Employment multipliers by major sector
| Employment multipliers, per 100 direct jobs | Employment multipliers, per $1,000,000 in final demand | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sector | Direct jobs | Supplier jobs, materials and capital services | Induced jobs, direct, supplier and public | Total | Direct jobs | Supplier jobs, materials and capital services | Induced jobs, direct, supplier and public | Total | |
| Agriculture, forest, fishing and hunting | 100 | 93.6 | 134.8 | 228.5 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 4.8 | 10.1 | |
| Mining | 100 | 224.0 | 166.0 | 390.0 | 1.3 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 5.9 | |
| Utilities | 100 | 515.4 | 442.2 | 957.7 | 1.0 | 4.5 | 5.9 | 10.4 | |
| Construction | 100 | 88.0 | 138.1 | 226.1 | 5.5 | 4.8 | 6.1 | 10.9 | |
| Durable manufacturing | 100 | 289.1 | 454.9 | 744.1 | 1.8 | 4.9 | 11.6 | 16.5 | |
| Non-durable manufacturing | 100 | 184.8 | 329.5 | 514.3 | 2.6 | 4.3 | 10.4 | 14.7 | |
| Wholesale trade | 100 | 107.3 | 128.0 | 235.3 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 8.4 | |
| Retail trade | 100 | 46.7 | 75.4 | 122.1 | 9.9 | 4.6 | 6.1 | 10.6 | |
| Transportation and warehousing | 100 | 112.8 | 163.3 | 276.0 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 11.3 | |
| Information | 100 | 252.0 | 321.1 | 573.1 | 2.0 | 4.5 | 6.4 | 10.9 | |
| Finance and insurance | 100 | 149.7 | 214.7 | 364.4 | 3.1 | 4.7 | 6.2 | 10.8 | |
| Real estate and rental leasing | 100 | 396.6 | 483.1 | 879.7 | 1.4 | 5.4 | 17.2 | 22.6 | |
| Professional, scientific and technical services | 100 | 142.1 | 276.2 | 418.3 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 10.4 | 15.3 | |
| Management of companies | 100 | 144.4 | 255.4 | 399.9 | 3.6 | 5.2 | 7.2 | 12.4 | |
| Administrative and support services and waste management | 100 | 45.5 | 89.1 | 134.5 | 10.6 | 5.0 | 8.1 | 13.1 | |
| Educational services | 100 | 63.8 | 129.9 | 193.7 | 9.1 | 5.4 | 9.2 | 14.6 | |
| Health care and social assistance | 100 | 69.4 | 136.2 | 205.6 | 7.8 | 5.3 | 8.2 | 13.5 | |
| Arts, entertainment, and recreation | 100 | 123.3 | 255.2 | 378.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 16.0 | 22.5 | |
| Accommodation and food services | 100 | 53.8 | 107.4 | 161.2 | 11.5 | 6.3 | 7.0 | 13.2 | |
| Other services (except public administration) | 100 | 70.7 | 139.6 | 210.3 | 8.7 | 5.3 | 8.7 | 14.0 | |
Note: See methods appendix for derivation. Data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Employment Requirements Matrices (ERM), the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program of the BLS, and the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) GDP-by-industry accounts. The industry-specific multipliers from Appendix Table A1 are then weighted and summed across industries within sectors to get the multipliers in this table. For the per $1,000,000 multipliers, the weight used is an output weight, while for the per-100-jobs multipliers the weight used is hours of work (both weights are included in the BLS ERM data).
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