Appendix Table F5

Other noncognitive skills at the beginning of kindergarten, as reported by teachers, under fully adjusted models

  Interpersonal relationships Closeness to teacher Eagerness to learn Attention Persistence in completing tasks
  M3R/M3S M3R/M3S M3R/M3S M3R/M3S M3R/M3S
Black -0.200***
(0.052)		 -0.246***
(0.050)		 -0.188***
(0.049)		 -0.136***
(0.050)		 -0.144***
(0.048)
Hispanic ELL 0.061
(0.089)		 0.015
(0.089)		 0.061
(0.084)		 0.061
(0.086)		 0.027
(0.087)
Hispanic English -0.020
(0.041)		 -0.003
(0.039)		 -0.069
(0.042)		 -0.055
(0.040)		 -0.071*
(0.041)
Asian -0.047
(0.067)		 -0.193***
(0.072)		 0.031
(0.064)		 0.040
(0.064)		 0.132**
(0.064)
Other -0.050
(0.056)		 -0.164***
(0.049)		 -0.019
(0.050)		 -0.063
(0.053)		 -0.008
(0.049)
Low-middle SES 0.088**
(0.044)		 0.046
(0.043)		 0.092**
(0.043)		 0.104***
(0.039)		 0.116***
Middle SES 0.176***
(0.047)		 0.120***
(0.046)		 0.189***
(0.046)		 0.185***
(0.043)		 0.177***
(0.043)
High-middle SES 0.319***
(0.046)		 0.192***
(0.046)		 0.355***
(0.047)		 0.360***
(0.044)		 0.346***
(0.044)
High SES 0.348***
(0.049)		 0.229***
(0.048)		 0.407***
(0.048)		 0.438***
(0.045)		 0.422***
(0.046)
Girl 0.345***
(0.023)		 0.318***
(0.021)		 0.210***
(0.022)		 0.385***
(0.022)		 0.270***
(0.022)
Age of student 0.014***
(0.003)		 -0.001
(0.003)		 0.018***
(0.003)		 0.023***
(0.003)		 0.026***
(0.003)
Has a disability -0.254***
(0.031)		 -0.124***
(0.028)		 -0.217***
(0.029)		 -0.287***
(0.029)		 -0.279***
(0.029)
Language at home is not English -0.065
(0.073)		 -0.066
(0.074)		 0.005
(0.066)		 0.009
(0.069)		 0.064
(0.070)
Not living with two parents -0.221***
(0.030)		 -0.074**
(0.029)		 -0.162***
(0.029)		 -0.209***
(0.029)		 -0.172***
(0.029)
Number of siblings 0.024**
(0.011)		 -0.026**
(0.011)		 -0.029***
(0.010)		 0.016
(0.010)		 0.004
(0.010)
Immigrant -0.053
(0.039)		 -0.066*
(0.036)		 -0.021
(0.039)		 0.010
(0.036)		 0.023
(0.037)
Center-based pre-K -0.032
(0.024)		 0.019
(0.022)		 0.005
(0.023)		 -0.012
(0.023)		 -0.002
(0.023)
Enrichment activities with parents 0.065***
(0.022)		 0.086***
(0.021)		 0.115***
(0.021)		 0.099***
(0.021)		 0.069***
(0.021)
Constant -1.123***
(0.203)		 0.012
(0.188)		 -1.373***
(0.196)		 -1.811***
(0.191)		 -1.987***
(0.190)
Observations 9,020 9,640 9,730 9,730 9,710
Adj.R2 0.181 0.170 0.146 0.163 0.174
Economic Policy Institute

Note: Robust standard errors are in parentheses. For statistical significance, *** denotes p<0.01, ** denotes p<0.05, and * denotes p<0.1. The number of observations is rounded to the nearest multiple of 10. ELL stands for English-language learner. English refers to English-language speaker. SES refers to socioeconomic status. See Appendix A.

Source: EPI analysis of ECLS-K, Kindergarten Class of 2010-2011 (National Center for Education Statistics)

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