U.S. private-sector union membership rate, 1929–2019

Year Percent union members (1929-1972) Percent union members (1973-2019)
1929 12.4%
1930 13.3%
1931 14.0%
1932 15.2%
1933 15.5%
1934 16.3%
1935 14.2%
1936 15.0%
1937 19.5%
1938 21.9%
1939 22.8%
1940 24.3%
1941 25.9%
1942 28.1%
1943 30.8%
1944 32.4%
1945 33.9%
1946 34.1%
1947 34.9%
1948 34.7%
1949 34.9%
1950 34.6%
1951 34.7%
1952 35.2%
1953 35.7%
1954 35.6%
1955 35.1%
1956 34.7%
1957 34.7%
1958 33.9%
1959 32.3%
1960 31.9%
1961 31.9%
1962 31.6%
1963 31.2%
1964 31.0%
1965 30.8%
1966 30.3%
1967 30.5%
1968 29.9%
1969 29.0%
1970 29.1%
1971 28.2%
1972 27.3%
1973 24.5%
1974 23.6%
1975 21.7%
1976 21.5%
1977 21.7%
1978 20.7%
1979 21.2%
1980 20.1%
1981 18.7%
1982 17.6%
1983 16.5%
1984 15.3%
1985 14.3%
1986 13.8%
1987 13.2%
1988 12.7%
1989 12.3%
1990 11.9%
1991 11.7%
1992 11.4%
1993 11.1%
1994 10.8%
1995 10.3%
1996 10.0%
1997 9.7%
1998 9.5%
1999 9.4%
2000 9.0%
2001 9.0%
2002 8.6%
2003 8.2%
2004 7.9%
2005 7.8%
2006 7.4%
2007 7.5%
2008 7.6%
2009 7.2%
2010 6.9%
2011 6.9%
2012 6.6%
2013 6.7%
2014 6.6%
2015 6.7%
2016 6.4%
2017 6.5%
2018 6.4%
2019 6.2%

Notes: There is no definitive, fully time-consistent series on union membership as a share of employment. Figures for 1929–1972 were compiled by Troy and Sheflin (1985, Appendix A) from union financial reports; those for 1973 forward are compiled from Current Population Survey (CPS) household data (Hirsch and Macpherson, 2003, updated at http://www. unionstats.com). 1973–76 CPS figures adjusted to account for association members, who are included both in the Troy-Sheflin series and in the CPS beginning in 1977. 1973 CPS figure adjusted so that 73/77 CPS ratio equals 73/77 ratio in Troy and Sheflin.

Source: Hirsch 2008.

View the underlying data on epi.org.