Figure A26

Percentage of workforce represented by a union, by education, 1979–2017

Year Less than high school High school Some college College degree Advanced degree
1979 26.97% 28.65% 22.09%  22.64%  27.41%
1983 23.18% 25.70% 19.95% 21.06% 27.05%
1984 21.09% 23.87% 18.82% 19.25% 26.43%
1985 19.15% 22.82% 17.81% 18.65% 25.32%
1986 18.39% 22.08% 17.43% 18.16% 25.13%
1987 16.68% 21.36% 17.25% 17.55% 24.91%
1988 16.11% 21.33% 16.52% 17.79% 25.22%
1989 15.57% 20.71% 16.41% 17.31% 25.08%
1990 14.21% 20.34% 16.98% 16.86% 24.28%
1991 14.31% 19.88% 17.17% 16.76% 24.23%
1992 13.48% 19.79% 16.48% 16.12% 24.27%
1993 12.81% 19.45%  16.56% 16.37% 24.27%
1994 12.05% 19.05% 16.88% 16.31% 24.31% 
1995 11.57% 18.10% 16.08% 15.73% 23.30%
1996 11.01% 17.47% 15.82% 15.44% 22.83%
1997 9.97% 16.67% 15.34% 15.39% 22.68%
1998 9.43% 16.22% 15.39% 15.14% 21.99%
1999 9.26% 16.09% 15.18% 15.21% 22.04%
2000 9.01% 15.72% 14.73% 14.57% 21.35%
2001 8.69% 15.48% 14.95% 14.48% 21.28%
2002 8.47%  15.33% 14.25% 14.45% 21.50%
2003 8.00% 14.64% 14.31% 14.44% 20.80%
2004 7.85% 13.92% 13.56% 14.06% 21.41%
2005 7.90% 13.73% 13.38% 14.03% 20.94%
2006 6.73% 13.19% 13.00% 13.70% 20.16%
2007 6.63% 13.20% 13.07% 14.06% 20.16%
2008 7.45% 13.32% 13.47% 14.11% 21.13%
2009 7.57% 12.98% 13.49% 13.74% 20.58%
2010 6.67% 12.54% 12.87% 13.23% 20.62%
2011 6.69% 12.32% 12.82% 12.81% 20.67%
2012 6.33% 12.10% 12.21% 12.34% 19.07%
2013 6.65% 11.85% 12.15% 12.33% 18.73%
2014 6.67% 11.71% 11.92% 12.10% 18.80%
2015 6.60% 11.27% 12.03% 12.20% 19.08%
2016 6.46% 10.98% 11.83% 11.79% 18.04%
2017 6.31% 11.20% 11.91% 11.47% 17.74%
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Economic Policy Institute

Source: EPI analysis of Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation Group and May Extract microdata

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