Table 1
Economic benefits from investment in high-quality pre-kindergarten for three- to four-year-olds
| Program | Number of years before program annual benefits exceed annual costs | Government budget benefits in 2050 (billions of 2006 dollars) | Increased compensation in 2050 (billions of 2006 dollars) | Savings to individuals from reduced crime and child abuse in 2050 (billions of 2006 dollars) | Total budget, compensation, and crime benefits in 2050 (billions of 2006 dollars) | Ratio of total annual benefits to program costs in 2050 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Targeted* | 6 | $83 | $156 | $77 | $315 | 12.1 |
| Universal | 9 | 191 | 432 | 156 | 779 | 8.2 |
* Targeted to lower-income families
Source: Reproduced from Lynch (2007, Table 1)
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