Shares of total income growth captured by the top 1% from 1945 to 1973, 1973 to 2007, and 2009 to 2015, U.S. and by state and region
| State/region | 1945–1973 | 1973–2007 | 2009–2015 |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States | 4.9% | 58.7% | 41.8% |
| Alabama | 7.5% | 46.6% | 39.1% |
| Alaska | NA | Ŧ | 9.9% |
| Arizona | 6.4% | Ŧ | 27.3% |
| Arkansas | 9.7% | 32.8% | 27.4% |
| California | 3.4% | 56.8% | 53.1% |
| Colorado | 4.0% | 50.9% | 22.2% |
| Connecticut | 5.2% | 63.5% | 134.2% |
| Delaware | ŧ | 52.3% | 44.7% |
| District of Columbia | 4.5% | 64.6% | 26.5% |
| Florida | 9.0% | 85.7% | 77.5% |
| Georgia | 6.8% | 50.7% | 45.7% |
| Hawaii | 2.8% | Ŧ | 6.2% |
| Idaho | 7.4% | 51.8% | 23.2% |
| Illinois | 3.8% | 73.3% | 39.6% |
| Indiana | 5.7% | 56.2% | 26.2% |
| Iowa | 6.0% | 39.3% | 18.3% |
| Kansas | 6.7% | 39.3% | 23.8% |
| Kentucky | 7.2% | 39.0% | 34.4% |
| Louisiana | 8.2% | 23.3% | 3.7% |
| Maine | 5.2% | 34.5% | 28.7% |
| Maryland | 2.9% | 50.3% | 58.4% |
| Massachusetts | 2.9% | 50.4% | 58.4% |
| Michigan | 4.4% | Ŧ | 32.9% |
| Minnesota | 4.1% | 45.2% | 27.4% |
| Mississippi | 8.4% | 35.5% | 18.5% |
| Missouri | 4.7% | 48.3% | 53.1% |
| Montana | 6.1% | 86.9% | 14.1% |
| Nebraska | 6.6% | 41.5% | 21.9% |
| Nevada | 3.0% | Ŧ | 81.0% |
| New Hampshire | 5.6% | 32.4% | 23.0% |
| New Jersey | 6.0% | 46.5% | 34.2% |
| New Mexico | 6.9% | 72.0% | 2.8% |
| New York | 0.5% | 87.3% | 51.4% |
| North Carolina | 5.3% | 37.9% | 117.3% |
| North Dakota | 4.0% | Ŧ | 14.6% |
| Ohio | 3.9% | 59.1% | 30.2% |
| Oklahoma | 8.4% | 39.6% | 10.3% |
| Oregon | 4.7% | 52.5% | 29.8% |
| Pennsylvania | 3.4% | 45.0% | 33.3% |
| Rhode Island | 0.6% | 45.2% | 24.0% |
| South Carolina | 6.7% | 77.9% | 36.1% |
| South Dakota | 5.4% | 46.6% | 23.2% |
| Tennessee | 8.0% | 48.2% | 32.3% |
| Texas | 10.0% | 45.5% | 25.6% |
| Utah | 5.8% | 49.5% | 20.5% |
| Vermont | 5.1% | 42.6% | 20.9% |
| Virginia | 5.9% | 31.6% | 38.3% |
| Washington | 8.4% | 41.9% | 42.0% |
| West Virginia | 8.6% | 33.7% | ŧ |
| Wisconsin | 4.4% | 44.7% | 20.1% |
| Wyoming | 7.3% | 71.4% | 43.0% |
| Northeast | 2.8% | 61.7% | 50.4% |
| Midwest | 4.6% | 61.2% | 31.5% |
| South | 7.7% | 48.7% | 43.5% |
| West | 4.6% | 58.9% | 46.3% |
Ŧ Top 1% incomes grew while overall incomes fell over this period.
ŧ Top 1% incomes fell while overall incomes grew over this period.
Notes: Where the top 1% share of income growth is greater than 100%, that means the bottom 99% suffered income losses during that period. The top 1% share of total income growth over a period is calculated as 0.01 * ($ change in average top 1% income) / ($ change in overall average income). The bottom 99% share of total income growth is calculated as 0.99 * ($ change in average top 99% income) / ($ change in overall average income). When top 1% income rises while bottom 99% income falls (but overall income growth is still positive), the top 1% share will be greater than 100%. If the calculated growth share would be a negative number, we use the symbol ŧ (“top 1% incomes fell while overall incomes grew over this period”) or Ŧ (“top 1% incomes grew while overall incomes fell over this period”).
Source: Authors’ analysis of state-level tax data from Sommeiller 2006 extended to 2015 using state-level data from the Internal Revenue Service SOI Tax Stats (various years) and Piketty and Saez 2016
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