Requiring parental consent, hours guidance, and employer sign-off on work permits reduces violations: Population-adjusted reductions in violations and minor involvement by work permit feature
| Parental Consent Requirement | Employer Signature Requirement | Work Hours Documentation Requirement | Job Description Requirement | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Violation cases | 13.93% | 6.67% | 11.49% | 0.10% |
| Minors involved | 18.45% | 11.57% | 23.97% | 1.09% |
Note: Bars show estimated reductions in child labor violations and minors involved associated with specific work permit requirements (coefficients are rescaled to be positive for readability). Bars show percentage reductions, converted from log-transformed coefficients reported in Table 8 (Bao and Ashish 2024). Estimates for employer signature and job description requirements are not conventionally statistically significant and are shown for comparability across permit features.
Source: Adapted Table 8 from Bao, Fred, and Ashish Kabra. 2024. State Mandated Employment Certificate for Minors Reduces Child Labor Violations in the US. June 2024. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4857432
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