Figure F

Non-U.S. citizens are more likely to suffer minimum wage violations than U.S. citizens

Shares by citizenship status of workers experiencing minimum wage violations

U.S.-born citizen Naturalized U.S. citizen Not a U.S. citizen
Workers experiencing minimum wage violations 72.3% 9.7% 18.0%
Total minimum-wage-eligible workforce 78.8% 9.8% 11.4%
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Share of each citizenship status group experiencing minimum wage violations

Share of workforce demographic experiencing minimum wage violations
U.S.-born citizen 3.8%
Naturalized U.S. citizen 4.1%
Not a U.S. citizen 6.5%
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Source: EPI analysis of Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation Group data, 2013–2015

Sample includes workers age 16 to 85 in the ten most populous states: California, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas.

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