Chart: U.S.-Born population between the ages of 20 and 64 forecast to shrink every year for the next decade: Projections of U.S.-Born and foreign-born populations (millions), 2025–2035 | Economic Policy Institute

Figure B

U.S.-Born population between the ages of 20 and 64 forecast to shrink every year for the next decade: Projections of U.S.-Born and foreign-born populations (millions), 2025–2035

Year	Baseline	Net immigration halved	Zero net immigration
2025	203.0	203.0	203.0
2026	202.8	202.6	202.4
2027	202.9	202.5	202.0
2028	203.1	202.4	201.7
2029	203.4	202.4	201.4
2030	203.7	202.3	200.9
2031	204.2	202.4	200.6
2032	204.8	202.6	200.5
2033	205.4	202.9	200.3
2034	206.0	203.1	200.2
2035	206.5	203.1	199.8

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Source: Author’s analysis based on data from CBO (2025a, 2025b).

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The U.S.-Born labor force will shrink over the next decade: Achieving historically ‘normal’ GDP growth rates will be impossible, unless immigration flows are sustained

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