4.3 million migrants had precarious immigration statuses as of early 2024: Number of migrant individuals in the United States with temporary immigration statuses or protections from removal through administrative immigration relief, and asylum-seekers with approved Employment Authorization Documents, 2023-24
| Administrative immigration program or status | Number of beneficiaries |
|---|---|
| Temporary Protected Status (TPS) | 863,880 |
| Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) | 530,000 |
| Processed via CBP One app | 501,000 |
| Cuban, Haitian, Nicaraguan, and Venezuelan Parole Program (CHNV) | 386,000 |
| Uniting for Ukraine | 196,000 |
| Deferred Action: U Visa | 137,000 |
| Deferred Action: Special Immigrant Juvenile Status | 80,000 |
| Operation Allies Welcome | 75,000 |
| Asylum-seekers with approved work permit* | 1,503,840 |
| Total | 4,272,720 |
Notes: Original table from the Migration Policy Institute does not include asylum-seekers (see source). Asylum-seekers do not have a formal immigration status but are permitted to remain in the United States lawfully while their claims are adjudicated. *Number of asylum-seekers with an approved work permit is the sum of the number of total approved Employment Authorization Documents in fiscal years 2022 and 2023. (Many asylum-seeker EADs are now valid for two years and since 2023, for up to five years. The number of total asylum seekers is likely to be much larger, given that some asylum-seekers are children or elderly or do not intend to be employed.) Some unknown share of individual asylum-seekers are likely to overlap with individuals counted in other categories; for example, some Afghans paroled through Operation Allies Welcome, CHNV parolees, and CBP One parolees may have also applied for asylum, and some parolees may have become eligible for Temporary Protected Status, etc.
Source: Adapted from Table A1 in Jeanne Batalova, Julia Gelatt, and Michael Fix, How Immigrants and their U.S.-Born Children Fit into the Future of the U.S. Labor Market, Migration Policy Institute, April 2024 (methodology explained in report). U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, "Form I-765 Application for Employment Authorization, All Receipts, Approvals, Denials Grouped by Eligibility Category and Filing Type," fiscal years 2022 and 2023. Employment authorization category "C085, applicant/pending asylum."
This chart appears in:
Previous chart: « States with AAPI limited English proficient (LEP) population shares greater than 30% and their share of the overall AAPI population, 2022