Logistic regression analysis of odds of being employed among American Indians and whites, ages 25–54, 2009–2011
| Odds ratio | Statistical significance | |
|---|---|---|
| Basic demographics | ||
| American Indiana | 0.694 | *** |
| Latino | 1.124 | *** |
| Male | 2.238 | *** |
| Age | 1.073 | *** |
| Age squared | 0.999 | *** |
| Personal characteristics | ||
| Marriedb | 1.122 | *** |
| Never marriedb | 0.778 | *** |
| Number of children | 0.883 | *** |
| Veteran | 1.107 | *** |
| Has a disability | 0.179 | *** |
| Human capital | ||
| Speaks only English at home | 1.075 | *** |
| GEDc | 1.497 | *** |
| High school diplomac | 2.415 | *** |
| Some collegec | 2.925 | *** |
| Associate degreec | 4.144 | *** |
| Bachelor’s degreec | 4.385 | *** |
| Advanced degreec | 7.078 | *** |
| Urbanicity and reservation status | ||
| Central cityd | 0.969 | *** |
| Suburband | 1.014 | *** |
| Lives on or close to a reservation | 0.983 | ** |
| State of residence (reference: states without tribal lands) | ||
| Alabama | 0.909 | *** |
| Alaska | 0.977 | |
| Arizona | 0.851 | *** |
| California | 0.760 | *** |
| Colorado | 1.018 | |
| Connecticut | 1.059 | *** |
| Florida | 0.882 | *** |
| Idaho | 0.949 | * |
| Illinoise | 1.006 | |
| Iowa | 1.582 | *** |
| Kansas | 1.289 | *** |
| Louisiana | 1.037 | * |
| Maine | 1.039 | |
| Massachusetts | 1.019 | |
| Michigan | 0.840 | *** |
| Minnesota | 1.406 | *** |
| Mississippi | 0.952 | ** |
| Montana | 1.145 | *** |
| Nebraska | 1.628 | *** |
| Nevada | 0.860 | *** |
| New Mexico | 0.891 | *** |
| New York | 0.987 | |
| North Carolina | 0.917 | *** |
| North Dakota | 1.773 | *** |
| Oklahoma | 1.101 | *** |
| Oregon | 0.822 | *** |
| Rhode Island | 1.129 | *** |
| South Carolina | 0.909 | *** |
| South Dakota | 1.756 | *** |
| Texas | 1.037 | *** |
| Utah | 0.846 | *** |
| Washington | 0.874 | *** |
| Wisconsin | 1.373 | *** |
| Wyoming | 1.332 | *** |
| Log likelihood = -1128355.1 Pseudo R2 = 0.1241 |
||
| Number of obs = 2,459,829 | ||
* p<.05; ** p<.01; *** p<.001; robust standard errors
a Includes multiracial individuals. The reference category is white.
b The reference category is separated, divorced, or widowed.
c The reference category is less than a high school diploma.
d The reference category is central city status unknown, not in a metropolitan area, and metropolitan status not identifiable.
e Illinois does not have tribal lands; however, because many American Indians were relocated to Chicago in the mid-20th century, we include it in this analysis.
Note: These data include American Indian multiracials and Hispanics of both races, but exclude the foreign born.
Source: Author's analysis of American Community Survey data from Ruggles et al. (2013)
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