Economic Indicators JOLTS analysis
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) tells us how many job openings there are each month, how many workers were hired, how many quit their job, how many were laid off, and how many experienced other separations (which includes worker deaths).
October
Next update: January 7th, 2026
• December 9th, 2025
Below, EPI senior economist Elise Gould offers her insights on today’s release of the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) for October. Read the full thread here.
After a dearth of economic data, the latest #JOLTS report is out this morning for both Sept and Oct 2025. Main findings:– hires rate continues to be depressed, at rates we haven’t seen since 2013– quits rate lowest since 2014– layoffs ticked up slightlyNote: these ignore low points in 2020
Low hires have made the downside risk of higher layoffs all the greater because laid-off workers have less opportunity to find a job. If layoffs pick up while hiring remains weak, unemployment can quickly spike. Unfortunately, we’ve seen the number of layoffs edge up over the last 2 months. #EconSkyNot only will the unemployment rate spike if layoffs continue to rise as hiring remains depressed, but it may explain why the young adult unemployment has been rising as it becomes increasingly difficult to break into the labor market as employers and workers sit tight under economic uncertainty.When jobs expand with a growing labor market, hires exceed separations (quits, layoffs, etc.). In the federal sector, separations exceeded hires every month since Jan, a total of 158k. The spike of 80k separations in Sept was expected given the large number deferred resignations that took effect.
Hires, quits, and layoff rates, 2000–2025
| Date | Hires | Quits | Layoffs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dec-2000 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 1.5 |
| Jan-2001 | 4.3 | 2.4 | 1.7 |
| Feb-2001 | 4 | 2.3 | 1.4 |
| Mar-2001 | 4.2 | 2.3 | 1.6 |
| Apr-2001 | 3.9 | 2.4 | 1.4 |
| May-2001 | 4.1 | 2.3 | 1.5 |
| Jun-2001 | 3.9 | 2.2 | 1.5 |
| Jul-2001 | 4 | 2.2 | 1.5 |
| Aug-2001 | 4 | 2.2 | 1.5 |
| Sep-2001 | 3.8 | 2.1 | 1.6 |
| Oct-2001 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 1.8 |
| Nov-2001 | 3.7 | 2 | 1.7 |
| Dec-2001 | 3.7 | 2 | 1.5 |
| Jan-2002 | 3.7 | 2.2 | 1.5 |
| Feb-2002 | 3.7 | 2 | 1.5 |
| Mar-2002 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 1.4 |
| Apr-2002 | 3.8 | 2 | 1.5 |
| May-2002 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 1.5 |
| Jun-2002 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 1.5 |
| Jul-2002 | 3.8 | 2 | 1.6 |
| Aug-2002 | 3.7 | 2 | 1.5 |
| Sep-2002 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 1.5 |
| Oct-2002 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 1.5 |
| Nov-2002 | 3.7 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
| Dec-2002 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 1.5 |
| Jan-2003 | 3.9 | 1.9 | 1.6 |
| Feb-2003 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 1.5 |
| Mar-2003 | 3.4 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
| Apr-2003 | 3.5 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
| May-2003 | 3.6 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
| Jun-2003 | 3.6 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
| Jul-2003 | 3.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 |
| Aug-2003 | 3.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| Sep-2003 | 3.7 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
| Oct-2003 | 3.8 | 1.9 | 1.5 |
| Nov-2003 | 3.7 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
| Dec-2003 | 3.8 | 1.9 | 1.5 |
| Jan-2004 | 3.7 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
| Feb-2004 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 1.5 |
| Mar-2004 | 4 | 2 | 1.6 |
| Apr-2004 | 3.9 | 1.9 | 1.5 |
| May-2004 | 3.8 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
| Jun-2004 | 3.8 | 2 | 1.4 |
| Jul-2004 | 3.7 | 2 | 1.4 |
| Aug-2004 | 3.8 | 2 | 1.5 |
| Sep-2004 | 3.8 | 1.9 | 1.5 |
| Oct-2004 | 3.9 | 1.9 | 1.4 |
| Nov-2004 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 1.5 |
| Dec-2004 | 3.9 | 2 | 1.5 |
| Jan-2005 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 1.5 |
| Feb-2005 | 4 | 2 | 1.6 |
| Mar-2005 | 4 | 2.1 | 1.6 |
| Apr-2005 | 4 | 2.1 | 1.5 |
| May-2005 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 1.5 |
| Jun-2005 | 4 | 2.1 | 1.5 |
| Jul-2005 | 4 | 2 | 1.4 |
| Aug-2005 | 4 | 2.2 | 1.4 |
| Sep-2005 | 4.1 | 2.3 | 1.5 |
| Oct-2005 | 3.8 | 2.1 | 1.4 |
| Nov-2005 | 4 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
| Dec-2005 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 1.4 |
| Jan-2006 | 3.9 | 2.2 | 1.3 |
| Feb-2006 | 4 | 2.2 | 1.4 |
| Mar-2006 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 1.4 |
| Apr-2006 | 3.8 | 2 | 1.4 |
| May-2006 | 4 | 2.2 | 1.5 |
| Jun-2006 | 4 | 2.2 | 1.3 |
| Jul-2006 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 1.4 |
| Aug-2006 | 3.9 | 2.2 | 1.3 |
| Sep-2006 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
| Oct-2006 | 3.9 | 2.2 | 1.4 |
| Nov-2006 | 4 | 2.2 | 1.4 |
| Dec-2006 | 3.8 | 2.2 | 1.3 |
| Jan-2007 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 1.4 |
| Feb-2007 | 3.8 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
| Mar-2007 | 4 | 2.2 | 1.4 |
| Apr-2007 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 1.5 |
| May-2007 | 4 | 2.2 | 1.4 |
| Jun-2007 | 3.8 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
| Jul-2007 | 3.8 | 2.1 | 1.4 |
| Aug-2007 | 3.9 | 2.2 | 1.5 |
| Sep-2007 | 3.9 | 1.9 | 1.6 |
| Oct-2007 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 1.4 |
| Nov-2007 | 3.7 | 2 | 1.4 |
| Dec-2007 | 3.7 | 2 | 1.4 |
| Jan-2008 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 1.4 |
| Feb-2008 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 1.4 |
| Mar-2008 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 1.4 |
| Apr-2008 | 3.6 | 2.1 | 1.4 |
| May-2008 | 3.4 | 1.9 | 1.4 |
| Jun-2008 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 1.6 |
| Jul-2008 | 3.4 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
| Aug-2008 | 3.4 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
| Sep-2008 | 3.3 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
| Oct-2008 | 3.3 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| Nov-2008 | 3 | 1.6 | 1.7 |
| Dec-2008 | 3.2 | 1.5 | 1.8 |
| Jan-2009 | 3.1 | 1.5 | 1.9 |
| Feb-2009 | 3 | 1.5 | 1.9 |
| Mar-2009 | 2.9 | 1.4 | 1.9 |
| Apr-2009 | 2.9 | 1.3 | 2 |
| May-2009 | 2.9 | 1.3 | 1.7 |
| Jun-2009 | 2.8 | 1.3 | 1.7 |
| Jul-2009 | 3 | 1.3 | 1.7 |
| Aug-2009 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 1.6 |
| Sep-2009 | 3 | 1.2 | 1.7 |
| Oct-2009 | 3 | 1.3 | 1.6 |
| Nov-2009 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 1.5 |
| Dec-2009 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 1.6 |
| Jan-2010 | 3 | 1.3 | 1.4 |
| Feb-2010 | 3 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Mar-2010 | 3.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 |
| Apr-2010 | 3.2 | 1.5 | 1.3 |
| May-2010 | 3.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 |
| Jun-2010 | 3.1 | 1.5 | 1.6 |
| Jul-2010 | 3.2 | 1.4 | 1.7 |
| Aug-2010 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Sep-2010 | 3.1 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Oct-2010 | 3.2 | 1.4 | 1.3 |
| Nov-2010 | 3.2 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Dec-2010 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Jan-2011 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Feb-2011 | 3.2 | 1.5 | 1.3 |
| Mar-2011 | 3.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Apr-2011 | 3.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| May-2011 | 3.2 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Jun-2011 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Jul-2011 | 3.2 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Aug-2011 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Sep-2011 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Oct-2011 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Nov-2011 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Dec-2011 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Jan-2012 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 1.3 |
| Feb-2012 | 3.4 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
| Mar-2012 | 3.4 | 1.6 | 1.3 |
| Apr-2012 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
| May-2012 | 3.4 | 1.6 | 1.5 |
| Jun-2012 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
| Jul-2012 | 3.2 | 1.5 | 1.3 |
| Aug-2012 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Sep-2012 | 3.2 | 1.4 | 1.3 |
| Oct-2012 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Nov-2012 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Dec-2012 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 1.3 |
| Jan-2013 | 3.3 | 1.7 | 1.2 |
| Feb-2013 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 1.2 |
| Mar-2013 | 3.2 | 1.6 | 1.3 |
| Apr-2013 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 1.3 |
| May-2013 | 3.4 | 1.6 | 1.3 |
| Jun-2013 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 1.3 |
| Jul-2013 | 3.3 | 1.7 | 1.3 |
| Aug-2013 | 3.5 | 1.7 | 1.3 |
| Sep-2013 | 3.5 | 1.7 | 1.4 |
| Oct-2013 | 3.3 | 1.7 | 1.2 |
| Nov-2013 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 1.2 |
| Dec-2013 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 1.3 |
| Jan-2014 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 1.3 |
| Feb-2014 | 3.4 | 1.8 | 1.3 |
| Mar-2014 | 3.5 | 1.8 | 1.2 |
| Apr-2014 | 3.5 | 1.8 | 1.3 |
| May-2014 | 3.5 | 1.8 | 1.2 |
| Jun-2014 | 3.5 | 1.8 | 1.3 |
| Jul-2014 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 1.3 |
| Aug-2014 | 3.5 | 1.8 | 1.2 |
| Sep-2014 | 3.7 | 2 | 1.2 |
| Oct-2014 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 1.3 |
| Nov-2014 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 1.2 |
| Dec-2014 | 3.7 | 1.8 | 1.3 |
| Jan-2015 | 3.6 | 2 | 1.3 |
| Feb-2015 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 1.2 |
| Mar-2015 | 3.6 | 2 | 1.4 |
| Apr-2015 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 1.3 |
| May-2015 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 1.2 |
| Jun-2015 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 1.3 |
| Jul-2015 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 1.2 |
| Aug-2015 | 3.6 | 2 | 1.2 |
| Sep-2015 | 3.7 | 2 | 1.4 |
| Oct-2015 | 3.7 | 2 | 1.3 |
| Nov-2015 | 3.8 | 2 | 1.2 |
| Dec-2015 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
| Jan-2016 | 3.6 | 2 | 1.3 |
| Feb-2016 | 3.8 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
| Mar-2016 | 3.7 | 2 | 1.3 |
| Apr-2016 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 1.2 |
| May-2016 | 3.6 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
| Jun-2016 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 1.2 |
| Jul-2016 | 3.8 | 2.1 | 1.2 |
| Aug-2016 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
| Sep-2016 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 1.1 |
| Oct-2016 | 3.6 | 2.1 | 1.1 |
| Nov-2016 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 1.2 |
| Dec-2016 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 1.2 |
| Jan-2017 | 3.8 | 2.2 | 1.2 |
| Feb-2017 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 1.2 |
| Mar-2017 | 3.7 | 2.2 | 1.2 |
| Apr-2017 | 3.6 | 2.1 | 1.2 |
| May-2017 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 1.2 |
| Jun-2017 | 3.8 | 2.2 | 1.3 |
| Jul-2017 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
| Aug-2017 | 3.8 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
| Sep-2017 | 3.7 | 2.2 | 1.2 |
| Oct-2017 | 3.8 | 2.2 | 1.2 |
| Nov-2017 | 3.7 | 2.2 | 1.2 |
| Dec-2017 | 3.7 | 2.2 | 1.2 |
| Jan-2018 | 3.7 | 2 | 1.3 |
| Feb-2018 | 3.8 | 2.2 | 1.2 |
| Mar-2018 | 3.8 | 2.2 | 1.2 |
| Apr-2018 | 3.8 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| May-2018 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Jun-2018 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Jul-2018 | 3.8 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Aug-2018 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Sep-2018 | 3.8 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Oct-2018 | 4 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Nov-2018 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.3 |
| Dec-2018 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Jan-2019 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.1 |
| Feb-2019 | 3.8 | 2.4 | 1.2 |
| Mar-2019 | 3.8 | 2.3 | 1.1 |
| Apr-2019 | 4 | 2.3 | 1.3 |
| May-2019 | 3.8 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Jun-2019 | 3.8 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Jul-2019 | 3.9 | 2.4 | 1.2 |
| Aug-2019 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Sep-2019 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.3 |
| Oct-2019 | 3.8 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Nov-2019 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Dec-2019 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.3 |
| Jan-2020 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Feb-2020 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.3 |
| Mar-2020 | 3.4 | 1.9 | 8.6 |
| Apr-2020 | 3.1 | 1.5 | 7 |
| May-2020 | 6.1 | 1.7 | 1.6 |
| Jun-2020 | 5.4 | 1.9 | 1.6 |
| Jul-2020 | 4.5 | 2.2 | 1.3 |
| Aug-2020 | 4.3 | 2.1 | 1.1 |
| Sep-2020 | 4.2 | 2.2 | 1.1 |
| Oct-2020 | 4.3 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Nov-2020 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 1.5 |
| Dec-2020 | 3.9 | 2.4 | 1.3 |
| Jan-2021 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| Feb-2021 | 4 | 2.4 | 1.1 |
| Mar-2021 | 4.3 | 2.5 | 1 |
| Apr-2021 | 4.3 | 2.7 | 1 |
| May-2021 | 4.1 | 2.6 | 0.9 |
| Jun-2021 | 4.5 | 2.7 | 0.9 |
| Jul-2021 | 4.6 | 2.7 | 0.9 |
| Aug-2021 | 4.3 | 2.8 | 0.9 |
| Sep-2021 | 4.5 | 2.9 | 1 |
| Oct-2021 | 4.5 | 2.8 | 0.9 |
| Nov-2021 | 4.6 | 3 | 0.9 |
| Dec-2021 | 4.4 | 2.9 | 0.9 |
| Jan-2022 | 4.3 | 2.9 | 1 |
| Feb-2022 | 4.5 | 2.9 | 0.9 |
| Mar-2022 | 4.4 | 3 | 0.9 |
| Apr-2022 | 4.4 | 2.9 | 0.9 |
| May-2022 | 4.3 | 2.8 | 1 |
| Jun-2022 | 4.3 | 2.7 | 1 |
| Jul-2022 | 4.2 | 2.6 | 1 |
| Aug-2022 | 4.2 | 2.7 | 1 |
| Sep-2022 | 4 | 2.7 | 0.9 |
| Oct-2022 | 4 | 2.6 | 1 |
| Nov-2022 | 4 | 2.6 | 0.9 |
| Dec-2022 | 4 | 2.7 | 1 |
| Jan-2023 | 4.1 | 2.5 | 1.2 |
| Feb-2023 | 3.9 | 2.5 | 1 |
| Mar-2023 | 3.8 | 2.5 | 1.2 |
| Apr-2023 | 3.8 | 2.3 | 1.1 |
| May-2023 | 3.9 | 2.6 | 1 |
| Jun-2023 | 3.8 | 2.4 | 1.1 |
| Jul-2023 | 3.6 | 2.3 | 1.1 |
| Aug-2023 | 3.7 | 2.3 | 1.1 |
| Sep-2023 | 3.7 | 2.3 | 1 |
| Oct-2023 | 3.6 | 2.3 | 1 |
| Nov-2023 | 3.5 | 2.3 | 1 |
| Dec-2023 | 3.6 | 2.1 | 1 |
| Jan-2024 | 3.5 | 2.1 | 1.1 |
| Feb-2024 | 3.6 | 2.2 | 1.1 |
| Mar-2024 | 3.5 | 2.1 | 1 |
| Apr-2024 | 3.5 | 2.2 | 1 |
| May-2024 | 3.5 | 2.1 | 1.1 |
| Jun-2024 | 3.2 | 2.1 | 0.9 |
| Jul-2024 | 3.4 | 2.1 | 1.1 |
| Aug-2024 | 3.3 | 2 | 1.1 |
| Sep-2024 | 3.5 | 1.9 | 1.2 |
| Oct-2024 | 3.4 | 2 | 1.1 |
| Nov-2024 | 3.3 | 1.9 | 1.1 |
| Dec-2024 | 3.4 | 1.9 | 1.1 |
| Jan-2025 | 3.4 | 2 | 1.1 |
| Feb-2025 | 3.4 | 2 | 1.1 |
| Mar-2025 | 3.4 | 2.1 | 1 |
| Apr-2025 | 3.5 | 2 | 1.1 |
| May-2025 | 3.4 | 2 | 1 |
| Jun-2025 | 3.3 | 2 | 1.1 |
| Jul-2025 | 3.3 | 2 | 1.1 |
| Aug-2025 | 3.2 | 1.9 | 1.1 |
| Sep-2025 | 3.4 | 2 | 1.1 |
| Oct-2025 | 3.2 | 1.8 | 1.2 |
Notes: Shaded areas denote recessions. The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. The layoff rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey
Hires, layoffs, and quits, 2000–2025
| Date | Hires | Quits | Layoffs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dec-2000 | 5426 | 2882 | 2018 |
| Jan-2001 | 5722 | 3245 | 2220 |
| Feb-2001 | 5303 | 3053 | 1855 |
| Mar-2001 | 5528 | 3054 | 2133 |
| Apr-2001 | 5204 | 3163 | 1883 |
| May-2001 | 5410 | 2993 | 2029 |
| Jun-2001 | 5109 | 2878 | 2015 |
| Jul-2001 | 5244 | 2947 | 2038 |
| Aug-2001 | 5223 | 2928 | 2011 |
| Sep-2001 | 4954 | 2703 | 2107 |
| Oct-2001 | 5078 | 2795 | 2319 |
| Nov-2001 | 4914 | 2560 | 2255 |
| Dec-2001 | 4829 | 2559 | 1922 |
| Jan-2002 | 4855 | 2845 | 1907 |
| Feb-2002 | 4801 | 2572 | 1978 |
| Mar-2002 | 4706 | 2493 | 1883 |
| Apr-2002 | 4928 | 2624 | 1956 |
| May-2002 | 4857 | 2537 | 1967 |
| Jun-2002 | 4869 | 2522 | 2015 |
| Jul-2002 | 4946 | 2561 | 2102 |
| Aug-2002 | 4871 | 2561 | 1923 |
| Sep-2002 | 4879 | 2521 | 2022 |
| Oct-2002 | 4798 | 2423 | 1935 |
| Nov-2002 | 4792 | 2403 | 1944 |
| Dec-2002 | 4893 | 2501 | 2007 |
| Jan-2003 | 5058 | 2429 | 2109 |
| Feb-2003 | 4714 | 2490 | 2015 |
| Mar-2003 | 4470 | 2394 | 1949 |
| Apr-2003 | 4600 | 2279 | 1998 |
| May-2003 | 4678 | 2291 | 2072 |
| Jun-2003 | 4682 | 2315 | 2076 |
| Jul-2003 | 4639 | 2271 | 2062 |
| Aug-2003 | 4666 | 2195 | 2162 |
| Sep-2003 | 4799 | 2354 | 1932 |
| Oct-2003 | 4902 | 2415 | 1969 |
| Nov-2003 | 4767 | 2411 | 1951 |
| Dec-2003 | 4984 | 2444 | 2007 |
| Jan-2004 | 4900 | 2354 | 2037 |
| Feb-2004 | 4788 | 2448 | 1985 |
| Mar-2004 | 5227 | 2582 | 2065 |
| Apr-2004 | 5152 | 2534 | 2010 |
| May-2004 | 4976 | 2428 | 1914 |
| Jun-2004 | 5009 | 2659 | 1887 |
| Jul-2004 | 4891 | 2609 | 1885 |
| Aug-2004 | 5013 | 2586 | 1974 |
| Sep-2004 | 5062 | 2531 | 2027 |
| Oct-2004 | 5149 | 2550 | 1903 |
| Nov-2004 | 5181 | 2789 | 2037 |
| Dec-2004 | 5153 | 2695 | 1951 |
| Jan-2005 | 5201 | 2732 | 2008 |
| Feb-2005 | 5276 | 2651 | 2068 |
| Mar-2005 | 5273 | 2747 | 2188 |
| Apr-2005 | 5362 | 2741 | 1957 |
| May-2005 | 5271 | 2763 | 2021 |
| Jun-2005 | 5376 | 2754 | 2015 |
| Jul-2005 | 5328 | 2735 | 1898 |
| Aug-2005 | 5409 | 2957 | 1905 |
| Sep-2005 | 5493 | 3046 | 2032 |
| Oct-2005 | 5124 | 2863 | 1873 |
| Nov-2005 | 5344 | 2895 | 1769 |
| Dec-2005 | 5294 | 2849 | 1923 |
| Jan-2006 | 5271 | 2945 | 1784 |
| Feb-2006 | 5474 | 2965 | 1882 |
| Mar-2006 | 5524 | 2956 | 1888 |
| Apr-2006 | 5215 | 2778 | 1853 |
| May-2006 | 5498 | 3002 | 1991 |
| Jun-2006 | 5455 | 3042 | 1817 |
| Jul-2006 | 5573 | 3047 | 1860 |
| Aug-2006 | 5373 | 3056 | 1775 |
| Sep-2006 | 5288 | 2888 | 1831 |
| Oct-2006 | 5375 | 2983 | 1898 |
| Nov-2006 | 5495 | 3043 | 1926 |
| Dec-2006 | 5214 | 2999 | 1772 |
| Jan-2007 | 5426 | 2956 | 1922 |
| Feb-2007 | 5160 | 2933 | 1850 |
| Mar-2007 | 5479 | 2997 | 1882 |
| Apr-2007 | 5353 | 2911 | 2000 |
| May-2007 | 5469 | 3010 | 1967 |
| Jun-2007 | 5267 | 2910 | 1845 |
| Jul-2007 | 5217 | 2951 | 1896 |
| Aug-2007 | 5358 | 3014 | 2033 |
| Sep-2007 | 5344 | 2691 | 2188 |
| Oct-2007 | 5398 | 2926 | 1998 |
| Nov-2007 | 5176 | 2784 | 1966 |
| Dec-2007 | 5119 | 2773 | 1915 |
| Jan-2008 | 5071 | 2847 | 1989 |
| Feb-2008 | 5077 | 2881 | 1995 |
| Mar-2008 | 4924 | 2661 | 1918 |
| Apr-2008 | 4948 | 2837 | 1958 |
| May-2008 | 4691 | 2607 | 1950 |
| Jun-2008 | 4893 | 2595 | 2172 |
| Jul-2008 | 4637 | 2489 | 2071 |
| Aug-2008 | 4682 | 2445 | 2190 |
| Sep-2008 | 4499 | 2468 | 2088 |
| Oct-2008 | 4548 | 2347 | 2250 |
| Nov-2008 | 4104 | 2157 | 2290 |
| Dec-2008 | 4348 | 2084 | 2482 |
| Jan-2009 | 4095 | 1976 | 2581 |
| Feb-2009 | 4061 | 1952 | 2599 |
| Mar-2009 | 3858 | 1834 | 2575 |
| Apr-2009 | 3888 | 1712 | 2654 |
| May-2009 | 3758 | 1683 | 2231 |
| Jun-2009 | 3639 | 1685 | 2261 |
| Jul-2009 | 3857 | 1685 | 2267 |
| Aug-2009 | 3810 | 1555 | 2119 |
| Sep-2009 | 3944 | 1627 | 2195 |
| Oct-2009 | 3838 | 1660 | 2028 |
| Nov-2009 | 4024 | 1810 | 1913 |
| Dec-2009 | 4004 | 1766 | 2033 |
| Jan-2010 | 3904 | 1742 | 1880 |
| Feb-2010 | 3864 | 1844 | 1825 |
| Mar-2010 | 4302 | 1856 | 1924 |
| Apr-2010 | 4159 | 1897 | 1749 |
| May-2010 | 4420 | 1813 | 1762 |
| Jun-2010 | 4111 | 1911 | 2075 |
| Jul-2010 | 4163 | 1785 | 2166 |
| Aug-2010 | 4046 | 1842 | 1890 |
| Sep-2010 | 4034 | 1895 | 1832 |
| Oct-2010 | 4173 | 1846 | 1745 |
| Nov-2010 | 4182 | 1887 | 1849 |
| Dec-2010 | 4299 | 1977 | 1854 |
| Jan-2011 | 4000 | 1832 | 1827 |
| Feb-2011 | 4231 | 1958 | 1755 |
| Mar-2011 | 4430 | 2033 | 1794 |
| Apr-2011 | 4296 | 1882 | 1792 |
| May-2011 | 4261 | 1965 | 1904 |
| Jun-2011 | 4366 | 1923 | 1942 |
| Jul-2011 | 4261 | 1986 | 1845 |
| Aug-2011 | 4298 | 2031 | 1845 |
| Sep-2011 | 4429 | 2041 | 1872 |
| Oct-2011 | 4370 | 1997 | 1794 |
| Nov-2011 | 4365 | 2039 | 1912 |
| Dec-2011 | 4356 | 1981 | 1801 |
| Jan-2012 | 4457 | 2030 | 1797 |
| Feb-2012 | 4560 | 2130 | 1903 |
| Mar-2012 | 4575 | 2167 | 1784 |
| Apr-2012 | 4389 | 2134 | 1880 |
| May-2012 | 4533 | 2138 | 1969 |
| Jun-2012 | 4440 | 2152 | 1892 |
| Jul-2012 | 4327 | 2072 | 1722 |
| Aug-2012 | 4450 | 2069 | 1894 |
| Sep-2012 | 4302 | 1950 | 1805 |
| Oct-2012 | 4389 | 2035 | 1891 |
| Nov-2012 | 4489 | 2078 | 1921 |
| Dec-2012 | 4452 | 2051 | 1700 |
| Jan-2013 | 4487 | 2280 | 1678 |
| Feb-2013 | 4571 | 2298 | 1664 |
| Mar-2013 | 4369 | 2124 | 1787 |
| Apr-2013 | 4572 | 2296 | 1793 |
| May-2013 | 4663 | 2234 | 1836 |
| Jun-2013 | 4440 | 2203 | 1761 |
| Jul-2013 | 4561 | 2363 | 1713 |
| Aug-2013 | 4730 | 2316 | 1816 |
| Sep-2013 | 4726 | 2302 | 1892 |
| Oct-2013 | 4518 | 2372 | 1675 |
| Nov-2013 | 4622 | 2391 | 1630 |
| Dec-2013 | 4614 | 2287 | 1770 |
| Jan-2014 | 4626 | 2311 | 1806 |
| Feb-2014 | 4696 | 2411 | 1767 |
| Mar-2014 | 4763 | 2449 | 1703 |
| Apr-2014 | 4880 | 2474 | 1764 |
| May-2014 | 4808 | 2483 | 1710 |
| Jun-2014 | 4925 | 2507 | 1761 |
| Jul-2014 | 5008 | 2633 | 1781 |
| Aug-2014 | 4810 | 2549 | 1699 |
| Sep-2014 | 5149 | 2732 | 1718 |
| Oct-2014 | 5111 | 2718 | 1835 |
| Nov-2014 | 4978 | 2600 | 1726 |
| Dec-2014 | 5192 | 2552 | 1857 |
| Jan-2015 | 5061 | 2764 | 1789 |
| Feb-2015 | 5127 | 2741 | 1757 |
| Mar-2015 | 5126 | 2754 | 1973 |
| Apr-2015 | 5196 | 2705 | 1856 |
| May-2015 | 5142 | 2743 | 1711 |
| Jun-2015 | 5125 | 2756 | 1821 |
| Jul-2015 | 5150 | 2764 | 1703 |
| Aug-2015 | 5163 | 2879 | 1773 |
| Sep-2015 | 5287 | 2778 | 1964 |
| Oct-2015 | 5338 | 2810 | 1845 |
| Nov-2015 | 5358 | 2897 | 1779 |
| Dec-2015 | 5540 | 3056 | 1803 |
| Jan-2016 | 5220 | 2875 | 1805 |
| Feb-2016 | 5470 | 2994 | 1894 |
| Mar-2016 | 5359 | 2917 | 1850 |
| Apr-2016 | 5294 | 2955 | 1771 |
| May-2016 | 5197 | 3009 | 1825 |
| Jun-2016 | 5281 | 3018 | 1750 |
| Jul-2016 | 5426 | 2967 | 1759 |
| Aug-2016 | 5327 | 2998 | 1860 |
| Sep-2016 | 5306 | 3047 | 1588 |
| Oct-2016 | 5210 | 3074 | 1664 |
| Nov-2016 | 5308 | 3026 | 1751 |
| Dec-2016 | 5343 | 2989 | 1708 |
| Jan-2017 | 5499 | 3188 | 1745 |
| Feb-2017 | 5350 | 3089 | 1711 |
| Mar-2017 | 5395 | 3150 | 1762 |
| Apr-2017 | 5272 | 3028 | 1710 |
| May-2017 | 5477 | 3111 | 1794 |
| Jun-2017 | 5635 | 3154 | 1970 |
| Jul-2017 | 5497 | 3097 | 1910 |
| Aug-2017 | 5519 | 3103 | 1868 |
| Sep-2017 | 5450 | 3190 | 1787 |
| Oct-2017 | 5581 | 3219 | 1837 |
| Nov-2017 | 5494 | 3186 | 1747 |
| Dec-2017 | 5421 | 3222 | 1732 |
| Jan-2018 | 5512 | 3019 | 1932 |
| Feb-2018 | 5624 | 3222 | 1771 |
| Mar-2018 | 5623 | 3323 | 1795 |
| Apr-2018 | 5590 | 3370 | 1727 |
| May-2018 | 5859 | 3382 | 1775 |
| Jun-2018 | 5760 | 3382 | 1822 |
| Jul-2018 | 5649 | 3426 | 1806 |
| Aug-2018 | 5815 | 3423 | 1803 |
| Sep-2018 | 5625 | 3391 | 1764 |
| Oct-2018 | 5907 | 3458 | 1813 |
| Nov-2018 | 5826 | 3511 | 1938 |
| Dec-2018 | 5768 | 3407 | 1839 |
| Jan-2019 | 5786 | 3517 | 1705 |
| Feb-2019 | 5704 | 3547 | 1763 |
| Mar-2019 | 5689 | 3529 | 1690 |
| Apr-2019 | 6016 | 3501 | 1963 |
| May-2019 | 5686 | 3472 | 1775 |
| Jun-2019 | 5801 | 3474 | 1780 |
| Jul-2019 | 5871 | 3654 | 1833 |
| Aug-2019 | 5900 | 3540 | 1808 |
| Sep-2019 | 5963 | 3447 | 1970 |
| Oct-2019 | 5781 | 3452 | 1819 |
| Nov-2019 | 5847 | 3541 | 1782 |
| Dec-2019 | 5951 | 3487 | 1931 |
| Jan-2020 | 5981 | 3563 | 1808 |
| Feb-2020 | 5990 | 3497 | 1954 |
| Mar-2020 | 5171 | 2933 | 12985 |
| Apr-2020 | 4029 | 1991 | 9170 |
| May-2020 | 8133 | 2259 | 2139 |
| Jun-2020 | 7477 | 2594 | 2245 |
| Jul-2020 | 6320 | 3020 | 1827 |
| Aug-2020 | 6004 | 2931 | 1560 |
| Sep-2020 | 5966 | 3185 | 1567 |
| Oct-2020 | 6091 | 3311 | 1697 |
| Nov-2020 | 5894 | 3209 | 2097 |
| Dec-2020 | 5577 | 3369 | 1906 |
| Jan-2021 | 5594 | 3285 | 1657 |
| Feb-2021 | 5772 | 3429 | 1625 |
| Mar-2021 | 6148 | 3661 | 1488 |
| Apr-2021 | 6216 | 3909 | 1430 |
| May-2021 | 6013 | 3836 | 1352 |
| Jun-2021 | 6606 | 3985 | 1299 |
| Jul-2021 | 6732 | 4031 | 1390 |
| Aug-2021 | 6390 | 4122 | 1338 |
| Sep-2021 | 6653 | 4320 | 1428 |
| Oct-2021 | 6652 | 4131 | 1285 |
| Nov-2021 | 6811 | 4491 | 1368 |
| Dec-2021 | 6596 | 4387 | 1376 |
| Jan-2022 | 6400 | 4404 | 1434 |
| Feb-2022 | 6806 | 4321 | 1420 |
| Mar-2022 | 6607 | 4499 | 1383 |
| Apr-2022 | 6614 | 4457 | 1353 |
| May-2022 | 6461 | 4259 | 1509 |
| Jun-2022 | 6510 | 4139 | 1497 |
| Jul-2022 | 6470 | 4005 | 1459 |
| Aug-2022 | 6443 | 4200 | 1609 |
| Sep-2022 | 6206 | 4111 | 1443 |
| Oct-2022 | 6104 | 3945 | 1539 |
| Nov-2022 | 6134 | 4080 | 1461 |
| Dec-2022 | 6113 | 4173 | 1520 |
| Jan-2023 | 6347 | 3833 | 1904 |
| Feb-2023 | 6020 | 3926 | 1539 |
| Mar-2023 | 5932 | 3820 | 1814 |
| Apr-2023 | 5954 | 3619 | 1686 |
| May-2023 | 6128 | 4013 | 1519 |
| Jun-2023 | 5930 | 3689 | 1637 |
| Jul-2023 | 5646 | 3562 | 1675 |
| Aug-2023 | 5824 | 3618 | 1691 |
| Sep-2023 | 5772 | 3638 | 1561 |
| Oct-2023 | 5700 | 3558 | 1621 |
| Nov-2023 | 5501 | 3549 | 1526 |
| Dec-2023 | 5614 | 3370 | 1648 |
| Jan-2024 | 5572 | 3353 | 1692 |
| Feb-2024 | 5664 | 3468 | 1681 |
| Mar-2024 | 5472 | 3329 | 1614 |
| Apr-2024 | 5584 | 3414 | 1587 |
| May-2024 | 5573 | 3355 | 1665 |
| Jun-2024 | 5088 | 3284 | 1467 |
| Jul-2024 | 5451 | 3390 | 1745 |
| Aug-2024 | 5230 | 3177 | 1697 |
| Sep-2024 | 5519 | 3085 | 1844 |
| Oct-2024 | 5350 | 3217 | 1788 |
| Nov-2024 | 5307 | 3032 | 1739 |
| Dec-2024 | 5374 | 3095 | 1669 |
| Jan-2025 | 5371 | 3256 | 1674 |
| Feb-2025 | 5370 | 3250 | 1780 |
| Mar-2025 | 5404 | 3344 | 1590 |
| Apr-2025 | 5615 | 3215 | 1789 |
| May-2025 | 5465 | 3270 | 1611 |
| Jun-2025 | 5267 | 3209 | 1796 |
| Jul-2025 | 5240 | 3166 | 1787 |
| Aug-2025 | 5126 | 3091 | 1725 |
| Sep-2025 | 5367 | 3128 | 1781 |
| Oct-2025 | 5149 | 2941 | 1854 |
Note: Shaded areas denote recessions.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey
Federal worker hires, quits, and layoffs rates, 2022–2025
| Date | Hires | Quits | Layoffs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan-2022 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 0.3 |
| Feb-2022 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.3 |
| Mar-2022 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
| Apr-2022 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
| May-2022 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0.3 |
| Jun-2022 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
| Jul-2022 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| Aug-2022 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.3 |
| Sep-2022 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 0.4 |
| Oct-2022 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| Nov-2022 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| Dec-2022 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 0.4 |
| Jan-2023 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| Feb-2023 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 0.2 |
| Mar-2023 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| Apr-2023 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| May-2023 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Jun-2023 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Jul-2023 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| Aug-2023 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Sep-2023 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Oct-2023 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Nov-2023 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Dec-2023 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Jan-2024 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| Feb-2024 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Mar-2024 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Apr-2024 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| May-2024 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Jun-2024 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Jul-2024 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Aug-2024 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Sep-2024 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Oct-2024 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Nov-2024 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Dec-2024 | 1 | 0.4 | 0.2 |
| Jan-2025 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.1 |
| Feb-2025 | 1 | 0.4 | 0.6 |
| Mar-2025 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Apr-2025 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| May-2025 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| Jun-2025 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Jul-2025 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Aug-2025 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| Sep-2025 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 0.2 |
| Oct-2025 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.2 |
Notes: Shaded areas denote recessions. The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. The layoff rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey.
Federal worker hires, quits, and layoffs, 2022–2025
| Date | Hires | Quits | Layoffs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan-2022 | 42 | 26 | 8 |
| Feb-2022 | 40 | 22 | 8 |
| Mar-2022 | 38 | 24 | 7 |
| Apr-2022 | 39 | 24 | 6 |
| May-2022 | 39 | 20 | 9 |
| Jun-2022 | 38 | 23 | 7 |
| Jul-2022 | 48 | 18 | 5 |
| Aug-2022 | 39 | 23 | 7 |
| Sept-2022 | 45 | 19 | 11 |
| Oct-2022 | 45 | 17 | 6 |
| Nov-2022 | 44 | 18 | 6 |
| Dec-2022 | 43 | 20 | 11 |
| Jan-2023 | 42 | 18 | 6 |
| Feb-2023 | 48 | 19 | 6 |
| Mar-2023 | 46 | 18 | 6 |
| Apr-2023 | 45 | 17 | 7 |
| May-2023 | 51 | 19 | 8 |
| Jun-2023 | 50 | 18 | 8 |
| Jul-2023 | 46 | 19 | 7 |
| Aug-2023 | 43 | 14 | 5 |
| Sep-2023 | 44 | 18 | 8 |
| Oct-2023 | 43 | 16 | 8 |
| Nov-2023 | 40 | 17 | 8 |
| Dec-2023 | 45 | 18 | 8 |
| Jan-2024 | 42 | 17 | 6 |
| Feb-2024 | 43 | 15 | 6 |
| Mar-2024 | 47 | 15 | 6 |
| Apr-2024 | 37 | 17 | 7 |
| May-2024 | 36 | 16 | 7 |
| Jun-2024 | 38 | 16 | 5 |
| Jul-2024 | 33 | 15 | 6 |
| Aug-2024 | 35 | 16 | 6 |
| Sep-2024 | 33 | 14 | 5 |
| Oct-2024 | 31 | 14 | 6 |
| Nov-2024 | 28 | 14 | 5 |
| Dec-2024 | 31 | 12 | 5 |
| Jan-2025 | 34 | 13 | 4 |
| Feb-2025 | 30 | 12 | 19 |
| Mar-2025 | 29 | 14 | 8 |
| Apr-2025 | 33 | 15 | 5 |
| May-2025 | 24 | 19 | 7 |
| Jun-2025 | 23 | 14 | 5 |
| Jul-2025 | 24 | 14 | 10 |
| Aug-2025 | 24 | 18 | 6 |
| Sep-2025 | 23 | 46 | 7 |
| Oct-2025 | 22 | 21 | 5 |
Note: Shaded areas denote recessions.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey
Federal worker hires and total separations (thousands), July 2023–October 2025
| Date | Hires | Total separations |
|---|---|---|
| Jul-2023 | 46 | 40 |
| Aug-2023 | 43 | 27 |
| Sep-2023 | 44 | 40 |
| Oct-2023 | 43 | 36 |
| Nov-2023 | 40 | 38 |
| Dec-2023 | 45 | 39 |
| Jan-2024 | 42 | 34 |
| Feb-2024 | 43 | 33 |
| Mar-2024 | 47 | 33 |
| Apr-2024 | 37 | 36 |
| May-2024 | 36 | 33 |
| Jun-2024 | 38 | 33 |
| Jul-2024 | 33 | 30 |
| Aug-2024 | 35 | 32 |
| Sep-2024 | 33 | 30 |
| Oct-2024 | 31 | 29 |
| Nov-2024 | 28 | 30 |
| Dec-2024 | 31 | 28 |
| Jan-2025 | 34 | 29 |
| Feb-2025 | 30 | 41 |
| Mar-2025 | 29 | 32 |
| Apr-2025 | 33 | 43 |
| May-2025 | 24 | 49 |
| Jun-2025 | 23 | 30 |
| Jul-2025 | 24 | 34 |
| Aug-2025 | 24 | 35 |
| Sep-2025 | 23 | 80 |
| Oct-2025 | 22 | 46 |
Note: Total separations are quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations, which include retirement, death, disability, or transfers.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey
Hires are greater than quits in all sectors while lower wage sectors experience higher levels of quits and hires: Hires and quits rates by major sector, October 2025
Notes: Data provided for all sectors with complementary information on both hires and quits rates for Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (x- and y-axis data) and private sector hourly wage rates from the Current Establishment Survey for the corresponding month (data for size of bubbles); 45 degree line represent data where hires rates are equal to quits rates in each sector.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey and Current Employment Survey public data series.
Job openings and unemployment levels, 2000–2025
| date | Unemployment, two-month average | Openings |
|---|---|---|
| 2000-12-01 | 5636.5 | 5088 |
| 2001-01-01 | 5828.5 | 5234 |
| 2001-02-01 | 6056 | 5097 |
| 2001-03-01 | 6115 | 4762 |
| 2001-04-01 | 6206 | 4615 |
| 2001-05-01 | 6248.5 | 4425 |
| 2001-06-01 | 6355 | 4361 |
| 2001-07-01 | 6533.5 | 4447 |
| 2001-08-01 | 6812.5 | 4024 |
| 2001-09-01 | 7092 | 4071 |
| 2001-10-01 | 7418 | 3707 |
| 2001-11-01 | 7848.5 | 3775 |
| 2001-12-01 | 8130.5 | 3677 |
| 2002-01-01 | 8220 | 3699 |
| 2002-02-01 | 8198.5 | 3436 |
| 2002-03-01 | 8259.5 | 3612 |
| 2002-04-01 | 8451.5 | 3471 |
| 2002-05-01 | 8499 | 3457 |
| 2002-06-01 | 8396 | 3412 |
| 2002-07-01 | 8391.5 | 3367 |
| 2002-08-01 | 8347 | 3517 |
| 2002-09-01 | 8277.5 | 3301 |
| 2002-10-01 | 8279 | 3479 |
| 2002-11-01 | 8413.5 | 3514 |
| 2002-12-01 | 8580 | 3169 |
| 2003-01-01 | 8580 | 3441 |
| 2003-02-01 | 8569 | 3229 |
| 2003-03-01 | 8603 | 3099 |
| 2003-04-01 | 8715 | 3108 |
| 2003-05-01 | 8899.5 | 3289 |
| 2003-06-01 | 9111.5 | 3390 |
| 2003-07-01 | 9138.5 | 2981 |
| 2003-08-01 | 8953.5 | 3190 |
| 2003-09-01 | 8908.5 | 3091 |
| 2003-10-01 | 8826.5 | 3305 |
| 2003-11-01 | 8654 | 3324 |
| 2003-12-01 | 8446.5 | 3414 |
| 2004-01-01 | 8343.5 | 3424 |
| 2004-02-01 | 8268.5 | 3532 |
| 2004-03-01 | 8329 | 3525 |
| 2004-04-01 | 8330.5 | 3511 |
| 2004-05-01 | 8191 | 3710 |
| 2004-06-01 | 8249 | 3337 |
| 2004-07-01 | 8211 | 3814 |
| 2004-08-01 | 8063 | 3541 |
| 2004-09-01 | 7958.5 | 3821 |
| 2004-10-01 | 7994 | 3943 |
| 2004-11-01 | 7996.5 | 3472 |
| 2004-12-01 | 7933 | 4074 |
| 2005-01-01 | 7859 | 3804 |
| 2005-02-01 | 7882 | 3965 |
| 2005-03-01 | 7858.5 | 4044 |
| 2005-04-01 | 7704.5 | 4159 |
| 2005-05-01 | 7661.5 | 3797 |
| 2005-06-01 | 7587.5 | 4062 |
| 2005-07-01 | 7465 | 4256 |
| 2005-08-01 | 7375.5 | 4142 |
| 2005-09-01 | 7449 | 4352 |
| 2005-10-01 | 7503 | 4184 |
| 2005-11-01 | 7509.5 | 4248 |
| 2005-12-01 | 7422.5 | 4282 |
| 2006-01-01 | 7171.5 | 4397 |
| 2006-02-01 | 7124 | 4325 |
| 2006-03-01 | 7128 | 4732 |
| 2006-04-01 | 7096 | 4790 |
| 2006-05-01 | 7050 | 4463 |
| 2006-06-01 | 6990.5 | 4614 |
| 2006-07-01 | 7088 | 4394 |
| 2006-08-01 | 7133 | 4710 |
| 2006-09-01 | 6969 | 4737 |
| 2006-10-01 | 6787 | 4591 |
| 2006-11-01 | 6799.5 | 4645 |
| 2006-12-01 | 6817 | 4620 |
| 2007-01-01 | 6939 | 4763 |
| 2007-02-01 | 7021.5 | 4699 |
| 2007-03-01 | 6829 | 4962 |
| 2007-04-01 | 6790.5 | 4689 |
| 2007-05-01 | 6808 | 4657 |
| 2007-06-01 | 6872.5 | 4859 |
| 2007-07-01 | 7064 | 4598 |
| 2007-08-01 | 7108 | 4546 |
| 2007-09-01 | 7118.5 | 4652 |
| 2007-10-01 | 7203.5 | 4636 |
| 2007-11-01 | 7238.5 | 4646 |
| 2007-12-01 | 7442.5 | 4545 |
| 2008-01-01 | 7665 | 4624 |
| 2008-02-01 | 7591 | 4279 |
| 2008-03-01 | 7659.5 | 4225 |
| 2008-04-01 | 7729.5 | 4035 |
| 2008-05-01 | 8016 | 4194 |
| 2008-06-01 | 8485 | 3830 |
| 2008-07-01 | 8756 | 3749 |
| 2008-08-01 | 9187.5 | 3674 |
| 2008-09-01 | 9466 | 3222 |
| 2008-10-01 | 9784 | 3377 |
| 2008-11-01 | 10306 | 3231 |
| 2008-12-01 | 10912 | 3146 |
| 2009-01-01 | 11672 | 2738 |
| 2009-02-01 | 12478 | 2864 |
| 2009-03-01 | 13162 | 2534 |
| 2009-04-01 | 13639.5 | 2295 |
| 2009-05-01 | 14176 | 2549 |
| 2009-06-01 | 14603 | 2503 |
| 2009-07-01 | 14654 | 2232 |
| 2009-08-01 | 14707.5 | 2338 |
| 2009-09-01 | 14911.5 | 2487 |
| 2009-10-01 | 15180.5 | 2406 |
| 2009-11-01 | 15285.5 | 2503 |
| 2009-12-01 | 15158.5 | 2568 |
| 2010-01-01 | 15072 | 2837 |
| 2010-02-01 | 15079.5 | 2666 |
| 2010-03-01 | 15157.5 | 2679 |
| 2010-04-01 | 15263.5 | 3153 |
| 2010-05-01 | 15087 | 2988 |
| 2010-06-01 | 14661.5 | 2801 |
| 2010-07-01 | 14493 | 3082 |
| 2010-08-01 | 14580 | 2999 |
| 2010-09-01 | 14613.5 | 2918 |
| 2010-10-01 | 14547.5 | 3235 |
| 2010-11-01 | 14798.5 | 3211 |
| 2010-12-01 | 14714.5 | 3058 |
| 2011-01-01 | 14180.5 | 3104 |
| 2011-02-01 | 13916.5 | 3226 |
| 2011-03-01 | 13778.5 | 3261 |
| 2011-04-01 | 13847 | 3259 |
| 2011-05-01 | 13906 | 3179 |
| 2011-06-01 | 13908.5 | 3455 |
| 2011-07-01 | 13862.5 | 3623 |
| 2011-08-01 | 13790.5 | 3329 |
| 2011-09-01 | 13883 | 3774 |
| 2011-10-01 | 13771 | 3619 |
| 2011-11-01 | 13448 | 3565 |
| 2011-12-01 | 13197.5 | 3768 |
| 2012-01-01 | 12945 | 3909 |
| 2012-02-01 | 12805 | 3616 |
| 2012-03-01 | 12763 | 3979 |
| 2012-04-01 | 12679.5 | 3793 |
| 2012-05-01 | 12653 | 3835 |
| 2012-06-01 | 12676 | 3911 |
| 2012-07-01 | 12674 | 3735 |
| 2012-08-01 | 12563.5 | 3809 |
| 2012-09-01 | 12293 | 3882 |
| 2012-10-01 | 12119.5 | 3775 |
| 2012-11-01 | 12064.5 | 3878 |
| 2012-12-01 | 12151.5 | 3970 |
| 2013-01-01 | 12384.5 | 3923 |
| 2013-02-01 | 12210.5 | 4004 |
| 2013-03-01 | 11819.5 | 4076 |
| 2013-04-01 | 11724.5 | 3988 |
| 2013-05-01 | 11707 | 4145 |
| 2013-06-01 | 11702.5 | 4150 |
| 2013-07-01 | 11543 | 3885 |
| 2013-08-01 | 11307 | 4085 |
| 2013-09-01 | 11274.5 | 4128 |
| 2013-10-01 | 11203 | 4222 |
| 2013-11-01 | 10961.5 | 4119 |
| 2013-12-01 | 10595.5 | 4121 |
| 2014-01-01 | 10303 | 4127 |
| 2014-02-01 | 10275.5 | 4373 |
| 2014-03-01 | 10364.5 | 4388 |
| 2014-04-01 | 10041 | 4566 |
| 2014-05-01 | 9780.5 | 4747 |
| 2014-06-01 | 9659.5 | 4982 |
| 2014-07-01 | 9534 | 4846 |
| 2014-08-01 | 9603.5 | 5349 |
| 2014-09-01 | 9430.5 | 4914 |
| 2014-10-01 | 9126 | 5012 |
| 2014-11-01 | 9040 | 4843 |
| 2014-12-01 | 8903.5 | 5130 |
| 2015-01-01 | 8801 | 5344 |
| 2015-02-01 | 8742 | 5466 |
| 2015-03-01 | 8557 | 5210 |
| 2015-04-01 | 8532.5 | 5598 |
| 2015-05-01 | 8692 | 5563 |
| 2015-06-01 | 8540.5 | 5248 |
| 2015-07-01 | 8207 | 6056 |
| 2015-08-01 | 8079.5 | 5467 |
| 2015-09-01 | 7949.5 | 5488 |
| 2015-10-01 | 7914.5 | 5773 |
| 2015-11-01 | 7961 | 5708 |
| 2015-12-01 | 7953.5 | 5845 |
| 2016-01-01 | 7767 | 6012 |
| 2016-02-01 | 7664.5 | 5770 |
| 2016-03-01 | 7831.5 | 6129 |
| 2016-04-01 | 8014 | 5803 |
| 2016-05-01 | 7859.5 | 5777 |
| 2016-06-01 | 7698 | 5742 |
| 2016-07-01 | 7692.5 | 5962 |
| 2016-08-01 | 7712.5 | 5677 |
| 2016-09-01 | 7868.5 | 5868 |
| 2016-10-01 | 7882 | 5591 |
| 2016-11-01 | 7682 | 5971 |
| 2016-12-01 | 7537 | 5964 |
| 2017-01-01 | 7494.5 | 5617 |
| 2017-02-01 | 7423.5 | 5923 |
| 2017-03-01 | 7226 | 5811 |
| 2017-04-01 | 7081 | 6091 |
| 2017-05-01 | 7044.5 | 5826 |
| 2017-06-01 | 6936.5 | 6305 |
| 2017-07-01 | 6882.5 | 6238 |
| 2017-08-01 | 6987 | 6276 |
| 2017-09-01 | 6968 | 6320 |
| 2017-10-01 | 6777 | 6408 |
| 2017-11-01 | 6737 | 6271 |
| 2017-12-01 | 6703 | 6336 |
| 2018-01-01 | 6560.5 | 6621 |
| 2018-02-01 | 6535 | 6552 |
| 2018-03-01 | 6526.5 | 6818 |
| 2018-04-01 | 6465.5 | 6877 |
| 2018-05-01 | 6327.5 | 7016 |
| 2018-06-01 | 6321.5 | 7230 |
| 2018-07-01 | 6321 | 7190 |
| 2018-08-01 | 6175.5 | 7208 |
| 2018-09-01 | 6114.5 | 7411 |
| 2018-10-01 | 6142 | 7304 |
| 2018-11-01 | 6163 | 7594 |
| 2018-12-01 | 6252 | 7489 |
| 2019-01-01 | 6432 | 7502 |
| 2019-02-01 | 6305.5 | 7066 |
| 2019-03-01 | 6169 | 7317 |
| 2019-04-01 | 6081.5 | 7272 |
| 2019-05-01 | 5945.5 | 7275 |
| 2019-06-01 | 5932.5 | 7194 |
| 2019-07-01 | 5998 | 7042 |
| 2019-08-01 | 6003 | 7178 |
| 2019-09-01 | 5849 | 7124 |
| 2019-10-01 | 5812 | 7289 |
| 2019-11-01 | 5869.5 | 6888 |
| 2019-12-01 | 5860.5 | 6699 |
| 2020-01-01 | 5861 | 7124 |
| 2020-02-01 | 5811 | 6966 |
| 2020-03-01 | 6479.5 | 5894 |
| 2020-04-01 | 15145 | 4606 |
| 2020-05-01 | 22006.5 | 5612 |
| 2020-06-01 | 19290.5 | 6129 |
| 2020-07-01 | 17002 | 6530 |
| 2020-08-01 | 14906.5 | 6429 |
| 2020-09-01 | 13007.5 | 6511 |
| 2020-10-01 | 11813 | 6798 |
| 2020-11-01 | 10883 | 6820 |
| 2020-12-01 | 10732 | 6773 |
| 2021-01-01 | 10503 | 7204 |
| 2021-02-01 | 10115.5 | 7752 |
| 2021-03-01 | 9875.5 | 8470 |
| 2021-04-01 | 9759 | 9356 |
| 2021-05-01 | 9514 | 9905 |
| 2021-06-01 | 9364 | 10298 |
| 2021-07-01 | 9096.5 | 11049 |
| 2021-08-01 | 8503.5 | 10956 |
| 2021-09-01 | 7964 | 10879 |
| 2021-10-01 | 7465.5 | 11341 |
| 2021-11-01 | 7015 | 11119 |
| 2021-12-01 | 6574.5 | 11417 |
| 2022-01-01 | 6455 | 11238 |
| 2022-02-01 | 6406.5 | 11661 |
| 2022-03-01 | 6157.5 | 12134 |
| 2022-04-01 | 6008 | 11881 |
| 2022-05-01 | 5992.5 | 11483 |
| 2022-06-01 | 5967 | 11256 |
| 2022-07-01 | 5859.5 | 11610 |
| 2022-08-01 | 5843.5 | 10148 |
| 2022-09-01 | 5855.5 | 10812 |
| 2022-10-01 | 5878 | 10488 |
| 2022-11-01 | 5953.5 | 10619 |
| 2022-12-01 | 5854.5 | 10876 |
| 2023-01-01 | 5756.5 | 10393 |
| 2023-02-01 | 5854.5 | 9846 |
| 2023-03-01 | 5900.5 | 9572 |
| 2023-04-01 | 5795 | 9992 |
| 2023-05-01 | 5920 | 9310 |
| 2023-06-01 | 6023.5 | 9191 |
| 2023-07-01 | 5939 | 8606 |
| 2023-08-01 | 6102 | 9287 |
| 2023-09-01 | 6305 | 9279 |
| 2023-10-01 | 6402.5 | 8550 |
| 2023-11-01 | 6366.5 | 8663 |
| 2023-12-01 | 6284.5 | 8585 |
| 2024-01-01 | 6232 | 8468 |
| 2024-02-01 | 6305.5 | 8445 |
| 2024-03-01 | 6479.5 | 8093 |
| 2024-04-01 | 6494.5 | 7619 |
| 2024-05-01 | 6563.5 | 7901 |
| 2024-06-01 | 6742 | 7412 |
| 2024-07-01 | 6973 | 7504 |
| 2024-08-01 | 7084 | 7649 |
| 2024-09-01 | 6986 | 7103 |
| 2024-10-01 | 6936.5 | 7615 |
| 2024-11-01 | 7046.5 | 8031 |
| 2024-12-01 | 7003.5 | 7508 |
| 2025-01-01 | 6867.5 | 7762 |
| 2025-02-01 | 6950.5 | 7480 |
| 2025-03-01 | 7067.5 | 7200 |
| 2025-04-01 | 7124.5 | 7395 |
| 2025-05-01 | 7201.5 | 7712 |
| 2025-06-01 | 7126 | 7357 |
| 2025-07-01 | 7125.5 | 7208 |
| 2025-08-01 | 7310 | 7227 |
| 2025-09-01 | 7493.5 | 7658 |
| 2025-10-01 | 7670 |
Notes: Shaded areas denote recessions. Unemployment levels represent the average of the unemployment level for the current month and the subsequent month in the Current Population Survey to better line up with the job openings data from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey. Unemployment data is missing for October 2025.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey and Current Population Survey. Unemployment levels represent the average of the unemployment level for the current month and the subsequent month to better line up with the job openings data.
JOLTS
Job openings, 2000–2025
| date | Openings |
|---|---|
| 2000-12-01 | 5088 |
| 2001-01-01 | 5234 |
| 2001-02-01 | 5097 |
| 2001-03-01 | 4762 |
| 2001-04-01 | 4615 |
| 2001-05-01 | 4425 |
| 2001-06-01 | 4361 |
| 2001-07-01 | 4447 |
| 2001-08-01 | 4024 |
| 2001-09-01 | 4071 |
| 2001-10-01 | 3707 |
| 2001-11-01 | 3775 |
| 2001-12-01 | 3677 |
| 2002-01-01 | 3699 |
| 2002-02-01 | 3436 |
| 2002-03-01 | 3612 |
| 2002-04-01 | 3471 |
| 2002-05-01 | 3457 |
| 2002-06-01 | 3412 |
| 2002-07-01 | 3367 |
| 2002-08-01 | 3517 |
| 2002-09-01 | 3301 |
| 2002-10-01 | 3479 |
| 2002-11-01 | 3514 |
| 2002-12-01 | 3169 |
| 2003-01-01 | 3441 |
| 2003-02-01 | 3229 |
| 2003-03-01 | 3099 |
| 2003-04-01 | 3108 |
| 2003-05-01 | 3289 |
| 2003-06-01 | 3390 |
| 2003-07-01 | 2981 |
| 2003-08-01 | 3190 |
| 2003-09-01 | 3091 |
| 2003-10-01 | 3305 |
| 2003-11-01 | 3324 |
| 2003-12-01 | 3414 |
| 2004-01-01 | 3424 |
| 2004-02-01 | 3532 |
| 2004-03-01 | 3525 |
| 2004-04-01 | 3511 |
| 2004-05-01 | 3710 |
| 2004-06-01 | 3337 |
| 2004-07-01 | 3814 |
| 2004-08-01 | 3541 |
| 2004-09-01 | 3821 |
| 2004-10-01 | 3943 |
| 2004-11-01 | 3472 |
| 2004-12-01 | 4074 |
| 2005-01-01 | 3804 |
| 2005-02-01 | 3965 |
| 2005-03-01 | 4044 |
| 2005-04-01 | 4159 |
| 2005-05-01 | 3797 |
| 2005-06-01 | 4062 |
| 2005-07-01 | 4256 |
| 2005-08-01 | 4142 |
| 2005-09-01 | 4352 |
| 2005-10-01 | 4184 |
| 2005-11-01 | 4248 |
| 2005-12-01 | 4282 |
| 2006-01-01 | 4397 |
| 2006-02-01 | 4325 |
| 2006-03-01 | 4732 |
| 2006-04-01 | 4790 |
| 2006-05-01 | 4463 |
| 2006-06-01 | 4614 |
| 2006-07-01 | 4394 |
| 2006-08-01 | 4710 |
| 2006-09-01 | 4737 |
| 2006-10-01 | 4591 |
| 2006-11-01 | 4645 |
| 2006-12-01 | 4620 |
| 2007-01-01 | 4763 |
| 2007-02-01 | 4699 |
| 2007-03-01 | 4962 |
| 2007-04-01 | 4689 |
| 2007-05-01 | 4657 |
| 2007-06-01 | 4859 |
| 2007-07-01 | 4598 |
| 2007-08-01 | 4546 |
| 2007-09-01 | 4652 |
| 2007-10-01 | 4636 |
| 2007-11-01 | 4646 |
| 2007-12-01 | 4545 |
| 2008-01-01 | 4624 |
| 2008-02-01 | 4279 |
| 2008-03-01 | 4225 |
| 2008-04-01 | 4035 |
| 2008-05-01 | 4194 |
| 2008-06-01 | 3830 |
| 2008-07-01 | 3749 |
| 2008-08-01 | 3674 |
| 2008-09-01 | 3222 |
| 2008-10-01 | 3377 |
| 2008-11-01 | 3231 |
| 2008-12-01 | 3146 |
| 2009-01-01 | 2738 |
| 2009-02-01 | 2864 |
| 2009-03-01 | 2534 |
| 2009-04-01 | 2295 |
| 2009-05-01 | 2549 |
| 2009-06-01 | 2503 |
| 2009-07-01 | 2232 |
| 2009-08-01 | 2338 |
| 2009-09-01 | 2487 |
| 2009-10-01 | 2406 |
| 2009-11-01 | 2503 |
| 2009-12-01 | 2568 |
| 2010-01-01 | 2837 |
| 2010-02-01 | 2666 |
| 2010-03-01 | 2679 |
| 2010-04-01 | 3153 |
| 2010-05-01 | 2988 |
| 2010-06-01 | 2801 |
| 2010-07-01 | 3082 |
| 2010-08-01 | 2999 |
| 2010-09-01 | 2918 |
| 2010-10-01 | 3235 |
| 2010-11-01 | 3211 |
| 2010-12-01 | 3058 |
| 2011-01-01 | 3104 |
| 2011-02-01 | 3226 |
| 2011-03-01 | 3261 |
| 2011-04-01 | 3259 |
| 2011-05-01 | 3179 |
| 2011-06-01 | 3455 |
| 2011-07-01 | 3623 |
| 2011-08-01 | 3329 |
| 2011-09-01 | 3774 |
| 2011-10-01 | 3619 |
| 2011-11-01 | 3565 |
| 2011-12-01 | 3768 |
| 2012-01-01 | 3909 |
| 2012-02-01 | 3616 |
| 2012-03-01 | 3979 |
| 2012-04-01 | 3793 |
| 2012-05-01 | 3835 |
| 2012-06-01 | 3911 |
| 2012-07-01 | 3735 |
| 2012-08-01 | 3809 |
| 2012-09-01 | 3882 |
| 2012-10-01 | 3775 |
| 2012-11-01 | 3878 |
| 2012-12-01 | 3970 |
| 2013-01-01 | 3923 |
| 2013-02-01 | 4004 |
| 2013-03-01 | 4076 |
| 2013-04-01 | 3988 |
| 2013-05-01 | 4145 |
| 2013-06-01 | 4150 |
| 2013-07-01 | 3885 |
| 2013-08-01 | 4085 |
| 2013-09-01 | 4128 |
| 2013-10-01 | 4222 |
| 2013-11-01 | 4119 |
| 2013-12-01 | 4121 |
| 2014-01-01 | 4127 |
| 2014-02-01 | 4373 |
| 2014-03-01 | 4388 |
| 2014-04-01 | 4566 |
| 2014-05-01 | 4747 |
| 2014-06-01 | 4982 |
| 2014-07-01 | 4846 |
| 2014-08-01 | 5349 |
| 2014-09-01 | 4914 |
| 2014-10-01 | 5012 |
| 2014-11-01 | 4843 |
| 2014-12-01 | 5130 |
| 2015-01-01 | 5344 |
| 2015-02-01 | 5466 |
| 2015-03-01 | 5210 |
| 2015-04-01 | 5598 |
| 2015-05-01 | 5563 |
| 2015-06-01 | 5248 |
| 2015-07-01 | 6056 |
| 2015-08-01 | 5467 |
| 2015-09-01 | 5488 |
| 2015-10-01 | 5773 |
| 2015-11-01 | 5708 |
| 2015-12-01 | 5845 |
| 2016-01-01 | 6012 |
| 2016-02-01 | 5770 |
| 2016-03-01 | 6129 |
| 2016-04-01 | 5803 |
| 2016-05-01 | 5777 |
| 2016-06-01 | 5742 |
| 2016-07-01 | 5962 |
| 2016-08-01 | 5677 |
| 2016-09-01 | 5868 |
| 2016-10-01 | 5591 |
| 2016-11-01 | 5971 |
| 2016-12-01 | 5964 |
| 2017-01-01 | 5617 |
| 2017-02-01 | 5923 |
| 2017-03-01 | 5811 |
| 2017-04-01 | 6091 |
| 2017-05-01 | 5826 |
| 2017-06-01 | 6305 |
| 2017-07-01 | 6238 |
| 2017-08-01 | 6276 |
| 2017-09-01 | 6320 |
| 2017-10-01 | 6408 |
| 2017-11-01 | 6271 |
| 2017-12-01 | 6336 |
| 2018-01-01 | 6621 |
| 2018-02-01 | 6552 |
| 2018-03-01 | 6818 |
| 2018-04-01 | 6877 |
| 2018-05-01 | 7016 |
| 2018-06-01 | 7230 |
| 2018-07-01 | 7190 |
| 2018-08-01 | 7208 |
| 2018-09-01 | 7411 |
| 2018-10-01 | 7304 |
| 2018-11-01 | 7594 |
| 2018-12-01 | 7489 |
| 2019-01-01 | 7502 |
| 2019-02-01 | 7066 |
| 2019-03-01 | 7317 |
| 2019-04-01 | 7272 |
| 2019-05-01 | 7275 |
| 2019-06-01 | 7194 |
| 2019-07-01 | 7042 |
| 2019-08-01 | 7178 |
| 2019-09-01 | 7124 |
| 2019-10-01 | 7289 |
| 2019-11-01 | 6888 |
| 2019-12-01 | 6699 |
| 2020-01-01 | 7124 |
| 2020-02-01 | 6966 |
| 2020-03-01 | 5894 |
| 2020-04-01 | 4606 |
| 2020-05-01 | 5612 |
| 2020-06-01 | 6129 |
| 2020-07-01 | 6530 |
| 2020-08-01 | 6429 |
| 2020-09-01 | 6511 |
| 2020-10-01 | 6798 |
| 2020-11-01 | 6820 |
| 2020-12-01 | 6773 |
| 2021-01-01 | 7204 |
| 2021-02-01 | 7752 |
| 2021-03-01 | 8470 |
| 2021-04-01 | 9356 |
| 2021-05-01 | 9905 |
| 2021-06-01 | 10298 |
| 2021-07-01 | 11049 |
| 2021-08-01 | 10956 |
| 2021-09-01 | 10879 |
| 2021-10-01 | 11341 |
| 2021-11-01 | 11119 |
| 2021-12-01 | 11417 |
| 2022-01-01 | 11238 |
| 2022-02-01 | 11661 |
| 2022-03-01 | 12134 |
| 2022-04-01 | 11881 |
| 2022-05-01 | 11483 |
| 2022-06-01 | 11256 |
| 2022-07-01 | 11610 |
| 2022-08-01 | 10148 |
| 2022-09-01 | 10812 |
| 2022-10-01 | 10488 |
| 2022-11-01 | 10619 |
| 2022-12-01 | 10876 |
| 2023-01-01 | 10393 |
| 2023-02-01 | 9846 |
| 2023-03-01 | 9572 |
| 2023-04-01 | 9992 |
| 2023-05-01 | 9310 |
| 2023-06-01 | 9191 |
| 2023-07-01 | 8606 |
| 2023-08-01 | 9287 |
| 2023-09-01 | 9279 |
| 2023-10-01 | 8550 |
| 2023-11-01 | 8663 |
| 2023-12-01 | 8585 |
| 2024-01-01 | 8468 |
| 2024-02-01 | 8445 |
| 2024-03-01 | 8093 |
| 2024-04-01 | 7619 |
| 2024-05-01 | 7901 |
| 2024-06-01 | 7412 |
| 2024-07-01 | 7504 |
| 2024-08-01 | 7649 |
| 2024-09-01 | 7103 |
| 2024-10-01 | 7615 |
| 2024-11-01 | 8031 |
| 2024-12-01 | 7508 |
| 2025-01-01 | 7762 |
| 2025-02-01 | 7480 |
| 2025-03-01 | 7200 |
| 2025-04-01 | 7395 |
| 2025-05-01 | 7712 |
| 2025-06-01 | 7357 |
| 2025-07-01 | 7208 |
| 2025-08-01 | 7227 |
| 2025-09-01 | 7658 |
| 2025-10-01 | 7670 |
Notes: Shaded areas denote recessions.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey.