Figure L

Union effects on nonunion private-sector wages, 1973–2013: Additional weekly wages that nonunion private-sector workers would earn had the share of workers in a union (union density) remained the same as in 1973, 1973–2013 (2013 dollars)

Year Men Women
1973 $0.00 $0.00
1974 $2.48 $0.86
1975 $6.09 $1.37
1976 $7.54 $1.99
1977 $9.26 $2.01
1978 $12.22 $2.91
1979 $10.88 $1.82
1980 $14.65 $3.54
1981 $17.22 $4.10
1983 $26.64 $6.38
1984 $32.19 $8.02
1985 $36.29 $9.38
1986 $38.85 $10.06
1987 $40.17 $10.54
1988 $41.87 $11.18
1989 $42.75 $11.77
1990 $44.14 $12.11
1991 $43.87 $12.16
1992 $43.12 $12.35
1993 $44.63 $12.60
1995 $49.68 $13.66
1996 $48.72 $13.42
1997 $51.06 $14.25
1998 $53.69 $14.66
1999 $54.91 $14.82
2000 $56.98 $15.46
2001 $58.62 $15.53
2002 $59.83 $15.51
2003 $61.06 $15.33
2004 $61.04 $15.05
2005 $62.05 $15.46
2006 $62.73 $15.33
2007 $63.31 $15.61
2008 $60.75 $14.83
2009 $60.47 $13.88
2010 $58.79 $13.44
2011 $59.67 $14.37
2012 $62.49 $14.70
2013 $62.40 $14.73 
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Notes: Sample restricted to nonunion full-time workers in the private sector ages 16 to 64. See the text and Methodological Appendix for details on the analysis.

Source: Authors’ compilations from the Current Population Survey (CPS) May Supplement microdata and CPS Outgoing Rotation Group microdata.

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