Figure A
Import growth dwarfs export growth in manufactured goods: Manufacturing exports and imports as shares of U.S. gross domestic product (GDP), 1967–2018
| Exports as share of GDP | Imports as share of GDP | |
|---|---|---|
| 1967Q1 | 3.1% | 3.0% |
| 1967Q2 | 3.0% | 2.9% |
| 1967Q3 | 3.0% | 2.9% |
| 1967Q4 | 3.0% | 3.1% |
| 1968Q1 | 3.0% | 3.3% |
| 1968Q2 | 3.1% | 3.3% |
| 1968Q3 | 3.2% | 3.5% |
| 1968Q4 | 3.2% | 3.4% |
| 1969Q1 | 2.8% | 2.8% |
| 1969Q2 | 3.3% | 3.6% |
| 1969Q3 | 3.3% | 3.5% |
| 1969Q4 | 3.4% | 3.5% |
| 1970Q1 | 3.5% | 3.5% |
| 1970Q2 | 3.6% | 3.5% |
| 1970Q3 | 3.5% | 3.5% |
| 1970Q4 | 3.5% | 3.6% |
| 1971Q1 | 3.4% | 3.6% |
| 1971Q2 | 3.3% | 3.8% |
| 1971Q3 | 3.5% | 3.9% |
| 1971Q4 | 3.0% | 3.5% |
| 1972Q1 | 3.4% | 4.1% |
| 1972Q2 | 3.2% | 3.9% |
| 1972Q3 | 3.4% | 4.1% |
| 1972Q4 | 3.4% | 4.2% |
| 1973Q1 | 3.6% | 4.4% |
| 1973Q2 | 3.9% | 4.4% |
| 1973Q3 | 4.1% | 4.4% |
| 1973Q4 | 4.5% | 4.5% |
| 1974Q1 | 4.9% | 4.7% |
| 1974Q2 | 5.3% | 5.0% |
| 1974Q3 | 5.3% | 5.2% |
| 1974Q4 | 5.6% | 5.2% |
| 1975Q1 | 5.5% | 4.6% |
| 1975Q2 | 5.4% | 4.1% |
| 1975Q3 | 5.2% | 4.2% |
| 1975Q4 | 5.3% | 4.2% |
| 1976Q1 | 5.2% | 4.6% |
| 1976Q2 | 5.2% | 4.7% |
| 1976Q3 | 5.2% | 4.9% |
| 1976Q4 | 5.3% | 5.0% |
| 1977Q1 | 5.2% | 5.0% |
| 1977Q2 | 5.1% | 5.3% |
| 1977Q3 | 5.1% | 5.1% |
| 1977Q4 | 4.7% | 5.3% |
| 1978Q1 | 4.8% | 5.8% |
| 1978Q2 | 5.1% | 5.8% |
| 1978Q3 | 5.1% | 5.7% |
| 1978Q4 | 5.5% | 5.7% |
| 1979Q1 | 5.7% | 5.7% |
| 1979Q2 | 5.6% | 5.9% |
| 1979Q3 | 5.8% | 5.6% |
| 1979Q4 | 6.1% | 6.0% |
| 1980Q1 | 6.6% | 6.2% |
| 1980Q2 | 6.7% | 6.0% |
| 1980Q3 | 6.5% | 5.7% |
| 1980Q4 | 6.5% | 5.8% |
| 1981Q1 | 6.4% | 5.8% |
| 1981Q2 | 6.5% | 6.0% |
| 1981Q3 | 6.1% | 5.7% |
| 1981Q4 | 6.1% | 6.0% |
| 1982Q1 | 5.9% | 5.8% |
| 1982Q2 | 5.8% | 5.8% |
| 1982Q3 | 5.5% | 5.7% |
| 1982Q4 | 5.0% | 5.3% |
| 1983Q1 | 5.0% | 5.7% |
| 1983Q2 | 4.8% | 5.8% |
| 1983Q3 | 4.7% | 6.0% |
| 1983Q4 | 4.9% | 6.4% |
| 1984Q1 | 4.7% | 6.8% |
| 1984Q2 | 4.7% | 6.9% |
| 1984Q3 | 4.8% | 6.9% |
| 1984Q4 | 4.8% | 6.9% |
| 1985Q1 | 4.7% | 6.6% |
| 1985Q2 | 4.6% | 6.7% |
| 1985Q3 | 4.5% | 6.6% |
| 1985Q4 | 4.4% | 6.9% |
| 1986Q1 | 4.4% | 7.0% |
| 1986Q2 | 4.4% | 7.3% |
| 1986Q3 | 4.4% | 7.4% |
| 1986Q4 | 4.6% | 7.5% |
| 1987Q1 | 4.6% | 7.5% |
| 1987Q2 | 4.8% | 7.7% |
| 1987Q3 | 4.9% | 7.6% |
| 1987Q4 | 5.2% | 7.8% |
| 1988Q1 | 5.4% | 7.9% |
| 1988Q2 | 5.6% | 7.8% |
| 1988Q3 | 5.6% | 7.8% |
| 1988Q4 | 5.8% | 8.0% |
| 1989Q1 | 5.8% | 7.9% |
| 1989Q2 | 6.0% | 7.8% |
| 1989Q3 | 6.0% | 7.5% |
| 1989Q4 | 5.9% | 7.6% |
| 1990Q1 | 6.0% | 7.5% |
| 1990Q2 | 6.0% | 7.5% |
| 1990Q3 | 6.1% | 7.4% |
| 1990Q4 | 6.2% | 7.5% |
| 1991Q1 | 6.3% | 7.3% |
| 1991Q2 | 6.4% | 7.2% |
| 1991Q3 | 6.3% | 7.3% |
| 1991Q4 | 6.3% | 7.4% |
| 1992Q1 | 6.4% | 7.5% |
| 1992Q2 | 6.2% | 7.5% |
| 1992Q3 | 6.3% | 7.6% |
| 1992Q4 | 6.2% | 7.6% |
| 1993Q1 | 6.2% | 7.7% |
| 1993Q2 | 6.3% | 7.9% |
| 1993Q3 | 6.1% | 7.9% |
| 1993Q4 | 6.3% | 8.1% |
| 1994Q1 | 6.2% | 8.2% |
| 1994Q2 | 6.4% | 8.5% |
| 1994Q3 | 6.7% | 8.7% |
| 1994Q4 | 6.7% | 9.0% |
| 1995Q1 | 6.9% | 9.2% |
| 1995Q2 | 7.0% | 9.3% |
| 1995Q3 | 7.1% | 9.2% |
| 1995Q4 | 7.0% | 9.1% |
| 1996Q1 | 7.0% | 9.2% |
| 1996Q2 | 6.9% | 9.1% |
| 1996Q3 | 7.0% | 9.1% |
| 1996Q4 | 7.2% | 9.1% |
| 1997Q1 | 7.3% | 9.3% |
| 1997Q2 | 7.5% | 9.4% |
| 1997Q3 | 7.6% | 9.6% |
| 1997Q4 | 7.4% | 9.6% |
| 1998Q1 | 7.4% | 9.7% |
| 1998Q2 | 7.0% | 9.8% |
| 1998Q3 | 6.9% | 9.6% |
| 1998Q4 | 7.0% | 9.8% |
| 1999Q1 | 6.8% | 9.9% |
| 1999Q2 | 6.8% | 10.1% |
| 1999Q3 | 6.9% | 10.3% |
| 1999Q4 | 7.0% | 10.4% |
| 2000Q1 | 7.1% | 10.7% |
| 2000Q2 | 7.2% | 10.9% |
| 2000Q3 | 7.5% | 11.2% |
| 2000Q4 | 7.3% | 11.1% |
| 2001Q1 | 7.1% | 10.8% |
| 2001Q2 | 6.7% | 10.1% |
| 2001Q3 | 6.2% | 9.8% |
| 2001Q4 | 6.0% | 9.5% |
| 2002Q1 | 5.9% | 9.6% |
| 2002Q2 | 6.1% | 9.9% |
| 2002Q3 | 6.1% | 10.1% |
| 2002Q4 | 5.9% | 10.1% |
| 2003Q1 | 5.9% | 10.1% |
| 2003Q2 | 5.9% | 10.1% |
| 2003Q3 | 5.9% | 9.9% |
| 2003Q4 | 6.0% | 10.1% |
| 2004Q1 | 6.2% | 10.4% |
| 2004Q2 | 6.3% | 10.8% |
| 2004Q3 | 6.3% | 10.9% |
| 2004Q4 | 6.4% | 11.0% |
| 2005Q1 | 6.4% | 11.1% |
| 2005Q2 | 6.6% | 11.1% |
| 2005Q3 | 6.5% | 11.0% |
| 2005Q4 | 6.7% | 11.3% |
| 2006Q1 | 6.9% | 11.4% |
| 2006Q2 | 7.0% | 11.4% |
| 2006Q3 | 7.1% | 11.5% |
| 2006Q4 | 7.2% | 11.5% |
| 2007Q1 | 7.2% | 11.5% |
| 2007Q2 | 7.3% | 11.5% |
| 2007Q3 | 7.4% | 11.5% |
| 2007Q4 | 7.6% | 11.3% |
| 2008Q1 | 7.9% | 11.5% |
| 2008Q2 | 8.2% | 11.7% |
| 2008Q3 | 8.5% | 11.6% |
| 2008Q4 | 7.3% | 10.5% |
| 2009Q1 | 6.4% | 9.0% |
| 2009Q2 | 6.3% | 8.6% |
| 2009Q3 | 6.7% | 9.1% |
| 2009Q4 | 7.2% | 9.8% |
| 2010Q1 | 7.4% | 10.0% |
| 2010Q2 | 7.7% | 10.5% |
| 2010Q3 | 7.7% | 10.8% |
| 2010Q4 | 8.0% | 11.1% |
| 2011Q1 | 8.2% | 11.3% |
| 2011Q2 | 8.5% | 11.4% |
| 2011Q3 | 8.6% | 11.5% |
| 2011Q4 | 8.5% | 11.5% |
| 2012Q1 | 8.6% | 11.6% |
| 2012Q2 | 8.5% | 11.6% |
| 2012Q3 | 8.4% | 11.5% |
| 2012Q4 | 8.4% | 11.4% |
| 2013Q1 | 8.4% | 11.4% |
| 2013Q2 | 8.5% | 11.5% |
| 2013Q3 | 8.3% | 11.3% |
| 2013Q4 | 8.5% | 11.3% |
| 2014Q1 | 8.3% | 11.5% |
| 2014Q2 | 8.4% | 11.7% |
| 2014Q3 | 8.4% | 11.6% |
| 2014Q4 | 8.1% | 11.7% |
| 2015Q1 | 7.6% | 11.7% |
| 2015Q2 | 7.6% | 11.5% |
| 2015Q3 | 7.4% | 11.4% |
| 2015Q4 | 7.2% | 11.3% |
| 2016Q1 | 6.9% | 11.1% |
| 2016Q2 | 7.0% | 10.9% |
| 2016Q3 | 6.9% | 11.0% |
| 2016Q4 | 6.9% | 11.1% |
| 2017Q1 | 7.1% | 11.1% |
| 2017Q2 | 7.0% | 11.1% |
| 2017Q3 | 7.0% | 11.1% |
| 2017Q4 | 7.4% | 11.4% |
| 2018Q1 | 7.4% | 11.5% |
| 2018Q2 | 7.5% | 11.2% |
| 2018Q3 | 7.3% | 11.3% |
Note: Manufacturing exports are proxied by goods exports, excluding agricultural products. Manufacturing imports are proxied by goods imports, excluding petroleum products.
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) import and export data (BEA 2019a, 2019b) and National Income and Product Accounts data (BEA 2018)
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