Gender pay gap
Racism
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Affordability
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The persistent gender wage gap worsened slightly in 2025. Women were paid 18.6% less than men on average after controlling for race and ethnicity, education, age, marital status, and state.

The pay gap worsened following a year of Trump administration attacks on workers, including cuts to the federal workforce; attacks on DEI efforts; ordering mass deportations; and undermining child care and home care providers.

The good news is states can narrow the gender pay gap with policies that guarantee access to paid family and medical leave, mandate pay transparency, raise the minimum wage, and make it easier for workers to form unions. Equal pay analysis →

Trump has weaponized the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to go after employers—like Nike—with diversity, equity, and inclusion programs, accusing them of “reverse racism” against white workers.

But nothing in the EEOC’s own data points to evidence of systemic discrimination against white workers. A more diverse workforce reflects demographic changes: People of color have made up a growing share of the U.S. working-age population since 1989.  

The Trump administration’s actions represent an emboldened assertion of white supremacy, and it doesn’t have to be this way → 

EPI’s updated Family Budget Calculator shows how much income it takes to afford basic expenses in every U.S. county and metropolitan area in 2025. It estimates community-specific costs—housing, food, transportation, child care, health care, taxes—for 10 family types.

Many families today struggle to make ends meet because their pay hasn’t risen nearly as fast as it could have with the growing economy over the last 50 years. This is a direct result of bad policy choices advancing corporate interests at the expense of typical workers. The new Wage Calculator shows how much higher your pay could be if wages had kept up with productivity since 1979.

Try the tools to better understand affordability →

Nearly a half a million more workers were represented by a union in 2025 compared with 2024. The number of unionized workers was the highest it has been in 16 years.

The increase demonstrates working people’s desire for greater agency in their workplaces and in shaping policies that affect their lives. In a time of fear, uncertainty, and hardship, the importance and benefits of unionization are especially clear.

Read more →

EPI in the news

  • EFE | March 24, 2026
  • Work + Money | March 24, 2026
  • Keeping Democracy Alive (Pacifica Radio) | March 24, 2026
  • The Wall Street Journal | March 24, 2026
  • Raleigh News and Observer | March 24, 2026
  • NBC News | March 24, 2026
  • EFE | March 24, 2026

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