Every month, the Bureau of Labor Statistics releases a report on the employment situation for the previous month. Their release includes data on job growth, unemployment, and wage growth, which gives us a snapshot of the health of the economy and whether it’s working for ordinary Americans.
Economic Indicators Jobs and unemployment
Key numbers • October
6.9%
National unemployment rate
638,000
Net jobs in October
76.0%
Share of prime working-age population with a job
4.5%
Average nominal wage growth since October 2019
October
Jobs report: October jobs report: Next president inherits a devastated economy with millions out of work
As the nation continues to be consumed with the election—which Joe Biden appears poised to win—millions of people across the country remain out of work. The latest data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics show that 638,000 jobs were added in October, a continued slowdown in job growth. The U.S. economy is still down 10 million jobs from where it was in February, before the pandemic hit. Using average monthly job growth over the year ending February 2020 as the counterfactual, the jobs deficit is over 11.6 million. In other words, that’s 10.0 million fewer jobs we have than in February, plus nearly 1.6 million jobs we would have added if the recession hadn’t occurred.
Even without the 147,000 loss in temporary Census employment in October, the economy added only 785,000 jobs. At this pace, it will take years for the U.S. economy to fully recover. With long-term unemployment on the rise and little hope for additional relief, workers and their families do not have years to keep their heads above water. As the winter approaches and COVID-19 cases continue to rise, millions of people across the country will be left out in the cold. Unlike his predecessor, the incoming Biden administration will inherit a devastated labor market that will need considerable relief and stimulus—quickly.
Key numbers from today’s report:
- Long-term unemployment (27 weeks and over) continues to rise, increasing by 1.2 million in October. With the expiration of enhanced (PUA) and extended (PEUC) unemployment insurance benefits set to expire on December 26, it is clear that more pain is on the horizon for these workers and their families. Policymakers have the power to reduce that pain by provided enhanced benefits and further extensions.
- The unemployment rate for Black workers remains higher than the peak of the overall unemployment rate in the Great Recession. In October, Black unemployment improved but remains elevated at 10.8%. White unemployment is now at 6.0%, while Hispanic and Asian unemployment both declined to 8.8% and 7.6%, respectively.
- The employment-to-population ratio (EPOP) of workers across demographic groups remains depressed. In particularly, the EPOP for Black men and Black women as well as Hispanic women remains over 6 percentage points lower than in February. White men and white women have much less distance to travel to return to pre-pandemic employment levels, down 3.4 and 3.3 percentage points, respectively.
- State and local employment continues to decline, falling 130,000 in October. The labor market is down 1.3 million state and local government jobs over the last eight months—most of it (more than 1.0 million) in education. Austerity stifled the recovery from the Great Recession. We must not make that mistake again. Senate Republicans could fix this immediately by stopping their blocking of aid to state and local governments.
- The data show that it is far from true that “everyone” is working from home because of the pandemic. Only 21.2% of employed people report having teleworked or worked at home in the last four weeks because of the pandemic—less than one in four workers.
- The decline in unemployment in October came almost entirely from those who had been temporarily laid off. The number of workers who had been permanently laid off (or completed temporary jobs) ticked up, from 4.50 million to 4.51 million. This does not bode well for the pace of the recovery.
Policymakers cannot ignore the economic devastation happening to workers and their families across the country. The hopes of a quick recovery have long since been dashed, but swift action can lessen the continued hardship faced.
Charting jobs and unemployment
At this rate of job growth, the economy is years away from a full recovery: Monthly change in payroll employment, January 2020–October 2020
| Date | Change in Employment |
|---|---|
| Jan-2020 | 214 |
| Feb-2020 | 251 |
| Mar-2020 | -1,373 |
| Apr-2020 | -20,787 |
| May-2020 | 2,725 |
| Jun-2020 | 4,781 |
| Jul-2020 | 1,761 |
| Aug-2020 | 1,493 |
| Sep-2020 | 672 |
| Oct-2020 | 638 |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Employment Statistics public data series
Employment change by industry, 8–month net change: All employees (thousands), seasonally adjusted, October 2020
| Industry | Employment change, 8-month change |
|---|---|
| Leisure and hospitality | -3486 |
| Education and health services | -1326 |
| Government | -1216 |
| Professional and business services | -1149 |
| Manufacturing | -621 |
| Retail trade | -499 |
| Other services | -436 |
| Wholesale trade | -304 |
| Construction | -294 |
| Transportation and warehousing | -271 |
| Information | -262 |
| Financial activities | -129 |
| Mining and logging | -92 |
| Utilities | -7 |
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics' (BLS) Current Employment Statistics, Establishment Survey (CES) public data series.
Workers are experiencing longer and longer periods of unemployment: Number of workers at each level of unemployment duration, by month, February 2020–October 2020
| Date | Less than 5 weeks | 5–14 weeks | 15–26 Weeks | 27 weeks and over |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feb | 2,013 | 1,803 | 825 | 1,102 |
| Mar | 3,542 | 1,794 | 808 | 1,164 |
| April | 14,283 | 7,004 | 833 | 939 |
| May | 3,875 | 14,814 | 1,078 | 1,164 |
| Jun | 2,838 | 11,496 | 1,903 | 1,391 |
| Jul | 3,202 | 5,169 | 6,484 | 1,501 |
| Aug | 2,281 | 3,134 | 6,517 | 1,624 |
| Sep | 2,552 | 2,732 | 4,918 | 2,405 |
| Oct | 2,500 | 2,275 | 2,617 | 3,556 |
Note: Data are seasonally adjusted.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Population Survey public data series.
Unemployment rate of workers age 16 and older by race and ethnicity, 1995–2020
| date | White | Black | Hispanic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan-1995 | 4.8% | 10.3% | 10.2% |
| Feb-1995 | 4.7% | 10.1% | 9.0% |
| Mar-1995 | 4.7% | 9.7% | 8.9% |
| Apr-1995 | 5.0% | 10.7% | 8.9% |
| May-1995 | 5.0% | 10.0% | 9.8% |
| Jun-1995 | 4.9% | 10.7% | 9.1% |
| Jul-1995 | 4.9% | 10.9% | 8.8% |
| Aug-1995 | 4.9% | 11.1% | 9.6% |
| Sep-1995 | 4.9% | 11.1% | 9.1% |
| Oct-1995 | 4.9% | 10.0% | 9.4% |
| Nov-1995 | 5.0% | 9.7% | 9.5% |
| Dec-1995 | 4.9% | 10.2% | 9.3% |
| Jan-1996 | 4.9% | 10.6% | 9.4% |
| Feb-1996 | 4.8% | 10.0% | 9.6% |
| Mar-1996 | 4.8% | 10.6% | 9.6% |
| Apr-1996 | 4.8% | 10.7% | 9.6% |
| May-1996 | 4.9% | 10.2% | 9.6% |
| Jun-1996 | 4.6% | 10.4% | 8.8% |
| Jul-1996 | 4.7% | 10.6% | 8.8% |
| Aug-1996 | 4.4% | 10.6% | 8.8% |
| Sep-1996 | 4.5% | 10.6% | 8.2% |
| Oct-1996 | 4.5% | 10.7% | 8.0% |
| Nov-1996 | 4.6% | 10.6% | 8.5% |
| Dec-1996 | 4.6% | 10.5% | 7.4% |
| Jan-1997 | 4.5% | 10.8% | 8.4% |
| Feb-1997 | 4.5% | 10.7% | 8.2% |
| Mar-1997 | 4.4% | 10.5% | 8.3% |
| Apr-1997 | 4.3% | 10.2% | 8.2% |
| May-1997 | 4.1% | 10.3% | 7.7% |
| Jun-1997 | 4.2% | 10.8% | 7.5% |
| Jul-1997 | 4.2% | 9.5% | 7.9% |
| Aug-1997 | 4.2% | 9.4% | 7.2% |
| Sep-1997 | 4.2% | 9.5% | 7.4% |
| Oct-1997 | 4.1% | 9.5% | 7.8% |
| Nov-1997 | 3.9% | 9.5% | 7.0% |
| Dec-1997 | 3.9% | 10.0% | 7.3% |
| Jan-1998 | 4.0% | 9.4% | 7.1% |
| Feb-1998 | 3.9% | 9.3% | 6.9% |
| Mar-1998 | 4.0% | 9.2% | 6.9% |
| Apr-1998 | 3.7% | 9.1% | 6.7% |
| May-1998 | 3.8% | 8.9% | 6.9% |
| Jun-1998 | 3.9% | 8.8% | 7.4% |
| Jul-1998 | 3.8% | 9.5% | 7.3% |
| Aug-1998 | 3.9% | 8.8% | 7.4% |
| Sep-1998 | 3.9% | 9.1% | 7.3% |
| Oct-1998 | 3.9% | 8.6% | 7.2% |
| Nov-1998 | 3.8% | 8.6% | 7.1% |
| Dec-1998 | 3.8% | 7.7% | 7.7% |
| Jan-1999 | 3.8% | 7.8% | 6.7% |
| Feb-1999 | 3.8% | 8.2% | 6.7% |
| Mar-1999 | 3.6% | 8.0% | 5.8% |
| Apr-1999 | 3.8% | 7.8% | 7.0% |
| May-1999 | 3.7% | 7.4% | 6.7% |
| Jun-1999 | 3.8% | 7.7% | 6.6% |
| Jul-1999 | 3.7% | 8.7% | 6.5% |
| Aug-1999 | 3.7% | 7.7% | 6.5% |
| Sep-1999 | 3.6% | 8.5% | 6.7% |
| Oct-1999 | 3.5% | 8.4% | 6.4% |
| Nov-1999 | 3.5% | 8.0% | 6.0% |
| Dec-1999 | 3.5% | 7.8% | 5.8% |
| Jan-2000 | 3.4% | 8.2% | 5.6% |
| Feb-2000 | 3.6% | 8.1% | 5.7% |
| Mar-2000 | 3.5% | 7.4% | 6.1% |
| Apr-2000 | 3.4% | 7% | 5.5% |
| May-2000 | 3.5% | 7.7% | 5.8% |
| Jun-2000 | 3.4% | 7.8% | 5.6% |
| Jul-2000 | 3.5% | 7.7% | 5.8% |
| Aug-2000 | 3.6% | 7.9% | 5.9% |
| Sep-2000 | 3.5% | 7.3% | 5.8% |
| Oct-2000 | 3.4% | 7.3% | 5.1% |
| Nov-2000 | 3.5% | 7.3% | 6.0% |
| Dec-2000 | 3.5% | 7.4% | 5.7% |
| Jan-2001 | 3.6% | 8.2% | 5.8% |
| Feb-2001 | 3.7% | 7.7% | 6.1% |
| Mar-2001 | 3.7% | 8.3% | 6.2% |
| Apr-2001 | 3.9% | 8.0% | 6.4% |
| May-2001 | 3.8% | 7.9% | 6.3% |
| Jun-2001 | 4.0% | 8.3% | 6.6% |
| Jul-2001 | 4.0% | 8.0% | 6.2% |
| Aug-2001 | 4.3% | 9.1% | 6.5% |
| Sep-2001 | 4.3% | 8.9% | 6.7% |
| Oct-2001 | 4.7% | 9.5% | 7.1% |
| Nov-2001 | 4.9% | 9.8% | 7.3% |
| Dec-2001 | 5.1% | 10.1% | 7.7% |
| Jan-2002 | 5.1% | 10.0% | 7.8% |
| Feb-2002 | 5.0% | 9.9% | 7.0% |
| Mar-2002 | 5.0% | 10.5% | 7.5% |
| Apr-2002 | 5.2% | 10.7% | 8.0% |
| May-2002 | 5.1% | 10.2% | 7.1% |
| Jun-2002 | 5.1% | 10.5% | 7.4% |
| Jul-2002 | 5.2% | 9.8% | 7.4% |
| Aug-2002 | 5.1% | 9.8% | 7.5% |
| Sep-2002 | 5.1% | 9.7% | 7.4% |
| Oct-2002 | 5.1% | 9.8% | 7.9% |
| Nov-2002 | 5.1% | 10.7% | 7.8% |
| Dec-2002 | 5.1% | 11.3% | 7.9% |
| Jan-2003 | 5.2% | 10.5% | 7.9% |
| Feb-2003 | 5.1% | 10.7% | 7.7% |
| Mar-2003 | 5.1% | 10.3% | 7.8% |
| Apr-2003 | 5.3% | 10.9% | 7.6% |
| May-2003 | 5.4% | 10.9% | 8.0% |
| Jun-2003 | 5.5% | 11.5% | 8.3% |
| Jul-2003 | 5.4% | 10.9% | 8.0% |
| Aug-2003 | 5.4% | 10.9% | 7.7% |
| Sep-2003 | 5.3% | 11.1% | 7.3% |
| Oct-2003 | 5.1% | 11.4% | 7.5% |
| Nov-2003 | 5.2% | 10.2% | 7.4% |
| Dec-2003 | 5.0% | 10.1% | 6.7% |
| Jan-2004 | 5.0% | 10.4% | 7.3% |
| Feb-2004 | 4.9% | 9.7% | 7.4% |
| Mar-2004 | 5.1% | 10.3% | 7.6% |
| Apr-2004 | 5.0% | 9.8% | 7.1% |
| May-2004 | 4.9% | 10.1% | 6.9% |
| Jun-2004 | 5.0% | 10.2% | 6.6% |
| Jul-2004 | 4.7% | 11.0% | 6.8% |
| Aug-2004 | 4.7% | 10.5% | 6.8% |
| Sep-2004 | 4.6% | 10.3% | 6.8% |
| Oct-2004 | 4.6% | 10.8% | 6.8% |
| Nov-2004 | 4.6% | 10.7% | 6.7% |
| Dec-2004 | 4.5% | 10.7% | 6.6% |
| Jan-2005 | 4.5% | 10.6% | 6.0% |
| Feb-2005 | 4.6% | 10.9% | 6.3% |
| Mar-2005 | 4.5% | 10.5% | 5.8% |
| Apr-2005 | 4.4% | 10.3% | 6.4% |
| May-2005 | 4.4% | 10.1% | 6.0% |
| Jun-2005 | 4.3% | 10.2% | 5.7% |
| Jul-2005 | 4.2% | 9.2% | 5.5% |
| Aug-2005 | 4.2% | 9.7% | 5.8% |
| Sep-2005 | 4.4% | 9.4% | 6.4% |
| Oct-2005 | 4.4% | 9.1% | 6.0% |
| Nov-2005 | 4.3% | 10.6% | 6.1% |
| Dec-2005 | 4.2% | 9.2% | 6.1% |
| Jan-2006 | 4.1% | 8.9% | 5.5% |
| Feb-2006 | 4.1% | 9.5% | 5.4% |
| Mar-2006 | 4.0% | 9.5% | 5.2% |
| Apr-2006 | 4.1% | 9.4% | 5.5% |
| May-2006 | 4.1% | 8.7% | 5.0% |
| Jun-2006 | 4.1% | 8.9% | 5.2% |
| Jul-2006 | 4.1% | 9.5% | 5.2% |
| Aug-2006 | 4.1% | 8.8% | 5.3% |
| Sep-2006 | 3.9% | 9.0% | 5.5% |
| Oct-2006 | 3.9% | 8.4% | 4.8% |
| Nov-2006 | 4.0% | 8.5% | 5.1% |
| Dec-2006 | 3.9% | 8.3% | 5.0% |
| Jan-2007 | 4.2% | 7.9% | 5.5% |
| Feb-2007 | 4.1% | 8.0% | 5.1% |
| Mar-2007 | 3.8% | 8.4% | 5.0% |
| Apr-2007 | 4.0% | 8.3% | 5.6% |
| May-2007 | 3.9% | 8.3% | 5.8% |
| Jun-2007 | 4.1% | 8.5% | 5.5% |
| Jul-2007 | 4.2% | 8.1% | 5.9% |
| Aug-2007 | 4.2% | 7.6% | 5.5% |
| Sep-2007 | 4.2% | 8.0% | 5.9% |
| Oct-2007 | 4.1% | 8.5% | 5.7% |
| Nov-2007 | 4.2% | 8.5% | 5.9% |
| Dec-2007 | 4.4% | 9.0% | 6.3% |
| Jan-2008 | 4.4% | 9.1% | 6.3% |
| Feb-2008 | 4.4% | 8.4% | 6.2% |
| Mar-2008 | 4.5% | 9.2% | 6.9% |
| Apr-2008 | 4.4% | 8.6% | 7.1% |
| May-2008 | 4.8% | 9.6% | 6.9% |
| Jun-2008 | 5.0% | 9.4% | 7.6% |
| Jul-2008 | 5.2% | 10.0% | 7.5% |
| Aug-2008 | 5.4% | 10.6% | 8.0% |
| Sep-2008 | 5.4% | 11.3% | 8.0% |
| Oct-2008 | 5.9% | 11.4% | 8.8% |
| Nov-2008 | 6.2% | 11.5% | 8.7% |
| Dec-2008 | 6.7% | 12.1% | 9.4% |
| Jan-2009 | 7.1% | 12.7% | 10.1% |
| Feb-2009 | 7.6% | 13.7% | 11.3% |
| Mar-2009 | 8.0% | 13.7% | 11.7% |
| Apr-2009 | 8.1% | 15.0% | 11.4% |
| May-2009 | 8.5% | 15.0% | 12.3% |
| Jun-2009 | 8.7% | 14.8% | 12.1% |
| Jul-2009 | 8.7% | 14.8% | 12.5% |
| Aug-2009 | 8.9% | 16.8% | 13.0% |
| Sep-2009 | 8.9% | 15.3% | 12.6% |
| Oct-2009 | 9.2% | 15.8% | 12.8% |
| Nov-2009 | 9.2% | 15.7% | 12.4% |
| Dec-2009 | 9.0% | 16.1% | 12.8% |
| Jan-2010 | 8.8% | 16.5% | 12.9% |
| Feb-2010 | 8.9% | 16.1% | 12.7% |
| Mar-2010 | 8.9% | 16.8% | 13% |
| Apr-2010 | 9.0% | 16.6% | 12.5% |
| May-2010 | 8.7% | 15.5% | 12.0% |
| Jun-2010 | 8.6% | 15.2% | 12.3% |
| Jul-2010 | 8.5% | 15.6% | 12.2% |
| Aug-2010 | 8.6% | 15.9% | 12.0% |
| Sep-2010 | 8.6% | 16.0% | 12.3% |
| Oct-2010 | 8.6% | 15.6% | 12.3% |
| Nov-2010 | 8.9% | 16.2% | 12.9% |
| Dec-2010 | 8.5% | 15.5% | 12.9% |
| Jan-2011 | 8.1% | 15.8% | 12.3% |
| Feb-2011 | 8.1% | 15.5% | 11.8% |
| Mar-2011 | 8.0% | 15.8% | 11.6% |
| Apr-2011 | 8.1% | 16.5% | 11.9% |
| May-2011 | 7.9% | 16.3% | 11.6% |
| Jun-2011 | 8.1% | 16.2% | 11.5% |
| Jul-2011 | 8.0% | 15.9% | 11.2% |
| Aug-2011 | 7.9% | 16.4% | 11.2% |
| Sep-2011 | 7.9% | 15.9% | 11.2% |
| Oct-2011 | 7.9% | 14.6% | 11.3% |
| Nov-2011 | 7.7% | 15.6% | 11.2% |
| Dec-2011 | 7.5% | 15.4% | 11.1% |
| Jan-2012 | 7.4% | 13.6% | 10.7% |
| Feb-2012 | 7.4% | 14.0% | 10.9% |
| Mar-2012 | 7.3% | 14.0% | 10.6% |
| Apr-2012 | 7.4% | 13.3% | 10.3% |
| May-2012 | 7.4% | 13.5% | 10.9% |
| Jun-2012 | 7.3% | 14.5% | 10.9% |
| Jul-2012 | 7.3% | 14.2% | 10.2% |
| Aug-2012 | 7.2% | 13.8% | 10.1% |
| Sep-2012 | 7.0% | 13.6% | 9.7% |
| Oct-2012 | 6.9% | 14.1% | 10.0% |
| Nov-2012 | 6.8% | 13.3% | 9.9% |
| Dec-2012 | 6.9% | 14.0% | 9.6% |
| Jan-2013 | 7.1% | 13.7% | 9.7% |
| Feb-2013 | 6.8% | 13.8% | 9.7% |
| Mar-2013 | 6.7% | 13.0% | 9.3% |
| Apr-2013 | 6.7% | 13.3% | 9.0% |
| May-2013 | 6.7% | 13.4% | 9.0% |
| Jun-2013 | 6.6% | 14.2% | 9.1% |
| Jul-2013 | 6.5% | 12.6% | 9.4% |
| Aug-2013 | 6.4% | 12.8% | 9.2% |
| Sep-2013 | 6.3% | 13.0% | 8.8% |
| Oct-2013 | 6.3% | 12.8% | 9.1% |
| Nov-2013 | 6.1% | 12.3% | 8.7% |
| Dec-2013 | 5.9% | 11.9% | 8.3% |
| Jan-2014 | 5.7% | 12.1% | 8.3% |
| Feb-2014 | 5.8% | 11.8% | 8.2% |
| Mar-2014 | 5.8% | 12.1% | 7.9% |
| Apr-2014 | 5.3% | 11.6% | 7.2% |
| May-2014 | 5.4% | 11.4% | 7.7% |
| Jun-2014 | 5.3% | 11.0% | 7.8% |
| Jul-2014 | 5.3% | 11.6% | 7.7% |
| Aug-2014 | 5.3% | 11.4% | 7.4% |
| Sep-2014 | 5.1% | 11.0% | 6.8% |
| Oct-2014 | 4.9% | 10.6% | 6.8% |
| Nov-2014 | 5.0% | 10.9% | 6.6% |
| Dec-2014 | 4.7% | 10.6% | 6.4% |
| Jan-2015 | 4.9% | 10.3% | 6.7% |
| Feb-2015 | 4.7% | 10.1% | 6.8% |
| Mar-2015 | 4.8% | 9.9% | 6.8% |
| Apr-2015 | 4.7% | 9.7% | 6.8% |
| May-2015 | 4.8% | 10.3% | 6.8% |
| Jun-2015 | 4.6% | 9.7% | 6.7% |
| Jul-2015 | 4.5% | 9.1% | 6.9% |
| Aug-2015 | 4.4% | 9.4% | 6.6% |
| Sep-2015 | 4.4% | 9.3% | 6.2% |
| Oct-2015 | 4.4% | 9.0% | 6.3% |
| Nov-2015 | 4.4% | 9.4% | 6.4% |
| Dec-2015 | 4.4% | 8.5% | 6.2% |
| Jan-2016 | 4.2% | 8.7% | 5.8% |
| Feb-2016 | 4.3% | 8.5% | 5.4% |
| Mar-2016 | 4.3% | 8.9% | 5.5% |
| Apr-2016 | 4.4% | 8.8% | 6.1% |
| May-2016 | 4.2% | 8.2% | 5.6% |
| Jun-2016 | 4.3% | 8.8% | 5.9% |
| Jul-2016 | 4.2% | 8.4% | 5.5% |
| Aug-2016 | 4.3% | 8.0% | 5.6% |
| Sep-2016 | 4.4% | 8.5% | 6.4% |
| Oct-2016 | 4.4% | 8.4% | 5.8% |
| Nov-2016 | 4.2% | 8.1% | 5.8% |
| Dec-2016 | 4.2% | 7.9% | 5.9% |
| Jan-2017 | 4.2% | 7.5% | 5.8% |
| Feb-2017 | 4.0% | 7.9% | 5.5% |
| Mar-2017 | 3.9% | 7.9% | 5.0% |
| Apr-2017 | 3.9% | 7.9% | 5.1% |
| May-2017 | 3.8% | 7.7% | 5.2% |
| Jun-2017 | 3.8% | 7.1% | 4.9% |
| Jul-2017 | 3.7% | 7.4% | 5.1% |
| Aug-2017 | 3.8% | 7.7% | 5.2% |
| Sep-2017 | 3.7% | 7.2% | 5.1% |
| Oct-2017 | 3.5% | 7.4% | 4.9% |
| Nov-2017 | 3.7% | 7.4% | 4.8% |
| Dec-2017 | 3.7% | 6.7% | 5.0% |
| Jan-2018 | 3.5% | 7.5% | 5.0% |
| Feb-2018 | 3.7% | 6.7% | 4.9% |
| Mar-2018 | 3.6% | 6.8% | 5.0% |
| Apr-2018 | 3.6% | 6.4% | 4.8% |
| May-2018 | 3.5% | 5.9% | 4.9% |
| Jun-2018 | 3.5% | 6.5% | 4.5% |
| Jul-2018 | 3.3% | 6.6% | 4.4% |
| Aug-2018 | 3.4% | 6.3% | 4.7% |
| Sep-2018 | 3.3% | 6.2% | 4.6% |
| Oct-2018 | 3.3% | 6.3% | 4.4% |
| Nov-2018 | 3.4% | 6.1% | 4.5% |
| Dec-2018 | 3.4% | 6.6% | 4.4% |
| Jan-2019 | 3.5% | 6.8% | 4.8% |
| Feb-2019 | 3.3% | 6.9% | 4.3% |
| Mar-2019 | 3.4% | 6.6% | 4.7% |
| Apr-2019 | 3.1% | 6.6% | 4.2% |
| May-2019 | 3.3% | 6.2% | 4.2% |
| Jun-2019 | 3.3% | 6.0% | 4.3% |
| Jul-2019 | 3.3% | 5.9% | 4.5% |
| Aug-2019 | 3.4% | 5.4% | 4.2% |
| Sep-2019 | 3.2% | 5.5% | 3.9% |
| Oct-2019 | 3.2% | 5.5% | 4.1% |
| Nov-2019 | 3.2% | 5.6% | 4.2% |
| Dec-2019 | 3.2% | 5.9% | 4.2% |
| Jan-2020 | 3.1% | 6.0% | 4.3% |
| Feb-2020 | 3.1% | 5.8% | 4.4% |
| Mar-2020 | 4.0% | 6.7% | 6.0% |
| Apr-2020 | 14.2% | 16.7% | 18.9% |
| May-2020 | 12.4% | 16.8% | 17.6% |
| Jun-2020 | 10.1% | 15.4% | 14.5% |
| Jul-2020 | 9.2% | 14.6% | 12.9% |
| Aug-2020 | 7.3% | 13.0% | 10.5% |
| Sep-2020 | 7.0% | 12.1% | 10.3% |
| Oct-2020 | 6.0% | 10.8% | 8.8% |
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Population Survey, public data series
Labor force participation rate and employment-to-population ratio of workers ages 25–54, by gender, 1989–2020
| Date | Labor force participation rate, men | Labor force participation rate, women | Employment-to-population ratio, men | Employment-to-population ratio, women |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan-1989 | 93.8 | 73.6 | 89.9 | 70.5 |
| Feb-1989 | 93.7 | 73.5 | 89.8 | 70.4 |
| Mar-1989 | 93.7 | 73.4 | 89.9 | 70.2 |
| Apr-1989 | 93.7 | 73.5 | 89.7 | 70.3 |
| May-1989 | 93.5 | 73.4 | 89.8 | 70.1 |
| Jun-1989 | 93.5 | 73.3 | 90 | 70.1 |
| Jul-1989 | 93.6 | 73.4 | 89.9 | 70 |
| Aug-1989 | 93.5 | 73.5 | 90 | 70.2 |
| Sep-1989 | 93.6 | 74 | 89.7 | 70.7 |
| Oct-1989 | 93.7 | 73.8 | 89.8 | 70.5 |
| Nov-1989 | 93.9 | 74.1 | 89.9 | 70.8 |
| Dec-1989 | 93.8 | 74.1 | 90 | 70.7 |
| Jan-1990 | 93.9 | 74.1 | 89.9 | 70.9 |
| Feb-1990 | 94 | 74 | 90.1 | 70.8 |
| Mar-1990 | 93.6 | 74 | 89.8 | 70.8 |
| Apr-1990 | 93.5 | 73.9 | 89.4 | 70.7 |
| May-1990 | 93.3 | 74.1 | 89.3 | 70.8 |
| Jun-1990 | 93.3 | 73.9 | 89.3 | 70.6 |
| Jul-1990 | 93.2 | 74 | 89 | 70.6 |
| Aug-1990 | 93.3 | 74 | 88.9 | 70.5 |
| Sep-1990 | 93.1 | 74 | 88.7 | 70.5 |
| Oct-1990 | 93.2 | 73.9 | 88.6 | 70.4 |
| Nov-1990 | 93.4 | 73.9 | 88.5 | 70.2 |
| Dec-1990 | 93.1 | 73.9 | 88.1 | 70.1 |
| Jan-1991 | 93.2 | 73.7 | 88.2 | 69.9 |
| Feb-1991 | 93.4 | 73.9 | 88 | 70.1 |
| Mar-1991 | 93.3 | 74 | 87.7 | 70 |
| Apr-1991 | 93.4 | 74.3 | 87.9 | 70.3 |
| May-1991 | 93 | 74.1 | 87.4 | 70.1 |
| Jun-1991 | 93.1 | 74.2 | 87.5 | 70.2 |
| Jul-1991 | 93 | 73.9 | 87.5 | 70.1 |
| Aug-1991 | 92.9 | 74.1 | 87.4 | 70 |
| Sep-1991 | 93.1 | 74.1 | 87.5 | 70.1 |
| Oct-1991 | 92.9 | 74.2 | 87.2 | 70 |
| Nov-1991 | 92.9 | 74.1 | 87.1 | 70 |
| Dec-1991 | 92.7 | 74.1 | 86.9 | 69.9 |
| Jan-1992 | 93 | 74.4 | 86.9 | 70.1 |
| Feb-1992 | 92.8 | 74.4 | 86.6 | 70 |
| Mar-1992 | 92.9 | 74.5 | 86.8 | 70 |
| Apr-1992 | 93 | 74.7 | 86.9 | 70.2 |
| May-1992 | 93.2 | 74.8 | 86.8 | 70.3 |
| Jun-1992 | 93.3 | 74.9 | 86.9 | 70.3 |
| Jul-1992 | 93.1 | 74.8 | 86.9 | 70.2 |
| Aug-1992 | 93.2 | 74.8 | 86.9 | 70.2 |
| Sep-1992 | 93.1 | 74.5 | 86.8 | 70.1 |
| Oct-1992 | 93 | 74.4 | 86.7 | 70 |
| Nov-1992 | 92.7 | 74.6 | 86.6 | 70.1 |
| Dec-1992 | 92.6 | 74.6 | 86.7 | 69.9 |
| Jan-1993 | 92.6 | 74.3 | 86.8 | 69.9 |
| Feb-1993 | 92.4 | 74.2 | 86.7 | 69.9 |
| Mar-1993 | 92.4 | 74.4 | 86.5 | 70.3 |
| Apr-1993 | 92.5 | 74.1 | 86.8 | 69.9 |
| May-1993 | 92.6 | 74.5 | 87 | 70.2 |
| Jun-1993 | 92.8 | 74.6 | 87.1 | 70.4 |
| Jul-1993 | 92.7 | 74.6 | 87.1 | 70.4 |
| Aug-1993 | 92.7 | 74.8 | 87.2 | 70.6 |
| Sep-1993 | 92.5 | 74.7 | 87.1 | 70.5 |
| Oct-1993 | 92.5 | 74.8 | 87.1 | 70.5 |
| Nov-1993 | 92.6 | 74.9 | 87.5 | 70.7 |
| Dec-1993 | 92.4 | 75.2 | 87.4 | 71 |
| Jan-1994 | 92.1 | 75 | 87.1 | 71 |
| Feb-1994 | 91.9 | 75.3 | 86.8 | 71.3 |
| Mar-1994 | 91.7 | 75.2 | 87 | 71.1 |
| Apr-1994 | 91.7 | 75.1 | 87.1 | 71.2 |
| May-1994 | 91.6 | 75.2 | 87.3 | 71.3 |
| Jun-1994 | 91.4 | 74.7 | 87 | 70.9 |
| Jul-1994 | 91.5 | 75.1 | 87 | 71.4 |
| Aug-1994 | 91.4 | 75.4 | 87 | 71.7 |
| Sep-1994 | 91.6 | 76 | 87.4 | 72.1 |
| Oct-1994 | 91.8 | 75.5 | 87.5 | 71.9 |
| Nov-1994 | 91.9 | 75.6 | 87.9 | 72 |
| Dec-1994 | 92 | 75.2 | 88 | 71.8 |
| Jan-1995 | 92 | 75.3 | 87.9 | 71.8 |
| Feb-1995 | 92 | 75.5 | 88.1 | 72.2 |
| Mar-1995 | 91.8 | 75.5 | 87.9 | 72.1 |
| Apr-1995 | 91.8 | 75.9 | 87.7 | 72.2 |
| May-1995 | 91.8 | 75.5 | 87.6 | 72.1 |
| Jun-1995 | 91.6 | 75.2 | 87.6 | 71.7 |
| Jul-1995 | 91.4 | 75.7 | 87.5 | 72.2 |
| Aug-1995 | 91.4 | 75.6 | 87.4 | 72.1 |
| Sep-1995 | 91.5 | 75.7 | 87.6 | 72.3 |
| Oct-1995 | 91.3 | 75.8 | 87.6 | 72.3 |
| Nov-1995 | 91.3 | 76 | 87.2 | 72.6 |
| Dec-1995 | 91.3 | 75.7 | 87.2 | 72.4 |
| Jan-1996 | 91.5 | 75.8 | 87.5 | 72.4 |
| Feb-1996 | 91.7 | 75.7 | 87.7 | 72.4 |
| Mar-1996 | 91.5 | 75.8 | 87.5 | 72.6 |
| Apr-1996 | 91.6 | 75.9 | 87.5 | 72.6 |
| May-1996 | 91.6 | 76 | 87.6 | 72.5 |
| Jun-1996 | 91.6 | 76 | 87.8 | 72.7 |
| Jul-1996 | 91.8 | 76.3 | 88.1 | 72.9 |
| Aug-1996 | 92 | 76.3 | 88.4 | 73 |
| Sep-1996 | 91.9 | 76.2 | 88.1 | 73 |
| Oct-1996 | 92 | 76.4 | 88.3 | 73.1 |
| Nov-1996 | 92 | 76.5 | 88.2 | 73 |
| Dec-1996 | 91.9 | 76.6 | 88.3 | 73 |
| Jan-1997 | 91.9 | 76.5 | 88.2 | 73.2 |
| Feb-1997 | 91.9 | 76.3 | 88.2 | 72.9 |
| Mar-1997 | 91.8 | 76.6 | 88.2 | 73.3 |
| Apr-1997 | 91.7 | 76.5 | 88.1 | 73.5 |
| May-1997 | 91.5 | 76.4 | 88.1 | 73.3 |
| Jun-1997 | 91.8 | 76.7 | 88.4 | 73.6 |
| Jul-1997 | 91.9 | 77 | 88.6 | 73.9 |
| Aug-1997 | 92 | 77.2 | 88.7 | 74.1 |
| Sep-1997 | 91.9 | 77 | 88.6 | 73.9 |
| Oct-1997 | 91.8 | 76.8 | 88.6 | 73.8 |
| Nov-1997 | 91.8 | 76.5 | 88.7 | 73.6 |
| Dec-1997 | 91.8 | 76.6 | 88.6 | 73.6 |
| Jan-1998 | 91.9 | 76.4 | 88.8 | 73.4 |
| Feb-1998 | 91.8 | 76.5 | 88.9 | 73.4 |
| Mar-1998 | 92 | 76.7 | 88.8 | 73.5 |
| Apr-1998 | 91.8 | 76.3 | 88.9 | 73.5 |
| May-1998 | 91.7 | 76.3 | 88.8 | 73.4 |
| Jun-1998 | 91.7 | 76.4 | 88.7 | 73.6 |
| Jul-1998 | 91.9 | 76.5 | 88.7 | 73.8 |
| Aug-1998 | 91.7 | 76.6 | 88.8 | 73.9 |
| Sep-1998 | 91.7 | 76.8 | 88.8 | 74 |
| Oct-1998 | 91.8 | 76.7 | 88.8 | 73.7 |
| Nov-1998 | 91.9 | 76.6 | 89.1 | 73.7 |
| Dec-1998 | 91.8 | 76.8 | 88.9 | 74 |
| Jan-1999 | 92.5 | 77 | 89.7 | 74.3 |
| Feb-1999 | 92.2 | 76.8 | 89.2 | 74.1 |
| Mar-1999 | 91.8 | 76.5 | 89.2 | 73.8 |
| Apr-1999 | 91.9 | 76.6 | 89.1 | 73.8 |
| May-1999 | 91.8 | 76.7 | 88.9 | 74.1 |
| Jun-1999 | 91.6 | 76.9 | 88.8 | 74.2 |
| Jul-1999 | 91.6 | 76.6 | 88.8 | 73.8 |
| Aug-1999 | 91.5 | 76.7 | 88.7 | 74.1 |
| Sep-1999 | 91.4 | 76.9 | 88.6 | 74.3 |
| Oct-1999 | 91.4 | 77 | 88.7 | 74.5 |
| Nov-1999 | 91.6 | 77.1 | 89 | 74.5 |
| Dec-1999 | 91.6 | 76.7 | 89 | 74.3 |
| Jan-2000 | 92.1 | 77 | 89.5 | 74.4 |
| Feb-2000 | 92.2 | 76.9 | 89.4 | 74.5 |
| Mar-2000 | 91.9 | 77.1 | 89.3 | 74.5 |
| Apr-2000 | 91.7 | 77.3 | 89.2 | 74.9 |
| May-2000 | 91.5 | 77 | 89 | 74.4 |
| Jun-2000 | 91.7 | 76.8 | 89.1 | 74.2 |
| Jul-2000 | 91.5 | 76.6 | 88.9 | 73.9 |
| Aug-2000 | 91.5 | 76.3 | 88.9 | 73.6 |
| Sep-2000 | 91.3 | 76.4 | 88.6 | 73.9 |
| Oct-2000 | 91.2 | 76.3 | 88.6 | 73.9 |
| Nov-2000 | 91.4 | 76.5 | 88.8 | 74.1 |
| Dec-2000 | 91.6 | 76.5 | 88.9 | 74.1 |
| Jan-2001 | 91.7 | 76.9 | 88.9 | 74.2 |
| Feb-2001 | 91.6 | 76.8 | 88.8 | 74.2 |
| Mar-2001 | 91.5 | 76.9 | 88.5 | 74.3 |
| Apr-2001 | 91.4 | 76.3 | 88.3 | 73.7 |
| May-2001 | 91.4 | 76.4 | 88.3 | 73.7 |
| Jun-2001 | 91.3 | 76.2 | 88.1 | 73.4 |
| Jul-2001 | 91.2 | 76.2 | 87.9 | 73.4 |
| Aug-2001 | 91.1 | 76.2 | 87.6 | 73.2 |
| Sep-2001 | 91.1 | 76.2 | 87.6 | 73.1 |
| Oct-2001 | 91.3 | 76.1 | 87.4 | 72.7 |
| Nov-2001 | 91 | 76.2 | 87 | 72.6 |
| Dec-2001 | 91.2 | 76.3 | 87.1 | 72.6 |
| Jan-2002 | 91.1 | 76.1 | 86.8 | 72.5 |
| Feb-2002 | 91.3 | 76.4 | 87.1 | 72.7 |
| Mar-2002 | 91.3 | 76.1 | 87 | 72.5 |
| Apr-2002 | 91.2 | 76.2 | 86.8 | 72.5 |
| May-2002 | 91.3 | 76.1 | 86.9 | 72.2 |
| Jun-2002 | 91 | 75.7 | 86.5 | 72.1 |
| Jul-2002 | 90.9 | 75.5 | 86.5 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2002 | 91.1 | 75.7 | 86.8 | 72.1 |
| Sep-2002 | 91.1 | 75.8 | 86.8 | 72.2 |
| Oct-2002 | 91 | 75.7 | 86.6 | 72.1 |
| Nov-2002 | 90.6 | 75.4 | 85.9 | 71.9 |
| Dec-2002 | 90.6 | 75.8 | 86 | 72.2 |
| Jan-2003 | 90.2 | 75.8 | 85.6 | 72.4 |
| Feb-2003 | 90.5 | 75.8 | 85.9 | 72.1 |
| Mar-2003 | 90.4 | 76.1 | 85.8 | 72.4 |
| Apr-2003 | 90.7 | 76 | 85.9 | 72.4 |
| May-2003 | 90.6 | 75.9 | 85.7 | 72.2 |
| Jun-2003 | 90.7 | 76.1 | 85.8 | 72.3 |
| Jul-2003 | 90.6 | 75.6 | 85.8 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2003 | 90.7 | 75.6 | 85.7 | 72 |
| Sep-2003 | 90.7 | 75.3 | 85.9 | 71.6 |
| Oct-2003 | 90.7 | 75.3 | 85.9 | 71.6 |
| Nov-2003 | 90.7 | 75.2 | 86 | 71.7 |
| Dec-2003 | 90.7 | 75.1 | 86.4 | 71.4 |
| Jan-2004 | 90.7 | 75.2 | 86.4 | 71.6 |
| Feb-2004 | 90.4 | 75.2 | 86.2 | 71.7 |
| Mar-2004 | 90.2 | 75.5 | 86 | 71.8 |
| Apr-2004 | 90.3 | 75.4 | 86.2 | 71.8 |
| May-2004 | 90.5 | 75.3 | 86.3 | 71.9 |
| Jun-2004 | 90.5 | 75.5 | 86.5 | 71.9 |
| Jul-2004 | 90.7 | 75.4 | 86.7 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2004 | 90.5 | 75.1 | 86.5 | 71.8 |
| Sep-2004 | 90.4 | 75.2 | 86.4 | 71.9 |
| Oct-2004 | 90.2 | 75.1 | 86.3 | 71.9 |
| Nov-2004 | 90.4 | 75.2 | 86.5 | 72 |
| Dec-2004 | 90.3 | 75.1 | 86.2 | 71.8 |
| Jan-2005 | 90.3 | 75.3 | 86.5 | 72 |
| Feb-2005 | 90.5 | 75.3 | 86.7 | 71.9 |
| Mar-2005 | 90.5 | 75 | 86.8 | 71.8 |
| Apr-2005 | 90.5 | 75.2 | 87 | 72 |
| May-2005 | 90.7 | 75.3 | 87.1 | 72.1 |
| Jun-2005 | 90.4 | 75 | 87 | 71.7 |
| Jul-2005 | 90.5 | 75.3 | 87 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2005 | 90.9 | 75.2 | 87.4 | 72.1 |
| Sep-2005 | 90.6 | 75.4 | 87 | 72.1 |
| Oct-2005 | 90.4 | 75.2 | 87 | 71.9 |
| Nov-2005 | 90.3 | 75.3 | 86.8 | 71.9 |
| Dec-2005 | 90.2 | 75.4 | 86.7 | 72.1 |
| Jan-2006 | 90.4 | 75.3 | 87.2 | 72.2 |
| Feb-2006 | 90.6 | 75.5 | 87.1 | 72.4 |
| Mar-2006 | 90.9 | 75.4 | 87.4 | 72.3 |
| Apr-2006 | 90.6 | 75.3 | 87.2 | 72.1 |
| May-2006 | 90.6 | 75.3 | 87.2 | 72.3 |
| Jun-2006 | 90.5 | 75.4 | 87.2 | 72.5 |
| Jul-2006 | 90.4 | 75.7 | 87.1 | 72.7 |
| Aug-2006 | 90.5 | 75.6 | 87.1 | 72.6 |
| Sep-2006 | 90.4 | 75.5 | 87.4 | 72.5 |
| Oct-2006 | 90.4 | 75.6 | 87.4 | 72.9 |
| Nov-2006 | 90.7 | 75.5 | 87.5 | 72.7 |
| Dec-2006 | 90.9 | 75.5 | 87.7 | 72.7 |
| Jan-2007 | 91.5 | 75.6 | 88 | 72.8 |
| Feb-2007 | 91.4 | 75.3 | 87.9 | 72.6 |
| Mar-2007 | 91.2 | 75.3 | 88 | 72.7 |
| Apr-2007 | 91.1 | 75 | 87.9 | 72.2 |
| May-2007 | 90.9 | 75.3 | 87.7 | 72.5 |
| Jun-2007 | 90.7 | 75.3 | 87.5 | 72.5 |
| Jul-2007 | 90.6 | 75.4 | 87.3 | 72.4 |
| Aug-2007 | 90.5 | 75.5 | 87.2 | 72.6 |
| Sep-2007 | 90.4 | 75.4 | 87.1 | 72.5 |
| Oct-2007 | 90.3 | 75.3 | 86.9 | 72.4 |
| Nov-2007 | 90.6 | 75.5 | 87.2 | 72.5 |
| Dec-2007 | 90.9 | 75.5 | 87.2 | 72.4 |
| Jan-2008 | 91.1 | 75.7 | 87.4 | 72.7 |
| Feb-2008 | 91 | 75.5 | 87.4 | 72.6 |
| Mar-2008 | 90.9 | 75.8 | 87.1 | 72.6 |
| Apr-2008 | 90.6 | 75.8 | 86.7 | 72.7 |
| May-2008 | 90.5 | 75.9 | 86.5 | 72.6 |
| Jun-2008 | 90.5 | 76 | 86.3 | 72.6 |
| Jul-2008 | 90.7 | 75.7 | 86.2 | 72.4 |
| Aug-2008 | 90.5 | 76 | 85.8 | 72.1 |
| Sep-2008 | 90.5 | 75.8 | 85.4 | 72.3 |
| Oct-2008 | 90.4 | 75.8 | 85.2 | 71.9 |
| Nov-2008 | 90.3 | 75.9 | 84.7 | 71.7 |
| Dec-2008 | 89.9 | 75.9 | 83.7 | 71.6 |
| Jan-2009 | 90 | 75.8 | 83.1 | 71.1 |
| Feb-2009 | 89.8 | 76 | 82.5 | 71 |
| Mar-2009 | 89.7 | 75.7 | 82 | 70.6 |
| Apr-2009 | 89.9 | 75.9 | 81.8 | 70.7 |
| May-2009 | 90.1 | 75.8 | 81.5 | 70.4 |
| Jun-2009 | 90 | 75.9 | 81.5 | 70.4 |
| Jul-2009 | 89.8 | 75.8 | 81.3 | 70.4 |
| Aug-2009 | 90.1 | 75.6 | 81.2 | 70 |
| Sep-2009 | 89.8 | 75.3 | 80.8 | 69.5 |
| Oct-2009 | 89.8 | 75.3 | 80.8 | 69.4 |
| Nov-2009 | 89.6 | 75.4 | 80.7 | 69.8 |
| Dec-2009 | 88.9 | 75.2 | 80.4 | 69.2 |
| Jan-2010 | 89.2 | 75.6 | 80.7 | 69.8 |
| Feb-2010 | 89.2 | 75.5 | 80.6 | 69.7 |
| Mar-2010 | 89.5 | 75.5 | 80.8 | 69.5 |
| Apr-2010 | 89.7 | 75.6 | 81.3 | 69.6 |
| May-2010 | 89.5 | 75.2 | 81.1 | 69.3 |
| Jun-2010 | 89.5 | 75.1 | 81.1 | 69.5 |
| Jul-2010 | 89.2 | 74.8 | 81.1 | 69.1 |
| Aug-2010 | 89.3 | 74.9 | 81.2 | 69 |
| Sep-2010 | 89.3 | 74.9 | 81.2 | 69.1 |
| Oct-2010 | 88.9 | 74.9 | 81.1 | 69 |
| Nov-2010 | 88.9 | 75.3 | 80.7 | 69.1 |
| Dec-2010 | 88.6 | 75.2 | 80.8 | 69.4 |
| Jan-2011 | 88.6 | 74.9 | 81.2 | 69.3 |
| Feb-2011 | 88.7 | 74.7 | 81.4 | 69 |
| Mar-2011 | 88.8 | 74.9 | 81.4 | 69.3 |
| Apr-2011 | 88.7 | 74.9 | 81.2 | 69.1 |
| May-2011 | 89 | 74.6 | 81.6 | 68.9 |
| Jun-2011 | 88.9 | 74.6 | 81.3 | 68.8 |
| Jul-2011 | 88.6 | 74.5 | 81.1 | 69 |
| Aug-2011 | 88.7 | 74.7 | 81.4 | 68.9 |
| Sep-2011 | 88.6 | 74.6 | 81.3 | 68.7 |
| Oct-2011 | 88.4 | 74.4 | 81.1 | 68.9 |
| Nov-2011 | 88.7 | 74.4 | 81.9 | 68.8 |
| Dec-2011 | 88.7 | 74.6 | 82.1 | 68.9 |
| Jan-2012 | 88.8 | 74.5 | 82.5 | 68.9 |
| Feb-2012 | 88.7 | 74.5 | 82.4 | 68.9 |
| Mar-2012 | 88.9 | 74.5 | 82.5 | 69.2 |
| Apr-2012 | 88.7 | 74.4 | 82.5 | 69.1 |
| May-2012 | 88.6 | 74.5 | 82.5 | 69.2 |
| Jun-2012 | 88.9 | 74.4 | 82.6 | 69 |
| Jul-2012 | 88.6 | 74.5 | 82.4 | 69.1 |
| Aug-2012 | 88.6 | 74.5 | 82.4 | 69.2 |
| Sep-2012 | 88.6 | 74.6 | 82.7 | 69.5 |
| Oct-2012 | 88.8 | 74.7 | 82.9 | 69.6 |
| Nov-2012 | 88.4 | 74.3 | 82.5 | 69.4 |
| Dec-2012 | 88.6 | 74.6 | 82.8 | 69.4 |
| Jan-2013 | 88.4 | 74 | 82.6 | 68.9 |
| Feb-2013 | 88.5 | 73.9 | 82.8 | 69 |
| Mar-2013 | 88.3 | 73.9 | 82.8 | 69 |
| Apr-2013 | 88.6 | 73.7 | 82.8 | 69.1 |
| May-2013 | 88.6 | 74 | 83 | 69.3 |
| Jun-2013 | 88.6 | 74 | 82.9 | 69.2 |
| Jul-2013 | 88.5 | 74.1 | 82.9 | 69.4 |
| Aug-2013 | 88.3 | 74 | 82.6 | 69.6 |
| Sep-2013 | 88.4 | 73.9 | 82.6 | 69.6 |
| Oct-2013 | 88 | 73.5 | 82.4 | 69 |
| Nov-2013 | 88.6 | 73.8 | 83 | 69.3 |
| Dec-2013 | 88.1 | 73.8 | 83 | 69.5 |
| Jan-2014 | 88.2 | 73.9 | 83.2 | 69.8 |
| Feb-2014 | 88.1 | 74.3 | 83 | 70.1 |
| Mar-2014 | 88.3 | 74.2 | 83.5 | 69.8 |
| Apr-2014 | 87.9 | 74 | 83.2 | 69.9 |
| May-2014 | 88 | 73.8 | 83.3 | 69.8 |
| Jun-2014 | 88.3 | 74 | 83.8 | 70.2 |
| Jul-2014 | 88.3 | 73.7 | 83.8 | 69.8 |
| Aug-2014 | 88.5 | 74 | 83.9 | 70.1 |
| Sep-2014 | 88.1 | 73.7 | 84.1 | 69.8 |
| Oct-2014 | 88.1 | 73.9 | 84 | 70.1 |
| Nov-2014 | 88.1 | 73.9 | 83.9 | 70.3 |
| Dec-2014 | 88.2 | 73.8 | 84.2 | 70.3 |
| Jan-2015 | 88.5 | 73.8 | 84.3 | 70.2 |
| Feb-2015 | 88.4 | 73.6 | 84.3 | 70.3 |
| Mar-2015 | 88.5 | 73.4 | 84.5 | 70 |
| Apr-2015 | 88.4 | 73.8 | 84.4 | 70.2 |
| May-2015 | 88.3 | 74.1 | 84.3 | 70.4 |
| Jun-2015 | 88.3 | 73.8 | 84.5 | 70.5 |
| Jul-2015 | 88.1 | 73.5 | 84.4 | 70.1 |
| Aug-2015 | 88.2 | 73.5 | 84.6 | 70.2 |
| Sep-2015 | 88.2 | 73.3 | 84.6 | 70.2 |
| Oct-2015 | 88.2 | 73.6 | 84.4 | 70.3 |
| Nov-2015 | 88.1 | 73.9 | 84.4 | 70.7 |
| Dec-2015 | 88.2 | 73.9 | 84.5 | 70.6 |
| Jan-2016 | 88.4 | 74.1 | 84.9 | 70.8 |
| Feb-2016 | 88.5 | 74 | 84.9 | 70.9 |
| Mar-2016 | 88.7 | 74.3 | 85.1 | 71 |
| Apr-2016 | 88.5 | 74.2 | 84.8 | 70.9 |
| May-2016 | 88.4 | 74.1 | 84.9 | 71 |
| Jun-2016 | 88.7 | 74.2 | 85.1 | 71 |
| Jul-2016 | 88.5 | 74.2 | 84.9 | 71.3 |
| Aug-2016 | 88.4 | 74.4 | 84.9 | 71.1 |
| Sep-2016 | 88.7 | 74.6 | 84.9 | 71.3 |
| Oct-2016 | 88.6 | 74.7 | 85 | 71.5 |
| Nov-2016 | 88.5 | 74.4 | 85 | 71.3 |
| Dec-2016 | 88.5 | 74.5 | 85.1 | 71.4 |
| Jan-2017 | 88.8 | 74.4 | 85.3 | 71.4 |
| Feb-2017 | 88.6 | 74.7 | 85.1 | 71.7 |
| Mar-2017 | 88.5 | 74.9 | 85.1 | 72 |
| Apr-2017 | 88.5 | 75.2 | 85.4 | 72 |
| May-2017 | 88.5 | 75 | 85.2 | 71.9 |
| Jun-2017 | 88.6 | 75 | 85.3 | 72.2 |
| Jul-2017 | 88.6 | 75.2 | 85.3 | 72.3 |
| Aug-2017 | 88.4 | 75 | 85.1 | 72.1 |
| Sep-2017 | 88.7 | 75.2 | 85.6 | 72.4 |
| Oct-2017 | 88.6 | 74.8 | 85.7 | 72.2 |
| Nov-2017 | 88.5 | 75.2 | 85.6 | 72.5 |
| Dec-2017 | 89 | 74.9 | 86.1 | 72.2 |
| Jan-2018 | 89 | 74.8 | 85.9 | 72.2 |
| Feb-2018 | 89.3 | 75.2 | 86.4 | 72.4 |
| Mar-2018 | 89.1 | 75.1 | 86.1 | 72.5 |
| Apr-2018 | 89.2 | 74.9 | 86.2 | 72.3 |
| May-2018 | 89.1 | 74.9 | 86.3 | 72.5 |
| Jun-2018 | 89 | 75.5 | 86.1 | 72.9 |
| Jul-2018 | 88.8 | 75.6 | 86.2 | 73 |
| Aug-2018 | 88.7 | 75.4 | 86 | 72.9 |
| Sep-2018 | 88.7 | 75.2 | 86 | 72.9 |
| Oct-2018 | 89 | 75.7 | 86.2 | 73.4 |
| Nov-2018 | 89 | 75.5 | 86.3 | 73.1 |
| Dec-2018 | 89 | 75.7 | 86.1 | 73.3 |
| Jan-2019 | 89.4 | 75.9 | 86.4 | 73.4 |
| Feb-2019 | 89.4 | 75.8 | 86.5 | 73.4 |
| Mar-2019 | 89.5 | 75.7 | 86.7 | 73.2 |
| Apr-2019 | 89.1 | 75.5 | 86.4 | 73.3 |
| May-2019 | 88.8 | 75.6 | 86.2 | 73.3 |
| Jun-2019 | 88.7 | 75.9 | 86.1 | 73.6 |
| Jul-2019 | 88.9 | 75.4 | 86.2 | 73 |
| Aug-2019 | 89 | 76.3 | 86.3 | 74 |
| Sep-2019 | 89.1 | 76.3 | 86.4 | 74 |
| Oct-2019 | 89.1 | 76.6 | 86.5 | 74.2 |
| Nov-2019 | 89.3 | 76.5 | 86.7 | 74.1 |
| Dec-2019 | 89.2 | 76.8 | 86.6 | 74.4 |
| Jan-2020 | 89.3 | 77 | 86.6 | 74.7 |
| Feb-2020 | 89.3 | 77 | 86.5 | 74.7 |
| Mar-2020 | 89 | 76.4 | 85.9 | 73.6 |
| Apr-2020 | 86.4 | 73.6 | 76 | 63.5 |
| May-2020 | 87.2 | 74.3 | 77.9 | 65 |
| Jun-2020 | 87.9 | 75.4 | 79.5 | 67.7 |
| Jul-2020 | 87.6 | 75.1 | 79.8 | 67.9 |
| Aug-2020 | 88.1 | 74.9 | 81.6 | 69.2 |
| Sep-2020 | 87.7 | 74.2 | 81.5 | 68.7 |
| Oct-2020 | 87.9 | 74.6 | 82.2 | 70 |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Current Population Survey public data.
A more comprehensive look at unemployment rates: Unemployment rates for select workers by race/ethnicity and gender, February–October 2020
| February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White men | 2.9% | 3.7% | 12.4% | 10.7% | 9.0% | 8.3% | 6.9% | 6.5% | 5.8 |
| White women | 2.8% | 3.6% | 15.0% | 13.1% | 10.3% | 9.6% | 7.3% | 6.9% | 5.6 |
| Black men | 5.8% | 7.0% | 16.1% | 15.5% | 16.3% | 15.2% | 13.2% | 12.6% | 11.5 |
| Black women | 4.8% | 5.2% | 16.4% | 16.5% | 14.0% | 13.5% | 12.0% | 11.1% | 9.2 |
| Latinx men | 3.2% | 5.1% | 16.7% | 15.1% | 12.8% | 11.4% | 9.8% | 8.7% | 8.1 |
| Latinx women | 4.9% | 6.0% | 20.2% | 19.0% | 15.3% | 14.0% | 10.5% | 11.0% | 9.0 |
Notes: Data are for workers ages 20 and older. Racial and ethnic categories are not mutually exclusive; white and Black data do not exclude Latinx workers of each race. Unemployment levels are labeled for February, October, and the peak in between.
A more comprehensive look at employment losses: Employment-to-population ratios for select workers by race/ethnicity and gender, February–October 2020
| February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White men | 69.7% | 68.5% | 60.5% | 62.1% | 63.8% | 64.0% | 65.4% | 65.7% | 66.3 |
| White women | 56.6% | 55.7% | 47.1% | 48.8% | 51.1% | 51.4% | 52.7% | 52.4% | 53.3 |
| Black men | 64.0% | 63.0% | 53.2% | 54.1% | 54.6% | 55.7% | 57.2% | 56.5% | 57.9 |
| Black women | 60.8% | 58.5% | 49.6% | 50.0% | 51.6% | 52.0% | 53.0% | 53.2% | 54.6 |
| Latinx men | 78.5% | 75.9% | 64.3% | 66.1% | 68.2% | 68.8% | 71.0% | 72.1% | 73.6 |
| Latinx women | 59.1% | 57.3% | 45.0% | 46.3% | 50.3% | 50.5% | 52.5% | 50.7% | 52.6 |
Notes: Data are for workers ages 20 and older. Racial and ethnic categories are not mutually exclusive; white and Black data do not exclude Latinx workers of each race. Unemployment levels are labeled for February, October, and the trough in between.
Monthly change in payroll employment, 2007–2020
| Date | Change in Employment |
|---|---|
| Jan-2007 | 228 |
| Feb-2007 | 81 |
| Mar-2007 | 235 |
| Apr-2007 | 49 |
| May-2007 | 151 |
| Jun-2007 | 76 |
| Jul-2007 | -31 |
| Aug-2007 | -23 |
| Sep-2007 | 80 |
| Oct-2007 | 79 |
| Nov-2007 | 110 |
| Dec-2007 | 108 |
| Jan-2008 | 11 |
| Feb-2008 | -79 |
| Mar-2008 | -49 |
| Apr-2008 | -240 |
| May-2008 | -177 |
| Jun-2008 | -171 |
| Jul-2008 | -196 |
| Aug-2008 | -278 |
| Sep-2008 | -460 |
| Oct-2008 | -481 |
| Nov-2008 | -727 |
| Dec-2008 | -706 |
| Jan-2009 | -784 |
| Feb-2009 | -743 |
| Mar-2009 | -800 |
| Apr-2009 | -695 |
| May-2009 | -342 |
| Jun-2009 | -467 |
| Jul-2009 | -340 |
| Aug-2009 | -183 |
| Sep-2009 | -241 |
| Oct-2009 | -199 |
| Nov-2009 | 12 |
| Dec-2009 | -269 |
| Jan-2010 | 2 |
| Feb-2010 | -92 |
| Mar-2010 | 181 |
| Apr-2010 | 231 |
| May-2010 | 540 |
| Jun-2010 | -139 |
| Jul-2010 | -84 |
| Aug-2010 | -5 |
| Sep-2010 | -65 |
| Oct-2010 | 268 |
| Nov-2010 | 125 |
| Dec-2010 | 72 |
| Jan-2011 | 19 |
| Feb-2011 | 212 |
| Mar-2011 | 235 |
| Apr-2011 | 314 |
| May-2011 | 101 |
| Jun-2011 | 236 |
| Jul-2011 | 60 |
| Aug-2011 | 126 |
| Sep-2011 | 233 |
| Oct-2011 | 204 |
| Nov-2011 | 132 |
| Dec-2011 | 202 |
| Jan-2012 | 354 |
| Feb-2012 | 262 |
| Mar-2012 | 240 |
| Apr-2012 | 82 |
| May-2012 | 100 |
| Jun-2012 | 73 |
| Jul-2012 | 152 |
| Aug-2012 | 172 |
| Sep-2012 | 187 |
| Oct-2012 | 159 |
| Nov-2012 | 156 |
| Dec-2012 | 239 |
| Jan-2013 | 191 |
| Feb-2013 | 278 |
| Mar-2013 | 139 |
| Apr-2013 | 191 |
| May-2013 | 222 |
| Jun-2013 | 181 |
| Jul-2013 | 112 |
| Aug-2013 | 242 |
| Sep-2013 | 187 |
| Oct-2013 | 225 |
| Nov-2013 | 264 |
| Dec-2013 | 69 |
| Jan-2014 | 175 |
| Feb-2014 | 166 |
| Mar-2014 | 254 |
| Apr-2014 | 325 |
| May-2014 | 218 |
| Jun-2014 | 326 |
| Jul-2014 | 232 |
| Aug-2014 | 188 |
| Sep-2014 | 309 |
| Oct-2014 | 252 |
| Nov-2014 | 291 |
| Dec-2014 | 268 |
| Jan-2015 | 191 |
| Feb-2015 | 271 |
| Mar-2015 | 71 |
| Apr-2015 | 284 |
| May-2015 | 331 |
| Jun-2015 | 174 |
| Jul-2015 | 302 |
| Aug-2015 | 125 |
| Sep-2015 | 155 |
| Oct-2015 | 306 |
| Nov-2015 | 237 |
| Dec-2015 | 273 |
| Jan-2016 | 73 |
| Feb-2016 | 263 |
| Mar-2016 | 229 |
| Apr-2016 | 187 |
| May-2016 | 42 |
| Jun-2016 | 267 |
| Jul-2016 | 354 |
| Aug-2016 | 135 |
| Sep-2016 | 269 |
| Oct-2016 | 145 |
| Nov-2016 | 151 |
| Dec-2016 | 230 |
| Jan-2017 | 185 |
| Feb-2017 | 188 |
| Mar-2017 | 129 |
| Apr-2017 | 197 |
| May-2017 | 155 |
| Jun-2017 | 216 |
| Jul-2017 | 215 |
| Aug-2017 | 184 |
| Sep-2017 | 18 |
| Oct-2017 | 267 |
| Nov-2017 | 225 |
| Dec-2017 | 130 |
| Jan-2018 | 121 |
| Feb-2018 | 406 |
| Mar-2018 | 176 |
| Apr-2018 | 137 |
| May-2018 | 278 |
| Jun-2018 | 219 |
| Jul-2018 | 136 |
| Aug-2018 | 244 |
| Sep-2018 | 80 |
| Oct-2018 | 201 |
| Nov-2018 | 134 |
| Dec-2018 | 182 |
| Jan-2019 | 269 |
| Feb-2019 | 1 |
| Mar-2019 | 147 |
| Apr-2019 | 210 |
| May-2019 | 85 |
| Jun-2019 | 182 |
| Jul-2019 | 194 |
| Aug-2019 | 207 |
| Sep-2019 | 208 |
| Oct-2019 | 185 |
| Nov-2019 | 261 |
| Dec-2019 | 184 |
| Jan-2020 | 214 |
| Feb-2020 | 251 |
| Mar-2020 | -1373 |
| Apr-2020 | -20787 |
| May-2020 | 2725 |
| Jun-2020 | 4781 |
| Jul-2020 | 1761 |
| Aug-2020 | 1493 |
| Sep-2020 | 672 |
| Oct-2020 | 638 |
Note: Shaded areas denote recessions.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Employment Statistics public data series
Nominal wage growth spikes from compositional shifts in the COVID-19 economy, 2007–2020
| Date | All nonfarm employees | Production/nonsupervisory workers |
|---|---|---|
| Mar-2007 | 3.39% | 4.11% |
| Apr-2007 | 3.07% | 3.85% |
| May-2007 | 3.53% | 4.08% |
| Jun-2007 | 3.61% | 4.19% |
| Jul-2007 | 3.25% | 4.11% |
| Aug-2007 | 3.40% | 4.04% |
| Sep-2007 | 3.09% | 4.09% |
| Oct-2007 | 3.03% | 3.84% |
| Nov-2007 | 3.13% | 3.89% |
| Dec-2007 | 2.97% | 3.81% |
| Jan-2008 | 2.91% | 3.74% |
| Feb-2008 | 2.85% | 3.79% |
| Mar-2008 | 3.09% | 3.83% |
| Apr-2008 | 2.79% | 3.76% |
| May-2008 | 3.02% | 3.75% |
| Jun-2008 | 2.72% | 3.50% |
| Jul-2008 | 3.01% | 3.67% |
| Aug-2008 | 3.33% | 3.89% |
| Sep-2008 | 3.23% | 3.64% |
| Oct-2008 | 3.32% | 3.81% |
| Nov-2008 | 3.60% | 3.86% |
| Dec-2008 | 3.59% | 3.90% |
| Jan-2009 | 3.68% | 3.78% |
| Feb-2009 | 3.43% | 3.60% |
| Mar-2009 | 3.28% | 3.47% |
| Apr-2009 | 3.37% | 3.35% |
| May-2009 | 2.93% | 3.06% |
| Jun-2009 | 2.83% | 2.94% |
| Jul-2009 | 2.73% | 2.71% |
| Aug-2009 | 2.44% | 2.70% |
| Sep-2009 | 2.49% | 2.75% |
| Oct-2009 | 2.53% | 2.68% |
| Nov-2009 | 2.19% | 2.68% |
| Dec-2009 | 1.91% | 2.45% |
| Jan-2010 | 2.00% | 2.61% |
| Feb-2010 | 2.09% | 2.55% |
| Mar-2010 | 1.77% | 2.22% |
| Apr-2010 | 1.81% | 2.38% |
| May-2010 | 1.95% | 2.59% |
| Jun-2010 | 1.81% | 2.48% |
| Jul-2010 | 1.85% | 2.42% |
| Aug-2010 | 1.75% | 2.36% |
| Sep-2010 | 1.84% | 2.19% |
| Oct-2010 | 1.93% | 2.45% |
| Nov-2010 | 1.65% | 2.18% |
| Dec-2010 | 1.79% | 2.07% |
| Jan-2011 | 1.96% | 2.33% |
| Feb-2011 | 1.87% | 2.12% |
| Mar-2011 | 1.87% | 2.12% |
| Apr-2011 | 1.91% | 2.11% |
| May-2011 | 2.04% | 2.10% |
| Jun-2011 | 2.13% | 2.05% |
| Jul-2011 | 2.26% | 2.26% |
| Aug-2011 | 1.99% | 1.88% |
| Sep-2011 | 1.94% | 1.94% |
| Oct-2011 | 2.07% | 1.88% |
| Nov-2011 | 1.98% | 1.82% |
| Dec-2011 | 1.98% | 1.77% |
| Jan-2012 | 1.71% | 1.40% |
| Feb-2012 | 1.75% | 1.45% |
| Mar-2012 | 2.14% | 1.71% |
| Apr-2012 | 2.05% | 1.65% |
| May-2012 | 1.74% | 1.39% |
| Jun-2012 | 1.96% | 1.60% |
| Jul-2012 | 1.77% | 1.39% |
| Aug-2012 | 1.82% | 1.39% |
| Sep-2012 | 1.99% | 1.54% |
| Oct-2012 | 1.51% | 1.18% |
| Nov-2012 | 1.94% | 1.43% |
| Dec-2012 | 2.24% | 1.74% |
| Jan-2013 | 2.24% | 1.79% |
| Feb-2013 | 2.15% | 2.04% |
| Mar-2013 | 1.93% | 1.88% |
| Apr-2013 | 2.05% | 1.83% |
| May-2013 | 2.14% | 1.88% |
| Jun-2013 | 2.17% | 2.03% |
| Jul-2013 | 2.00% | 2.03% |
| Aug-2013 | 2.30% | 2.18% |
| Sep-2013 | 2.08% | 2.28% |
| Oct-2013 | 2.25% | 2.32% |
| Nov-2013 | 2.24% | 2.37% |
| Dec-2013 | 1.85% | 2.21% |
| Jan-2014 | 1.89% | 2.26% |
| Feb-2014 | 2.31% | 2.55% |
| Mar-2014 | 2.10% | 2.45% |
| Apr-2014 | 1.97% | 2.35% |
| May-2014 | 2.13% | 2.44% |
| Jun-2014 | 1.96% | 2.24% |
| Jul-2014 | 2.09% | 2.33% |
| Aug-2014 | 2.16% | 2.48% |
| Sep-2014 | 2.08% | 2.17% |
| Oct-2014 | 2.03% | 2.22% |
| Nov-2014 | 2.03% | 2.22% |
| Dec-2014 | 1.99% | 1.77% |
| Jan-2015 | 2.15% | 2.01% |
| Feb-2015 | 1.89% | 1.46% |
| Mar-2015 | 2.18% | 1.85% |
| Apr-2015 | 2.26% | 1.95% |
| May-2015 | 2.30% | 2.19% |
| Jun-2015 | 2.21% | 2.14% |
| Jul-2015 | 2.12% | 2.04% |
| Aug-2015 | 2.24% | 1.98% |
| Sep-2015 | 2.24% | 2.13% |
| Oct-2015 | 2.48% | 2.37% |
| Nov-2015 | 2.39% | 2.12% |
| Dec-2015 | 2.52% | 2.61% |
| Jan-2016 | 2.55% | 2.45% |
| Feb-2016 | 2.42% | 2.60% |
| Mar-2016 | 2.46% | 2.49% |
| Apr-2016 | 2.57% | 2.58% |
| May-2016 | 2.48% | 2.29% |
| Jun-2016 | 2.60% | 2.48% |
| Jul-2016 | 2.80% | 2.62% |
| Aug-2016 | 2.47% | 2.51% |
| Sep-2016 | 2.63% | 2.51% |
| Oct-2016 | 2.74% | 2.41% |
| Nov-2016 | 2.65% | 2.45% |
| Dec-2016 | 2.65% | 2.45% |
| Jan-2017 | 2.52% | 2.35% |
| Feb-2017 | 2.76% | 2.44% |
| Mar-2017 | 2.59% | 2.24% |
| Apr-2017 | 2.51% | 2.24% |
| May-2017 | 2.46% | 2.33% |
| Jun-2017 | 2.50% | 2.32% |
| Jul-2017 | 2.57% | 2.32% |
| Aug-2017 | 2.57% | 2.31% |
| Sep-2017 | 2.87% | 2.59% |
| Oct-2017 | 2.32% | 2.21% |
| Nov-2017 | 2.47% | 2.35% |
| Dec-2017 | 2.70% | 2.48% |
| Jan-2018 | 2.73% | 2.52% |
| Feb-2018 | 2.57% | 2.47% |
| Mar-2018 | 2.80% | 2.79% |
| Apr-2018 | 2.83% | 2.83% |
| May-2018 | 2.94% | 2.91% |
| Jun-2018 | 2.93% | 2.91% |
| Jul-2018 | 2.85% | 2.85% |
| Aug-2018 | 3.18% | 3.08% |
| Sep-2018 | 3.02% | 2.97% |
| Oct-2018 | 3.32% | 3.25% |
| Nov-2018 | 3.35% | 3.46% |
| Dec-2018 | 3.38% | 3.54% |
| Jan-2019 | 3.26% | 3.35% |
| Feb-2019 | 3.51% | 3.53% |
| Mar-2019 | 3.43% | 3.51% |
| Apr-2019 | 3.34% | 3.46% |
| May-2019 | 3.30% | 3.58% |
| Jun-2019 | 3.40% | 3.53% |
| Jul-2019 | 3.47% | 3.65% |
| Aug-2019 | 3.45% | 3.73% |
| Sep-2019 | 3.11% | 3.67% |
| Oct-2019 | 3.22% | 3.76% |
| Nov-2019 | 3.28% | 3.52% |
| Dec-2019 | 3.01% | 3.25% |
| Jan-2020 | 3.08% | 3.33% |
| Feb-2020 | 3.00% | 3.32% |
| Mar-2020 | 3.35% | 3.52% |
| Apr-2020 | 7.98% | 7.67% |
| May-2020 | 6.57% | 6.62% |
| Jun-2020 | 4.86% | 5.41% |
| Jul-2020 | 4.78% | 4.63% |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Employment Statistics public data series
Employment-to-population ratio of workers ages 25–54, 1989–2020
| Date | Employment to population ratio |
|---|---|
| Jan-1989 | 80.0% |
| Feb-1989 | 79.9% |
| Mar-1989 | 79.9% |
| Apr-1989 | 79.8% |
| May-1989 | 79.8% |
| Jun-1989 | 79.8% |
| Jul-1989 | 79.8% |
| Aug-1989 | 79.9% |
| Sep-1989 | 80.0% |
| Oct-1989 | 79.9% |
| Nov-1989 | 80.2% |
| Dec-1989 | 80.1% |
| Jan-1990 | 80.2% |
| Feb-1990 | 80.2% |
| Mar-1990 | 80.1% |
| Apr-1990 | 79.9% |
| May-1990 | 79.9% |
| Jun-1990 | 79.8% |
| Jul-1990 | 79.6% |
| Aug-1990 | 79.5% |
| Sep-1990 | 79.4% |
| Oct-1990 | 79.4% |
| Nov-1990 | 79.2% |
| Dec-1990 | 79.0% |
| Jan-1991 | 78.9% |
| Feb-1991 | 78.9% |
| Mar-1991 | 78.7% |
| Apr-1991 | 79.0% |
| May-1991 | 78.6% |
| Jun-1991 | 78.7% |
| Jul-1991 | 78.6% |
| Aug-1991 | 78.5% |
| Sep-1991 | 78.6% |
| Oct-1991 | 78.5% |
| Nov-1991 | 78.4% |
| Dec-1991 | 78.3% |
| Jan-1992 | 78.4% |
| Feb-1992 | 78.2% |
| Mar-1992 | 78.2% |
| Apr-1992 | 78.4% |
| May-1992 | 78.4% |
| Jun-1992 | 78.5% |
| Jul-1992 | 78.4% |
| Aug-1992 | 78.4% |
| Sep-1992 | 78.3% |
| Oct-1992 | 78.2% |
| Nov-1992 | 78.2% |
| Dec-1992 | 78.2% |
| Jan-1993 | 78.2% |
| Feb-1993 | 78.1% |
| Mar-1993 | 78.2% |
| Apr-1993 | 78.2% |
| May-1993 | 78.5% |
| Jun-1993 | 78.6% |
| Jul-1993 | 78.6% |
| Aug-1993 | 78.8% |
| Sep-1993 | 78.6% |
| Oct-1993 | 78.7% |
| Nov-1993 | 79.0% |
| Dec-1993 | 79.0% |
| Jan-1994 | 78.9% |
| Feb-1994 | 78.9% |
| Mar-1994 | 78.9% |
| Apr-1994 | 79.0% |
| May-1994 | 79.2% |
| Jun-1994 | 78.8% |
| Jul-1994 | 79.1% |
| Aug-1994 | 79.2% |
| Sep-1994 | 79.6% |
| Oct-1994 | 79.6% |
| Nov-1994 | 79.8% |
| Dec-1994 | 79.8% |
| Jan-1995 | 79.7% |
| Feb-1995 | 80.0% |
| Mar-1995 | 79.9% |
| Apr-1995 | 79.8% |
| May-1995 | 79.7% |
| Jun-1995 | 79.5% |
| Jul-1995 | 79.7% |
| Aug-1995 | 79.6% |
| Sep-1995 | 79.8% |
| Oct-1995 | 79.8% |
| Nov-1995 | 79.7% |
| Dec-1995 | 79.7% |
| Jan-1996 | 79.8% |
| Feb-1996 | 79.9% |
| Mar-1996 | 79.9% |
| Apr-1996 | 79.9% |
| May-1996 | 80.0% |
| Jun-1996 | 80.1% |
| Jul-1996 | 80.4% |
| Aug-1996 | 80.5% |
| Sep-1996 | 80.4% |
| Oct-1996 | 80.6% |
| Nov-1996 | 80.5% |
| Dec-1996 | 80.5% |
| Jan-1997 | 80.5% |
| Feb-1997 | 80.4% |
| Mar-1997 | 80.6% |
| Apr-1997 | 80.7% |
| May-1997 | 80.6% |
| Jun-1997 | 80.9% |
| Jul-1997 | 81.1% |
| Aug-1997 | 81.3% |
| Sep-1997 | 81.1% |
| Oct-1997 | 81.1% |
| Nov-1997 | 81.0% |
| Dec-1997 | 81.0% |
| Jan-1998 | 81.0% |
| Feb-1998 | 81.0% |
| Mar-1998 | 81.0% |
| Apr-1998 | 81.1% |
| May-1998 | 81.0% |
| Jun-1998 | 81.0% |
| Jul-1998 | 81.1% |
| Aug-1998 | 81.2% |
| Sep-1998 | 81.3% |
| Oct-1998 | 81.1% |
| Nov-1998 | 81.2% |
| Dec-1998 | 81.3% |
| Jan-1999 | 81.8% |
| Feb-1999 | 81.5% |
| Mar-1999 | 81.3% |
| Apr-1999 | 81.3% |
| May-1999 | 81.4% |
| Jun-1999 | 81.4% |
| Jul-1999 | 81.2% |
| Aug-1999 | 81.3% |
| Sep-1999 | 81.3% |
| Oct-1999 | 81.5% |
| Nov-1999 | 81.6% |
| Dec-1999 | 81.5% |
| Jan-2000 | 81.8% |
| Feb-2000 | 81.8% |
| Mar-2000 | 81.7% |
| Apr-2000 | 81.9% |
| May-2000 | 81.5% |
| Jun-2000 | 81.5% |
| Jul-2000 | 81.3% |
| Aug-2000 | 81.1% |
| Sep-2000 | 81.1% |
| Oct-2000 | 81.1% |
| Nov-2000 | 81.3% |
| Dec-2000 | 81.4% |
| Jan-2001 | 81.4% |
| Feb-2001 | 81.3% |
| Mar-2001 | 81.3% |
| Apr-2001 | 80.9% |
| May-2001 | 80.8% |
| Jun-2001 | 80.6% |
| Jul-2001 | 80.5% |
| Aug-2001 | 80.2% |
| Sep-2001 | 80.2% |
| Oct-2001 | 79.9% |
| Nov-2001 | 79.7% |
| Dec-2001 | 79.8% |
| Jan-2002 | 79.6% |
| Feb-2002 | 79.8% |
| Mar-2002 | 79.6% |
| Apr-2002 | 79.5% |
| May-2002 | 79.4% |
| Jun-2002 | 79.2% |
| Jul-2002 | 79.1% |
| Aug-2002 | 79.3% |
| Sep-2002 | 79.4% |
| Oct-2002 | 79.2% |
| Nov-2002 | 78.8% |
| Dec-2002 | 79.0% |
| Jan-2003 | 78.9% |
| Feb-2003 | 78.9% |
| Mar-2003 | 79.0% |
| Apr-2003 | 79.1% |
| May-2003 | 78.9% |
| Jun-2003 | 78.9% |
| Jul-2003 | 78.8% |
| Aug-2003 | 78.7% |
| Sep-2003 | 78.6% |
| Oct-2003 | 78.6% |
| Nov-2003 | 78.7% |
| Dec-2003 | 78.8% |
| Jan-2004 | 78.9% |
| Feb-2004 | 78.8% |
| Mar-2004 | 78.7% |
| Apr-2004 | 78.9% |
| May-2004 | 79.0% |
| Jun-2004 | 79.1% |
| Jul-2004 | 79.2% |
| Aug-2004 | 79.0% |
| Sep-2004 | 79.0% |
| Oct-2004 | 79.0% |
| Nov-2004 | 79.1% |
| Dec-2004 | 78.9% |
| Jan-2005 | 79.2% |
| Feb-2005 | 79.2% |
| Mar-2005 | 79.2% |
| Apr-2005 | 79.4% |
| May-2005 | 79.5% |
| Jun-2005 | 79.2% |
| Jul-2005 | 79.4% |
| Aug-2005 | 79.6% |
| Sep-2005 | 79.4% |
| Oct-2005 | 79.3% |
| Nov-2005 | 79.2% |
| Dec-2005 | 79.3% |
| Jan-2006 | 79.6% |
| Feb-2006 | 79.7% |
| Mar-2006 | 79.8% |
| Apr-2006 | 79.6% |
| May-2006 | 79.7% |
| Jun-2006 | 79.8% |
| Jul-2006 | 79.8% |
| Aug-2006 | 79.8% |
| Sep-2006 | 79.9% |
| Oct-2006 | 80.1% |
| Nov-2006 | 80.0% |
| Dec-2006 | 80.1% |
| Jan-2007 | 80.3% |
| Feb-2007 | 80.1% |
| Mar-2007 | 80.2% |
| Apr-2007 | 80.0% |
| May-2007 | 80.0% |
| Jun-2007 | 79.9% |
| Jul-2007 | 79.8% |
| Aug-2007 | 79.8% |
| Sep-2007 | 79.7% |
| Oct-2007 | 79.6% |
| Nov-2007 | 79.7% |
| Dec-2007 | 79.7% |
| Jan-2008 | 80.0% |
| Feb-2008 | 79.9% |
| Mar-2008 | 79.8% |
| Apr-2008 | 79.6% |
| May-2008 | 79.5% |
| Jun-2008 | 79.4% |
| Jul-2008 | 79.2% |
| Aug-2008 | 78.8% |
| Sep-2008 | 78.8% |
| Oct-2008 | 78.4% |
| Nov-2008 | 78.1% |
| Dec-2008 | 77.6% |
| Jan-2009 | 77.0% |
| Feb-2009 | 76.7% |
| Mar-2009 | 76.2% |
| Apr-2009 | 76.2% |
| May-2009 | 75.9% |
| Jun-2009 | 75.9% |
| Jul-2009 | 75.8% |
| Aug-2009 | 75.6% |
| Sep-2009 | 75.1% |
| Oct-2009 | 75.0% |
| Nov-2009 | 75.2% |
| Dec-2009 | 74.8% |
| Jan-2010 | 75.1% |
| Feb-2010 | 75.1% |
| Mar-2010 | 75.1% |
| Apr-2010 | 75.4% |
| May-2010 | 75.1% |
| Jun-2010 | 75.2% |
| Jul-2010 | 75.1% |
| Aug-2010 | 75.0% |
| Sep-2010 | 75.1% |
| Oct-2010 | 75.0% |
| Nov-2010 | 74.8% |
| Dec-2010 | 75.0% |
| Jan-2011 | 75.2% |
| Feb-2011 | 75.1% |
| Mar-2011 | 75.3% |
| Apr-2011 | 75.1% |
| May-2011 | 75.2% |
| Jun-2011 | 75.0% |
| Jul-2011 | 75.0% |
| Aug-2011 | 75.1% |
| Sep-2011 | 74.9% |
| Oct-2011 | 74.9% |
| Nov-2011 | 75.3% |
| Dec-2011 | 75.4% |
| Jan-2012 | 75.5% |
| Feb-2012 | 75.5% |
| Mar-2012 | 75.7% |
| Apr-2012 | 75.7% |
| May-2012 | 75.7% |
| Jun-2012 | 75.6% |
| Jul-2012 | 75.6% |
| Aug-2012 | 75.7% |
| Sep-2012 | 76.0% |
| Oct-2012 | 76.1% |
| Nov-2012 | 75.8% |
| Dec-2012 | 76.0% |
| Jan-2013 | 75.6% |
| Feb-2013 | 75.8% |
| Mar-2013 | 75.8% |
| Apr-2013 | 75.8% |
| May-2013 | 76.0% |
| Jun-2013 | 75.9% |
| Jul-2013 | 76.0% |
| Aug-2013 | 76.0% |
| Sep-2013 | 76.0% |
| Oct-2013 | 75.6% |
| Nov-2013 | 76.1% |
| Dec-2013 | 76.1% |
| Jan-2014 | 76.4% |
| Feb-2014 | 76.4% |
| Mar-2014 | 76.5% |
| Apr-2014 | 76.5% |
| May-2014 | 76.4% |
| Jun-2014 | 76.9% |
| Jul-2014 | 76.7% |
| Aug-2014 | 76.9% |
| Sep-2014 | 76.8% |
| Oct-2014 | 76.9% |
| Nov-2014 | 76.9% |
| Dec-2014 | 77.1% |
| Jan-2015 | 77.1% |
| Feb-2015 | 77.2% |
| Mar-2015 | 77.1% |
| Apr-2015 | 77.2% |
| May-2015 | 77.2% |
| Jun-2015 | 77.4% |
| Jul-2015 | 77.1% |
| Aug-2015 | 77.3% |
| Sep-2015 | 77.2% |
| Oct-2015 | 77.2% |
| Nov-2015 | 77.4% |
| Dec-2015 | 77.4% |
| Jan-2016 | 77.7% |
| Feb-2016 | 77.8% |
| Mar-2016 | 77.9% |
| Apr-2016 | 77.8% |
| May-2016 | 77.8% |
| Jun-2016 | 77.9% |
| Jul-2016 | 78.0% |
| Aug-2016 | 77.9% |
| Sep-2016 | 78.0% |
| Oct-2016 | 78.2% |
| Nov-2016 | 78.1% |
| Dec-2016 | 78.1% |
| Jan-2017 | 78.2% |
| Feb-2017 | 78.3% |
| Mar-2017 | 78.5% |
| Apr-2017 | 78.6% |
| May-2017 | 78.5% |
| Jun-2017 | 78.6% |
| Jul-2017 | 78.7% |
| Aug-2017 | 78.5% |
| Sep-2017 | 78.9% |
| Oct-2017 | 78.8% |
| Nov-2017 | 78.9% |
| Dec-2017 | 79.0% |
| Jan-2018 | 79.0% |
| Feb-2018 | 79.3% |
| Mar-2018 | 79.2% |
| Apr-2018 | 79.2% |
| May-2018 | 79.3% |
| Jun-2018 | 79.4% |
| Jul-2018 | 79.5% |
| Aug-2018 | 79.4% |
| Sep-2018 | 79.3% |
| Oct-2018 | 79.7% |
| Nov-2018 | 79.6% |
| Dec-2018 | 79.6% |
| Jan-2019 | 79.8% |
| Feb-2019 | 79.9% |
| Mar-2019 | 79.8% |
| Apr-2019 | 79.7% |
| May-2019 | 79.7% |
| Jun-2019 | 79.8% |
| Jul-2019 | 79.5% |
| Aug-2019 | 80.1% |
| Sep-2019 | 80.1% |
| Oct-2019 | 80.3% |
| Nov-2019 | 80.3% |
| Dec-2019 | 80.4% |
| Jan-2020 | 80.6% |
| Feb-2020 | 80.5% |
| Mar-2020 | 79.6% |
| Apr-2020 | 69.7% |
| May-2020 | 71.4% |
| Jun-2020 | 73.5% |
| Jul-2020 | 73.8% |
| Aug-2020 | 75.3% |
| Sep-2020 | 75.0% |
| Oct-2020 | 76 % |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Current Population Survey public data
Unemployment rate, 1948–2020
| Date | Unemployment rate |
|---|---|
| Jan-1948 | 3.4% |
| Feb-1948 | 3.8% |
| Mar-1948 | 4.0% |
| Apr-1948 | 3.9% |
| May-1948 | 3.5% |
| Jun-1948 | 3.6% |
| Jul-1948 | 3.6% |
| Aug-1948 | 3.9% |
| Sep-1948 | 3.8% |
| Oct-1948 | 3.7% |
| Nov-1948 | 3.8% |
| Dec-1948 | 4.0% |
| Jan-1949 | 4.3% |
| Feb-1949 | 4.7% |
| Mar-1949 | 5.0% |
| Apr-1949 | 5.3% |
| May-1949 | 6.1% |
| Jun-1949 | 6.2% |
| Jul-1949 | 6.7% |
| Aug-1949 | 6.8% |
| Sep-1949 | 6.6% |
| Oct-1949 | 7.9% |
| Nov-1949 | 6.4% |
| Dec-1949 | 6.6% |
| Jan-1950 | 6.5% |
| Feb-1950 | 6.4% |
| Mar-1950 | 6.3% |
| Apr-1950 | 5.8% |
| May-1950 | 5.5% |
| Jun-1950 | 5.4% |
| Jul-1950 | 5.0% |
| Aug-1950 | 4.5% |
| Sep-1950 | 4.4% |
| Oct-1950 | 4.2% |
| Nov-1950 | 4.2% |
| Dec-1950 | 4.3% |
| Jan-1951 | 3.7% |
| Feb-1951 | 3.4% |
| Mar-1951 | 3.4% |
| Apr-1951 | 3.1% |
| May-1951 | 3.0% |
| Jun-1951 | 3.2% |
| Jul-1951 | 3.1% |
| Aug-1951 | 3.1% |
| Sep-1951 | 3.3% |
| Oct-1951 | 3.5% |
| Nov-1951 | 3.5% |
| Dec-1951 | 3.1% |
| Jan-1952 | 3.2% |
| Feb-1952 | 3.1% |
| Mar-1952 | 2.9% |
| Apr-1952 | 2.9% |
| May-1952 | 3.0% |
| Jun-1952 | 3.0% |
| Jul-1952 | 3.2% |
| Aug-1952 | 3.4% |
| Sep-1952 | 3.1% |
| Oct-1952 | 3.0% |
| Nov-1952 | 2.8% |
| Dec-1952 | 2.7% |
| Jan-1953 | 2.9% |
| Feb-1953 | 2.6% |
| Mar-1953 | 2.6% |
| Apr-1953 | 2.7% |
| May-1953 | 2.5% |
| Jun-1953 | 2.5% |
| Jul-1953 | 2.6% |
| Aug-1953 | 2.7% |
| Sep-1953 | 2.9% |
| Oct-1953 | 3.1% |
| Nov-1953 | 3.5% |
| Dec-1953 | 4.5% |
| Jan-1954 | 4.9% |
| Feb-1954 | 5.2% |
| Mar-1954 | 5.7% |
| Apr-1954 | 5.9% |
| May-1954 | 5.9% |
| Jun-1954 | 5.6% |
| Jul-1954 | 5.8% |
| Aug-1954 | 6.0% |
| Sep-1954 | 6.1% |
| Oct-1954 | 5.7% |
| Nov-1954 | 5.3% |
| Dec-1954 | 5.0% |
| Jan-1955 | 4.9% |
| Feb-1955 | 4.7% |
| Mar-1955 | 4.6% |
| Apr-1955 | 4.7% |
| May-1955 | 4.3% |
| Jun-1955 | 4.2% |
| Jul-1955 | 4.0% |
| Aug-1955 | 4.2% |
| Sep-1955 | 4.1% |
| Oct-1955 | 4.3% |
| Nov-1955 | 4.2% |
| Dec-1955 | 4.2% |
| Jan-1956 | 4.0% |
| Feb-1956 | 3.9% |
| Mar-1956 | 4.2% |
| Apr-1956 | 4.0% |
| May-1956 | 4.3% |
| Jun-1956 | 4.3% |
| Jul-1956 | 4.4% |
| Aug-1956 | 4.1% |
| Sep-1956 | 3.9% |
| Oct-1956 | 3.9% |
| Nov-1956 | 4.3% |
| Dec-1956 | 4.2% |
| Jan-1957 | 4.2% |
| Feb-1957 | 3.9% |
| Mar-1957 | 3.7% |
| Apr-1957 | 3.9% |
| May-1957 | 4.1% |
| Jun-1957 | 4.3% |
| Jul-1957 | 4.2% |
| Aug-1957 | 4.1% |
| Sep-1957 | 4.4% |
| Oct-1957 | 4.5% |
| Nov-1957 | 5.1% |
| Dec-1957 | 5.2% |
| Jan-1958 | 5.8% |
| Feb-1958 | 6.4% |
| Mar-1958 | 6.7% |
| Apr-1958 | 7.4% |
| May-1958 | 7.4% |
| Jun-1958 | 7.3% |
| Jul-1958 | 7.5% |
| Aug-1958 | 7.4% |
| Sep-1958 | 7.1% |
| Oct-1958 | 6.7% |
| Nov-1958 | 6.2% |
| Dec-1958 | 6.2% |
| Jan-1959 | 6.0% |
| Feb-1959 | 5.9% |
| Mar-1959 | 5.6% |
| Apr-1959 | 5.2% |
| May-1959 | 5.1% |
| Jun-1959 | 5.0% |
| Jul-1959 | 5.1% |
| Aug-1959 | 5.2% |
| Sep-1959 | 5.5% |
| Oct-1959 | 5.7% |
| Nov-1959 | 5.8% |
| Dec-1959 | 5.3% |
| Jan-1960 | 5.2% |
| Feb-1960 | 4.8% |
| Mar-1960 | 5.4% |
| Apr-1960 | 5.2% |
| May-1960 | 5.1% |
| Jun-1960 | 5.4% |
| Jul-1960 | 5.5% |
| Aug-1960 | 5.6% |
| Sep-1960 | 5.5% |
| Oct-1960 | 6.1% |
| Nov-1960 | 6.1% |
| Dec-1960 | 6.6% |
| Jan-1961 | 6.6% |
| Feb-1961 | 6.9% |
| Mar-1961 | 6.9% |
| Apr-1961 | 7.0% |
| May-1961 | 7.1% |
| Jun-1961 | 6.9% |
| Jul-1961 | 7.0% |
| Aug-1961 | 6.6% |
| Sep-1961 | 6.7% |
| Oct-1961 | 6.5% |
| Nov-1961 | 6.1% |
| Dec-1961 | 6.0% |
| Jan-1962 | 5.8% |
| Feb-1962 | 5.5% |
| Mar-1962 | 5.6% |
| Apr-1962 | 5.6% |
| May-1962 | 5.5% |
| Jun-1962 | 5.5% |
| Jul-1962 | 5.4% |
| Aug-1962 | 5.7% |
| Sep-1962 | 5.6% |
| Oct-1962 | 5.4% |
| Nov-1962 | 5.7% |
| Dec-1962 | 5.5% |
| Jan-1963 | 5.7% |
| Feb-1963 | 5.9% |
| Mar-1963 | 5.7% |
| Apr-1963 | 5.7% |
| May-1963 | 5.9% |
| Jun-1963 | 5.6% |
| Jul-1963 | 5.6% |
| Aug-1963 | 5.4% |
| Sep-1963 | 5.5% |
| Oct-1963 | 5.5% |
| Nov-1963 | 5.7% |
| Dec-1963 | 5.5% |
| Jan-1964 | 5.6% |
| Feb-1964 | 5.4% |
| Mar-1964 | 5.4% |
| Apr-1964 | 5.3% |
| May-1964 | 5.1% |
| Jun-1964 | 5.2% |
| Jul-1964 | 4.9% |
| Aug-1964 | 5.0% |
| Sep-1964 | 5.1% |
| Oct-1964 | 5.1% |
| Nov-1964 | 4.8% |
| Dec-1964 | 5.0% |
| Jan-1965 | 4.9% |
| Feb-1965 | 5.1% |
| Mar-1965 | 4.7% |
| Apr-1965 | 4.8% |
| May-1965 | 4.6% |
| Jun-1965 | 4.6% |
| Jul-1965 | 4.4% |
| Aug-1965 | 4.4% |
| Sep-1965 | 4.3% |
| Oct-1965 | 4.2% |
| Nov-1965 | 4.1% |
| Dec-1965 | 4.0% |
| Jan-1966 | 4.0% |
| Feb-1966 | 3.8% |
| Mar-1966 | 3.8% |
| Apr-1966 | 3.8% |
| May-1966 | 3.9% |
| Jun-1966 | 3.8% |
| Jul-1966 | 3.8% |
| Aug-1966 | 3.8% |
| Sep-1966 | 3.7% |
| Oct-1966 | 3.7% |
| Nov-1966 | 3.6% |
| Dec-1966 | 3.8% |
| Jan-1967 | 3.9% |
| Feb-1967 | 3.8% |
| Mar-1967 | 3.8% |
| Apr-1967 | 3.8% |
| May-1967 | 3.8% |
| Jun-1967 | 3.9% |
| Jul-1967 | 3.8% |
| Aug-1967 | 3.8% |
| Sep-1967 | 3.8% |
| Oct-1967 | 4.0% |
| Nov-1967 | 3.9% |
| Dec-1967 | 3.8% |
| Jan-1968 | 3.7% |
| Feb-1968 | 3.8% |
| Mar-1968 | 3.7% |
| Apr-1968 | 3.5% |
| May-1968 | 3.5% |
| Jun-1968 | 3.7% |
| Jul-1968 | 3.7% |
| Aug-1968 | 3.5% |
| Sep-1968 | 3.4% |
| Oct-1968 | 3.4% |
| Nov-1968 | 3.4% |
| Dec-1968 | 3.4% |
| Jan-1969 | 3.4% |
| Feb-1969 | 3.4% |
| Mar-1969 | 3.4% |
| Apr-1969 | 3.4% |
| May-1969 | 3.4% |
| Jun-1969 | 3.5% |
| Jul-1969 | 3.5% |
| Aug-1969 | 3.5% |
| Sep-1969 | 3.7% |
| Oct-1969 | 3.7% |
| Nov-1969 | 3.5% |
| Dec-1969 | 3.5% |
| Jan-1970 | 3.9% |
| Feb-1970 | 4.2% |
| Mar-1970 | 4.4% |
| Apr-1970 | 4.6% |
| May-1970 | 4.8% |
| Jun-1970 | 4.9% |
| Jul-1970 | 5.0% |
| Aug-1970 | 5.1% |
| Sep-1970 | 5.4% |
| Oct-1970 | 5.5% |
| Nov-1970 | 5.9% |
| Dec-1970 | 6.1% |
| Jan-1971 | 5.9% |
| Feb-1971 | 5.9% |
| Mar-1971 | 6.0% |
| Apr-1971 | 5.9% |
| May-1971 | 5.9% |
| Jun-1971 | 5.9% |
| Jul-1971 | 6.0% |
| Aug-1971 | 6.1% |
| Sep-1971 | 6.0% |
| Oct-1971 | 5.8% |
| Nov-1971 | 6.0% |
| Dec-1971 | 6.0% |
| Jan-1972 | 5.8% |
| Feb-1972 | 5.7% |
| Mar-1972 | 5.8% |
| Apr-1972 | 5.7% |
| May-1972 | 5.7% |
| Jun-1972 | 5.7% |
| Jul-1972 | 5.6% |
| Aug-1972 | 5.6% |
| Sep-1972 | 5.5% |
| Oct-1972 | 5.6% |
| Nov-1972 | 5.3% |
| Dec-1972 | 5.2% |
| Jan-1973 | 4.9% |
| Feb-1973 | 5.0% |
| Mar-1973 | 4.9% |
| Apr-1973 | 5.0% |
| May-1973 | 4.9% |
| Jun-1973 | 4.9% |
| Jul-1973 | 4.8% |
| Aug-1973 | 4.8% |
| Sep-1973 | 4.8% |
| Oct-1973 | 4.6% |
| Nov-1973 | 4.8% |
| Dec-1973 | 4.9% |
| Jan-1974 | 5.1% |
| Feb-1974 | 5.2% |
| Mar-1974 | 5.1% |
| Apr-1974 | 5.1% |
| May-1974 | 5.1% |
| Jun-1974 | 5.4% |
| Jul-1974 | 5.5% |
| Aug-1974 | 5.5% |
| Sep-1974 | 5.9% |
| Oct-1974 | 6.0% |
| Nov-1974 | 6.6% |
| Dec-1974 | 7.2% |
| Jan-1975 | 8.1% |
| Feb-1975 | 8.1% |
| Mar-1975 | 8.6% |
| Apr-1975 | 8.8% |
| May-1975 | 9.0% |
| Jun-1975 | 8.8% |
| Jul-1975 | 8.6% |
| Aug-1975 | 8.4% |
| Sep-1975 | 8.4% |
| Oct-1975 | 8.4% |
| Nov-1975 | 8.3% |
| Dec-1975 | 8.2% |
| Jan-1976 | 7.9% |
| Feb-1976 | 7.7% |
| Mar-1976 | 7.6% |
| Apr-1976 | 7.7% |
| May-1976 | 7.4% |
| Jun-1976 | 7.6% |
| Jul-1976 | 7.8% |
| Aug-1976 | 7.8% |
| Sep-1976 | 7.6% |
| Oct-1976 | 7.7% |
| Nov-1976 | 7.8% |
| Dec-1976 | 7.8% |
| Jan-1977 | 7.5% |
| Feb-1977 | 7.6% |
| Mar-1977 | 7.4% |
| Apr-1977 | 7.2% |
| May-1977 | 7.0% |
| Jun-1977 | 7.2% |
| Jul-1977 | 6.9% |
| Aug-1977 | 7.0% |
| Sep-1977 | 6.8% |
| Oct-1977 | 6.8% |
| Nov-1977 | 6.8% |
| Dec-1977 | 6.4% |
| Jan-1978 | 6.4% |
| Feb-1978 | 6.3% |
| Mar-1978 | 6.3% |
| Apr-1978 | 6.1% |
| May-1978 | 6.0% |
| Jun-1978 | 5.9% |
| Jul-1978 | 6.2% |
| Aug-1978 | 5.9% |
| Sep-1978 | 6.0% |
| Oct-1978 | 5.8% |
| Nov-1978 | 5.9% |
| Dec-1978 | 6.0% |
| Jan-1979 | 5.9% |
| Feb-1979 | 5.9% |
| Mar-1979 | 5.8% |
| Apr-1979 | 5.8% |
| May-1979 | 5.6% |
| Jun-1979 | 5.7% |
| Jul-1979 | 5.7% |
| Aug-1979 | 6.0% |
| Sep-1979 | 5.9% |
| Oct-1979 | 6.0% |
| Nov-1979 | 5.9% |
| Dec-1979 | 6.0% |
| Jan-1980 | 6.3% |
| Feb-1980 | 6.3% |
| Mar-1980 | 6.3% |
| Apr-1980 | 6.9% |
| May-1980 | 7.5% |
| Jun-1980 | 7.6% |
| Jul-1980 | 7.8% |
| Aug-1980 | 7.7% |
| Sep-1980 | 7.5% |
| Oct-1980 | 7.5% |
| Nov-1980 | 7.5% |
| Dec-1980 | 7.2% |
| Jan-1981 | 7.5% |
| Feb-1981 | 7.4% |
| Mar-1981 | 7.4% |
| Apr-1981 | 7.2% |
| May-1981 | 7.5% |
| Jun-1981 | 7.5% |
| Jul-1981 | 7.2% |
| Aug-1981 | 7.4% |
| Sep-1981 | 7.6% |
| Oct-1981 | 7.9% |
| Nov-1981 | 8.3% |
| Dec-1981 | 8.5% |
| Jan-1982 | 8.6% |
| Feb-1982 | 8.9% |
| Mar-1982 | 9.0% |
| Apr-1982 | 9.3% |
| May-1982 | 9.4% |
| Jun-1982 | 9.6% |
| Jul-1982 | 9.8% |
| Aug-1982 | 9.8% |
| Sep-1982 | 10.1% |
| Oct-1982 | 10.4% |
| Nov-1982 | 10.8% |
| Dec-1982 | 10.8% |
| Jan-1983 | 10.4% |
| Feb-1983 | 10.4% |
| Mar-1983 | 10.3% |
| Apr-1983 | 10.2% |
| May-1983 | 10.1% |
| Jun-1983 | 10.1% |
| Jul-1983 | 9.4% |
| Aug-1983 | 9.5% |
| Sep-1983 | 9.2% |
| Oct-1983 | 8.8% |
| Nov-1983 | 8.5% |
| Dec-1983 | 8.3% |
| Jan-1984 | 8.0% |
| Feb-1984 | 7.8% |
| Mar-1984 | 7.8% |
| Apr-1984 | 7.7% |
| May-1984 | 7.4% |
| Jun-1984 | 7.2% |
| Jul-1984 | 7.5% |
| Aug-1984 | 7.5% |
| Sep-1984 | 7.3% |
| Oct-1984 | 7.4% |
| Nov-1984 | 7.2% |
| Dec-1984 | 7.3% |
| Jan-1985 | 7.3% |
| Feb-1985 | 7.2% |
| Mar-1985 | 7.2% |
| Apr-1985 | 7.3% |
| May-1985 | 7.2% |
| Jun-1985 | 7.4% |
| Jul-1985 | 7.4% |
| Aug-1985 | 7.1% |
| Sep-1985 | 7.1% |
| Oct-1985 | 7.1% |
| Nov-1985 | 7.0% |
| Dec-1985 | 7.0% |
| Jan-1986 | 6.7% |
| Feb-1986 | 7.2% |
| Mar-1986 | 7.2% |
| Apr-1986 | 7.1% |
| May-1986 | 7.2% |
| Jun-1986 | 7.2% |
| Jul-1986 | 7.0% |
| Aug-1986 | 6.9% |
| Sep-1986 | 7.0% |
| Oct-1986 | 7.0% |
| Nov-1986 | 6.9% |
| Dec-1986 | 6.6% |
| Jan-1987 | 6.6% |
| Feb-1987 | 6.6% |
| Mar-1987 | 6.6% |
| Apr-1987 | 6.3% |
| May-1987 | 6.3% |
| Jun-1987 | 6.2% |
| Jul-1987 | 6.1% |
| Aug-1987 | 6.0% |
| Sep-1987 | 5.9% |
| Oct-1987 | 6.0% |
| Nov-1987 | 5.8% |
| Dec-1987 | 5.7% |
| Jan-1988 | 5.7% |
| Feb-1988 | 5.7% |
| Mar-1988 | 5.7% |
| Apr-1988 | 5.4% |
| May-1988 | 5.6% |
| Jun-1988 | 5.4% |
| Jul-1988 | 5.4% |
| Aug-1988 | 5.6% |
| Sep-1988 | 5.4% |
| Oct-1988 | 5.4% |
| Nov-1988 | 5.3% |
| Dec-1988 | 5.3% |
| Jan-1989 | 5.4% |
| Feb-1989 | 5.2% |
| Mar-1989 | 5.0% |
| Apr-1989 | 5.2% |
| May-1989 | 5.2% |
| Jun-1989 | 5.3% |
| Jul-1989 | 5.2% |
| Aug-1989 | 5.2% |
| Sep-1989 | 5.3% |
| Oct-1989 | 5.3% |
| Nov-1989 | 5.4% |
| Dec-1989 | 5.4% |
| Jan-1990 | 5.4% |
| Feb-1990 | 5.3% |
| Mar-1990 | 5.2% |
| Apr-1990 | 5.4% |
| May-1990 | 5.4% |
| Jun-1990 | 5.2% |
| Jul-1990 | 5.5% |
| Aug-1990 | 5.7% |
| Sep-1990 | 5.9% |
| Oct-1990 | 5.9% |
| Nov-1990 | 6.2% |
| Dec-1990 | 6.3% |
| Jan-1991 | 6.4% |
| Feb-1991 | 6.6% |
| Mar-1991 | 6.8% |
| Apr-1991 | 6.7% |
| May-1991 | 6.9% |
| Jun-1991 | 6.9% |
| Jul-1991 | 6.8% |
| Aug-1991 | 6.9% |
| Sep-1991 | 6.9% |
| Oct-1991 | 7.0% |
| Nov-1991 | 7.0% |
| Dec-1991 | 7.3% |
| Jan-1992 | 7.3% |
| Feb-1992 | 7.4% |
| Mar-1992 | 7.4% |
| Apr-1992 | 7.4% |
| May-1992 | 7.6% |
| Jun-1992 | 7.8% |
| Jul-1992 | 7.7% |
| Aug-1992 | 7.6% |
| Sep-1992 | 7.6% |
| Oct-1992 | 7.3% |
| Nov-1992 | 7.4% |
| Dec-1992 | 7.4% |
| Jan-1993 | 7.3% |
| Feb-1993 | 7.1% |
| Mar-1993 | 7.0% |
| Apr-1993 | 7.1% |
| May-1993 | 7.1% |
| Jun-1993 | 7.0% |
| Jul-1993 | 6.9% |
| Aug-1993 | 6.8% |
| Sep-1993 | 6.7% |
| Oct-1993 | 6.8% |
| Nov-1993 | 6.6% |
| Dec-1993 | 6.5% |
| Jan-1994 | 6.6% |
| Feb-1994 | 6.6% |
| Mar-1994 | 6.5% |
| Apr-1994 | 6.4% |
| May-1994 | 6.1% |
| Jun-1994 | 6.1% |
| Jul-1994 | 6.1% |
| Aug-1994 | 6.0% |
| Sep-1994 | 5.9% |
| Oct-1994 | 5.8% |
| Nov-1994 | 5.6% |
| Dec-1994 | 5.5% |
| Jan-1995 | 5.6% |
| Feb-1995 | 5.4% |
| Mar-1995 | 5.4% |
| Apr-1995 | 5.8% |
| May-1995 | 5.6% |
| Jun-1995 | 5.6% |
| Jul-1995 | 5.7% |
| Aug-1995 | 5.7% |
| Sep-1995 | 5.6% |
| Oct-1995 | 5.5% |
| Nov-1995 | 5.6% |
| Dec-1995 | 5.6% |
| Jan-1996 | 5.6% |
| Feb-1996 | 5.5% |
| Mar-1996 | 5.5% |
| Apr-1996 | 5.6% |
| May-1996 | 5.6% |
| Jun-1996 | 5.3% |
| Jul-1996 | 5.5% |
| Aug-1996 | 5.1% |
| Sep-1996 | 5.2% |
| Oct-1996 | 5.2% |
| Nov-1996 | 5.4% |
| Dec-1996 | 5.4% |
| Jan-1997 | 5.3% |
| Feb-1997 | 5.2% |
| Mar-1997 | 5.2% |
| Apr-1997 | 5.1% |
| May-1997 | 4.9% |
| Jun-1997 | 5.0% |
| Jul-1997 | 4.9% |
| Aug-1997 | 4.8% |
| Sep-1997 | 4.9% |
| Oct-1997 | 4.7% |
| Nov-1997 | 4.6% |
| Dec-1997 | 4.7% |
| Jan-1998 | 4.6% |
| Feb-1998 | 4.6% |
| Mar-1998 | 4.7% |
| Apr-1998 | 4.3% |
| May-1998 | 4.4% |
| Jun-1998 | 4.5% |
| Jul-1998 | 4.5% |
| Aug-1998 | 4.5% |
| Sep-1998 | 4.6% |
| Oct-1998 | 4.5% |
| Nov-1998 | 4.4% |
| Dec-1998 | 4.4% |
| Jan-1999 | 4.3% |
| Feb-1999 | 4.4% |
| Mar-1999 | 4.2% |
| Apr-1999 | 4.3% |
| May-1999 | 4.2% |
| Jun-1999 | 4.3% |
| Jul-1999 | 4.3% |
| Aug-1999 | 4.2% |
| Sep-1999 | 4.2% |
| Oct-1999 | 4.1% |
| Nov-1999 | 4.1% |
| Dec-1999 | 4.0% |
| Jan-2000 | 4.0% |
| Feb-2000 | 4.1% |
| Mar-2000 | 4.0% |
| Apr-2000 | 3.8% |
| May-2000 | 4.0% |
| Jun-2000 | 4.0% |
| Jul-2000 | 4.0% |
| Aug-2000 | 4.1% |
| Sep-2000 | 3.9% |
| Oct-2000 | 3.9% |
| Nov-2000 | 3.9% |
| Dec-2000 | 3.9% |
| Jan-2001 | 4.2% |
| Feb-2001 | 4.2% |
| Mar-2001 | 4.3% |
| Apr-2001 | 4.4% |
| May-2001 | 4.3% |
| Jun-2001 | 4.5% |
| Jul-2001 | 4.6% |
| Aug-2001 | 4.9% |
| Sep-2001 | 5.0% |
| Oct-2001 | 5.3% |
| Nov-2001 | 5.5% |
| Dec-2001 | 5.7% |
| Jan-2002 | 5.7% |
| Feb-2002 | 5.7% |
| Mar-2002 | 5.7% |
| Apr-2002 | 5.9% |
| May-2002 | 5.8% |
| Jun-2002 | 5.8% |
| Jul-2002 | 5.8% |
| Aug-2002 | 5.7% |
| Sep-2002 | 5.7% |
| Oct-2002 | 5.7% |
| Nov-2002 | 5.9% |
| Dec-2002 | 6.0% |
| Jan-2003 | 5.8% |
| Feb-2003 | 5.9% |
| Mar-2003 | 5.9% |
| Apr-2003 | 6.0% |
| May-2003 | 6.1% |
| Jun-2003 | 6.3% |
| Jul-2003 | 6.2% |
| Aug-2003 | 6.1% |
| Sep-2003 | 6.1% |
| Oct-2003 | 6.0% |
| Nov-2003 | 5.8% |
| Dec-2003 | 5.7% |
| Jan-2004 | 5.7% |
| Feb-2004 | 5.6% |
| Mar-2004 | 5.8% |
| Apr-2004 | 5.6% |
| May-2004 | 5.6% |
| Jun-2004 | 5.6% |
| Jul-2004 | 5.5% |
| Aug-2004 | 5.4% |
| Sep-2004 | 5.4% |
| Oct-2004 | 5.5% |
| Nov-2004 | 5.4% |
| Dec-2004 | 5.4% |
| Jan-2005 | 5.3% |
| Feb-2005 | 5.4% |
| Mar-2005 | 5.2% |
| Apr-2005 | 5.2% |
| May-2005 | 5.1% |
| Jun-2005 | 5.0% |
| Jul-2005 | 5.0% |
| Aug-2005 | 4.9% |
| Sep-2005 | 5.0% |
| Oct-2005 | 5.0% |
| Nov-2005 | 5.0% |
| Dec-2005 | 4.9% |
| Jan-2006 | 4.7% |
| Feb-2006 | 4.8% |
| Mar-2006 | 4.7% |
| Apr-2006 | 4.7% |
| May-2006 | 4.6% |
| Jun-2006 | 4.6% |
| Jul-2006 | 4.7% |
| Aug-2006 | 4.7% |
| Sep-2006 | 4.5% |
| Oct-2006 | 4.4% |
| Nov-2006 | 4.5% |
| Dec-2006 | 4.4% |
| Jan-2007 | 4.6% |
| Feb-2007 | 4.5% |
| Mar-2007 | 4.4% |
| Apr-2007 | 4.5% |
| May-2007 | 4.4% |
| Jun-2007 | 4.6% |
| Jul-2007 | 4.7% |
| Aug-2007 | 4.6% |
| Sep-2007 | 4.7% |
| Oct-2007 | 4.7% |
| Nov-2007 | 4.7% |
| Dec-2007 | 5.0% |
| Jan-2008 | 5.0% |
| Feb-2008 | 4.9% |
| Mar-2008 | 5.1% |
| Apr-2008 | 5.0% |
| May-2008 | 5.4% |
| Jun-2008 | 5.6% |
| Jul-2008 | 5.8% |
| Aug-2008 | 6.1% |
| Sep-2008 | 6.1% |
| Oct-2008 | 6.5% |
| Nov-2008 | 6.8% |
| Dec-2008 | 7.3% |
| Jan-2009 | 7.8% |
| Feb-2009 | 8.3% |
| Mar-2009 | 8.7% |
| Apr-2009 | 9.0% |
| May-2009 | 9.4% |
| Jun-2009 | 9.5% |
| Jul-2009 | 9.5% |
| Aug-2009 | 9.6% |
| Sep-2009 | 9.8% |
| Oct-2009 | 10.0% |
| Nov-2009 | 9.9% |
| Dec-2009 | 9.9% |
| Jan-2010 | 9.8% |
| Feb-2010 | 9.8% |
| Mar-2010 | 9.9% |
| Apr-2010 | 9.9% |
| May-2010 | 9.6% |
| Jun-2010 | 9.4% |
| Jul-2010 | 9.4% |
| Aug-2010 | 9.5% |
| Sep-2010 | 9.5% |
| Oct-2010 | 9.4% |
| Nov-2010 | 9.8% |
| Dec-2010 | 9.3% |
| Jan-2011 | 9.1% |
| Feb-2011 | 9.0% |
| Mar-2011 | 9.0% |
| Apr-2011 | 9.1% |
| May-2011 | 9.0% |
| Jun-2011 | 9.1% |
| Jul-2011 | 9.0% |
| Aug-2011 | 9.0% |
| Sep-2011 | 9.0% |
| Oct-2011 | 8.8% |
| Nov-2011 | 8.6% |
| Dec-2011 | 8.5% |
| Jan-2012 | 8.3% |
| Feb-2012 | 8.3% |
| Mar-2012 | 8.2% |
| Apr-2012 | 8.2% |
| May-2012 | 8.2% |
| Jun-2012 | 8.2% |
| Jul-2012 | 8.2% |
| Aug-2012 | 8.1% |
| Sep-2012 | 7.8% |
| Oct-2012 | 7.8% |
| Nov-2012 | 7.7% |
| Dec-2012 | 7.9% |
| Jan-2013 | 8.0% |
| Feb-2013 | 7.7% |
| Mar-2013 | 7.5% |
| Apr-2013 | 7.6% |
| May-2013 | 7.5% |
| Jun-2013 | 7.5% |
| Jul-2013 | 7.3% |
| Aug-2013 | 7.2% |
| Sep-2013 | 7.2% |
| Oct-2013 | 7.2% |
| Nov-2013 | 6.9% |
| Dec-2013 | 6.7% |
| Jan-2014 | 6.6% |
| Feb-2014 | 6.7% |
| Mar-2014 | 6.7% |
| Apr-2014 | 6.2% |
| May-2014 | 6.3% |
| Jun-2014 | 6.1% |
| Jul-2014 | 6.2% |
| Aug-2014 | 6.1% |
| Sep-2014 | 5.9% |
| Oct-2014 | 5.7% |
| Nov-2014 | 5.8% |
| Dec-2014 | 5.6% |
| Jan-2015 | 5.7% |
| Feb-2015 | 5.5% |
| Mar-2015 | 5.4% |
| Apr-2015 | 5.4% |
| May-2015 | 5.6% |
| Jun-2015 | 5.3% |
| Jul-2015 | 5.2% |
| Aug-2015 | 5.1% |
| Sep-2015 | 5.0% |
| Oct-2015 | 5.0% |
| Nov-2015 | 5.1% |
| Dec-2015 | 5.0% |
| Jan-2016 | 4.9% |
| Feb-2016 | 4.9% |
| Mar-2016 | 5.0% |
| Apr-2016 | 5.0% |
| May-2016 | 4.8% |
| Jun-2016 | 4.9% |
| Jul-2016 | 4.8% |
| Aug-2016 | 4.9% |
| Sep-2016 | 5.0% |
| Oct-2016 | 4.9% |
| Nov-2016 | 4.7% |
| Dec-2016 | 4.7% |
| Jan-2017 | 4.7% |
| Feb-2017 | 4.6% |
| Mar-2017 | 4.4% |
| Apr-2017 | 4.4% |
| May-2017 | 4.4% |
| Jun-2017 | 4.3% |
| Jul-2017 | 4.3% |
| Aug-2017 | 4.4% |
| Sep-2017 | 4.2% |
| Oct-2017 | 4.1% |
| Nov-2017 | 4.2% |
| Dec-2017 | 4.1% |
| Jan-2018 | 4.1% |
| Feb-2018 | 4.1% |
| Mar-2018 | 4.0% |
| Apr-2018 | 4.0% |
| May-2018 | 3.8% |
| Jun-2018 | 4.0% |
| Jul-2018 | 3.8% |
| Aug-2018 | 3.8% |
| Sep-2018 | 3.7% |
| Oct-2018 | 3.8% |
| Nov-2018 | 3.7% |
| Dec-2018 | 3.9% |
| Jan-2019 | 4.0% |
| Feb-2019 | 3.8% |
| Mar-2019 | 3.8% |
| Apr-2019 | 3.6% |
| May-2019 | 3.6% |
| Jun-2019 | 3.7% |
| Jul-2019 | 3.7% |
| Aug-2019 | 3.7% |
| Sep-2019 | 3.5% |
| Oct-2019 | 3.6% |
| Nov-2019 | 3.5% |
| Dec-2019 | 3.5% |
| Jan-2020 | 3.6% |
| Feb-2020 | 3.5% |
| Mar-2020 | 4.4% |
| Apr-2020 | 14.7% |
| May-2020 | 13.3% |
| Jun-2020 | 11.1% |
| Jul-2020 | 10.2% |
| Aug-2020 | 8.4% |
| Sep-2020 | 7.9% |
| Oct-2020 | 6.9% |
Note: Shaded areas denote recessions.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Population Survey
Share of newly employed workers who said that they were not actively searching for work in the previous month
| Date | Share of newly employed workers who said that they were not actively searching for work in the previous month |
|---|---|
| Apr-1990 | 61.91% |
| May-1990 | 62.55% |
| Jun-1990 | 61.98% |
| Jul-1990 | 62.01% |
| Aug-1990 | 61.56% |
| Sep-1990 | 62.30% |
| Oct-1990 | 61.03% |
| Nov-1990 | 61.24% |
| Dec-1990 | 60.36% |
| Jan-1991 | 59.87% |
| Feb-1991 | 58.97% |
| Mar-1991 | 58.51% |
| Apr-1991 | 57.68% |
| May-1991 | 57.58% |
| Jun-1991 | 57.20% |
| Jul-1991 | 58.03% |
| Aug-1991 | 57.75% |
| Sep-1991 | 57.72% |
| Oct-1991 | 57.27% |
| Nov-1991 | 56.94% |
| Dec-1991 | 57.05% |
| Jan-1992 | 56.81% |
| Feb-1992 | 57.08% |
| Mar-1992 | 57.11% |
| Apr-1992 | 57.16% |
| May-1992 | 57.30% |
| Jun-1992 | 56.58% |
| Jul-1992 | 56.42% |
| Aug-1992 | 56.13% |
| Sep-1992 | 55.95% |
| Oct-1992 | 55.74% |
| Nov-1992 | 55.83% |
| Dec-1992 | 56.14% |
| Jan-1993 | 56.61% |
| Feb-1993 | 57.70% |
| Mar-1993 | 58.25% |
| Apr-1993 | 58.41% |
| May-1993 | 58.24% |
| Jun-1993 | 58.06% |
| Jul-1993 | 57.54% |
| Aug-1993 | 57.51% |
| Sep-1993 | 58.03% |
| Oct-1993 | 58.92% |
| Nov-1993 | 58.48% |
| Dec-1993 | 58.30% |
| Jan-1994 | 58.76% |
| Feb-1994 | 59.24% |
| Mar-1994 | 59.09% |
| Apr-1994 | 58.66% |
| May-1994 | 58.31% |
| Jun-1994 | 58.47% |
| Jul-1994 | 58.58% |
| Aug-1994 | 59.04% |
| Sep-1994 | 59.14% |
| Oct-1994 | 59.80% |
| Nov-1994 | 60.09% |
| Dec-1994 | 60.32% |
| Jan-1995 | 60.35% |
| Feb-1995 | 59.53% |
| Mar-1995 | 59.69% |
| Apr-1995 | 59.74% |
| May-1995 | 59.22% |
| Jun-1995 | 59.54% |
| Jul-1995 | 59.50% |
| Aug-1995 | 59.97% |
| Sep-1995 | 60.22% |
| Oct-1995 | 59.86% |
| Nov-1995 | 60.61% |
| Dec-1995 | 59.90% |
| Jan-1996 | 59.78% |
| Feb-1996 | 60.28% |
| Mar-1996 | 60.69% |
| Apr-1996 | 60.99% |
| May-1996 | 60.71% |
| Jun-1996 | 60.85% |
| Jul-1996 | 61.46% |
| Aug-1996 | 60.78% |
| Sep-1996 | 60.92% |
| Oct-1996 | 60.24% |
| Nov-1996 | 60.56% |
| Dec-1996 | 59.62% |
| Jan-1997 | 59.08% |
| Feb-1997 | 58.93% |
| Mar-1997 | 60.28% |
| Apr-1997 | 61.40% |
| May-1997 | 61.77% |
| Jun-1997 | 61.13% |
| Jul-1997 | 60.35% |
| Aug-1997 | 61.26% |
| Sep-1997 | 61.89% |
| Oct-1997 | 62.50% |
| Nov-1997 | 62.69% |
| Dec-1997 | 62.83% |
| Jan-1998 | 63.34% |
| Feb-1998 | 62.70% |
| Mar-1998 | 62.88% |
| Apr-1998 | 62.38% |
| May-1998 | 63.49% |
| Jun-1998 | 63.25% |
| Jul-1998 | 64.18% |
| Aug-1998 | 63.98% |
| Sep-1998 | 65.24% |
| Oct-1998 | 65.14% |
| Nov-1998 | 65.06% |
| Dec-1998 | 64.93% |
| Jan-1999 | 65.59% |
| Feb-1999 | 65.54% |
| Mar-1999 | 64.20% |
| Apr-1999 | 65.28% |
| May-1999 | 66.12% |
| Jun-1999 | 67.42% |
| Jul-1999 | 66.38% |
| Aug-1999 | 65.65% |
| Sep-1999 | 65.35% |
| Oct-1999 | 65.50% |
| Nov-1999 | 65.26% |
| Dec-1999 | 65.11% |
| Jan-2000 | 64.37% |
| Feb-2000 | 65.40% |
| Mar-2000 | 65.66% |
| Apr-2000 | 65.87% |
| May-2000 | 65.60% |
| Jun-2000 | 65.92% |
| Jul-2000 | 65.39% |
| Aug-2000 | 65.47% |
| Sep-2000 | 65.60% |
| Oct-2000 | 66.51% |
| Nov-2000 | 67.39% |
| Dec-2000 | 68.09% |
| Jan-2001 | 69.03% |
| Feb-2001 | 68.55% |
| Mar-2001 | 67.91% |
| Apr-2001 | 66.88% |
| May-2001 | 65.76% |
| Jun-2001 | 65.32% |
| Jul-2001 | 65.75% |
| Aug-2001 | 66.18% |
| Sep-2001 | 66.57% |
| Oct-2001 | 65.46% |
| Nov-2001 | 64.39% |
| Dec-2001 | 62.92% |
| Jan-2002 | 62.56% |
| Feb-2002 | 62.33% |
| Mar-2002 | 61.68% |
| Apr-2002 | 61.94% |
| May-2002 | 62.81% |
| Jun-2002 | 64.43% |
| Jul-2002 | 64.51% |
| Aug-2002 | 64.04% |
| Sep-2002 | 63.05% |
| Oct-2002 | 63.07% |
| Nov-2002 | 63.70% |
| Dec-2002 | 64.09% |
| Jan-2003 | 64.21% |
| Feb-2003 | 64.19% |
| Mar-2003 | 64.49% |
| Apr-2003 | 64.28% |
| May-2003 | 63.65% |
| Jun-2003 | 63.54% |
| Jul-2003 | 63.05% |
| Aug-2003 | 63.24% |
| Sep-2003 | 63.43% |
| Oct-2003 | 64.32% |
| Nov-2003 | 64.73% |
| Dec-2003 | 63.66% |
| Jan-2004 | 63.62% |
| Feb-2004 | 63.43% |
| Mar-2004 | 64.88% |
| Apr-2004 | 64.32% |
| May-2004 | 64.29% |
| Jun-2004 | 63.73% |
| Jul-2004 | 64.21% |
| Aug-2004 | 64.54% |
| Sep-2004 | 64.10% |
| Oct-2004 | 64.23% |
| Nov-2004 | 63.98% |
| Dec-2004 | 64.44% |
| Jan-2005 | 64.64% |
| Feb-2005 | 64.77% |
| Mar-2005 | 64.87% |
| Apr-2005 | 65.12% |
| May-2005 | 65.76% |
| Jun-2005 | 66.09% |
| Jul-2005 | 66.57% |
| Aug-2005 | 65.87% |
| Sep-2005 | 66.54% |
| Oct-2005 | 66.17% |
| Nov-2005 | 65.95% |
| Dec-2005 | 65.92% |
| Jan-2006 | 65.79% |
| Feb-2006 | 67.29% |
| Mar-2006 | 67.26% |
| Apr-2006 | 67.64% |
| May-2006 | 67.31% |
| Jun-2006 | 67.18% |
| Jul-2006 | 66.71% |
| Aug-2006 | 66.40% |
| Sep-2006 | 65.90% |
| Oct-2006 | 66.91% |
| Nov-2006 | 67.63% |
| Dec-2006 | 68.30% |
| Jan-2007 | 68.03% |
| Feb-2007 | 67.01% |
| Mar-2007 | 66.48% |
| Apr-2007 | 65.82% |
| May-2007 | 66.20% |
| Jun-2007 | 67.60% |
| Jul-2007 | 67.68% |
| Aug-2007 | 67.56% |
| Sep-2007 | 66.87% |
| Oct-2007 | 66.99% |
| Nov-2007 | 67.49% |
| Dec-2007 | 66.60% |
| Jan-2008 | 66.40% |
| Feb-2008 | 65.45% |
| Mar-2008 | 65.60% |
| Apr-2008 | 64.74% |
| May-2008 | 65.14% |
| Jun-2008 | 64.94% |
| Jul-2008 | 65.27% |
| Aug-2008 | 64.24% |
| Sep-2008 | 62.91% |
| Oct-2008 | 62.13% |
| Nov-2008 | 61.91% |
| Dec-2008 | 62.30% |
| Jan-2009 | 62.22% |
| Feb-2009 | 61.64% |
| Mar-2009 | 60.79% |
| Apr-2009 | 59.80% |
| May-2009 | 59.64% |
| Jun-2009 | 58.27% |
| Jul-2009 | 57.46% |
| Aug-2009 | 56.99% |
| Sep-2009 | 56.76% |
| Oct-2009 | 57.64% |
| Nov-2009 | 56.75% |
| Dec-2009 | 57.69% |
| Jan-2010 | 57.86% |
| Feb-2010 | 58.77% |
| Mar-2010 | 58.67% |
| Apr-2010 | 57.39% |
| May-2010 | 56.43% |
| Jun-2010 | 56.57% |
| Jul-2010 | 57.23% |
| Aug-2010 | 58.44% |
| Sep-2010 | 58.81% |
| Oct-2010 | 58.89% |
| Nov-2010 | 58.93% |
| Dec-2010 | 58.43% |
| Jan-2011 | 59.14% |
| Feb-2011 | 59.47% |
| Mar-2011 | 60.14% |
| Apr-2011 | 60.35% |
| May-2011 | 60.22% |
| Jun-2011 | 59.68% |
| Jul-2011 | 59.78% |
| Aug-2011 | 59.58% |
| Sep-2011 | 60.64% |
| Oct-2011 | 59.75% |
| Nov-2011 | 59.83% |
| Dec-2011 | 59.07% |
| Jan-2012 | 59.15% |
| Feb-2012 | 59.13% |
| Mar-2012 | 59.43% |
| Apr-2012 | 60.28% |
| May-2012 | 60.91% |
| Jun-2012 | 61.59% |
| Jul-2012 | 61.78% |
| Aug-2012 | 62.33% |
| Sep-2012 | 62.28% |
| Oct-2012 | 61.99% |
| Nov-2012 | 61.84% |
| Dec-2012 | 62.51% |
| Jan-2013 | 62.22% |
| Feb-2013 | 61.55% |
| Mar-2013 | 61.63% |
| Apr-2013 | 63.06% |
| May-2013 | 63.46% |
| Jun-2013 | 63.16% |
| Jul-2013 | 62.29% |
| Aug-2013 | 62.90% |
| Sep-2013 | 63.49% |
| Oct-2013 | 64.29% |
| Nov-2013 | 64.11% |
| Dec-2013 | 63.55% |
| Jan-2014 | 63.95% |
| Feb-2014 | 63.56% |
| Mar-2014 | 63.91% |
| Apr-2014 | 62.79% |
| May-2014 | 64.24% |
| Jun-2014 | 64.45% |
| Jul-2014 | 66.02% |
| Aug-2014 | 65.52% |
| Sep-2014 | 65.33% |
| Oct-2014 | 64.91% |
| Nov-2014 | 65.27% |
| Dec-2014 | 65.75% |
| Jan-2015 | 67.20% |
| Feb-2015 | 67.84% |
| Mar-2015 | 68.47% |
| Apr-2015 | 68.06% |
| May-2015 | 68.53% |
| Jun-2015 | 68.09% |
| Jul-2015 | 68.85% |
| Aug-2015 | 68.61% |
| Sep-2015 | 68.80% |
| Oct-2015 | 68.65% |
| Nov-2015 | 68.53% |
| Dec-2015 | 68.95% |
| Jan-2016 | 68.73% |
| Feb-2016 | 69.90% |
| Mar-2016 | 70.65% |
| Apr-2016 | 70.84% |
| May-2016 | 69.70% |
| Jun-2016 | 68.98% |
| Jul-2016 | 68.67% |
| Aug-2016 | 69.41% |
| Sep-2016 | 69.23% |
| Oct-2016 | 68.25% |
| Nov-2016 | 67.52% |
| Dec-2016 | 68.62% |
| Jan-2017 | 69.51% |
| Feb-2017 | 69.30% |
| Mar-2017 | 69.20% |
| Apr-2017 | 69.62% |
| May-2017 | 70.17% |
| Jun-2017 | 70.40% |
| Jul-2017 | 69.87% |
| Aug-2017 | 70.59% |
| Sep-2017 | 70.44% |
| Oct-2017 | 70.67% |
| Nov-2017 | 70.51% |
| Dec-2017 | 70.49% |
| Jan-2018 | 71.39% |
| Feb-2018 | 71.35% |
| Mar-2018 | 71.19% |
| Apr-2018 | 70.99% |
| May-2018 | 71.19% |
| Jun-2018 | 72.20% |
| Jul-2018 | 72.68% |
| Aug-2018 | 72.86% |
| Sep-2018 | 72.97% |
| Oct-2018 | 72.90% |
| Nov-2018 | 72.88% |
| Dec-2018 | 72.80% |
| Jan-2019 | 72.56% |
| Feb-2019 | 72.67% |
| Mar-2019 | 72.00% |
| Apr-2019 | 72.10% |
| May-2019 | 73.00% |
| Jun-2019 | 73.70% |
| Jul-2019 | 74.18% |
| Aug-2019 | 73.85% |
| Sep-2019 | 73.74% |
| Oct-2019 | 74.53% |
| Nov-2019 | 74.45% |
| Dec-2019 | 74.20% |
| Jan-2020 | 73.21% |
| Feb-2020 | 72.63% |
| Mar-2020 | 73.14% |
| Apr-2020 | 73.09% |
| May-2020 | 62.75% |
| Jun-2020 | 50.42% |
| Jul-2020 | 41.23% |
| Aug-2020 | 44.44% |
| Sep-2020 | 50.48% |
| Oct-2020 | 54.74% |
Note: Because of volatility in these data, the line reflects three month moving averages
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Flows: Unemployed to Employed (16 Years and Over) [LNS17100000], and Not in Labor Force to Employed (16 years and over) [LNS17200000], retrieved from FRED (Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis).
