Figure H

The South lags behind in union coverage rates: Union coverage rates by region, 1989–2021

Year South West Northeast Midwest
1989 11.2% 20.1% 24.3% 22.0%
1990 10.7% 19.5% 24.8% 21.6%
1991 10.9% 19.3% 25.0% 21.2%
1992 10.8% 19.4% 23.6% 21.0%
1993 10.9% 19.0% 23.7% 20.7%
1994 10.7% 19.1% 24.0% 20.2%
1995 9.8% 18.4% 23.4% 19.7%
1996 9.7% 17.2% 22.2% 19.7%
1997 9.0% 17.0% 21.7% 19.0%
1998 8.9% 16.6% 21.4% 18.6%
1999 8.9% 16.8% 21.4% 18.3%
2000 8.6% 15.9% 20.9% 18.0%
2001 8.6% 15.8% 21.0% 17.8%
2002 8.3% 16.2% 20.3% 17.3%
2003 8.2% 16.0% 19.9% 17.0%
2004 7.6% 15.6% 20.0% 16.4%
2005 7.3% 15.6% 20.3% 16.1%
2006 7.0% 15.2% 19.5% 15.5%
2007 7.1% 15.9% 19.9% 15.0%
2008 7.2% 17.0% 20.2% 15.5%
2009 7.2% 16.1% 20.8% 15.2%
2010 7.1% 16.1% 19.5% 14.4%
2011 7.0% 15.7% 19.4% 14.7%
2012 7.1% 15.6% 18.5% 13.2%
2013 7.2% 14.9% 18.4% 13.5%
2014 6.8% 15.0% 18.5% 13.3%
2015 7.1% 14.7% 18.7% 13.1%
2016 6.6% 14.8% 18.0% 12.9%
2017 6.5% 14.6% 18.3% 12.8%
2018 6.5% 14.3% 17.9% 12.5%
2019 6.4% 14.6% 17.2% 12.4%
2020 6.9% 14.8% 18.1% 13.1%
2021 6.0% 15.0% 17.9% 12.6%
2022 6.0% 14.7% 16.9% 12.2%
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Economic Policy Institute

Note: Union coverage refers to union members and those who are not members but are still covered by a union contract.

Source: EPI analysis of Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation Group microdata. 

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