,185 |
| 2018-03-17 | 198,649 |
| 2018-03-24 | 195,433 |
| 2018-03-31 | 201,057 |
| 2018-04-07 | 231,759 |
| 2018-04-14 | 226,090 |
| 2018-04-21 | 200,139 |
| 2018-04-28 | 186,451 |
| 2018-05-05 | 190,262 |
| 2018-05-12 | 195,214 |
| 2018-05-19 | 207,043 |
| 2018-05-26 | 202,846 |
| 2018-06-02 | 191,523 |
| 2018-06-09 | 217,289 |
| 2018-06-16 | 206,023 |
| 2018-06-23 | 222,766 |
| 2018-06-30 | 231,539 |
| 2018-07-07 | 264,869 |
| 2018-07-14 | 232,238 |
| 2018-07-21 | 201,288 |
| 2018-07-28 | 179,880 |
| 2018-08-04 | 185,174 |
| 2018-08-11 | 180,038 |
| 2018-08-18 | 173,331 |
| 2018-08-25 | 175,745 |
| 2018-09-01 | 173,607 |
| 2018-09-08 | 162,640 |
| 2018-09-15 | 173,624 |
| 2018-09-22 | 172,930 |
| 2018-09-29 | 171,816 |
| 2018-10-06 | 193,936 |
| 2018-10-13 | 190,501 |
| 2018-10-20 | 198,733 |
| 2018-10-27 | 198,530 |
| 2018-11-03 | 214,814 |
| 2018-11-10 | 235,981 |
| 2018-11-17 | 226,576 |
| 2018-11-24 | 218,658 |
| 2018-12-01 | 317,936 |
| 2018-12-08 | 261,525 |
| 2018-12-15 | 255,195 |
| 2018-12-22 | 291,581 |
| 2018-12-29 | 327,388 |
| 2019-01-05 | 350,681 |
| 2019-01-12 | 343,678 |
| 2019-01-19 | 269,369 |
| 2019-01-26 | 250,580 |
| 2019-02-02 | 254,263 |
| 2019-02-09 | 242,762 |
| 2019-02-16 | 210,679 |
| 2019-02-23 | 203,049 |
| 2019-03-02 | 220,540 |
| 2019-03-09 | 209,302 |
| 2019-03-16 | 194,335 |
| 2019-03-23 | 190,023 |
| 2019-03-30 | 183,775 |
| 2019-04-06 | 196,071 |
| 2019-04-13 | 196,364 |
| 2019-04-20 | 211,762 |
| 2019-04-27 | 204,755 |
| 2019-05-04 | 204,033 |
| 2019-05-11 | 188,264 |
| 2019-05-18 | 191,931 |
| 2019-05-25 | 198,194 |
| 2019-06-01 | 189,577 |
| 2019-06-08 | 220,186 |
| 2019-06-15 | 205,921 |
| 2019-06-22 | 225,819 |
| 2019-06-29 | 224,565 |
| 2019-07-06 | 231,995 |
| 2019-07-13 | 243,621 |
| 2019-07-20 | 196,382 |
| 2019-07-27 | 178,897 |
| 2019-08-03 | 179,879 |
| 2019-08-10 | 186,914 |
| 2019-08-17 | 171,386 |
| 2019-08-24 | 176,867 |
| 2019-08-31 | 179,516 |
| 2019-09-07 | 160,342 |
| 2019-09-14 | 173,134 |
| 2019-09-21 | 175,394 |
| 2019-09-28 | 172,968 |
| 2019-10-05 | 188,106 |
| 2019-10-12 | 201,677 |
| 2019-10-19 | 186,748 |
| 2019-10-26 | 198,733 |
| 2019-11-02 | 205,625 |
| 2019-11-09 | 238,996 |
| 2019-11-16 | 227,892 |
| 2019-11-23 | 252,428 |
| 2019-11-30 | 216,827 |
| 2019-12-07 | 317,866 |
| 2019-12-14 | 270,547 |
| 2019-12-21 | 287,243 |
| 2019-12-28 | 312,524 |
| 2020-01-04 | 335,480 |
| 2020-01-11 | 338,550 |
| 2020-01-18 | 282,088 |
| 2020-01-25 | 229,002 |
| 2020-02-01 | 224,664 |
| 2020-02-08 | 219,601 |
| 2020-02-15 | 209,336 |
| 2020-02-22 | 199,278 |
| 2020-02-29 | 216,982 |
| 2020-03-07 | 200,382 |
| 2020-03-14 | 251,416 |
| 2020-03-21 | 2,920,162 |
| 2020-03-28 | 6,015,821 |
| 2020-04-04 | 6,211,406 |
| 2020-04-11 | 4,965,046 |
| 2020-04-18 | 4,281,648 |
| 2020-04-25 | 3,515,439 |
| 2020-05-02 | 2,855,560 |
| 2020-05-09 | 2,614,093 |
Note: Due to the scale of the chart and rapid increase in initial unemployment insurance (UI) claims, the initial UI claims for the last eight weeks appear to align vertically. These reports only include regular state unemployment insurance claims and do not include claims from the federal Pandemic Unemployment Assistance Program. Shaded areas denote recessions.
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Initial Claims [ICSA], retrieved from Department of Labor (DOL), https://www.dol.gov/ui/data.pdf and https://oui.doleta.gov/unemploy/claims.asp, May 14, 2020
Some good news is that regular state UI claims have declined in each of the last five weeks. Though last week’s number is still close to three times the worst week of the Great Recession, the improvement is welcome. However, regular state UI claims do not include people who applied for Pandemic Unemployment Assistance (PUA), the federal program that extends unemployment compensation coverage to many workers who are out of work because of the coronavirus but are not eligible for regular UI—people like independent contractors, gig workers, and people who had to leave their job to take care of a child whose school closed. It took quite some time for the PUA programs to get set up in most states, but they are now largely operational. The Department of Labor (DOL) reports that 3.4 million people had had PUA claims processed by April 25, and another 2.6 million have filed initial PUA claims on top of that.
Last Friday, the monthly employment situation report showed that the U.S. labor market saw a net decline of 20.5 million jobs between mid-March and mid-April. (Note, that number is not just layoffs where people filed for UI—it also accounts for a drop in hires, job losses where people didn’t file for UI, quits, and worker deaths.) The monthly employment numbers are from a survey that is taken mid-month. Today’s weekly UI claims numbers show that things have further deteriorated—drastically—since mid-April. An additional roughly 9.0 million people have applied for regular UI and 2.6 million have applied for PUA since that time. The May jobs number is going to be grim. And of course, workers aren’t just losing their jobs. Our health care system ties health insurance to work, so millions of workers have likely already lost their employer-provided health insurance.
As economic forecasts worsen, up to $1 trillion in federal aid to state and local governments could be needed by the end of 2021
Key takeaways:
- Congress should prioritize federal aid to state and local governments in the next relief and recovery legislation.
- New estimates show that the economic shock of the coronavirus could lead to a revenue shortfall of nearly $1 trillion by 2021 for state and local governments.
- Unemployment is forecast to be quite elevated even by the end of 2021, and so federal aid should continue as long as economic conditions warrant and not be set by arbitrary timelines.
As the next round of legislative relief and recovery packages are debated, federal aid to state and local governments has emerged as a high priority. This aid is absolutely crucial for avoiding a deep and prolonged recession.
The revenue shortfall facing state and local governments stemming from the collapse in economic activity—driven by the shock of the coronavirus—could reach nearly $1 trillion by the end of 2021. And even at the end of 2021, recent economic projections indicate that unless more relief and recovery is passed, the unemployment rate could still sit at just under 10%. In short, all facets of relief and recovery—including substantial aid to state and local governments—could well be needed for a long time, and their continuation should be tied explicitly to economic conditions and not to arbitrary timelines.
Tim Bartik at the Upjohn Institute has released updated projections of the revenue shortfall facing state and local governments. His projections are transparent and are largely based on estimated parameters from publicly available academic research. Bartik finds that if the recent projections for the path of the unemployment rate estimated by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) come to pass, state and local governments will be facing a revenue shortfall of nearly $1 trillion by the end of 2021.*
Updated state unemployment numbers: Large shares of the labor force have filed for unemployment in every state
The Department of Labor released the most recent unemployment insurance (UI) claims data yesterday, showing that another 2.8 million people filed for unemployment last week (not seasonally adjusted). In the past seven weeks, more than 30 million workers applied for UI benefits across the country, or nearly one in five workers.
Despite most states seeing a decline in UI claims filed relative to last week, six states saw increases in UI claims. Maine saw the largest percent increase in claims (111.1%) compared with the prior week, followed by Maryland (72.1%), New Mexico (38.9%), Oklahoma (30.0%), New Jersey (21.6%), and Connecticut (9.5%).
After California, Texas residents filed the second most UI claims last week, followed by Georgia. This comes after several states have allowed restaurants and similar businesses to reopen, including many in the South and Midwest, indicating that state policymakers are risking a greater outbreak with very little of the economic benefits they had expected.
Figure A and Table 1 below compare UI claims filed last week with the prior week and the pre-virus period, in both level and percent terms. It also shows the cumulative number of unemployment claims since March 7 and that number as a share of each state’s labor force. In three states, almost a third of the workforce filed an initial claim during the past two months: Kentucky (32.3%), Hawaii (31.7%), and Georgia (31.1%).
The pandemic sparked more appreciation for teachers, but will it give them a voice in education and their working conditions?
This year’s National Teacher Appreciation Week is happening under the unprecedented hardships that the COVID-19 pandemic has imposed on us. The health emergency forced the closing of schools all over the country, sending over 55 million K-12 students and about four million teachers home for the remainder of the school year.
But amidst the pain so many are enduring is a bright spot: Some teachers feel the appreciation is deeper than ever before.
With so much at stakes in the aftermath of this crisis, this can be an opportunity to turn that appreciation into the fuel that will finally restore the prestige of the teaching profession and improve teachers’ working conditions.
Overnight, the pandemic imposed a radical switch to remote teaching and learning that many hoped would be temporary. We soon learned, however, the school closings would last indefinitely as the country coped with the most severe worldwide public health crisis of our lifetimes complete with dramatic economic consequences.
With the support from parents and communities, teachers and students are carrying on with their respective endeavors as well as they can. In watching them, we’re all reminded of what learning and teaching entails: the mysteries embedded in each of the subjects, the lectures, the assignments, the projects, the questions, among so many others. But we’ve also realized that teaching goes beyond these day-in-and-day-out activities in the countless moments when we saw teachers go beyond the call of duty.Read more
What to watch on jobs day: Job losses in April may set U.S. employment levels back 20 years
- Job losses in the last two months likely set us back two decades.
- Aggregate weekly work hours will continue to fall precipitously.
- Don’t be misled by stronger-than-expected nominal wage growth.
- The unemployment rate will exceed the high-water mark in the Great Recession. Black unemployment could hit 20% in April.
- The employment-to-population ratio, or the share of the population with a job, will drop sharply.
On Friday, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will release the latest monthly employment situation report for April and, based on the weekly numbers of workers who’ve applied for unemployment insurance, the labor market losses will be enormous. Last month’s report was just the tip of the iceberg of the labor market devastation experienced across the country over the last several weeks. By the reference week for the April report, an astounding 24.4 million workers had applied for claims. At the same time, millions more have been unsuccessful at filing claims either because they couldn’t get through or found the process too difficult.
Workers have been laid off, furloughed, or have needed to leave their jobs for COVID-19-related reasons. Because of the uncertainty in how many workers have lost their jobs and how they will be counted in the latest statistics—and uncertainty about how many workers have not been hired because job openings have dried up in this crisis—there are a wide range of projections for what we will see on Friday.
Here, I’m going to unpack a few of the key statistics and speculate on just how deep and wide-reaching this recession already is for workers across the economy.
Nearly one in five workers applied for state unemployment insurance benefits in the last seven weeks: Congress must act to mitigate harm from unprecedented joblessness
A previously unimaginable number of workers have applied for state unemployment insurance (UI) benefits as a result of the coronavirus shock. In the last seven weeks alone, more than 30 million workers have applied for unemployment compensation. That is nearly one in five workers. And it is nearly five times the worst seven-week stretch of the Great Recession.
These figures do not include people who applied for Pandemic Unemployment Assistance (PUA), the new federal program that extends unemployment compensation coverage to many workers who are not eligible for regular UI but are nevertheless out of work as a result of the virus—people like independent contractors, gig workers, and people who had to leave their job to take care of a child whose school closed. It took a while for the PUA programs to get set up, but they are now operational in many states. With today’s data release, the Department of Labor (DOL) began providing PUA claims numbers, reporting that nearly a million people had had PUA claims processed by April 18, and at least another 1.4 million had filed PUA claims since that time.
It is worth noting that the DOL reports that 33.5 million workers applied for regular state unemployment compensation during the last seven weeks on a “seasonally adjusted” basis, compared with 30.7 million on an unadjusted basis. Seasonal adjustments are usually helpful—they are used to even out seasonal changes in claims that have nothing to do with the underlying strength or weakness of the labor market, typically providing a clearer picture of underlying trends. However, the way DOL does seasonal adjustments is distortionary at a time like this, so I focus on unadjusted numbers here.
Congress must include worker protections in the next coronavirus relief bill: We need an Essential Workers Bill of Rights
In response to the coronavirus pandemic, Congress has now passed four separate relief and recovery measures allocating trillions of dollars in aid, but none have provided meaningful protections to working people. Workers continue to be required to work without protective gear. Sick workers continue to lack access to paid sick leave. And when workers try and speak up for themselves and each other, they are fired. Workers are dying as a result.
Even a global pandemic has not been enough for policymakers to place the needs of working people ahead of corporate interests. As Congress turns its attention to another relief and recovery package, it must prioritize policies and investments that help working families mitigate the economic and public health disaster they are experiencing.
In the last six weeks, nearly 28 million workers have applied for unemployment insurance (UI). That is more than one in six workers and over five times the worst period of the Great Recession. All else equal, this level of job loss would translate into an unemployment rate of 20.5%. Further, 12.7 million workers have likely lost their employer-provided health insurance since the beginning of the pandemic.
Congress must act and pass legislation that is responsive to the magnitude of this crisis and direct assistance to the tens of millions of working families most impacted by the public health and economic emergencies.
The Essential Workers Bill of Rights, introduced by Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) and Rep. Ro Khanna (D-Calif.), would provide front-line workers—including nurses, grocery and drug store workers, janitors, public transit workers, child care workers, and postal workers—the protections they need while providing essential services during the coronavirus pandemic. The following are key worker protections that should be included in the next coronavirus relief bill.
The extra $600 in unemployment insurance has been the best response yet to the economic shock of the coronavirus and should be extended
The CARES Act, the $2 trillion-plus package to provide economic relief and recovery from the coronavirus shock in early April was, for many reasons, deeply imperfect. But the modifications the CARES Act made to the nation’s unemployment insurance (UI) system are an utterly crucial lifeline for tens of millions of American workers. Besides temporarily expanding the eligibility criteria for who qualifies for unemployment benefits through the end of the year and providing an additional 13 weeks of state UI benefits, the CARES Act also provided an extra $600 per week in UI payments through the end of July.
This $600 top-up has been fiercely criticized by some since the Act passed—e.g., Senator Lindsey Graham (R-S.C.) stated that it would be extended past July only “over our dead bodies”—but the criticism is either ill-informed or in bad faith. The extra $600 has been by far the most effective part our economic policy response to the coronavirus shock. It is likely improving—not degrading—labor market efficiency, and we should build on this and make the nation’s unemployment insurance system well-resourced and far more generous even in normal times.
The history of how a flat $600 in additional UI benefits was agreed upon by policymakers is straightforward, if depressing. In normal times, these benefits are stingy, typically replacing between one-third and one-half of a typical worker’s weekly wage. For decades, too many economists and policymakers have labored under a number of wrong preconceptions about the labor market, and one of the most damaging was that decent jobs were plentiful and easy to get, and the only thing keeping potential workers out of these jobs for any stretch of time was workers’ own motivation, which could be sapped if benefits were too generous. It was the old and dumb idea that the U.S. social safety net—despite being by far the stingiest in the advanced world—had become a too-comfortable “hammock.” (For what it’s worth, the evidence from the aftermath of the Great Recession reveals that extended UI benefits had little or no effect on whether a worker found a job—meaning it wasn’t UI benefits that were keeping workers out of work—it was a lack of demand for workers.)
The economic shock of the coronavirus was an event so obviously unrelated to the motivations of individual workers that policymakers were willing to substantially (if temporarily) increase the generosity of unemployment benefits. Our preference would have been for a 100% replacement rate up to a quite generous maximum benefit. But decades of disinvestment in the administrative capacity of state UI offices left them incapable of flexibly calculating each new applicant’s benefit amount with a 100% replacement rate. (Case in point: most offices are still using the 1970s-era programming language COBOL to run their computers). State offices are capable of administering a flat-rate increase, however. So, policymakers in Congress came up with a smart and compassionate second-best solution of picking a flat-rate boost to benefits that would leave the average worker (and most workers overall) with 100% of their pre-crisis earnings.
But the necessity of the one-size-fits-all approach means that workers who earned less than the average worker before the crisis will receive benefits that are somewhat higher than 100% of their previous wage. Many conservatives claim this is somehow an economic disaster. They’re wrong—it’s actually great.
Thank you, D.C. Board of Elections, for making voting easier: I dedicate my favorite rap song to you
As I awoke today, preparing myself for another workday by listening to music, one of my favorite songs “Foldin Clothes” by J. Cole had me “feeling like best version of me so happy,” just one of the great lyrics from the rap song.
Why was I so happy? I got an email from the D.C. Board of Elections describing voting procedures that were much easier than in my home state of Louisiana, which recently passed an election plan that limits who has access to mail-in ballots. The email invited me, a new resident to Washington, to request a mail-in ballot for the 2020 election cycle which could be done one of six ways: online, email, fax, mail, phone, or in person.
Anyone who knows me knows I love to talk about voting. My dissertation examined the history of voting in America, including how the ghosts of lynchings still suppress the black vote in this country today. With all that’s going on to suppress minorities from voting—most recently the outrage of the Supreme Court’s refusal to extend the deadline for mail-in voting in Wisconsin in the middle of the pandemic—it’s been exhausting to keep beating the voting rights drum.
Every time I mention the importance of updating our voting methods, I am met with opposition. “You want people to vote by mail?! ONLINE?! There is no way it can be done securely,” many say. Regardless of the evidence I’ve provided that it has already been done securely in several states, people still resist the idea of adding more voting options nationally.
Well, turns out it’s not that difficult after all. D.C., which has had its own voting issues, is trying to make the process easier.
So, I’m dedicating “Foldin Clothes” to the D.C. elections leadership because they’re “doing the right thing.” I was able to download the Vote 4 DC app and it “felt so much better than doing the wrong thing” of not using the latest technology to make voting more accessible. To my surprise, this app allowed me to request a mail-in-ballot in less than two minutes! Having several options to request a ballot, including online options, “saved me some time and alleviated stress from my mind” of having to vote in person during a pandemic.