Spending 9
The top 1 percent benefit the most from tax expenditures: Distribution of selected tax expenditures as a share of after-tax income, 2015
| Expenditure | Lowest | Second | Middle | Fourth | 81-90 | 91-95 | 96-99 | Top 1% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All exclusions (Including interactions) | 4.2% | 4.5% | 5.0% | 5.2% | 5.0% | 4.8% | 5.7% | 3.2% |
| All deductions (Including interactions) | 0.0% | 0.2% | 0.4% | 0.8% | 1.5% | 2.1% | 2.7% | 3.9% |
| Preferential tax rates on capital gains and dividends | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 1.0% | 5.3% |
| All Credits (Including interactions) | 8.1% | 3.3% | 1.5% | 0.7% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| All expenditures (Including interactions) | 11.7% | 7.9% | 7.3% | 7.3% | 7.4% | 7.8% | 9.9% | 13.1% |
Notes: Unlike transfers data, CBO only gives data for comparisons of tax expenditures to after-tax income.
Source: From CBO (May 2013) The Distribution of Major Tax Expenditures in the Individual Income Tax System.
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