Economic Indicators Jobs and unemployment
Every month, the Bureau of Labor Statistics releases a report on the employment situation for the previous month. Their release includes data on job growth, unemployment, and wage growth, which gives us a snapshot of the health of the economy and whether it’s working for ordinary Americans.
Key numbers • May
3.6%
National unemployment rate
390,000
Net jobs in May
80.0%
Share of prime working-age population with a job
822,000
Number of jobs lost since February 2020
Job and wage growth moderate in MayThe labor market is not overheating
Next update: July 8, 2022
Today’s jobs report shows a continuing healthy recovery from the pandemic recession as payroll employment increased by 390,000 jobs in May as wage growth moderates. The unemployment rate held steady while the participation rate and employment-to-population ratio ticked up.
Below, EPI senior economist Elise Gould offers her initial insights on the jobs report for May, and the accompanying charts provide additional context on jobs and unemployment numbers. Read her full Twitter thread here, and see the EPI blog post here.
Establishment survey
- In May, there were employment gains in leisure and hospitality, professional and business services, and education and health services while there were notable losses in retail trade.
- Jobs gains continue to chip away at employment shortfalls with total nonfarm employment now within 0.5% of pre-pandemic levels. Leisure and hospitality jobs continue to face the largest deficit with 1.3 million jobs short of February 2020 levels.
- The labor market bounce back remains very strong, strikingly stronger—four years faster—than the prolonged recovery from the Great Recession. Private-sector employment is now within 0.2% of pre-pandemic levels.
- The labor market is down just 822,000 jobs since February 2020. Taking into account population growth, the labor market is facing a 3.2 million job shortfall. Given recent job growth, the labor market is on track to return to pre-pandemic labor market conditions within the year.
- Public-sector employment in this recovery is concerning. After falling much further, private-sector employment is now 0.2% from pre-pandemic levels while public-sector state and local employment is still 3.2% below February 2020 levels and has seen little improvement in months.
- No matter how you look at it, nominal wage growth is moderating this year (and decidedly not accelerating). Year-over-year wage growth ticked down from 5.5% in April to 5.2% in May as more recent trends show even slower growth.
Household survey
- Turning to the household survey, the unemployment rate held steady in May as participation ticked up. The prime-age employment-to-population ratio continues to improve, now within 0.5 percentage points of its pre-pandemic level.
- Women experienced notable gains in labor force participation, rising 0.3 percentage points in May, while men’s participation rate held steady. The prime-age employment-to-population ratio for women also saw improvement, and is now just 0.5 percentage points below pre-pandemic levels.
- Today’s report shows Black and Hispanic unemployment rates both ticked up in May to 6.2% and 4.3%, respectively. AAPI unemployment ticked down to 2.4% as white unemployment held steady at 3.2%. White unemployment remains far below Black unemployment ever. (Volatile series noted).
- An underappreciated measure to watch is labor force flows. The share of newly employed workers who were out of the labor force the prior month is near historic highs. Workers are coming back to the labor force; many jump right into jobs.
Charting jobs and unemployment
Current Employment Statistics Charts
The Current Employment Statistics (CES) program, also known as the establishment survey, is a monthly survey administered by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) which provides estimates of employment, hours, and earnings based on payroll records of approximately 131,000 businesses and government agencies.
Jobs day
Monthly change in payroll employment, January 2020–May 2022
| Date | Change in Employment |
|---|---|
| Jan-2020 | 339 |
| Feb-2020 | 376 |
| Mar-2020 | -1498 |
| Apr-2020 | -20493 |
| May-2020 | 2642 |
| Jun-2020 | 4505 |
| Jul-2020 | 1388 |
| Aug-2020 | 1665 |
| Sep-2020 | 919 |
| Oct-2020 | 647 |
| Nov-2020 | 333 |
| Dec-2020 | -115 |
| Jan-2021 | 520 |
| Feb-2021 | 710 |
| Mar-2021 | 704 |
| Apr-2021 | 263 |
| May-2021 | 447 |
| Jun-2021 | 557 |
| Jul-2021 | 689 |
| Aug-2021 | 517 |
| Sep-2021 | 424 |
| Oct-2021 | 677 |
| Nov-2021 | 647 |
| Dec-2021 | 588 |
| Jan-2022 | 504 |
| Feb-2022 | 714 |
| Mar-2022 | 398 |
| Apr-2022 | 436 |
| May-2022 | 390 |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Employment Statistics public data series.
Jobs day
Measuring the job shortfall since February 2020: Actual and counterfactual employment, January 2019–May 2022
| Actual nonfarm payroll employment | Employment if it had continued growing at the pre-recession level | Employment if it had grown with population growth since February 2020 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sep-2019 | 151.2 | ||
| Oct-2019 | 151.3 | ||
| Nov-2019 | 151.6 | ||
| Dec-2019 | 151.8 | ||
| Jan-2020 | 152.1 | ||
| Feb-2020 | 152.5 | 152.5 | 152.5 |
| Mar-2020 | 151.0 | 152.7 | 152.6 |
| Apr-2020 | 130.5 | 152.9 | 152.6 |
| May-2020 | 133.2 | 153.1 | 152.7 |
| Jun-2020 | 137.7 | 153.3 | 152.8 |
| Jul-2020 | 139.0 | 153.5 | 152.8 |
| Aug-2020 | 140.7 | 153.7 | 152.9 |
| Sep-2020 | 141.6 | 153.9 | 153.0 |
| Oct-2020 | 142.3 | 154.1 | 153.1 |
| Nov-2020 | 142.6 | 154.3 | 153.2 |
| Dec-2020 | 142.5 | 154.5 | 153.3 |
| Jan-2021 | 143.0 | 154.7 | 153.4 |
| Feb-2021 | 143.7 | 154.9 | 153.6 |
| Mar-2021 | 144.4 | 155.1 | 153.6 |
| Apr-2021 | 144.7 | 155.3 | 153.5 |
| May-2021 | 145.1 | 155.5 | 153.5 |
| Jun-2021 | 145.7 | 155.7 | 153.6 |
| Jul-2021 | 146.4 | 155.9 | 153.7 |
| Aug-2021 | 146.9 | 156.1 | 154.1 |
| Sep-2021 | 147.3 | 156.3 | 154.2 |
| Oct-2021 | 148.0 | 156.5 | 154.3 |
| Nov-2021 | 148.7 | 156.7 | 154.4 |
| Dec-2021 | 149.2 | 156.9 | 154.4 |
| Jan-2022 | 149.7 | 157.1 | 154.5 |
| Feb-2022 | 150.5 | 157.3 | 154.6 |
| Mar-2022 | 150.9 | 157.5 | 154.7 |
| Apr-2022 | 151.3 | 157.7 | 154.8 |
| May-2022 | 151.7 | 157.9 | 154.9 |
Notes: Payroll employment growth averaged 202,000 in the 12 months leading up to the pandemic recession. Population-adjusted employment growth applies population growth in the latest month since February 2020 to payroll employment and interpolates in the intervening years.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Population Survey public data series.
Figure
Federal fiscal relief at the scale of the problem led to a faster recovery from the pandemic recession: Private-sector employment change since business cycle peak, December 2007 and February 2020
| Months since peak | 2007 | 2020 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 100.00 | 100 |
| 2 | 99.999 | 98.89 |
| 3 | 99.91 | 83.79 |
| 4 | 99.84 | 86.20 |
| 5 | 99.63 | 89.68 |
| 6 | 99.45 | 90.67 |
| 7 | 99.27 | 91.61 |
| 8 | 99.06 | 92.35 |
| 9 | 98.82 | 92.97 |
| 10 | 98.45 | 93.28 |
| 11 | 98.02 | 93.20 |
| 12 | 97.39 | 93.52 |
| 13 | 96.78 | 94.06 |
| 14 | 96.09 | 94.56 |
| 15 | 95.45 | 94.72 |
| 16 | 94.77 | 95.02 |
| 17 | 94.07 | 95.41 |
| 18 | 93.83 | 95.90 |
| 19 | 93.46 | 96.28 |
| 20 | 93.22 | 96.60 |
| 21 | 93.05 | 97.13 |
| 22 | 92.91 | 97.62 |
| 23 | 92.68 | 98.05 |
| 24 | 92.68 | 98.43 |
| 25 | 92.49 | 98.97 |
| 26 | 92.49 | 99.27 |
| 27 | 92.42 | 99.58 |
| 28 | 92.54 | 99.84 |
| 29 | 92.69 | |
| 30 | 92.79 | |
| 31 | 92.89 | |
| 32 | 92.97 | |
| 33 | 93.09 | |
| 34 | 93.19 | |
| 35 | 93.37 | |
| 36 | 93.49 | |
| 37 | 93.57 | |
| 38 | 93.59 | |
| 39 | 93.81 | |
| 40 | 94.04 | |
| 41 | 94.31 | |
| 42 | 94.45 | |
| 43 | 94.62 | |
| 44 | 94.77 | |
| 45 | 94.91 | |
| 46 | 95.14 | |
| 47 | 95.30 | |
| 48 | 95.44 | |
| 49 | 95.63 | |
| 50 | 95.94 | |
| 51 | 96.16 | |
| 52 | 96.37 | |
| 53 | 96.45 | |
| 54 | 96.56 | |
| 55 | 96.60 | |
| 56 | 96.75 | |
| 57 | 96.90 | |
| 58 | 97.05 | |
| 59 | 97.21 | |
| 60 | 97.36 | |
| 61 | 97.56 | |
| 62 | 97.74 | |
| 63 | 97.97 | |
| 64 | 98.10 | |
| 65 | 98.26 | |
| 66 | 98.46 | |
| 67 | 98.64 | |
| 68 | 98.75 | |
| 69 | 98.95 | |
| 70 | 99.11 | |
| 71 | 99.31 | |
| 72 | 99.52 | |
| 73 | 99.60 | |
| 74 | 99.76 | |
| 75 | 99.89 | |
| 76 | 100.10 |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Employment Statistics public data series.
Figure
Percent change in payrolls since February 2020, for all private and state and local government employment
| date | Total private-sector employment | State and local government employment |
|---|---|---|
| Feb-2020 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Mar-2020 | -1.11% | -0.35% |
| Apr-2020 | -16.21% | -4.94% |
| May-2020 | -13.80% | -7.36% |
| Jun-2020 | -10.32% | -7.41% |
| Jul-2020 | -9.33% | -7.06% |
| Aug-2020 | -8.39% | -6.05% |
| Sep-2020 | -7.65% | -6.08% |
| Oct-2020 | -7.03% | -6.14% |
| Nov-2020 | -6.72% | -6.06% |
| Dec-2020 | -6.80% | -6.09% |
| Jan-2021 | -6.48% | -5.57% |
| Feb-2021 | -5.94% | -5.50% |
| Mar-2021 | -5.44% | -5.23% |
| Apr-2021 | -5.28% | -5.01% |
| May-2021 | -4.98% | -4.65% |
| Jun-2021 | -4.59% | -4.39% |
| Jul-2021 | -4.10% | -4.14% |
| Aug-2021 | -3.72% | -4.04% |
| Sep-2021 | -3.40% | -3.96% |
| Oct-2021 | -2.87% | -4.02% |
| Nov-2021 | -2.38% | -3.94% |
| Dec-2021 | -1.95% | -3.76% |
| Jan-2022 | -1.57% | -3.72% |
| Feb-2022 | -1.03% | -3.66% |
| Mar-2022 | -0.73% | -3.59% |
| Apr-2022 | -0.42% | -3.43% |
| May-2022 | -0.16% | -3.17% |
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics' (BLS) Current Employment Statistics, Establishment Survey (CES) public data series.
Figure
Employment change by industry (thousands) between April and May 2022
| Industry | Employment change, one month |
|---|---|
| Leisure and hospitality | 84 |
| Professional and business services | 75 |
| Education and health services | 74 |
| Government | 57 |
| Transportation and warehousing | 47 |
| Construction | 36 |
| Manufacturing | 18 |
| Other services | 16 |
| Information | 16 |
| Wholesale trade | 14 |
| Financial activities | 8 |
| Mining and logging | 5 |
| Utilities | 1 |
| Retail services | -61 |
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics' (BLS) Current Employment Statistics, Establishment Survey (CES) public data series.
Figure
Employment change by industry since February 2020: All employees (thousands), seasonally adjusted, May 2022
| Industry | Employment change since February 2020 |
|---|---|
| Leisure and hospitality | -1,345 |
| Government | -615 |
| Education and health services | -340 |
| Other services | -259 |
| Mining and logging | -68 |
| Wholesale trade | -41 |
| Manufacturing | -17 |
| Utilities | -8 |
| Construction | 40 |
| Information | 64 |
| Financial activities | 78 |
| Retail services | 159 |
| Transportation and warehousing | 709 |
| Professional and business services | 821 |
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics' (BLS) Current Employment Statistics, Establishment Survey (CES) public data series.
Nominal Wage Tracker
Nominal wage growth has been far below target in the recovery: Year-over-year change in private-sector nominal average hourly earnings, 2007–2022
| Date | All nonfarm employees | Production/nonsupervisory workers |
|---|---|---|
| Mar-2007 | 3.39% | 4.11% |
| Apr-2007 | 3.13% | 3.85% |
| May-2007 | 3.53% | 4.08% |
| Jun-2007 | 3.61% | 4.19% |
| Jul-2007 | 3.20% | 4.11% |
| Aug-2007 | 3.35% | 4.04% |
| Sep-2007 | 3.09% | 4.09% |
| Oct-2007 | 3.03% | 3.84% |
| Nov-2007 | 3.13% | 3.89% |
| Dec-2007 | 2.97% | 3.81% |
| Jan-2008 | 2.86% | 3.74% |
| Feb-2008 | 2.80% | 3.79% |
| Mar-2008 | 3.09% | 3.83% |
| Apr-2008 | 2.84% | 3.76% |
| May-2008 | 3.02% | 3.75% |
| Jun-2008 | 2.72% | 3.50% |
| Jul-2008 | 3.05% | 3.67% |
| Aug-2008 | 3.33% | 3.89% |
| Sep-2008 | 3.23% | 3.64% |
| Oct-2008 | 3.32% | 3.81% |
| Nov-2008 | 3.60% | 3.86% |
| Dec-2008 | 3.59% | 3.90% |
| Jan-2009 | 3.68% | 3.78% |
| Feb-2009 | 3.43% | 3.60% |
| Mar-2009 | 3.28% | 3.47% |
| Apr-2009 | 3.32% | 3.35% |
| May-2009 | 2.93% | 3.06% |
| Jun-2009 | 2.83% | 2.94% |
| Jul-2009 | 2.73% | 2.71% |
| Aug-2009 | 2.44% | 2.70% |
| Sep-2009 | 2.49% | 2.75% |
| Oct-2009 | 2.48% | 2.68% |
| Nov-2009 | 2.19% | 2.68% |
| Dec-2009 | 1.91% | 2.45% |
| Jan-2010 | 2.00% | 2.61% |
| Feb-2010 | 2.09% | 2.55% |
| Mar-2010 | 1.77% | 2.22% |
| Apr-2010 | 1.81% | 2.38% |
| May-2010 | 1.95% | 2.59% |
| Jun-2010 | 1.81% | 2.48% |
| Jul-2010 | 1.85% | 2.42% |
| Aug-2010 | 1.75% | 2.36% |
| Sep-2010 | 1.84% | 2.19% |
| Oct-2010 | 1.97% | 2.45% |
| Nov-2010 | 1.65% | 2.18% |
| Dec-2010 | 1.79% | 2.07% |
| Jan-2011 | 1.96% | 2.33% |
| Feb-2011 | 1.87% | 2.12% |
| Mar-2011 | 1.87% | 2.12% |
| Apr-2011 | 1.91% | 2.11% |
| May-2011 | 2.04% | 2.10% |
| Jun-2011 | 2.13% | 2.05% |
| Jul-2011 | 2.26% | 2.26% |
| Aug-2011 | 1.99% | 1.88% |
| Sep-2011 | 1.94% | 1.94% |
| Oct-2011 | 2.02% | 1.88% |
| Nov-2011 | 2.02% | 1.82% |
| Dec-2011 | 1.98% | 1.77% |
| Jan-2012 | 1.71% | 1.40% |
| Feb-2012 | 1.75% | 1.45% |
| Mar-2012 | 2.14% | 1.71% |
| Apr-2012 | 2.05% | 1.65% |
| May-2012 | 1.74% | 1.39% |
| Jun-2012 | 1.96% | 1.60% |
| Jul-2012 | 1.77% | 1.39% |
| Aug-2012 | 1.82% | 1.39% |
| Sep-2012 | 1.99% | 1.54% |
| Oct-2012 | 1.55% | 1.18% |
| Nov-2012 | 1.90% | 1.43% |
| Dec-2012 | 2.24% | 1.74% |
| Jan-2013 | 2.24% | 1.79% |
| Feb-2013 | 2.15% | 2.04% |
| Mar-2013 | 1.93% | 1.88% |
| Apr-2013 | 2.05% | 1.83% |
| May-2013 | 2.14% | 1.88% |
| Jun-2013 | 2.17% | 2.03% |
| Jul-2013 | 2.00% | 2.03% |
| Aug-2013 | 2.30% | 2.18% |
| Sep-2013 | 2.08% | 2.28% |
| Oct-2013 | 2.25% | 2.32% |
| Nov-2013 | 2.24% | 2.37% |
| Dec-2013 | 1.85% | 2.21% |
| Jan-2014 | 1.89% | 2.26% |
| Feb-2014 | 2.31% | 2.55% |
| Mar-2014 | 2.10% | 2.45% |
| Apr-2014 | 1.97% | 2.40% |
| May-2014 | 2.13% | 2.44% |
| Jun-2014 | 2.00% | 2.24% |
| Jul-2014 | 2.09% | 2.33% |
| Aug-2014 | 2.21% | 2.48% |
| Sep-2014 | 2.08% | 2.17% |
| Oct-2014 | 2.03% | 2.22% |
| Nov-2014 | 2.03% | 2.22% |
| Dec-2014 | 1.99% | 1.77% |
| Jan-2015 | 2.15% | 2.01% |
| Feb-2015 | 1.89% | 1.46% |
| Mar-2015 | 2.18% | 1.85% |
| Apr-2015 | 2.26% | 1.90% |
| May-2015 | 2.30% | 2.19% |
| Jun-2015 | 2.17% | 2.14% |
| Jul-2015 | 2.17% | 2.04% |
| Aug-2015 | 2.20% | 1.98% |
| Sep-2015 | 2.24% | 2.13% |
| Oct-2015 | 2.52% | 2.37% |
| Nov-2015 | 2.39% | 2.12% |
| Dec-2015 | 2.52% | 2.61% |
| Jan-2016 | 2.55% | 2.45% |
| Feb-2016 | 2.46% | 2.60% |
| Mar-2016 | 2.46% | 2.49% |
| Apr-2016 | 2.57% | 2.63% |
| May-2016 | 2.44% | 2.29% |
| Jun-2016 | 2.60% | 2.48% |
| Jul-2016 | 2.72% | 2.62% |
| Aug-2016 | 2.47% | 2.47% |
| Sep-2016 | 2.63% | 2.51% |
| Oct-2016 | 2.70% | 2.45% |
| Nov-2016 | 2.65% | 2.45% |
| Dec-2016 | 2.65% | 2.50% |
| Jan-2017 | 2.64% | 2.35% |
| Feb-2017 | 2.72% | 2.48% |
| Mar-2017 | 2.59% | 2.24% |
| Apr-2017 | 2.51% | 2.19% |
| May-2017 | 2.50% | 2.28% |
| Jun-2017 | 2.46% | 2.28% |
| Jul-2017 | 2.57% | 2.27% |
| Aug-2017 | 2.53% | 2.31% |
| Sep-2017 | 2.79% | 2.50% |
| Oct-2017 | 2.36% | 2.12% |
| Nov-2017 | 2.43% | 2.35% |
| Dec-2017 | 2.74% | 2.43% |
| Jan-2018 | 2.69% | 2.66% |
| Feb-2018 | 2.57% | 2.51% |
| Mar-2018 | 2.83% | 2.83% |
| Apr-2018 | 2.75% | 2.74% |
| May-2018 | 2.90% | 2.87% |
| Jun-2018 | 2.93% | 2.91% |
| Jul-2018 | 2.85% | 2.85% |
| Aug-2018 | 3.19% | 3.08% |
| Sep-2018 | 3.10% | 3.02% |
| Oct-2018 | 3.28% | 3.29% |
| Nov-2018 | 3.35% | 3.42% |
| Dec-2018 | 3.41% | 3.59% |
| Jan-2019 | 3.25% | 3.35% |
| Feb-2019 | 3.55% | 3.57% |
| Mar-2019 | 3.54% | 3.60% |
| Apr-2019 | 3.31% | 3.51% |
| May-2019 | 3.26% | 3.54% |
| Jun-2019 | 3.37% | 3.53% |
| Jul-2019 | 3.43% | 3.70% |
| Aug-2019 | 3.38% | 3.69% |
| Sep-2019 | 3.08% | 3.63% |
| Oct-2019 | 3.18% | 3.71% |
| Nov-2019 | 3.35% | 3.57% |
| Dec-2019 | 2.94% | 3.20% |
| Jan-2020 | 3.01% | 3.33% |
| Feb-2020 | 3.10% | 3.49% |
| Mar-2020 | 3.56% | 3.78% |
| Apr-2020 | 8.03% | 7.72% |
| May-2020 | 6.68% | 6.80% |
| Jun-2020 | 5.08% | 5.67% |
| Jul-2020 | 4.92% | 4.93% |
| Aug-2020 | 4.80% | 5.04% |
| Sep-2020 | 4.83% | 4.73% |
| Oct-2020 | 4.61% | 4.59% |
| Nov-2020 | 4.59% | 4.66% |
| Dec-2020 | 5.46% | 5.62% |
| Jan-2021 | 5.28% | 5.31% |
| Feb-2021 | 5.18% | 5.12% |
| Mar-2021 | 4.41% | 4.80% |
| Apr-2021 | 0.63% | 1.47% |
| May-2021 | 2.19% | 2.76% |
| Jun-2021 | 3.95% | 4.11% |
| Jul-2021 | 4.28% | 5.10% |
| Aug-2021 | 4.34% | 5.20% |
| Sep-2021 | 4.78% | 5.89% |
| Oct-2021 | 5.35% | 6.36% |
| Nov-2021 | 5.33% | 6.54% |
| Dec-2021 | 4.88% | 6.20% |
| Jan-2022 | 5.45% | 6.71% |
| Feb-2022 | 5.19% | 6.69% |
| Mar-2022 | 5.62% | 6.75% |
| Apr-2022 | 5.46% | 6.63% |
| May-2022 | 5.24% | 6.47% |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Employment Statistics public data series.
Jobs day
Nominal wage growth in average hourly earnings for all workers in three measures, year-over-year, annualized quarterly, and annualized monthly changes
| Year-over-year change | Annualized quarterly change | Annualized monthly change | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan-2019 | 3.3% | 3.5% | 1.8% |
| Feb-2019 | 3.6% | 3.8% | 4.4% |
| Mar-2019 | 3.5% | 3.7% | 4.4% |
| Apr-2019 | 3.3% | 3.4% | -0.9% |
| May-2019 | 3.3% | 2.8% | 3.1% |
| Jun-2019 | 3.4% | 2.3% | 3.9% |
| Jul-2019 | 3.4% | 2.6% | 3.9% |
| Aug-2019 | 3.4% | 3.3% | 4.4% |
| Sep-2019 | 3.1% | 3.6% | 0.9% |
| Oct-2019 | 3.2% | 3.3% | 3.5% |
| Nov-2019 | 3.4% | 3.0% | 5.2% |
| Dec-2019 | 2.9% | 3.1% | 0.8% |
| Jan-2020 | 3.0% | 3.1% | 2.6% |
| Feb-2020 | 3.1% | 3.0% | 5.6% |
| Mar-2020 | 3.6% | 4.0% | 10.1% |
| Apr-2020 | 8.0% | 10.8% | 64.5% |
| May-2020 | 6.7% | 15.6% | -11.4% |
| Jun-2020 | 5.1% | 16.3% | -13.3% |
| Jul-2020 | 4.9% | 5.2% | 2.1% |
| Aug-2020 | 4.8% | -1.2% | 2.9% |
| Sep-2020 | 4.8% | -3.0% | 1.2% |
| Oct-2020 | 4.6% | 0.2% | 0.8% |
| Nov-2020 | 4.6% | 2.0% | 5.0% |
| Dec-2020 | 5.5% | 3.2% | 11.5% |
| Jan-2021 | 5.3% | 4.5% | 0.4% |
| Feb-2021 | 5.2% | 5.5% | 4.5% |
| Mar-2021 | 4.4% | 4.2% | 0.8% |
| Apr-2021 | 0.6% | 3.6% | 5.7% |
| May-2021 | 2.2% | 3.3% | 6.5% |
| Jun-2021 | 4.0% | 4.7% | 6.5% |
| Jul-2021 | 4.3% | 5.7% | 6.1% |
| Aug-2021 | 4.3% | 6.0% | 3.6% |
| Sep-2021 | 4.8% | 5.7% | 6.4% |
| Oct-2021 | 5.4% | 5.5% | 7.6% |
| Nov-2021 | 5.3% | 5.8% | 4.7% |
| Dec-2021 | 4.9% | 6.1% | 5.9% |
| Jan-2022 | 5.4% | 6.1% | 7.1% |
| Feb-2022 | 5.2% | 5.6% | 1.5% |
| Mar-2022 | 5.6% | 5.2% | 5.8% |
| Apr-2022 | 5.5% | 4.4% | 3.8% |
| May-2022 | 5.2% | 4.3% | 3.8% |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Employment Statistics public data series
Current Population Survey Charts
The Current Population Survey (CPS), also known as the household survey, is sponsored jointly by the Census Bureau and the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Each month, it provides data on the labor force, employment, unemployment, persons not in the labor force, hours of work, earnings, and other demographic and labor force characteristics.
Jobs Day
Employment-to-population ratio of workers ages 25–54, 1989–2022
| Date | Employment to population ratio |
|---|---|
| Jan-1989 | 80.0% |
| Feb-1989 | 79.9% |
| Mar-1989 | 79.9% |
| Apr-1989 | 79.8% |
| May-1989 | 79.8% |
| Jun-1989 | 79.8% |
| Jul-1989 | 79.8% |
| Aug-1989 | 79.9% |
| Sep-1989 | 80.0% |
| Oct-1989 | 79.9% |
| Nov-1989 | 80.2% |
| Dec-1989 | 80.1% |
| Jan-1990 | 80.2% |
| Feb-1990 | 80.2% |
| Mar-1990 | 80.1% |
| Apr-1990 | 79.9% |
| May-1990 | 79.9% |
| Jun-1990 | 79.8% |
| Jul-1990 | 79.6% |
| Aug-1990 | 79.5% |
| Sep-1990 | 79.4% |
| Oct-1990 | 79.4% |
| Nov-1990 | 79.2% |
| Dec-1990 | 79.0% |
| Jan-1991 | 78.9% |
| Feb-1991 | 78.9% |
| Mar-1991 | 78.7% |
| Apr-1991 | 79.0% |
| May-1991 | 78.6% |
| Jun-1991 | 78.7% |
| Jul-1991 | 78.6% |
| Aug-1991 | 78.5% |
| Sep-1991 | 78.6% |
| Oct-1991 | 78.5% |
| Nov-1991 | 78.4% |
| Dec-1991 | 78.3% |
| Jan-1992 | 78.4% |
| Feb-1992 | 78.2% |
| Mar-1992 | 78.2% |
| Apr-1992 | 78.4% |
| May-1992 | 78.4% |
| Jun-1992 | 78.5% |
| Jul-1992 | 78.4% |
| Aug-1992 | 78.4% |
| Sep-1992 | 78.3% |
| Oct-1992 | 78.2% |
| Nov-1992 | 78.2% |
| Dec-1992 | 78.2% |
| Jan-1993 | 78.2% |
| Feb-1993 | 78.1% |
| Mar-1993 | 78.2% |
| Apr-1993 | 78.2% |
| May-1993 | 78.5% |
| Jun-1993 | 78.6% |
| Jul-1993 | 78.6% |
| Aug-1993 | 78.8% |
| Sep-1993 | 78.6% |
| Oct-1993 | 78.7% |
| Nov-1993 | 79.0% |
| Dec-1993 | 79.0% |
| Jan-1994 | 78.9% |
| Feb-1994 | 78.9% |
| Mar-1994 | 78.9% |
| Apr-1994 | 79.0% |
| May-1994 | 79.2% |
| Jun-1994 | 78.8% |
| Jul-1994 | 79.1% |
| Aug-1994 | 79.2% |
| Sep-1994 | 79.6% |
| Oct-1994 | 79.6% |
| Nov-1994 | 79.8% |
| Dec-1994 | 79.8% |
| Jan-1995 | 79.7% |
| Feb-1995 | 80.0% |
| Mar-1995 | 79.9% |
| Apr-1995 | 79.8% |
| May-1995 | 79.7% |
| Jun-1995 | 79.5% |
| Jul-1995 | 79.7% |
| Aug-1995 | 79.6% |
| Sep-1995 | 79.8% |
| Oct-1995 | 79.8% |
| Nov-1995 | 79.7% |
| Dec-1995 | 79.7% |
| Jan-1996 | 79.8% |
| Feb-1996 | 79.9% |
| Mar-1996 | 79.9% |
| Apr-1996 | 79.9% |
| May-1996 | 80.0% |
| Jun-1996 | 80.1% |
| Jul-1996 | 80.4% |
| Aug-1996 | 80.5% |
| Sep-1996 | 80.4% |
| Oct-1996 | 80.6% |
| Nov-1996 | 80.5% |
| Dec-1996 | 80.5% |
| Jan-1997 | 80.5% |
| Feb-1997 | 80.4% |
| Mar-1997 | 80.6% |
| Apr-1997 | 80.7% |
| May-1997 | 80.6% |
| Jun-1997 | 80.9% |
| Jul-1997 | 81.1% |
| Aug-1997 | 81.3% |
| Sep-1997 | 81.1% |
| Oct-1997 | 81.1% |
| Nov-1997 | 81.0% |
| Dec-1997 | 81.0% |
| Jan-1998 | 81.0% |
| Feb-1998 | 81.0% |
| Mar-1998 | 81.0% |
| Apr-1998 | 81.1% |
| May-1998 | 81.0% |
| Jun-1998 | 81.0% |
| Jul-1998 | 81.1% |
| Aug-1998 | 81.2% |
| Sep-1998 | 81.3% |
| Oct-1998 | 81.1% |
| Nov-1998 | 81.2% |
| Dec-1998 | 81.3% |
| Jan-1999 | 81.8% |
| Feb-1999 | 81.5% |
| Mar-1999 | 81.3% |
| Apr-1999 | 81.3% |
| May-1999 | 81.4% |
| Jun-1999 | 81.4% |
| Jul-1999 | 81.2% |
| Aug-1999 | 81.3% |
| Sep-1999 | 81.3% |
| Oct-1999 | 81.5% |
| Nov-1999 | 81.6% |
| Dec-1999 | 81.5% |
| Jan-2000 | 81.8% |
| Feb-2000 | 81.8% |
| Mar-2000 | 81.7% |
| Apr-2000 | 81.9% |
| May-2000 | 81.5% |
| Jun-2000 | 81.5% |
| Jul-2000 | 81.3% |
| Aug-2000 | 81.1% |
| Sep-2000 | 81.1% |
| Oct-2000 | 81.1% |
| Nov-2000 | 81.3% |
| Dec-2000 | 81.4% |
| Jan-2001 | 81.4% |
| Feb-2001 | 81.3% |
| Mar-2001 | 81.3% |
| Apr-2001 | 80.9% |
| May-2001 | 80.8% |
| Jun-2001 | 80.6% |
| Jul-2001 | 80.5% |
| Aug-2001 | 80.2% |
| Sep-2001 | 80.2% |
| Oct-2001 | 79.9% |
| Nov-2001 | 79.7% |
| Dec-2001 | 79.8% |
| Jan-2002 | 79.6% |
| Feb-2002 | 79.8% |
| Mar-2002 | 79.6% |
| Apr-2002 | 79.5% |
| May-2002 | 79.4% |
| Jun-2002 | 79.2% |
| Jul-2002 | 79.1% |
| Aug-2002 | 79.3% |
| Sep-2002 | 79.4% |
| Oct-2002 | 79.2% |
| Nov-2002 | 78.8% |
| Dec-2002 | 79.0% |
| Jan-2003 | 78.9% |
| Feb-2003 | 78.9% |
| Mar-2003 | 79.0% |
| Apr-2003 | 79.1% |
| May-2003 | 78.9% |
| Jun-2003 | 78.9% |
| Jul-2003 | 78.8% |
| Aug-2003 | 78.7% |
| Sep-2003 | 78.6% |
| Oct-2003 | 78.6% |
| Nov-2003 | 78.7% |
| Dec-2003 | 78.8% |
| Jan-2004 | 78.9% |
| Feb-2004 | 78.8% |
| Mar-2004 | 78.7% |
| Apr-2004 | 78.9% |
| May-2004 | 79.0% |
| Jun-2004 | 79.1% |
| Jul-2004 | 79.2% |
| Aug-2004 | 79.0% |
| Sep-2004 | 79.0% |
| Oct-2004 | 79.0% |
| Nov-2004 | 79.1% |
| Dec-2004 | 78.9% |
| Jan-2005 | 79.2% |
| Feb-2005 | 79.2% |
| Mar-2005 | 79.2% |
| Apr-2005 | 79.4% |
| May-2005 | 79.5% |
| Jun-2005 | 79.2% |
| Jul-2005 | 79.4% |
| Aug-2005 | 79.6% |
| Sep-2005 | 79.4% |
| Oct-2005 | 79.3% |
| Nov-2005 | 79.2% |
| Dec-2005 | 79.3% |
| Jan-2006 | 79.6% |
| Feb-2006 | 79.7% |
| Mar-2006 | 79.8% |
| Apr-2006 | 79.6% |
| May-2006 | 79.7% |
| Jun-2006 | 79.8% |
| Jul-2006 | 79.8% |
| Aug-2006 | 79.8% |
| Sep-2006 | 79.9% |
| Oct-2006 | 80.1% |
| Nov-2006 | 80.0% |
| Dec-2006 | 80.1% |
| Jan-2007 | 80.3% |
| Feb-2007 | 80.1% |
| Mar-2007 | 80.2% |
| Apr-2007 | 80.0% |
| May-2007 | 80.0% |
| Jun-2007 | 79.9% |
| Jul-2007 | 79.8% |
| Aug-2007 | 79.8% |
| Sep-2007 | 79.7% |
| Oct-2007 | 79.6% |
| Nov-2007 | 79.7% |
| Dec-2007 | 79.7% |
| Jan-2008 | 80.0% |
| Feb-2008 | 79.9% |
| Mar-2008 | 79.8% |
| Apr-2008 | 79.6% |
| May-2008 | 79.5% |
| Jun-2008 | 79.4% |
| Jul-2008 | 79.2% |
| Aug-2008 | 78.8% |
| Sep-2008 | 78.8% |
| Oct-2008 | 78.4% |
| Nov-2008 | 78.1% |
| Dec-2008 | 77.6% |
| Jan-2009 | 77.0% |
| Feb-2009 | 76.7% |
| Mar-2009 | 76.2% |
| Apr-2009 | 76.2% |
| May-2009 | 75.9% |
| Jun-2009 | 75.9% |
| Jul-2009 | 75.8% |
| Aug-2009 | 75.6% |
| Sep-2009 | 75.1% |
| Oct-2009 | 75.0% |
| Nov-2009 | 75.2% |
| Dec-2009 | 74.8% |
| Jan-2010 | 75.1% |
| Feb-2010 | 75.1% |
| Mar-2010 | 75.1% |
| Apr-2010 | 75.4% |
| May-2010 | 75.1% |
| Jun-2010 | 75.2% |
| Jul-2010 | 75.1% |
| Aug-2010 | 75.0% |
| Sep-2010 | 75.1% |
| Oct-2010 | 75.0% |
| Nov-2010 | 74.8% |
| Dec-2010 | 75.0% |
| Jan-2011 | 75.2% |
| Feb-2011 | 75.1% |
| Mar-2011 | 75.3% |
| Apr-2011 | 75.1% |
| May-2011 | 75.2% |
| Jun-2011 | 75.0% |
| Jul-2011 | 75.0% |
| Aug-2011 | 75.1% |
| Sep-2011 | 74.9% |
| Oct-2011 | 74.9% |
| Nov-2011 | 75.3% |
| Dec-2011 | 75.4% |
| Jan-2012 | 75.5% |
| Feb-2012 | 75.5% |
| Mar-2012 | 75.7% |
| Apr-2012 | 75.7% |
| May-2012 | 75.7% |
| Jun-2012 | 75.6% |
| Jul-2012 | 75.6% |
| Aug-2012 | 75.7% |
| Sep-2012 | 76.0% |
| Oct-2012 | 76.1% |
| Nov-2012 | 75.8% |
| Dec-2012 | 76.0% |
| Jan-2013 | 75.6% |
| Feb-2013 | 75.8% |
| Mar-2013 | 75.8% |
| Apr-2013 | 75.8% |
| May-2013 | 76.0% |
| Jun-2013 | 75.9% |
| Jul-2013 | 76.0% |
| Aug-2013 | 76.0% |
| Sep-2013 | 76.0% |
| Oct-2013 | 75.6% |
| Nov-2013 | 76.1% |
| Dec-2013 | 76.1% |
| Jan-2014 | 76.4% |
| Feb-2014 | 76.4% |
| Mar-2014 | 76.5% |
| Apr-2014 | 76.5% |
| May-2014 | 76.4% |
| Jun-2014 | 76.9% |
| Jul-2014 | 76.7% |
| Aug-2014 | 76.9% |
| Sep-2014 | 76.8% |
| Oct-2014 | 76.9% |
| Nov-2014 | 76.9% |
| Dec-2014 | 77.1% |
| Jan-2015 | 77.1% |
| Feb-2015 | 77.2% |
| Mar-2015 | 77.1% |
| Apr-2015 | 77.2% |
| May-2015 | 77.2% |
| Jun-2015 | 77.4% |
| Jul-2015 | 77.1% |
| Aug-2015 | 77.3% |
| Sep-2015 | 77.2% |
| Oct-2015 | 77.2% |
| Nov-2015 | 77.4% |
| Dec-2015 | 77.4% |
| Jan-2016 | 77.7% |
| Feb-2016 | 77.8% |
| Mar-2016 | 77.9% |
| Apr-2016 | 77.8% |
| May-2016 | 77.9% |
| Jun-2016 | 77.9% |
| Jul-2016 | 78.0% |
| Aug-2016 | 77.9% |
| Sep-2016 | 78.0% |
| Oct-2016 | 78.1% |
| Nov-2016 | 78.1% |
| Dec-2016 | 78.1% |
| Jan-2017 | 78.2% |
| Feb-2017 | 78.3% |
| Mar-2017 | 78.5% |
| Apr-2017 | 78.6% |
| May-2017 | 78.5% |
| Jun-2017 | 78.6% |
| Jul-2017 | 78.8% |
| Aug-2017 | 78.4% |
| Sep-2017 | 79.0% |
| Oct-2017 | 78.7% |
| Nov-2017 | 78.9% |
| Dec-2017 | 79.0% |
| Jan-2018 | 78.9% |
| Feb-2018 | 79.3% |
| Mar-2018 | 79.2% |
| Apr-2018 | 79.2% |
| May-2018 | 79.4% |
| Jun-2018 | 79.4% |
| Jul-2018 | 79.6% |
| Aug-2018 | 79.3% |
| Sep-2018 | 79.4% |
| Oct-2018 | 79.6% |
| Nov-2018 | 79.6% |
| Dec-2018 | 79.5% |
| Jan-2019 | 79.8% |
| Feb-2019 | 79.9% |
| Mar-2019 | 79.8% |
| Apr-2019 | 79.8% |
| May-2019 | 79.8% |
| Jun-2019 | 79.8% |
| Jul-2019 | 79.6% |
| Aug-2019 | 80.0% |
| Sep-2019 | 80.3% |
| Oct-2019 | 80.3% |
| Nov-2019 | 80.2% |
| Dec-2019 | 80.3% |
| Jan-2020 | 80.5% |
| Feb-2020 | 80.5% |
| Mar-2020 | 79.5% |
| Apr-2020 | 69.6% |
| May-2020 | 71.4% |
| Jun-2020 | 73.5% |
| Jul-2020 | 73.9% |
| Aug-2020 | 75.3% |
| Sep-2020 | 75.2% |
| Oct-2020 | 76.0% |
| Nov-2020 | 75.9% |
| Dec-2020 | 76.2% |
| Jan-2021 | 76.4% |
| Feb-2021 | 76.6% |
| Mar-2021 | 76.9% |
| Apr-2021 | 77.0% |
| May-2021 | 77.2% |
| Jun-2021 | 77.2% |
| Jul-2021 | 77.9% |
| Aug-2021 | 78.0% |
| Sep-2021 | 78.1% |
| Oct-2021 | 78.3% |
| Nov-2021 | 78.8% |
| Dec-2021 | 79.0% |
| Jan-2022 | 79.1% |
| Feb-2022 | 79.5% |
| Mar-2022 | 80.0% |
| Apr-2022 | 79.9% |
| May-2022 | 80.0% |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Current Population Survey public data.
Jobs Day
Unemployment rate of workers age 16 and older by race and ethnicity, January 2020–May 2022
| Date | White | Black | Hispanic | AAPI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan-2020 | 3.1% | 6.3% | 4.3% | 3% |
| Feb-2020 | 3% | 6% | 4.4% | 2.5% |
| Mar-2020 | 3.9% | 6.8% | 5.9% | 4.1% |
| Apr-2020 | 14.1% | 16.6% | 18.8% | 14.4% |
| May-2020 | 12.3% | 16.8% | 17.6% | 14.8% |
| Jun-2020 | 10.0% | 15.2% | 14.5% | 13.8% |
| Jul-2020 | 9.2% | 14.4% | 12.8% | 11.9% |
| Aug-2020 | 7.4% | 12.8% | 10.6% | 10.6% |
| Sep-2020 | 7.0% | 12.1% | 10.4% | 8.9% |
| Oct-2020 | 6.0% | 10.9% | 8.9% | 7.6% |
| Nov-2020 | 6.0% | 10.4% | 8.6% | 6.8% |
| Dec-2020 | 6.1% | 10.0% | 9.4% | 6.1% |
| Jan-2021 | 5.7% | 9.2% | 8.6% | 6.6% |
| Feb-2021 | 5.5% | 9.8% | 8.4% | 5.1% |
| Mar-2021 | 5.3% | 9.5% | 7.7% | 5.9% |
| Apr-2021 | 5.3% | 9.7% | 7.7% | 5.7% |
| May-2021 | 5.1% | 9.1% | 7.1% | 5.5% |
| Jun-2021 | 5.3% | 9.2% | 7.2% | 5.7% |
| Jul-2021 | 4.8% | 8.2% | 6.4% | 5.2% |
| Aug-2021 | 4.5% | 8.7% | 6.2% | 4.5% |
| Sep-2021 | 4.2% | 7.8% | 6.1% | 4.2% |
| Oct-2021 | 3.9% | 7.8% | 5.7% | 4.2% |
| Nov-2021 | 3.7% | 6.5% | 5.2% | 3.9% |
| Dec-2021 | 3.2% | 7.1% | 4.9% | 3.8% |
| Jan-2022 | 3.4% | 6.9% | 4.9% | 3.6% |
| Feb-2022 | 3.3% | 6.6% | 4.4% | 3.1% |
| Mar-2022 | 3.2% | 6.2% | 4.2% | 2.8% |
| Apr-2022 | 3.2% | 5.9% | 4.1% | 3.1% |
| May-2022 | 3.2% | 6.2% | 4.3% | 2.4% |
Note: AAPI refers to Asian American and Pacific Islander. Race/ethnicity categories are mutually exclusive (i.e., white non-Hispanic, Black non-Hispanic, AAPI non-Hispanic, and Hispanic any race).
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Population Survey, public data series.
A more comprehensive look at unemployment rates: Unemployment rates for select workers by race/ethnicity and gender, February 2020, April 2020, April 2022, and May 2022
| February 2020 | April 2020 | April 2022 | May 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White men | 2.8% | 12.3% | 3.1% | 3.1% |
| White women | 2.7% | 15.0% | 2.8% | 2.9% |
| Black men | 6.1% | 16.0% | 6.1% | 5.7% |
| Black women | 4.8% | 16.4% | 5.0% | 5.9% |
| Latinx men | 3.1% | 16.5% | 3.7% | 3.4% |
| Latinx women | 4.9% | 20.1% | 3.8% | 4.7% |
Notes: Data are for workers ages 20 and older. Racial and ethnic categories are not mutually exclusive; white and Black data do not exclude Latinx workers of each race. Unemployment levels are labeled for February, November, and the peak in between.
A more comprehensive look at employment: Employment-to-population ratios for select workers by race/ethnicity and gender, February 2020, April 2020, April 2022, and May 2022
| characteristic | February 2020 | April 2020 | April 2022 | May 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White men | 69.70% | 60.50% | 67.80% | 67.9% |
| White women | 56.60% | 47.10% | 55.40% | 55.5% |
| Black men | 63.80% | 53.20% | 64.70% | 65.0% |
| Black women | 60.80% | 49.60% | 58.60% | 59.0% |
| Latinx men | 78.40% | 64.30% | 76.80% | 77.4% |
| Latinx women | 59.10% | 45.20% | 56.80% | 56.8% |
Notes: Data are for workers ages 20 and older. Racial and ethnic categories are not mutually exclusive; white and Black data do not exclude Latinx workers of each race. Employment to population levels are labeled for February, April, and the trough in between.
Jobs Day
Share of newly employed workers who said that they were not actively searching for work in the previous month
| Date | Share of newly employed workers who said that they were not actively searching for work in the previous month |
|---|---|
| Apr-1990 | 61.9% |
| May-1990 | 62.6% |
| Jun-1990 | 62.0% |
| Jul-1990 | 62.0% |
| Aug-1990 | 61.6% |
| Sep-1990 | 62.3% |
| Oct-1990 | 61.0% |
| Nov-1990 | 61.2% |
| Dec-1990 | 60.4% |
| Jan-1991 | 59.9% |
| Feb-1991 | 59.0% |
| Mar-1991 | 58.5% |
| Apr-1991 | 57.7% |
| May-1991 | 57.6% |
| Jun-1991 | 57.2% |
| Jul-1991 | 58.0% |
| Aug-1991 | 57.8% |
| Sep-1991 | 57.7% |
| Oct-1991 | 57.3% |
| Nov-1991 | 56.9% |
| Dec-1991 | 57.0% |
| Jan-1992 | 56.8% |
| Feb-1992 | 57.1% |
| Mar-1992 | 57.1% |
| Apr-1992 | 57.2% |
| May-1992 | 57.3% |
| Jun-1992 | 56.6% |
| Jul-1992 | 56.4% |
| Aug-1992 | 56.1% |
| Sep-1992 | 55.9% |
| Oct-1992 | 55.7% |
| Nov-1992 | 55.8% |
| Dec-1992 | 56.1% |
| Jan-1993 | 56.6% |
| Feb-1993 | 57.7% |
| Mar-1993 | 58.3% |
| Apr-1993 | 58.4% |
| May-1993 | 58.2% |
| Jun-1993 | 58.1% |
| Jul-1993 | 57.5% |
| Aug-1993 | 57.5% |
| Sep-1993 | 58.0% |
| Oct-1993 | 58.9% |
| Nov-1993 | 58.5% |
| Dec-1993 | 58.3% |
| Jan-1994 | 58.8% |
| Feb-1994 | 59.2% |
| Mar-1994 | 59.1% |
| Apr-1994 | 58.7% |
| May-1994 | 58.3% |
| Jun-1994 | 58.5% |
| Jul-1994 | 58.6% |
| Aug-1994 | 59.0% |
| Sep-1994 | 59.1% |
| Oct-1994 | 59.8% |
| Nov-1994 | 60.1% |
| Dec-1994 | 60.3% |
| Jan-1995 | 60.4% |
| Feb-1995 | 59.5% |
| Mar-1995 | 59.7% |
| Apr-1995 | 59.7% |
| May-1995 | 59.2% |
| Jun-1995 | 59.5% |
| Jul-1995 | 59.5% |
| Aug-1995 | 60.0% |
| Sep-1995 | 60.2% |
| Oct-1995 | 59.9% |
| Nov-1995 | 60.6% |
| Dec-1995 | 59.9% |
| Jan-1996 | 59.8% |
| Feb-1996 | 60.3% |
| Mar-1996 | 60.7% |
| Apr-1996 | 61.0% |
| May-1996 | 60.7% |
| Jun-1996 | 60.8% |
| Jul-1996 | 61.5% |
| Aug-1996 | 60.8% |
| Sep-1996 | 60.9% |
| Oct-1996 | 60.2% |
| Nov-1996 | 60.6% |
| Dec-1996 | 59.6% |
| Jan-1997 | 59.1% |
| Feb-1997 | 58.9% |
| Mar-1997 | 60.3% |
| Apr-1997 | 61.4% |
| May-1997 | 61.8% |
| Jun-1997 | 61.1% |
| Jul-1997 | 60.4% |
| Aug-1997 | 61.3% |
| Sep-1997 | 61.9% |
| Oct-1997 | 62.5% |
| Nov-1997 | 62.7% |
| Dec-1997 | 62.8% |
| Jan-1998 | 63.3% |
| Feb-1998 | 62.7% |
| Mar-1998 | 62.9% |
| Apr-1998 | 62.4% |
| May-1998 | 63.5% |
| Jun-1998 | 63.2% |
| Jul-1998 | 64.2% |
| Aug-1998 | 64.0% |
| Sep-1998 | 65.2% |
| Oct-1998 | 65.1% |
| Nov-1998 | 65.1% |
| Dec-1998 | 64.9% |
| Jan-1999 | 65.6% |
| Feb-1999 | 65.5% |
| Mar-1999 | 64.2% |
| Apr-1999 | 65.3% |
| May-1999 | 66.1% |
| Jun-1999 | 67.4% |
| Jul-1999 | 66.4% |
| Aug-1999 | 65.7% |
| Sep-1999 | 65.3% |
| Oct-1999 | 65.5% |
| Nov-1999 | 65.3% |
| Dec-1999 | 65.1% |
| Jan-2000 | 64.4% |
| Feb-2000 | 65.4% |
| Mar-2000 | 65.7% |
| Apr-2000 | 65.9% |
| May-2000 | 65.6% |
| Jun-2000 | 65.9% |
| Jul-2000 | 65.4% |
| Aug-2000 | 65.5% |
| Sep-2000 | 65.6% |
| Oct-2000 | 66.5% |
| Nov-2000 | 67.4% |
| Dec-2000 | 68.1% |
| Jan-2001 | 69.0% |
| Feb-2001 | 68.6% |
| Mar-2001 | 67.9% |
| Apr-2001 | 66.9% |
| May-2001 | 65.8% |
| Jun-2001 | 65.3% |
| Jul-2001 | 65.7% |
| Aug-2001 | 66.2% |
| Sep-2001 | 66.6% |
| Oct-2001 | 65.5% |
| Nov-2001 | 64.4% |
| Dec-2001 | 62.9% |
| Jan-2002 | 62.6% |
| Feb-2002 | 62.3% |
| Mar-2002 | 61.7% |
| Apr-2002 | 61.9% |
| May-2002 | 62.8% |
| Jun-2002 | 64.4% |
| Jul-2002 | 64.5% |
| Aug-2002 | 64.0% |
| Sep-2002 | 63.1% |
| Oct-2002 | 63.1% |
| Nov-2002 | 63.7% |
| Dec-2002 | 64.1% |
| Jan-2003 | 64.2% |
| Feb-2003 | 64.2% |
| Mar-2003 | 64.5% |
| Apr-2003 | 64.3% |
| May-2003 | 63.7% |
| Jun-2003 | 63.5% |
| Jul-2003 | 63.1% |
| Aug-2003 | 63.2% |
| Sep-2003 | 63.4% |
| Oct-2003 | 64.3% |
| Nov-2003 | 64.7% |
| Dec-2003 | 63.7% |
| Jan-2004 | 63.6% |
| Feb-2004 | 63.4% |
| Mar-2004 | 64.9% |
| Apr-2004 | 64.3% |
| May-2004 | 64.3% |
| Jun-2004 | 63.7% |
| Jul-2004 | 64.2% |
| Aug-2004 | 64.5% |
| Sep-2004 | 64.1% |
| Oct-2004 | 64.2% |
| Nov-2004 | 64.0% |
| Dec-2004 | 64.4% |
| Jan-2005 | 64.6% |
| Feb-2005 | 64.8% |
| Mar-2005 | 64.9% |
| Apr-2005 | 65.1% |
| May-2005 | 65.8% |
| Jun-2005 | 66.1% |
| Jul-2005 | 66.6% |
| Aug-2005 | 65.9% |
| Sep-2005 | 66.5% |
| Oct-2005 | 66.2% |
| Nov-2005 | 66.0% |
| Dec-2005 | 65.9% |
| Jan-2006 | 65.8% |
| Feb-2006 | 67.3% |
| Mar-2006 | 67.3% |
| Apr-2006 | 67.6% |
| May-2006 | 67.3% |
| Jun-2006 | 67.2% |
| Jul-2006 | 66.7% |
| Aug-2006 | 66.4% |
| Sep-2006 | 65.9% |
| Oct-2006 | 66.9% |
| Nov-2006 | 67.6% |
| Dec-2006 | 68.3% |
| Jan-2007 | 68.0% |
| Feb-2007 | 67.0% |
| Mar-2007 | 66.5% |
| Apr-2007 | 65.8% |
| May-2007 | 66.2% |
| Jun-2007 | 67.6% |
| Jul-2007 | 67.7% |
| Aug-2007 | 67.6% |
| Sep-2007 | 66.9% |
| Oct-2007 | 67.0% |
| Nov-2007 | 67.5% |
| Dec-2007 | 66.6% |
| Jan-2008 | 66.4% |
| Feb-2008 | 65.4% |
| Mar-2008 | 65.6% |
| Apr-2008 | 64.7% |
| May-2008 | 65.1% |
| Jun-2008 | 64.9% |
| Jul-2008 | 65.3% |
| Aug-2008 | 64.2% |
| Sep-2008 | 62.9% |
| Oct-2008 | 62.1% |
| Nov-2008 | 61.9% |
| Dec-2008 | 62.3% |
| Jan-2009 | 62.2% |
| Feb-2009 | 61.6% |
| Mar-2009 | 60.8% |
| Apr-2009 | 59.8% |
| May-2009 | 59.6% |
| Jun-2009 | 58.3% |
| Jul-2009 | 57.5% |
| Aug-2009 | 57.0% |
| Sep-2009 | 56.8% |
| Oct-2009 | 57.6% |
| Nov-2009 | 56.7% |
| Dec-2009 | 57.7% |
| Jan-2010 | 57.9% |
| Feb-2010 | 58.8% |
| Mar-2010 | 58.7% |
| Apr-2010 | 57.4% |
| May-2010 | 56.4% |
| Jun-2010 | 56.6% |
| Jul-2010 | 57.2% |
| Aug-2010 | 58.4% |
| Sep-2010 | 58.8% |
| Oct-2010 | 58.9% |
| Nov-2010 | 58.9% |
| Dec-2010 | 58.4% |
| Jan-2011 | 59.1% |
| Feb-2011 | 59.5% |
| Mar-2011 | 60.1% |
| Apr-2011 | 60.4% |
| May-2011 | 60.2% |
| Jun-2011 | 59.7% |
| Jul-2011 | 59.8% |
| Aug-2011 | 59.6% |
| Sep-2011 | 60.6% |
| Oct-2011 | 59.8% |
| Nov-2011 | 59.8% |
| Dec-2011 | 59.1% |
| Jan-2012 | 59.2% |
| Feb-2012 | 59.1% |
| Mar-2012 | 59.4% |
| Apr-2012 | 60.3% |
| May-2012 | 60.9% |
| Jun-2012 | 61.6% |
| Jul-2012 | 61.8% |
| Aug-2012 | 62.3% |
| Sep-2012 | 62.3% |
| Oct-2012 | 62.0% |
| Nov-2012 | 61.8% |
| Dec-2012 | 62.5% |
| Jan-2013 | 62.2% |
| Feb-2013 | 61.5% |
| Mar-2013 | 61.6% |
| Apr-2013 | 63.1% |
| May-2013 | 63.5% |
| Jun-2013 | 63.2% |
| Jul-2013 | 62.3% |
| Aug-2013 | 62.9% |
| Sep-2013 | 63.5% |
| Oct-2013 | 64.3% |
| Nov-2013 | 64.1% |
| Dec-2013 | 63.6% |
| Jan-2014 | 63.9% |
| Feb-2014 | 63.6% |
| Mar-2014 | 63.9% |
| Apr-2014 | 62.8% |
| May-2014 | 64.2% |
| Jun-2014 | 64.5% |
| Jul-2014 | 66.0% |
| Aug-2014 | 65.5% |
| Sep-2014 | 65.3% |
| Oct-2014 | 64.9% |
| Nov-2014 | 65.3% |
| Dec-2014 | 65.8% |
| Jan-2015 | 67.2% |
| Feb-2015 | 67.8% |
| Mar-2015 | 68.5% |
| Apr-2015 | 68.1% |
| May-2015 | 68.5% |
| Jun-2015 | 68.1% |
| Jul-2015 | 68.9% |
| Aug-2015 | 68.6% |
| Sep-2015 | 68.8% |
| Oct-2015 | 68.7% |
| Nov-2015 | 68.5% |
| Dec-2015 | 69.0% |
| Jan-2016 | 68.7% |
| Feb-2016 | 70.2% |
| Mar-2016 | 71.2% |
| Apr-2016 | 71.2% |
| May-2016 | 69.5% |
| Jun-2016 | 68.6% |
| Jul-2016 | 68.6% |
| Aug-2016 | 69.5% |
| Sep-2016 | 69.1% |
| Oct-2016 | 67.9% |
| Nov-2016 | 67.4% |
| Dec-2016 | 68.6% |
| Jan-2017 | 69.5% |
| Feb-2017 | 69.5% |
| Mar-2017 | 69.6% |
| Apr-2017 | 70.0% |
| May-2017 | 70.2% |
| Jun-2017 | 70.5% |
| Jul-2017 | 70.1% |
| Aug-2017 | 70.7% |
| Sep-2017 | 70.3% |
| Oct-2017 | 70.2% |
| Nov-2017 | 70.2% |
| Dec-2017 | 70.2% |
| Jan-2018 | 71.2% |
| Feb-2018 | 71.3% |
| Mar-2018 | 71.4% |
| Apr-2018 | 71.5% |
| May-2018 | 71.5% |
| Jun-2018 | 72.4% |
| Jul-2018 | 72.8% |
| Aug-2018 | 72.8% |
| Sep-2018 | 72.8% |
| Oct-2018 | 72.5% |
| Nov-2018 | 72.7% |
| Dec-2018 | 72.6% |
| Jan-2019 | 72.4% |
| Feb-2019 | 72.5% |
| Mar-2019 | 72.0% |
| Apr-2019 | 72.5% |
| May-2019 | 73.3% |
| Jun-2019 | 73.9% |
| Jul-2019 | 74.1% |
| Aug-2019 | 73.7% |
| Sep-2019 | 73.6% |
| Oct-2019 | 74.3% |
| Nov-2019 | 74.4% |
| Dec-2019 | 74.0% |
| Jan-2020 | 72.9% |
| Feb-2020 | 72.4% |
| Mar-2020 | 72.9% |
| Apr-2020 | 73.2% |
| May-2020 | 62.6% |
| Jun-2020 | 50.5% |
| Jul-2020 | 41.2% |
| Aug-2020 | 44.2% |
| Sep-2020 | 50.2% |
| Oct-2020 | 54.5% |
| Nov-2020 | 58.1% |
| Dec-2020 | 61.3% |
| Jan-2021 | 62.5% |
| Feb-2021 | 63.0% |
| Mar-2021 | 63.5% |
| Apr-2021 | 65.4% |
| May-2021 | 66.7% |
| Jun-2021 | 67.3% |
| Jul-2021 | 67.5% |
| Aug-2021 | 67.9% |
| Sep-2021 | 68.4% |
| Oct-2021 | 69.3% |
| Nov-2021 | 70.0% |
| Dec-2021 | 70.2% |
| Jan-2022 | 70.7% |
| Feb-2022 | 70.7% |
| Mar-2022 | 71.1% |
| Apr-2022 | 71.7% |
| May-2022 | 72.8% |
Note: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Flows: Unemployed to Employed (16 Years and Over) [LNS17100000], and Not in Labor Force to Employed (16 years and over) [LNS17200000]. Because of volatility in these data, the line reflects a three month moving averages.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Population Survey public data series.
Economic indicators
Number of workers at each level of unemployment duration, by month, February 2020–May 2022
| date | Less than 5 weeks | 5–14 weeks | 15–26 weeks | 27–51 weeks | 52 weeks and over |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feb 20 | 2,123 | 1,830 | 793 | 398 | 723 |
| Mar 20 | 3,446 | 1,825 | 760 | 372 | 798 |
| Apr 20 | 14,251 | 7,066 | 705 | 495 | 517 |
| May 20 | 3,846 | 14,806 | 996 | 662 | 542 |
| Jun 20 | 2,884 | 11,522 | 1,928 | 715 | 625 |
| Jul 20 | 3,141 | 5,145 | 6,509 | 750 | 730 |
| Aug 20 | 2,342 | 3,105 | 6,580 | 784 | 770 |
| Sep 20 | 2,535 | 2,735 | 4,962 | 1563 | 833 |
| Oct 20 | 2,467 | 2,342 | 2,654 | 2738 | 820 |
| Nov 20 | 2,485 | 2,440 | 1,873 | 3053 | 882 |
| Dec 20 | 2,906 | 2,344 | 1,563 | 3092 | 887 |
| Jan 21 | 2,307 | 2,454 | 1,336 | 3062 | 984 |
| Feb 21 | 2,234 | 2,285 | 1,383 | 2941 | 1215 |
| Mar 21 | 2,204 | 1,950 | 1,371 | 1927 | 2274 |
| Apr 21 | 2,400 | 1,981 | 1,160 | 1702 | 2485 |
| May 21 | 1,974 | 2,218 | 1,230 | 1331 | 2434 |
| Jun 21 | 1,972 | 2,182 | 1,338 | 1435 | 2538 |
| Jul 21 | 2,246 | 1,794 | 1,203 | 1166 | 2245 |
| Aug 21 | 2,110 | 1,927 | 1,248 | 919 | 2186 |
| Sep 21 | 2,227 | 1,727 | 1,047 | 771 | 1893 |
| Oct 21 | 2,051 | 1,876 | 1,001 | 602 | 1737 |
| Nov 21 | 1,985 | 1,703 | 870 | 589 | 1604 |
| Dec 21 | 1,977 | 1,571 | 780 | 598 | 1410 |
| Jan 22 | 2,417 | 1,607 | 816 | 386 | 1305 |
| Feb 22 | 2,131 | 1,800 | 735 | 436 | 1266 |
| Mar 22 | 2,289 | 1,684 | 571 | 336 | 1092 |
| Apr 22 | 2,227 | 1,617 | 551 | 469 | 1014 |
| May 22 | 2,066 | 1,767 | 661 | 423 | 933 |
Notes: Data are seasonally adjusted. Seasonally adjusted data for Less than 5 weeks, 5-14 weeks, 15-26 weeks, and 27+ weeks are provided by BLS. Seasonally adjusted data are not available for 52+ so we applied the ratio of not-seasonally adjusted 52+ to not-seasonally adjusted 27+ to the seasonally adjusted 27+ to impute a seasonally adjusted 52+. Seasonally adjusted data for 27-51 is estimated as the difference between our estimated 52+ seasonally adjust data and the 27+ seasonally adjusted data.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Population Survey public data series.
Economic indicators
Notes: The number of officially unemployed includes the 5.7 million baseline unemployment level prior to COVID. The number of unemployed but misclassified includes the 2.7 million estimated undercount of the unemployed prior to the start of COVID based on Ahn and Hamilton (2021). The 5.7 million and the 2.7 million are included in the calculation of those hit by COVID because job search was made much more difficult by the labor market impacts of the recession. Totals may not sum due to rounding.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Population Survey public data series. Adapted from Figure A in The economy President-elect Biden is inheriting (Shierholz 2021).
Longer-term labor market trends
Jobs day
Monthly change in payroll employment, 2007–2022
| date | Change in Employment |
|---|---|
| Jan-2007 | 228 |
| Feb-2007 | 81 |
| Mar-2007 | 235 |
| Apr-2007 | 49 |
| May-2007 | 151 |
| Jun-2007 | 76 |
| Jul-2007 | -31 |
| Aug-2007 | -23 |
| Sep-2007 | 80 |
| Oct-2007 | 79 |
| Nov-2007 | 110 |
| Dec-2007 | 108 |
| Jan-2008 | 11 |
| Feb-2008 | -79 |
| Mar-2008 | -49 |
| Apr-2008 | -240 |
| May-2008 | -177 |
| Jun-2008 | -171 |
| Jul-2008 | -196 |
| Aug-2008 | -278 |
| Sep-2008 | -460 |
| Oct-2008 | -481 |
| Nov-2008 | -727 |
| Dec-2008 | -706 |
| Jan-2009 | -784 |
| Feb-2009 | -743 |
| Mar-2009 | -800 |
| Apr-2009 | -695 |
| May-2009 | -342 |
| Jun-2009 | -467 |
| Jul-2009 | -340 |
| Aug-2009 | -183 |
| Sep-2009 | -241 |
| Oct-2009 | -199 |
| Nov-2009 | 12 |
| Dec-2009 | -269 |
| Jan-2010 | 2 |
| Feb-2010 | -92 |
| Mar-2010 | 181 |
| Apr-2010 | 231 |
| May-2010 | 540 |
| Jun-2010 | -139 |
| Jul-2010 | -84 |
| Aug-2010 | -5 |
| Sep-2010 | -65 |
| Oct-2010 | 268 |
| Nov-2010 | 125 |
| Dec-2010 | 72 |
| Jan-2011 | 19 |
| Feb-2011 | 212 |
| Mar-2011 | 235 |
| Apr-2011 | 314 |
| May-2011 | 101 |
| Jun-2011 | 236 |
| Jul-2011 | 60 |
| Aug-2011 | 126 |
| Sep-2011 | 233 |
| Oct-2011 | 204 |
| Nov-2011 | 132 |
| Dec-2011 | 202 |
| Jan-2012 | 354 |
| Feb-2012 | 262 |
| Mar-2012 | 240 |
| Apr-2012 | 82 |
| May-2012 | 100 |
| Jun-2012 | 73 |
| Jul-2012 | 152 |
| Aug-2012 | 172 |
| Sep-2012 | 187 |
| Oct-2012 | 159 |
| Nov-2012 | 156 |
| Dec-2012 | 239 |
| Jan-2013 | 191 |
| Feb-2013 | 278 |
| Mar-2013 | 139 |
| Apr-2013 | 191 |
| May-2013 | 222 |
| Jun-2013 | 181 |
| Jul-2013 | 112 |
| Aug-2013 | 242 |
| Sep-2013 | 187 |
| Oct-2013 | 225 |
| Nov-2013 | 264 |
| Dec-2013 | 69 |
| Jan-2014 | 175 |
| Feb-2014 | 166 |
| Mar-2014 | 254 |
| Apr-2014 | 325 |
| May-2014 | 218 |
| Jun-2014 | 326 |
| Jul-2014 | 232 |
| Aug-2014 | 188 |
| Sep-2014 | 309 |
| Oct-2014 | 252 |
| Nov-2014 | 291 |
| Dec-2014 | 268 |
| Jan-2015 | 191 |
| Feb-2015 | 271 |
| Mar-2015 | 71 |
| Apr-2015 | 284 |
| May-2015 | 331 |
| Jun-2015 | 174 |
| Jul-2015 | 302 |
| Aug-2015 | 125 |
| Sep-2015 | 155 |
| Oct-2015 | 306 |
| Nov-2015 | 237 |
| Dec-2015 | 273 |
| Jan-2016 | 108 |
| Feb-2016 | 212 |
| Mar-2016 | 237 |
| Apr-2016 | 197 |
| May-2016 | 41 |
| Jun-2016 | 258 |
| Jul-2016 | 371 |
| Aug-2016 | 143 |
| Sep-2016 | 289 |
| Oct-2016 | 118 |
| Nov-2016 | 130 |
| Dec-2016 | 214 |
| Jan-2017 | 213 |
| Feb-2017 | 190 |
| Mar-2017 | 142 |
| Apr-2017 | 205 |
| May-2017 | 223 |
| Jun-2017 | 197 |
| Jul-2017 | 183 |
| Aug-2017 | 145 |
| Sep-2017 | 99 |
| Oct-2017 | 141 |
| Nov-2017 | 200 |
| Dec-2017 | 176 |
| Jan-2018 | 133 |
| Feb-2018 | 402 |
| Mar-2018 | 225 |
| Apr-2018 | 179 |
| May-2018 | 333 |
| Jun-2018 | 183 |
| Jul-2018 | 66 |
| Aug-2018 | 219 |
| Sep-2018 | 57 |
| Oct-2018 | 145 |
| Nov-2018 | 102 |
| Dec-2018 | 248 |
| Jan-2019 | 279 |
| Feb-2019 | 24 |
| Mar-2019 | 224 |
| Apr-2019 | 288 |
| May-2019 | 77 |
| Jun-2019 | 130 |
| Jul-2019 | 78 |
| Aug-2019 | 160 |
| Sep-2019 | 163 |
| Oct-2019 | 93 |
| Nov-2019 | 252 |
| Dec-2019 | 200 |
| Jan-2020 | 339 |
| Feb-2020 | 376 |
| Mar-2020 | -1498 |
| Apr-2020 | -20493 |
| May-2020 | 2642 |
| Jun-2020 | 4505 |
| Jul-2020 | 1388 |
| Aug-2020 | 1665 |
| Sep-2020 | 919 |
| Oct-2020 | 647 |
| Nov-2020 | 333 |
| Dec-2020 | -115 |
| Jan-2021 | 520 |
| Feb-2021 | 710 |
| Mar-2021 | 704 |
| Apr-2021 | 263 |
| May-2021 | 447 |
| Jun-2021 | 557 |
| Jul-2021 | 689 |
| Aug-2021 | 517 |
| Sep-2021 | 424 |
| Oct-2021 | 677 |
| Nov-2021 | 647 |
| Dec-2021 | 588 |
| Jan-2022 | 504 |
| Feb-2022 | 714 |
| March-2022 | 398 |
| Apr-2022 | 436 |
| May-2022 | 390 |
Note: Shaded areas denote recessions.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Employment Statistics public data series.
Jobs Day
Unemployment rate, 1948–2022
| date | Unemployment Rate |
|---|---|
| Jan-1948 | 3.40% |
| Feb-1948 | 3.80% |
| Mar-1948 | 4.00% |
| Apr-1948 | 3.90% |
| May-1948 | 3.50% |
| Jun-1948 | 3.60% |
| Jul-1948 | 3.60% |
| Aug-1948 | 3.90% |
| Sep-1948 | 3.80% |
| Oct-1948 | 3.70% |
| Nov-1948 | 3.80% |
| Dec-1948 | 4.00% |
| Jan-1949 | 4.30% |
| Feb-1949 | 4.70% |
| Mar-1949 | 5.00% |
| Apr-1949 | 5.30% |
| May-1949 | 6.10% |
| Jun-1949 | 6.20% |
| Jul-1949 | 6.70% |
| Aug-1949 | 6.80% |
| Sep-1949 | 6.60% |
| Oct-1949 | 7.90% |
| Nov-1949 | 6.40% |
| Dec-1949 | 6.60% |
| Jan-1950 | 6.50% |
| Feb-1950 | 6.40% |
| Mar-1950 | 6.30% |
| Apr-1950 | 5.80% |
| May-1950 | 5.50% |
| Jun-1950 | 5.40% |
| Jul-1950 | 5.00% |
| Aug-1950 | 4.50% |
| Sep-1950 | 4.40% |
| Oct-1950 | 4.20% |
| Nov-1950 | 4.20% |
| Dec-1950 | 4.30% |
| Jan-1951 | 3.70% |
| Feb-1951 | 3.40% |
| Mar-1951 | 3.40% |
| Apr-1951 | 3.10% |
| May-1951 | 3.00% |
| Jun-1951 | 3.20% |
| Jul-1951 | 3.10% |
| Aug-1951 | 3.10% |
| Sep-1951 | 3.30% |
| Oct-1951 | 3.50% |
| Nov-1951 | 3.50% |
| Dec-1951 | 3.10% |
| Jan-1952 | 3.20% |
| Feb-1952 | 3.10% |
| Mar-1952 | 2.90% |
| Apr-1952 | 2.90% |
| May-1952 | 3.00% |
| Jun-1952 | 3.00% |
| Jul-1952 | 3.20% |
| Aug-1952 | 3.40% |
| Sep-1952 | 3.10% |
| Oct-1952 | 3.00% |
| Nov-1952 | 2.80% |
| Dec-1952 | 2.70% |
| Jan-1953 | 2.90% |
| Feb-1953 | 2.60% |
| Mar-1953 | 2.60% |
| Apr-1953 | 2.70% |
| May-1953 | 2.50% |
| Jun-1953 | 2.50% |
| Jul-1953 | 2.60% |
| Aug-1953 | 2.70% |
| Sep-1953 | 2.90% |
| Oct-1953 | 3.10% |
| Nov-1953 | 3.50% |
| Dec-1953 | 4.50% |
| Jan-1954 | 4.90% |
| Feb-1954 | 5.20% |
| Mar-1954 | 5.70% |
| Apr-1954 | 5.90% |
| May-1954 | 5.90% |
| Jun-1954 | 5.60% |
| Jul-1954 | 5.80% |
| Aug-1954 | 6.00% |
| Sep-1954 | 6.10% |
| Oct-1954 | 5.70% |
| Nov-1954 | 5.30% |
| Dec-1954 | 5.00% |
| Jan-1955 | 4.90% |
| Feb-1955 | 4.70% |
| Mar-1955 | 4.60% |
| Apr-1955 | 4.70% |
| May-1955 | 4.30% |
| Jun-1955 | 4.20% |
| Jul-1955 | 4.00% |
| Aug-1955 | 4.20% |
| Sep-1955 | 4.10% |
| Oct-1955 | 4.30% |
| Nov-1955 | 4.20% |
| Dec-1955 | 4.20% |
| Jan-1956 | 4.00% |
| Feb-1956 | 3.90% |
| Mar-1956 | 4.20% |
| Apr-1956 | 4.00% |
| May-1956 | 4.30% |
| Jun-1956 | 4.30% |
| Jul-1956 | 4.40% |
| Aug-1956 | 4.10% |
| Sep-1956 | 3.90% |
| Oct-1956 | 3.90% |
| Nov-1956 | 4.30% |
| Dec-1956 | 4.20% |
| Jan-1957 | 4.20% |
| Feb-1957 | 3.90% |
| Mar-1957 | 3.70% |
| Apr-1957 | 3.90% |
| May-1957 | 4.10% |
| Jun-1957 | 4.30% |
| Jul-1957 | 4.20% |
| Aug-1957 | 4.10% |
| Sep-1957 | 4.40% |
| Oct-1957 | 4.50% |
| Nov-1957 | 5.10% |
| Dec-1957 | 5.20% |
| Jan-1958 | 5.80% |
| Feb-1958 | 6.40% |
| Mar-1958 | 6.70% |
| Apr-1958 | 7.40% |
| May-1958 | 7.40% |
| Jun-1958 | 7.30% |
| Jul-1958 | 7.50% |
| Aug-1958 | 7.40% |
| Sep-1958 | 7.10% |
| Oct-1958 | 6.70% |
| Nov-1958 | 6.20% |
| Dec-1958 | 6.20% |
| Jan-1959 | 6.00% |
| Feb-1959 | 5.90% |
| Mar-1959 | 5.60% |
| Apr-1959 | 5.20% |
| May-1959 | 5.10% |
| Jun-1959 | 5.00% |
| Jul-1959 | 5.10% |
| Aug-1959 | 5.20% |
| Sep-1959 | 5.50% |
| Oct-1959 | 5.70% |
| Nov-1959 | 5.80% |
| Dec-1959 | 5.30% |
| Jan-1960 | 5.20% |
| Feb-1960 | 4.80% |
| Mar-1960 | 5.40% |
| Apr-1960 | 5.20% |
| May-1960 | 5.10% |
| Jun-1960 | 5.40% |
| Jul-1960 | 5.50% |
| Aug-1960 | 5.60% |
| Sep-1960 | 5.50% |
| Oct-1960 | 6.10% |
| Nov-1960 | 6.10% |
| Dec-1960 | 6.60% |
| Jan-1961 | 6.60% |
| Feb-1961 | 6.90% |
| Mar-1961 | 6.90% |
| Apr-1961 | 7.00% |
| May-1961 | 7.10% |
| Jun-1961 | 6.90% |
| Jul-1961 | 7.00% |
| Aug-1961 | 6.60% |
| Sep-1961 | 6.70% |
| Oct-1961 | 6.50% |
| Nov-1961 | 6.10% |
| Dec-1961 | 6.00% |
| Jan-1962 | 5.80% |
| Feb-1962 | 5.50% |
| Mar-1962 | 5.60% |
| Apr-1962 | 5.60% |
| May-1962 | 5.50% |
| Jun-1962 | 5.50% |
| Jul-1962 | 5.40% |
| Aug-1962 | 5.70% |
| Sep-1962 | 5.60% |
| Oct-1962 | 5.40% |
| Nov-1962 | 5.70% |
| Dec-1962 | 5.50% |
| Jan-1963 | 5.70% |
| Feb-1963 | 5.90% |
| Mar-1963 | 5.70% |
| Apr-1963 | 5.70% |
| May-1963 | 5.90% |
| Jun-1963 | 5.60% |
| Jul-1963 | 5.60% |
| Aug-1963 | 5.40% |
| Sep-1963 | 5.50% |
| Oct-1963 | 5.50% |
| Nov-1963 | 5.70% |
| Dec-1963 | 5.50% |
| Jan-1964 | 5.60% |
| Feb-1964 | 5.40% |
| Mar-1964 | 5.40% |
| Apr-1964 | 5.30% |
| May-1964 | 5.10% |
| Jun-1964 | 5.20% |
| Jul-1964 | 4.90% |
| Aug-1964 | 5.00% |
| Sep-1964 | 5.10% |
| Oct-1964 | 5.10% |
| Nov-1964 | 4.80% |
| Dec-1964 | 5.00% |
| Jan-1965 | 4.90% |
| Feb-1965 | 5.10% |
| Mar-1965 | 4.70% |
| Apr-1965 | 4.80% |
| May-1965 | 4.60% |
| Jun-1965 | 4.60% |
| Jul-1965 | 4.40% |
| Aug-1965 | 4.40% |
| Sep-1965 | 4.30% |
| Oct-1965 | 4.20% |
| Nov-1965 | 4.10% |
| Dec-1965 | 4.00% |
| Jan-1966 | 4.00% |
| Feb-1966 | 3.80% |
| Mar-1966 | 3.80% |
| Apr-1966 | 3.80% |
| May-1966 | 3.90% |
| Jun-1966 | 3.80% |
| Jul-1966 | 3.80% |
| Aug-1966 | 3.80% |
| Sep-1966 | 3.70% |
| Oct-1966 | 3.70% |
| Nov-1966 | 3.60% |
| Dec-1966 | 3.80% |
| Jan-1967 | 3.90% |
| Feb-1967 | 3.80% |
| Mar-1967 | 3.80% |
| Apr-1967 | 3.80% |
| May-1967 | 3.80% |
| Jun-1967 | 3.90% |
| Jul-1967 | 3.80% |
| Aug-1967 | 3.80% |
| Sep-1967 | 3.80% |
| Oct-1967 | 4.00% |
| Nov-1967 | 3.90% |
| Dec-1967 | 3.80% |
| Jan-1968 | 3.70% |
| Feb-1968 | 3.80% |
| Mar-1968 | 3.70% |
| Apr-1968 | 3.50% |
| May-1968 | 3.50% |
| Jun-1968 | 3.70% |
| Jul-1968 | 3.70% |
| Aug-1968 | 3.50% |
| Sep-1968 | 3.40% |
| Oct-1968 | 3.40% |
| Nov-1968 | 3.40% |
| Dec-1968 | 3.40% |
| Jan-1969 | 3.40% |
| Feb-1969 | 3.40% |
| Mar-1969 | 3.40% |
| Apr-1969 | 3.40% |
| May-1969 | 3.40% |
| Jun-1969 | 3.50% |
| Jul-1969 | 3.50% |
| Aug-1969 | 3.50% |
| Sep-1969 | 3.70% |
| Oct-1969 | 3.70% |
| Nov-1969 | 3.50% |
| Dec-1969 | 3.50% |
| Jan-1970 | 3.90% |
| Feb-1970 | 4.20% |
| Mar-1970 | 4.40% |
| Apr-1970 | 4.60% |
| May-1970 | 4.80% |
| Jun-1970 | 4.90% |
| Jul-1970 | 5.00% |
| Aug-1970 | 5.10% |
| Sep-1970 | 5.40% |
| Oct-1970 | 5.50% |
| Nov-1970 | 5.90% |
| Dec-1970 | 6.10% |
| Jan-1971 | 5.90% |
| Feb-1971 | 5.90% |
| Mar-1971 | 6.00% |
| Apr-1971 | 5.90% |
| May-1971 | 5.90% |
| Jun-1971 | 5.90% |
| Jul-1971 | 6.00% |
| Aug-1971 | 6.10% |
| Sep-1971 | 6.00% |
| Oct-1971 | 5.80% |
| Nov-1971 | 6.00% |
| Dec-1971 | 6.00% |
| Jan-1972 | 5.80% |
| Feb-1972 | 5.70% |
| Mar-1972 | 5.80% |
| Apr-1972 | 5.70% |
| May-1972 | 5.70% |
| Jun-1972 | 5.70% |
| Jul-1972 | 5.60% |
| Aug-1972 | 5.60% |
| Sep-1972 | 5.50% |
| Oct-1972 | 5.60% |
| Nov-1972 | 5.30% |
| Dec-1972 | 5.20% |
| Jan-1973 | 4.90% |
| Feb-1973 | 5.00% |
| Mar-1973 | 4.90% |
| Apr-1973 | 5.00% |
| May-1973 | 4.90% |
| Jun-1973 | 4.90% |
| Jul-1973 | 4.80% |
| Aug-1973 | 4.80% |
| Sep-1973 | 4.80% |
| Oct-1973 | 4.60% |
| Nov-1973 | 4.80% |
| Dec-1973 | 4.90% |
| Jan-1974 | 5.10% |
| Feb-1974 | 5.20% |
| Mar-1974 | 5.10% |
| Apr-1974 | 5.10% |
| May-1974 | 5.10% |
| Jun-1974 | 5.40% |
| Jul-1974 | 5.50% |
| Aug-1974 | 5.50% |
| Sep-1974 | 5.90% |
| Oct-1974 | 6.00% |
| Nov-1974 | 6.60% |
| Dec-1974 | 7.20% |
| Jan-1975 | 8.10% |
| Feb-1975 | 8.10% |
| Mar-1975 | 8.60% |
| Apr-1975 | 8.80% |
| May-1975 | 9.00% |
| Jun-1975 | 8.80% |
| Jul-1975 | 8.60% |
| Aug-1975 | 8.40% |
| Sep-1975 | 8.40% |
| Oct-1975 | 8.40% |
| Nov-1975 | 8.30% |
| Dec-1975 | 8.20% |
| Jan-1976 | 7.90% |
| Feb-1976 | 7.70% |
| Mar-1976 | 7.60% |
| Apr-1976 | 7.70% |
| May-1976 | 7.40% |
| Jun-1976 | 7.60% |
| Jul-1976 | 7.80% |
| Aug-1976 | 7.80% |
| Sep-1976 | 7.60% |
| Oct-1976 | 7.70% |
| Nov-1976 | 7.80% |
| Dec-1976 | 7.80% |
| Jan-1977 | 7.50% |
| Feb-1977 | 7.60% |
| Mar-1977 | 7.40% |
| Apr-1977 | 7.20% |
| May-1977 | 7.00% |
| Jun-1977 | 7.20% |
| Jul-1977 | 6.90% |
| Aug-1977 | 7.00% |
| Sep-1977 | 6.80% |
| Oct-1977 | 6.80% |
| Nov-1977 | 6.80% |
| Dec-1977 | 6.40% |
| Jan-1978 | 6.40% |
| Feb-1978 | 6.30% |
| Mar-1978 | 6.30% |
| Apr-1978 | 6.10% |
| May-1978 | 6.00% |
| Jun-1978 | 5.90% |
| Jul-1978 | 6.20% |
| Aug-1978 | 5.90% |
| Sep-1978 | 6.00% |
| Oct-1978 | 5.80% |
| Nov-1978 | 5.90% |
| Dec-1978 | 6.00% |
| Jan-1979 | 5.90% |
| Feb-1979 | 5.90% |
| Mar-1979 | 5.80% |
| Apr-1979 | 5.80% |
| May-1979 | 5.60% |
| Jun-1979 | 5.70% |
| Jul-1979 | 5.70% |
| Aug-1979 | 6.00% |
| Sep-1979 | 5.90% |
| Oct-1979 | 6.00% |
| Nov-1979 | 5.90% |
| Dec-1979 | 6.00% |
| Jan-1980 | 6.30% |
| Feb-1980 | 6.30% |
| Mar-1980 | 6.30% |
| Apr-1980 | 6.90% |
| May-1980 | 7.50% |
| Jun-1980 | 7.60% |
| Jul-1980 | 7.80% |
| Aug-1980 | 7.70% |
| Sep-1980 | 7.50% |
| Oct-1980 | 7.50% |
| Nov-1980 | 7.50% |
| Dec-1980 | 7.20% |
| Jan-1981 | 7.50% |
| Feb-1981 | 7.40% |
| Mar-1981 | 7.40% |
| Apr-1981 | 7.20% |
| May-1981 | 7.50% |
| Jun-1981 | 7.50% |
| Jul-1981 | 7.20% |
| Aug-1981 | 7.40% |
| Sep-1981 | 7.60% |
| Oct-1981 | 7.90% |
| Nov-1981 | 8.30% |
| Dec-1981 | 8.50% |
| Jan-1982 | 8.60% |
| Feb-1982 | 8.90% |
| Mar-1982 | 9.00% |
| Apr-1982 | 9.30% |
| May-1982 | 9.40% |
| Jun-1982 | 9.60% |
| Jul-1982 | 9.80% |
| Aug-1982 | 9.80% |
| Sep-1982 | 10.10% |
| Oct-1982 | 10.40% |
| Nov-1982 | 10.80% |
| Dec-1982 | 10.80% |
| Jan-1983 | 10.40% |
| Feb-1983 | 10.40% |
| Mar-1983 | 10.30% |
| Apr-1983 | 10.20% |
| May-1983 | 10.10% |
| Jun-1983 | 10.10% |
| Jul-1983 | 9.40% |
| Aug-1983 | 9.50% |
| Sep-1983 | 9.20% |
| Oct-1983 | 8.80% |
| Nov-1983 | 8.50% |
| Dec-1983 | 8.30% |
| Jan-1984 | 8.00% |
| Feb-1984 | 7.80% |
| Mar-1984 | 7.80% |
| Apr-1984 | 7.70% |
| May-1984 | 7.40% |
| Jun-1984 | 7.20% |
| Jul-1984 | 7.50% |
| Aug-1984 | 7.50% |
| Sep-1984 | 7.30% |
| Oct-1984 | 7.40% |
| Nov-1984 | 7.20% |
| Dec-1984 | 7.30% |
| Jan-1985 | 7.30% |
| Feb-1985 | 7.20% |
| Mar-1985 | 7.20% |
| Apr-1985 | 7.30% |
| May-1985 | 7.20% |
| Jun-1985 | 7.40% |
| Jul-1985 | 7.40% |
| Aug-1985 | 7.10% |
| Sep-1985 | 7.10% |
| Oct-1985 | 7.10% |
| Nov-1985 | 7.00% |
| Dec-1985 | 7.00% |
| Jan-1986 | 6.70% |
| Feb-1986 | 7.20% |
| Mar-1986 | 7.20% |
| Apr-1986 | 7.10% |
| May-1986 | 7.20% |
| Jun-1986 | 7.20% |
| Jul-1986 | 7.00% |
| Aug-1986 | 6.90% |
| Sep-1986 | 7.00% |
| Oct-1986 | 7.00% |
| Nov-1986 | 6.90% |
| Dec-1986 | 6.60% |
| Jan-1987 | 6.60% |
| Feb-1987 | 6.60% |
| Mar-1987 | 6.60% |
| Apr-1987 | 6.30% |
| May-1987 | 6.30% |
| Jun-1987 | 6.20% |
| Jul-1987 | 6.10% |
| Aug-1987 | 6.00% |
| Sep-1987 | 5.90% |
| Oct-1987 | 6.00% |
| Nov-1987 | 5.80% |
| Dec-1987 | 5.70% |
| Jan-1988 | 5.70% |
| Feb-1988 | 5.70% |
| Mar-1988 | 5.70% |
| Apr-1988 | 5.40% |
| May-1988 | 5.60% |
| Jun-1988 | 5.40% |
| Jul-1988 | 5.40% |
| Aug-1988 | 5.60% |
| Sep-1988 | 5.40% |
| Oct-1988 | 5.40% |
| Nov-1988 | 5.30% |
| Dec-1988 | 5.30% |
| Jan-1989 | 5.40% |
| Feb-1989 | 5.20% |
| Mar-1989 | 5.00% |
| Apr-1989 | 5.20% |
| May-1989 | 5.20% |
| Jun-1989 | 5.30% |
| Jul-1989 | 5.20% |
| Aug-1989 | 5.20% |
| Sep-1989 | 5.30% |
| Oct-1989 | 5.30% |
| Nov-1989 | 5.40% |
| Dec-1989 | 5.40% |
| Jan-1990 | 5.40% |
| Feb-1990 | 5.30% |
| Mar-1990 | 5.20% |
| Apr-1990 | 5.40% |
| May-1990 | 5.40% |
| Jun-1990 | 5.20% |
| Jul-1990 | 5.50% |
| Aug-1990 | 5.70% |
| Sep-1990 | 5.90% |
| Oct-1990 | 5.90% |
| Nov-1990 | 6.20% |
| Dec-1990 | 6.30% |
| Jan-1991 | 6.40% |
| Feb-1991 | 6.60% |
| Mar-1991 | 6.80% |
| Apr-1991 | 6.70% |
| May-1991 | 6.90% |
| Jun-1991 | 6.90% |
| Jul-1991 | 6.80% |
| Aug-1991 | 6.90% |
| Sep-1991 | 6.90% |
| Oct-1991 | 7.00% |
| Nov-1991 | 7.00% |
| Dec-1991 | 7.30% |
| Jan-1992 | 7.30% |
| Feb-1992 | 7.40% |
| Mar-1992 | 7.40% |
| Apr-1992 | 7.40% |
| May-1992 | 7.60% |
| Jun-1992 | 7.80% |
| Jul-1992 | 7.70% |
| Aug-1992 | 7.60% |
| Sep-1992 | 7.60% |
| Oct-1992 | 7.30% |
| Nov-1992 | 7.40% |
| Dec-1992 | 7.40% |
| Jan-1993 | 7.30% |
| Feb-1993 | 7.10% |
| Mar-1993 | 7.00% |
| Apr-1993 | 7.10% |
| May-1993 | 7.10% |
| Jun-1993 | 7.00% |
| Jul-1993 | 6.90% |
| Aug-1993 | 6.80% |
| Sep-1993 | 6.70% |
| Oct-1993 | 6.80% |
| Nov-1993 | 6.60% |
| Dec-1993 | 6.50% |
| Jan-1994 | 6.60% |
| Feb-1994 | 6.60% |
| Mar-1994 | 6.50% |
| Apr-1994 | 6.40% |
| May-1994 | 6.10% |
| Jun-1994 | 6.10% |
| Jul-1994 | 6.10% |
| Aug-1994 | 6.00% |
| Sep-1994 | 5.90% |
| Oct-1994 | 5.80% |
| Nov-1994 | 5.60% |
| Dec-1994 | 5.50% |
| Jan-1995 | 5.60% |
| Feb-1995 | 5.40% |
| Mar-1995 | 5.40% |
| Apr-1995 | 5.80% |
| May-1995 | 5.60% |
| Jun-1995 | 5.60% |
| Jul-1995 | 5.70% |
| Aug-1995 | 5.70% |
| Sep-1995 | 5.60% |
| Oct-1995 | 5.50% |
| Nov-1995 | 5.60% |
| Dec-1995 | 5.60% |
| Jan-1996 | 5.60% |
| Feb-1996 | 5.50% |
| Mar-1996 | 5.50% |
| Apr-1996 | 5.60% |
| May-1996 | 5.60% |
| Jun-1996 | 5.30% |
| Jul-1996 | 5.50% |
| Aug-1996 | 5.10% |
| Sep-1996 | 5.20% |
| Oct-1996 | 5.20% |
| Nov-1996 | 5.40% |
| Dec-1996 | 5.40% |
| Jan-1997 | 5.30% |
| Feb-1997 | 5.20% |
| Mar-1997 | 5.20% |
| Apr-1997 | 5.10% |
| May-1997 | 4.90% |
| Jun-1997 | 5.00% |
| Jul-1997 | 4.90% |
| Aug-1997 | 4.80% |
| Sep-1997 | 4.90% |
| Oct-1997 | 4.70% |
| Nov-1997 | 4.60% |
| Dec-1997 | 4.70% |
| Jan-1998 | 4.60% |
| Feb-1998 | 4.60% |
| Mar-1998 | 4.70% |
| Apr-1998 | 4.30% |
| May-1998 | 4.40% |
| Jun-1998 | 4.50% |
| Jul-1998 | 4.50% |
| Aug-1998 | 4.50% |
| Sep-1998 | 4.60% |
| Oct-1998 | 4.50% |
| Nov-1998 | 4.40% |
| Dec-1998 | 4.40% |
| Jan-1999 | 4.30% |
| Feb-1999 | 4.40% |
| Mar-1999 | 4.20% |
| Apr-1999 | 4.30% |
| May-1999 | 4.20% |
| Jun-1999 | 4.30% |
| Jul-1999 | 4.30% |
| Aug-1999 | 4.20% |
| Sep-1999 | 4.20% |
| Oct-1999 | 4.10% |
| Nov-1999 | 4.10% |
| Dec-1999 | 4.00% |
| Jan-2000 | 4.00% |
| Feb-2000 | 4.10% |
| Mar-2000 | 4.00% |
| Apr-2000 | 3.80% |
| May-2000 | 4.00% |
| Jun-2000 | 4.00% |
| Jul-2000 | 4.00% |
| Aug-2000 | 4.10% |
| Sep-2000 | 3.90% |
| Oct-2000 | 3.90% |
| Nov-2000 | 3.90% |
| Dec-2000 | 3.90% |
| Jan-2001 | 4.20% |
| Feb-2001 | 4.20% |
| Mar-2001 | 4.30% |
| Apr-2001 | 4.40% |
| May-2001 | 4.30% |
| Jun-2001 | 4.50% |
| Jul-2001 | 4.60% |
| Aug-2001 | 4.90% |
| Sep-2001 | 5.00% |
| Oct-2001 | 5.30% |
| Nov-2001 | 5.50% |
| Dec-2001 | 5.70% |
| Jan-2002 | 5.70% |
| Feb-2002 | 5.70% |
| Mar-2002 | 5.70% |
| Apr-2002 | 5.90% |
| May-2002 | 5.80% |
| Jun-2002 | 5.80% |
| Jul-2002 | 5.80% |
| Aug-2002 | 5.70% |
| Sep-2002 | 5.70% |
| Oct-2002 | 5.70% |
| Nov-2002 | 5.90% |
| Dec-2002 | 6.00% |
| Jan-2003 | 5.80% |
| Feb-2003 | 5.90% |
| Mar-2003 | 5.90% |
| Apr-2003 | 6.00% |
| May-2003 | 6.10% |
| Jun-2003 | 6.30% |
| Jul-2003 | 6.20% |
| Aug-2003 | 6.10% |
| Sep-2003 | 6.10% |
| Oct-2003 | 6.00% |
| Nov-2003 | 5.80% |
| Dec-2003 | 5.70% |
| Jan-2004 | 5.70% |
| Feb-2004 | 5.60% |
| Mar-2004 | 5.80% |
| Apr-2004 | 5.60% |
| May-2004 | 5.60% |
| Jun-2004 | 5.60% |
| Jul-2004 | 5.50% |
| Aug-2004 | 5.40% |
| Sep-2004 | 5.40% |
| Oct-2004 | 5.50% |
| Nov-2004 | 5.40% |
| Dec-2004 | 5.40% |
| Jan-2005 | 5.30% |
| Feb-2005 | 5.40% |
| Mar-2005 | 5.20% |
| Apr-2005 | 5.20% |
| May-2005 | 5.10% |
| Jun-2005 | 5.00% |
| Jul-2005 | 5.00% |
| Aug-2005 | 4.90% |
| Sep-2005 | 5.00% |
| Oct-2005 | 5.00% |
| Nov-2005 | 5.00% |
| Dec-2005 | 4.90% |
| Jan-2006 | 4.70% |
| Feb-2006 | 4.80% |
| Mar-2006 | 4.70% |
| Apr-2006 | 4.70% |
| May-2006 | 4.60% |
| Jun-2006 | 4.60% |
| Jul-2006 | 4.70% |
| Aug-2006 | 4.70% |
| Sep-2006 | 4.50% |
| Oct-2006 | 4.40% |
| Nov-2006 | 4.50% |
| Dec-2006 | 4.40% |
| Jan-2007 | 4.60% |
| Feb-2007 | 4.50% |
| Mar-2007 | 4.40% |
| Apr-2007 | 4.50% |
| May-2007 | 4.40% |
| Jun-2007 | 4.60% |
| Jul-2007 | 4.70% |
| Aug-2007 | 4.60% |
| Sep-2007 | 4.70% |
| Oct-2007 | 4.70% |
| Nov-2007 | 4.70% |
| Dec-2007 | 5.00% |
| Jan-2008 | 5.00% |
| Feb-2008 | 4.90% |
| Mar-2008 | 5.10% |
| Apr-2008 | 5.00% |
| May-2008 | 5.40% |
| Jun-2008 | 5.60% |
| Jul-2008 | 5.80% |
| Aug-2008 | 6.10% |
| Sep-2008 | 6.10% |
| Oct-2008 | 6.50% |
| Nov-2008 | 6.80% |
| Dec-2008 | 7.30% |
| Jan-2009 | 7.80% |
| Feb-2009 | 8.30% |
| Mar-2009 | 8.70% |
| Apr-2009 | 9.00% |
| May-2009 | 9.40% |
| Jun-2009 | 9.50% |
| Jul-2009 | 9.50% |
| Aug-2009 | 9.60% |
| Sep-2009 | 9.80% |
| Oct-2009 | 10.00% |
| Nov-2009 | 9.90% |
| Dec-2009 | 9.90% |
| Jan-2010 | 9.80% |
| Feb-2010 | 9.80% |
| Mar-2010 | 9.90% |
| Apr-2010 | 9.90% |
| May-2010 | 9.60% |
| Jun-2010 | 9.40% |
| Jul-2010 | 9.40% |
| Aug-2010 | 9.50% |
| Sep-2010 | 9.50% |
| Oct-2010 | 9.40% |
| Nov-2010 | 9.80% |
| Dec-2010 | 9.30% |
| Jan-2011 | 9.10% |
| Feb-2011 | 9.00% |
| Mar-2011 | 9.00% |
| Apr-2011 | 9.10% |
| May-2011 | 9.00% |
| Jun-2011 | 9.10% |
| Jul-2011 | 9.00% |
| Aug-2011 | 9.00% |
| Sep-2011 | 9.00% |
| Oct-2011 | 8.80% |
| Nov-2011 | 8.60% |
| Dec-2011 | 8.50% |
| Jan-2012 | 8.30% |
| Feb-2012 | 8.30% |
| Mar-2012 | 8.20% |
| Apr-2012 | 8.20% |
| May-2012 | 8.20% |
| Jun-2012 | 8.20% |
| Jul-2012 | 8.20% |
| Aug-2012 | 8.10% |
| Sep-2012 | 7.80% |
| Oct-2012 | 7.80% |
| Nov-2012 | 7.70% |
| Dec-2012 | 7.90% |
| Jan-2013 | 8.00% |
| Feb-2013 | 7.70% |
| Mar-2013 | 7.50% |
| Apr-2013 | 7.60% |
| May-2013 | 7.50% |
| Jun-2013 | 7.50% |
| Jul-2013 | 7.30% |
| Aug-2013 | 7.20% |
| Sep-2013 | 7.20% |
| Oct-2013 | 7.20% |
| Nov-2013 | 6.90% |
| Dec-2013 | 6.70% |
| Jan-2014 | 6.60% |
| Feb-2014 | 6.70% |
| Mar-2014 | 6.70% |
| Apr-2014 | 6.20% |
| May-2014 | 6.30% |
| Jun-2014 | 6.10% |
| Jul-2014 | 6.20% |
| Aug-2014 | 6.10% |
| Sep-2014 | 5.90% |
| Oct-2014 | 5.70% |
| Nov-2014 | 5.80% |
| Dec-2014 | 5.60% |
| Jan-2015 | 5.70% |
| Feb-2015 | 5.50% |
| Mar-2015 | 5.40% |
| Apr-2015 | 5.40% |
| May-2015 | 5.60% |
| Jun-2015 | 5.30% |
| Jul-2015 | 5.20% |
| Aug-2015 | 5.10% |
| Sep-2015 | 5.00% |
| Oct-2015 | 5.00% |
| Nov-2015 | 5.10% |
| Dec-2015 | 5.00% |
| Jan-2016 | 4.80% |
| Feb-2016 | 4.90% |
| Mar-2016 | 5.00% |
| Apr-2016 | 5.10% |
| May-2016 | 4.80% |
| Jun-2016 | 4.90% |
| Jul-2016 | 4.80% |
| Aug-2016 | 4.90% |
| Sep-2016 | 5.00% |
| Oct-2016 | 4.90% |
| Nov-2016 | 4.70% |
| Dec-2016 | 4.70% |
| Jan-2017 | 4.70% |
| Feb-2017 | 4.60% |
| Mar-2017 | 4.40% |
| Apr-2017 | 4.40% |
| May-2017 | 4.40% |
| Jun-2017 | 4.30% |
| Jul-2017 | 4.30% |
| Aug-2017 | 4.40% |
| Sep-2017 | 4.30% |
| Oct-2017 | 4.20% |
| Nov-2017 | 4.20% |
| Dec-2017 | 4.10% |
| Jan-2018 | 4.00% |
| Feb-2018 | 4.10% |
| Mar-2018 | 4.00% |
| Apr-2018 | 4.00% |
| May-2018 | 3.80% |
| Jun-2018 | 4.00% |
| Jul-2018 | 3.80% |
| Aug-2018 | 3.80% |
| Sep-2018 | 3.70% |
| Oct-2018 | 3.80% |
| Nov-2018 | 3.80% |
| Dec-2018 | 3.90% |
| Jan-2019 | 4.00% |
| Feb-2019 | 3.80% |
| Mar-2019 | 3.80% |
| Apr-2019 | 3.60% |
| May-2019 | 3.60% |
| Jun-2019 | 3.60% |
| Jul-2019 | 3.70% |
| Aug-2019 | 3.70% |
| Sep-2019 | 3.50% |
| Oct-2019 | 3.60% |
| Nov-2019 | 3.60% |
| Dec-2019 | 3.60% |
| Jan-2020 | 3.50% |
| Feb-2020 | 3.50% |
| Mar-2020 | 4.40% |
| Apr-2020 | 14.70% |
| May-2020 | 13.20% |
| Jun-2020 | 11.00% |
| Jul-2020 | 10.20% |
| Aug-2020 | 8.40% |
| Sep-2020 | 7.90% |
| Oct-2020 | 6.90% |
| Nov-2020 | 6.70% |
| Dec-2020 | 6.70% |
| Jan-2021 | 6.40% |
| Feb-2021 | 6.20% |
| Mar-2021 | 6.00% |
| Apr-2021 | 6.00% |
| May-2021 | 5.80% |
| Jun-2021 | 5.90% |
| Jul-2021 | 5.40% |
| Aug-2021 | 5.20% |
| Sep-2021 | 4.70% |
| Oct-2021 | 4.60% |
| Nov-2021 | 4.20% |
| Dec-2021 | 3.90% |
| Jan-2022 | 4.00% |
| Feb-2022 | 3.80% |
| Mar-2022 | 3.60% |
| Apr-2022 | 3.60% |
| May-2022 | 3.60% |
Note: Shaded areas denote recessions.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Population Survey.
Jobs Day
Unemployment rate of workers age 16 and older by race and ethnicity, 1995–2022
| Date | White | Black | Hispanic | AAPI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan-1995 | 4.8 | 10.3 | 10.2 | |
| Feb-1995 | 4.7 | 10.1 | 9 | |
| Mar-1995 | 4.7 | 9.7 | 8.9 | |
| Apr-1995 | 5 | 10.7 | 8.9 | |
| May-1995 | 5 | 10 | 9.8 | |
| Jun-1995 | 4.9 | 10.7 | 9.1 | |
| Jul-1995 | 4.9 | 10.9 | 8.8 | |
| Aug-1995 | 4.9 | 11.1 | 9.6 | |
| Sep-1995 | 4.9 | 11.1 | 9.1 | |
| Oct-1995 | 4.9 | 10 | 9.4 | |
| Nov-1995 | 5 | 9.7 | 9.5 | |
| Dec-1995 | 4.9 | 10.2 | 9.3 | |
| Jan-1996 | 4.9 | 10.6 | 9.4 | |
| Feb-1996 | 4.8 | 10 | 9.6 | |
| Mar-1996 | 4.8 | 10.6 | 9.6 | |
| Apr-1996 | 4.8 | 10.7 | 9.6 | |
| May-1996 | 4.9 | 10.2 | 9.6 | |
| Jun-1996 | 4.6 | 10.4 | 8.8 | |
| Jul-1996 | 4.7 | 10.6 | 8.8 | |
| Aug-1996 | 4.4 | 10.6 | 8.8 | |
| Sep-1996 | 4.5 | 10.6 | 8.2 | |
| Oct-1996 | 4.5 | 10.7 | 8 | |
| Nov-1996 | 4.6 | 10.6 | 8.5 | |
| Dec-1996 | 4.6 | 10.5 | 7.4 | |
| Jan-1997 | 4.5 | 10.8 | 8.4 | |
| Feb-1997 | 4.5 | 10.7 | 8.2 | |
| Mar-1997 | 4.4 | 10.5 | 8.3 | |
| Apr-1997 | 4.3 | 10.2 | 8.2 | |
| May-1997 | 4.1 | 10.3 | 7.7 | |
| Jun-1997 | 4.2 | 10.8 | 7.5 | |
| Jul-1997 | 4.2 | 9.5 | 7.9 | |
| Aug-1997 | 4.2 | 9.4 | 7.2 | |
| Sep-1997 | 4.2 | 9.5 | 7.4 | |
| Oct-1997 | 4.1 | 9.5 | 7.8 | |
| Nov-1997 | 3.9 | 9.5 | 7 | |
| Dec-1997 | 3.9 | 10 | 7.3 | |
| Jan-1998 | 4 | 9.4 | 7.1 | |
| Feb-1998 | 3.9 | 9.3 | 6.9 | |
| Mar-1998 | 4 | 9.2 | 6.9 | |
| Apr-1998 | 3.7 | 9.1 | 6.7 | |
| May-1998 | 3.8 | 8.9 | 6.9 | |
| Jun-1998 | 3.9 | 8.8 | 7.4 | |
| Jul-1998 | 3.8 | 9.5 | 7.3 | |
| Aug-1998 | 3.9 | 8.8 | 7.4 | |
| Sep-1998 | 3.9 | 9.1 | 7.3 | |
| Oct-1998 | 3.9 | 8.6 | 7.2 | |
| Nov-1998 | 3.8 | 8.6 | 7.1 | |
| Dec-1998 | 3.8 | 7.7 | 7.7 | |
| Jan-1999 | 3.8 | 7.8 | 6.7 | |
| Feb-1999 | 3.8 | 8.2 | 6.7 | |
| Mar-1999 | 3.6 | 8 | 5.8 | |
| Apr-1999 | 3.8 | 7.8 | 7 | |
| May-1999 | 3.7 | 7.4 | 6.7 | |
| Jun-1999 | 3.8 | 7.7 | 6.6 | |
| Jul-1999 | 3.7 | 8.7 | 6.5 | |
| Aug-1999 | 3.7 | 7.7 | 6.5 | |
| Sep-1999 | 3.6 | 8.5 | 6.7 | |
| Oct-1999 | 3.5 | 8.4 | 6.4 | |
| Nov-1999 | 3.5 | 8 | 6 | |
| Dec-1999 | 3.5 | 7.8 | 5.8 | |
| Jan-2000 | 3.4 | 8.2 | 5.6 | |
| Feb-2000 | 3.6 | 8.1 | 5.7 | |
| Mar-2000 | 3.5 | 7.4 | 6.1 | |
| Apr-2000 | 3.4 | 7% | 5.5 | |
| May-2000 | 3.5 | 7.7 | 5.8 | |
| Jun-2000 | 3.4 | 7.8 | 5.6 | |
| Jul-2000 | 3.5 | 7.7 | 5.8 | |
| Aug-2000 | 3.6 | 7.9 | 5.9 | |
| Sep-2000 | 3.5 | 7.3 | 5.8 | |
| Oct-2000 | 3.4% | 7.3 | 5.1 | |
| Nov-2000 | 3.5 | 7.3 | 6 | |
| Dec-2000 | 3.5 | 7.4 | 5.7 | |
| Jan-2001 | 3.6 | 8.2 | 5.8 | |
| Feb-2001 | 3.7 | 7.7 | 6.1 | |
| Mar-2001 | 3.7 | 8.3 | 6.2 | |
| Apr-2001 | 3.9 | 8 | 6.4 | |
| May-2001 | 3.8 | 7.9 | 6.3 | |
| Jun-2001 | 4 | 8.3 | 6.6 | |
| Jul-2001 | 4 | 8 | 6.2 | |
| Aug-2001 | 4.3 | 9.1 | 6.5 | |
| Sep-2001 | 4.3 | 8.9 | 6.7 | |
| Oct-2001 | 4.7 | 9.5 | 7.1 | |
| Nov-2001 | 4.9 | 9.8 | 7.3 | |
| Dec-2001 | 5.1 | 10.1 | 7.7 | |
| Jan-2002 | 5.1 | 10 | 7.8 | |
| Feb-2002 | 5 | 9.9 | 7 | |
| Mar-2002 | 5 | 10.5 | 7.5 | |
| Apr-2002 | 5.2 | 10.7 | 8 | |
| May-2002 | 5.1 | 10.2 | 7.1 | |
| Jun-2002 | 5.1 | 10.5 | 7.4 | |
| Jul-2002 | 5.2 | 9.8 | 7.4 | |
| Aug-2002 | 5.1 | 9.8 | 7.5 | |
| Sep-2002 | 5.1 | 9.7 | 7.4 | |
| Oct-2002 | 5.1 | 9.8 | 7.9 | |
| Nov-2002 | 5.1 | 10.7 | 7.8 | |
| Dec-2002 | 5.1 | 11.3 | 7.9 | |
| Jan-2003 | 5.2 | 10.5 | 7.9 | 5.5 |
| Feb-2003 | 5.1 | 10.7 | 7.7 | 5.8 |
| Mar-2003 | 5.1 | 10.3 | 7.8 | 6.5 |
| Apr-2003 | 5.3 | 10.9 | 7.6 | 6 |
| May-2003 | 5.4 | 10.9 | 8 | 5.5 |
| Jun-2003 | 5.5 | 11.5 | 8.3 | 7.4 |
| Jul-2003 | 5.4 | 10.9 | 8 | 5.9 |
| Aug-2003 | 5.4 | 10.9 | 7.7 | 6 |
| Sep-2003 | 5.3 | 11.1 | 7.3 | 6.4 |
| Oct-2003 | 5.1 | 11.4 | 7.5 | 6.2 |
| Nov-2003 | 5.2 | 10.2 | 7.4 | 5.2 |
| Dec-2003 | 5 | 10.1 | 6.7 | 5.4 |
| Jan-2004 | 5 | 10.4 | 7.3 | 5 |
| Feb-2004 | 4.9 | 9.7 | 7.4 | 4.5 |
| Mar-2004 | 5.1 | 10.3 | 7.6 | 4.3 |
| Apr-2004 | 5 | 9.8 | 7.1 | 4.7 |
| May-2004 | 4.9 | 10.1 | 6.9 | 4.6 |
| Jun-2004 | 5 | 10.2 | 6.6 | 4.6 |
| Jul-2004 | 4.7 | 11 | 6.8 | 3.9 |
| Aug-2004 | 4.7 | 10.5 | 6.8 | 3.7 |
| Sep-2004 | 4.6 | 10.3 | 6.8 | 4.5 |
| Oct-2004 | 4.6 | 10.8 | 6.8 | 4.9 |
| Nov-2004 | 4.6 | 10.7 | 6.7 | 4.1 |
| Dec-2004 | 4.5 | 10.7 | 6.6 | 4.2 |
| Jan-2005 | 4.5 | 10.6 | 6 | 4.1 |
| Feb-2005 | 4.6 | 10.9 | 6.3 | 4.3 |
| Mar-2005 | 4.5 | 10.5 | 5.8 | 3.9 |
| Apr-2005 | 4.4 | 10.3 | 6.4 | 4.2 |
| May-2005 | 4.4 | 10.1 | 6 | 4.2 |
| Jun-2005 | 4.3 | 10.2 | 5.7 | 3.6 |
| Jul-2005 | 4.2 | 9.2 | 5.5 | 4.8 |
| Aug-2005 | 4.2 | 9.7 | 5.8 | 3.7 |
| Sep-2005 | 4.4 | 9.4 | 6.4 | 4.3 |
| Oct-2005 | 4.4 | 9.1 | 6 | 3.2 |
| Nov-2005 | 4.3 | 10.6 | 6.1 | 3.6 |
| Dec-2005 | 4.2 | 9.2 | 6.1 | 3.8 |
| Jan-2006 | 4.1 | 8.9 | 5.5 | 3 |
| Feb-2006 | 4.1 | 9.5 | 5.4 | 3 |
| Mar-2006 | 4 | 9.5 | 5.2 | 3.5 |
| Apr-2006 | 4.1 | 9.4 | 5.5 | 3.9 |
| May-2006 | 4.1 | 8.7 | 5 | 3.3 |
| Jun-2006 | 4.1 | 8.9 | 5.2 | 3.1 |
| Jul-2006 | 4.1 | 9.5 | 5.2 | 2.4 |
| Aug-2006 | 4.1 | 8.8 | 5.3 | 3 |
| Sep-2006 | 3.9 | 9 | 5.5 | 3 |
| Oct-2006 | 3.9 | 8.4 | 4.8% | 2.8 |
| Nov-2006 | 4 | 8.5 | 5.1 | 3.1 |
| Dec-2006 | 3.9 | 8.3 | 5 | 2.5 |
| Jan-2007 | 4.2 | 7.9 | 5.5 | 3.1 |
| Feb-2007 | 4.1 | 8 | 5.1 | 2.6 |
| Mar-2007 | 3.8 | 8.4 | 5 | 3 |
| Apr-2007 | 4 | 8.3 | 5.6 | 3.5 |
| May-2007 | 3.9 | 8.3 | 5.8 | 3.2 |
| Jun-2007 | 4.1 | 8.5 | 5.5 | 2.7 |
| Jul-2007 | 4.2 | 8.1 | 5.9 | 2.7 |
| Aug-2007 | 4.2 | 7.6 | 5.5 | 3.5 |
| Sep-2007 | 4.2 | 8 | 5.9 | 3.4 |
| Oct-2007 | 4.1 | 8.5 | 5.7 | 3.8 |
| Nov-2007 | 4.2 | 8.5 | 5.9 | 3.6 |
| Dec-2007 | 4.4 | 9 | 6.3 | 3.7 |
| Jan-2008 | 4.4 | 9.1 | 6.3 | 3.1 |
| Feb-2008 | 4.4 | 8.4 | 6.2 | 2.9 |
| Mar-2008 | 4.5 | 9.2 | 6.9 | 3.6 |
| Apr-2008 | 4.4 | 8.6 | 7.1 | 3.5 |
| May-2008 | 4.8 | 9.6 | 6.9 | 4.1 |
| Jun-2008 | 5 | 9.4 | 7.6 | 4.2 |
| Jul-2008 | 5.2 | 10 | 7.5 | 3.7 |
| Aug-2008 | 5.4 | 10.6 | 8 | 4.5 |
| Sep-2008 | 5.4 | 11.3 | 8 | 4 |
| Oct-2008 | 5.9 | 11.4 | 8.8 | 3.9 |
| Nov-2008 | 6.2 | 11.5 | 8.7 | 4.8 |
| Dec-2008 | 6.7 | 12.1 | 9.4 | 5.1 |
| Jan-2009 | 7.1 | 12.7 | 10.1 | 6.1 |
| Feb-2009 | 7.6 | 13.7 | 11.3 | 6.7 |
| Mar-2009 | 8 | 13.7 | 11.7 | 6.5 |
| Apr-2009 | 8.1 | 15 | 11.4 | 6.8 |
| May-2009 | 8.5 | 15 | 12.3 | 7 |
| Jun-2009 | 8.7 | 14.8 | 12.1 | 7.9 |
| Jul-2009 | 8.7 | 14.8 | 12.5 | 8.1 |
| Aug-2009 | 8.9 | 16.8% | 13 | 7.6 |
| Sep-2009 | 8.9 | 15.3 | 12.6 | 7.6 |
| Oct-2009 | 9.2 | 15.8 | 12.8 | 7.6 |
| Nov-2009 | 9.2% | 15.7 | 12.4 | 7.2 |
| Dec-2009 | 9 | 16.1 | 12.8 | 8.4 |
| Jan-2010 | 8.8 | 16.5 | 12.9 | 8.3 |
| Feb-2010 | 8.9 | 16.1 | 12.7 | 8.2 |
| Mar-2010 | 8.9 | 16.8 | 13% | 7.6 |
| Apr-2010 | 9 | 16.6 | 12.5 | 7 |
| May-2010 | 8.7 | 15.5 | 12 | 7.8 |
| Jun-2010 | 8.6 | 15.2 | 12.3 | 7.4 |
| Jul-2010 | 8.5 | 15.6 | 12.2 | 7.9 |
| Aug-2010 | 8.6 | 15.9 | 12 | 7.3 |
| Sep-2010 | 8.6 | 16 | 12.3 | 6.6 |
| Oct-2010 | 8.6 | 15.6 | 12.3 | 7.2 |
| Nov-2010 | 8.9 | 16.2 | 12.9 | 7.5 |
| Dec-2010 | 8.5 | 15.5 | 12.9 | 7.2 |
| Jan-2011 | 8.1 | 15.8 | 12.3 | 6.8 |
| Feb-2011 | 8.1 | 15.5 | 11.8 | 6.7 |
| Mar-2011 | 8 | 15.8 | 11.6 | 7.3 |
| Apr-2011 | 8.1 | 16.5 | 11.9 | 6.5 |
| May-2011 | 7.9 | 16.3 | 11.6 | 7.2 |
| Jun-2011 | 8.1 | 16.2 | 11.5 | 6.5 |
| Jul-2011 | 8 | 15.9 | 11.2 | 7.4 |
| Aug-2011 | 7.9 | 16.4 | 11.2 | 7.2 |
| Sep-2011 | 7.9 | 15.9 | 11.2 | 8 |
| Oct-2011 | 7.9 | 14.6 | 11.3 | 7.4 |
| Nov-2011 | 7.7 | 15.6 | 11.2 | 6.4 |
| Dec-2011 | 7.5 | 15.4 | 11.1 | 6.8 |
| Jan-2012 | 7.4 | 13.6 | 10.7 | 6.7 |
| Feb-2012 | 7.4 | 14 | 10.9 | 6.2 |
| Mar-2012 | 7.3 | 14 | 10.6 | 6.4 |
| Apr-2012 | 7.4 | 13.3 | 10.3 | 5.4 |
| May-2012 | 7.4 | 13.5 | 10.9 | 5.5 |
| Jun-2012 | 7.3 | 14.5 | 10.9 | 6.1 |
| Jul-2012 | 7.3 | 14.2 | 10.2 | 5.9 |
| Aug-2012 | 7.2 | 13.8 | 10.1 | 5.9 |
| Sep-2012 | 7 | 13.6 | 9.7 | 4.9 |
| Oct-2012 | 6.9 | 14.1 | 10 | 4.9 |
| Nov-2012 | 6.8 | 13.3 | 9.9 | 6.3 |
| Dec-2012 | 6.9 | 14 | 9.6 | 6.6 |
| Jan-2013 | 7.1 | 13.7 | 9.7 | 6.4 |
| Feb-2013 | 6.8 | 13.8 | 9.7 | 6 |
| Mar-2013 | 6.7 | 13 | 9.3 | 5.1 |
| Apr-2013 | 6.7 | 13.3 | 9 | 5.3 |
| May-2013 | 6.7 | 13.4 | 9 | 4.5 |
| Jun-2013 | 6.6 | 14.2 | 9.1 | 4.7 |
| Jul-2013 | 6.5 | 12.6 | 9.4 | 5.3 |
| Aug-2013 | 6.4 | 12.8 | 9.2 | 5.1 |
| Sep-2013 | 6.3 | 13 | 8.8 | 5.4 |
| Oct-2013 | 6.3 | 12.8 | 9.1 | 5.4 |
| Nov-2013 | 6.1 | 12.3 | 8.7 | 5.2 |
| Dec-2013 | 5.9 | 11.9 | 8.3 | 4.3 |
| Jan-2014 | 5.7 | 12.1 | 8.3 | 4.7 |
| Feb-2014 | 5.8 | 11.8 | 8.2 | 5.9 |
| Mar-2014 | 5.8 | 12.1 | 7.9 | 5.5 |
| Apr-2014 | 5.3 | 11.6 | 7.2 | 5.9 |
| May-2014 | 5.4 | 11.4 | 7.7 | 5.7 |
| Jun-2014 | 5.3 | 11 | 7.8 | 4.7 |
| Jul-2014 | 5.3 | 11.6 | 7.7 | 4.2 |
| Aug-2014 | 5.3 | 11.4 | 7.4 | 4.5 |
| Sep-2014 | 5.1 | 11 | 6.8 | 4.4 |
| Oct-2014 | 4.9 | 10.6 | 6.8 | 5.1 |
| Nov-2014 | 5 | 10.9 | 6.6 | 4.8 |
| Dec-2014 | 4.7 | 10.6 | 6.4 | 4.4 |
| Jan-2015 | 4.9 | 10.3 | 6.7 | 4 |
| Feb-2015 | 4.7 | 10.1 | 6.8 | 4 |
| Mar-2015 | 4.8 | 9.9 | 6.8 | 3.2 |
| Apr-2015 | 4.7 | 9.7 | 6.8 | 4.4 |
| May-2015 | 4.8 | 10.3 | 6.8 | 4.1 |
| Jun-2015 | 4.6 | 9.7 | 6.7 | 3.9 |
| Jul-2015 | 4.5 | 9.1 | 6.9 | 3.9 |
| Aug-2015 | 4.4 | 9.4 | 6.6 | 3.4 |
| Sep-2015 | 4.4 | 9.3 | 6.2 | 3.5 |
| Oct-2015 | 4.4 | 9 | 6.3 | 3.5 |
| Nov-2015 | 4.4 | 9.4 | 6.4 | 3.9 |
| Dec-2015 | 4.4 | 8.5 | 6.2 | 4.1 |
| Jan-2016 | 4.2 | 8.5 | 5.9 | 3.6 |
| Feb-2016 | 4.2 | 8.6 | 5.5 | 3.8 |
| Mar-2016 | 4.3 | 8.9 | 5.6 | 3.9 |
| Apr-2016 | 4.4 | 8.8 | 6.2 | 3.8 |
| May-2016 | 4.2 | 8.2 | 5.7 | 4.1 |
| Jun-2016 | 4.3 | 8.7 | 6 | 3.6 |
| Jul-2016 | 4.2 | 8.2 | 5.4 | 3.8 |
| Aug-2016 | 4.4 | 8 | 5.6 | 4.1 |
| Sep-2016 | 4.4 | 8.5 | 6.2 | 3.8 |
| Oct-2016 | 4.4 | 8.5 | 5.7 | 3.4 |
| Nov-2016 | 4.2 | 8.2 | 5.6 | 3.1 |
| Dec-2016 | 4.2 | 8 | 5.8 | 2.7 |
| Jan-2017 | 4.2 | 7.4 | 5.8 | 3.7 |
| Feb-2017 | 4 | 8 | 5.6 | 3.4 |
| Mar-2017 | 3.9 | 7.9 | 5 | 3.3 |
| Apr-2017 | 3.9 | 7.8 | 5.2 | 3.3 |
| May-2017 | 3.8 | 7.6 | 5.2 | 3.6 |
| Jun-2017 | 3.8 | 7.1 | 5 | 3.7 |
| Jul-2017 | 3.7 | 7.2 | 5.1 | 3.8 |
| Aug-2017 | 3.9 | 7.5 | 5.1 | 3.9 |
| Sep-2017 | 3.7 | 7.2 | 5.1 | 3.6 |
| Oct-2017 | 3.6 | 7.6 | 5 | 3 |
| Nov-2017 | 3.7 | 7.5 | 4.9 | 3 |
| Dec-2017 | 3.7 | 6.9 | 5 | 2.5 |
| Jan-2018 | 3.5 | 7.5 | 4.9 | 3 |
| Feb-2018 | 3.6 | 6.8 | 4.9 | 2.9 |
| Mar-2018 | 3.5 | 6.6 | 4.9 | 3.1 |
| Apr-2018 | 3.6 | 6.5 | 4.8 | 2.9 |
| May-2018 | 3.5 | 5.8 | 4.8 | 2.2 |
| Jun-2018 | 3.5 | 6.5 | 4.6 | 3.3 |
| Jul-2018 | 3.3 | 6.4 | 4.5 | 3.1 |
| Aug-2018 | 3.4 | 6.2 | 4.7 | 2.9 |
| Sep-2018 | 3.3 | 6.2 | 4.6 | 3.5 |
| Oct-2018 | 3.3 | 6.4 | 4.4 | 3.1 |
| Nov-2018 | 3.4 | 6.2 | 4.6 | 2.8 |
| Dec-2018 | 3.4 | 6.8 | 4.5 | 3.3 |
| Jan-2019 | 3.5 | 6.9 | 4.8 | 3 |
| Feb-2019 | 3.2 | 7 | 4.3 | 3.1 |
| Mar-2019 | 3.3 | 6.5 | 4.5 | 3.1 |
| Apr-2019 | 3.2 | 6.6 | 4.1 | 2.3 |
| May-2019 | 3.3 | 6.1 | 4.1 | 2.5 |
| Jun-2019 | 3.3 | 6 | 4.3 | 2.2 |
| Jul-2019 | 3.3 | 5.6 | 4.4 | 2.8 |
| Aug-2019 | 3.4 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 2.8 |
| Sep-2019 | 3.2 | 5.4 | 4 | 2.5 |
| Oct-2019 | 3.3 | 5.6 | 4.2 | 2.9 |
| Nov-2019 | 3.3 | 5.7 | 4.3 | 2.6 |
| Dec-2019 | 3.1 | 6.2 | 4.3 | 2.6 |
| Jan-2020 | 3 | 6.1 | 4.3 | 3.1 |
| Feb-2020 | 3 | 6 | 4.4 | 2.4 |
| Mar-2020 | 3.9 | 6.8 | 6 | 4.1 |
| Apr-2020 | 14.1 | 16.7 | 18.9 | 14.5 |
| May-2020 | 12.3 | 16.7 | 17.6 | 14.9 |
| Jun-2020 | 10.1 | 15.3 | 14.5 | 13.9 |
| Jul-2020 | 9.2 | 14.4 | 12.7 | 11.9 |
| Aug-2020 | 7.4 | 12.8 | 10.5 | 10.6 |
| Sep-2020 | 7 | 12 | 10.3 | 8.8 |
| Oct-2020 | 6 | 10.8 | 8.8 | 7.6 |
| Nov-2020 | 5.9 | 10.3 | 8.4 | 6.7 |
| Dec-2020 | 6 | 9.9 | 9.3 | 5.9 |
| Jan-2021 | 5.7 | 9.2 | 8.6 | 6.6 |
| Feb-2021 | 5.6 | 9.9 | 8.5 | 5.1 |
| Mar-2021 | 5.4 | 9.6 | 7.9 | 6 |
| Apr-2021 | 5.3 | 9.7 | 7.9 | 5.7 |
| May-2021 | 5.1 | 9.1 | 7.3 | 5.5 |
| Jun-2021 | 5.2 | 9.2 | 7.4 | 5.8 |
| Jul-2021 | 4.8 | 8.2 | 6.6 | 5.3 |
| Aug-2021 | 4.5 | 8.8 | 6.4 | 4.6 |
| Sep-2021 | 4.2 | 7.9 | 6.3 | 4.2 |
| Oct-2021 | 4 | 7.9 | 5.9 | 4.2 |
| Nov-2021 | 3.7 | 6.5 | 5.2 | 3.9 |
| Dec-2021 | 3.2 | 7.1 | 4.9 | 3.8 |
| Jan-2022 | 3.4 | 6.9 | 4.9 | 3.6 |
| Feb-2022 | 3.3 | 6.6 | 4.4 | 3.1 |
| Mar-2022 | 3.2 | 6.2 | 4.2 | 2.8 |
| Apr-2022 | 3.2 | 5.9 | 4.1 | 3.1 |
| May-2022 | 3.2 | 6.2 | 4.3 | 2.4 |
Notes: AAPI refers to Asian American and Pacific Islander. Race/ethnicity categories are mutually exclusive (i.e., white non-Hispanic, Black non-Hispanic, AAPI non-Hispanic, and Hispanic any race). Low-point and high-point of each series prior to the recovery from the Great Recession marked.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Population Survey, public data series.
Jobs Day
Employment-to-population ratio of workers ages 25–54, by gender, 1989–2022
| Date | Employment-to-population ratio, men | Employment-to-population ratio, women |
|---|---|---|
| Jan-1989 | 89.9 | 70.5 |
| Feb-1989 | 89.8 | 70.4 |
| Mar-1989 | 89.9 | 70.2 |
| Apr-1989 | 89.7 | 70.3 |
| May-1989 | 89.8 | 70.1 |
| Jun-1989 | 90 | 70.1 |
| Jul-1989 | 89.9 | 70 |
| Aug-1989 | 90 | 70.2 |
| Sep-1989 | 89.7 | 70.7 |
| Oct-1989 | 89.8 | 70.5 |
| Nov-1989 | 89.9 | 70.8 |
| Dec-1989 | 90 | 70.7 |
| Jan-1990 | 89.9 | 70.9 |
| Feb-1990 | 90.1 | 70.8 |
| Mar-1990 | 89.8 | 70.8 |
| Apr-1990 | 89.4 | 70.7 |
| May-1990 | 89.3 | 70.8 |
| Jun-1990 | 89.3 | 70.6 |
| Jul-1990 | 89 | 70.6 |
| Aug-1990 | 88.9 | 70.5 |
| Sep-1990 | 88.7 | 70.5 |
| Oct-1990 | 88.6 | 70.4 |
| Nov-1990 | 88.5 | 70.2 |
| Dec-1990 | 88.1 | 70.1 |
| Jan-1991 | 88.2 | 69.9 |
| Feb-1991 | 88 | 70.1 |
| Mar-1991 | 87.7 | 70 |
| Apr-1991 | 87.9 | 70.3 |
| May-1991 | 87.4 | 70.1 |
| Jun-1991 | 87.5 | 70.2 |
| Jul-1991 | 87.5 | 70.1 |
| Aug-1991 | 87.4 | 70 |
| Sep-1991 | 87.5 | 70.1 |
| Oct-1991 | 87.2 | 70 |
| Nov-1991 | 87.1 | 70 |
| Dec-1991 | 86.9 | 69.9 |
| Jan-1992 | 86.9 | 70.1 |
| Feb-1992 | 86.6 | 70 |
| Mar-1992 | 86.8 | 70 |
| Apr-1992 | 86.9 | 70.2 |
| May-1992 | 86.8 | 70.3 |
| Jun-1992 | 86.9 | 70.3 |
| Jul-1992 | 86.9 | 70.2 |
| Aug-1992 | 86.9 | 70.2 |
| Sep-1992 | 86.8 | 70.1 |
| Oct-1992 | 86.7 | 70 |
| Nov-1992 | 86.6 | 70.1 |
| Dec-1992 | 86.7 | 69.9 |
| Jan-1993 | 86.8 | 69.9 |
| Feb-1993 | 86.7 | 69.9 |
| Mar-1993 | 86.5 | 70.3 |
| Apr-1993 | 86.8 | 69.9 |
| May-1993 | 87 | 70.2 |
| Jun-1993 | 87.1 | 70.4 |
| Jul-1993 | 87.1 | 70.4 |
| Aug-1993 | 87.2 | 70.6 |
| Sep-1993 | 87.1 | 70.5 |
| Oct-1993 | 87.1 | 70.5 |
| Nov-1993 | 87.5 | 70.7 |
| Dec-1993 | 87.4 | 71 |
| Jan-1994 | 87.1 | 71 |
| Feb-1994 | 86.8 | 71.3 |
| Mar-1994 | 87 | 71.1 |
| Apr-1994 | 87.1 | 71.2 |
| May-1994 | 87.3 | 71.3 |
| Jun-1994 | 87 | 70.9 |
| Jul-1994 | 87 | 71.4 |
| Aug-1994 | 87 | 71.7 |
| Sep-1994 | 87.4 | 72.1 |
| Oct-1994 | 87.5 | 71.9 |
| Nov-1994 | 87.9 | 72 |
| Dec-1994 | 88 | 71.8 |
| Jan-1995 | 87.9 | 71.8 |
| Feb-1995 | 88.1 | 72.2 |
| Mar-1995 | 87.9 | 72.1 |
| Apr-1995 | 87.7 | 72.2 |
| May-1995 | 87.6 | 72.1 |
| Jun-1995 | 87.6 | 71.7 |
| Jul-1995 | 87.5 | 72.2 |
| Aug-1995 | 87.4 | 72.1 |
| Sep-1995 | 87.6 | 72.3 |
| Oct-1995 | 87.6 | 72.3 |
| Nov-1995 | 87.2 | 72.6 |
| Dec-1995 | 87.2 | 72.4 |
| Jan-1996 | 87.5 | 72.4 |
| Feb-1996 | 87.7 | 72.4 |
| Mar-1996 | 87.5 | 72.6 |
| Apr-1996 | 87.5 | 72.6 |
| May-1996 | 87.6 | 72.5 |
| Jun-1996 | 87.8 | 72.7 |
| Jul-1996 | 88.1 | 72.9 |
| Aug-1996 | 88.4 | 73 |
| Sep-1996 | 88.1 | 73 |
| Oct-1996 | 88.3 | 73.1 |
| Nov-1996 | 88.2 | 73 |
| Dec-1996 | 88.3 | 73 |
| Jan-1997 | 88.2 | 73.2 |
| Feb-1997 | 88.2 | 72.9 |
| Mar-1997 | 88.2 | 73.3 |
| Apr-1997 | 88.1 | 73.5 |
| May-1997 | 88.1 | 73.3 |
| Jun-1997 | 88.4 | 73.6 |
| Jul-1997 | 88.6 | 73.9 |
| Aug-1997 | 88.7 | 74.1 |
| Sep-1997 | 88.6 | 73.9 |
| Oct-1997 | 88.6 | 73.8 |
| Nov-1997 | 88.7 | 73.6 |
| Dec-1997 | 88.6 | 73.6 |
| Jan-1998 | 88.8 | 73.4 |
| Feb-1998 | 88.9 | 73.4 |
| Mar-1998 | 88.8 | 73.5 |
| Apr-1998 | 88.9 | 73.5 |
| May-1998 | 88.8 | 73.4 |
| Jun-1998 | 88.7 | 73.6 |
| Jul-1998 | 88.7 | 73.8 |
| Aug-1998 | 88.8 | 73.9 |
| Sep-1998 | 88.8 | 74 |
| Oct-1998 | 88.8 | 73.7 |
| Nov-1998 | 89.1 | 73.7 |
| Dec-1998 | 88.9 | 74 |
| Jan-1999 | 89.7 | 74.3 |
| Feb-1999 | 89.2 | 74.1 |
| Mar-1999 | 89.2 | 73.8 |
| Apr-1999 | 89.1 | 73.8 |
| May-1999 | 88.9 | 74.1 |
| Jun-1999 | 88.8 | 74.2 |
| Jul-1999 | 88.8 | 73.8 |
| Aug-1999 | 88.7 | 74.1 |
| Sep-1999 | 88.6 | 74.3 |
| Oct-1999 | 88.7 | 74.5 |
| Nov-1999 | 89 | 74.5 |
| Dec-1999 | 89 | 74.3 |
| Jan-2000 | 89.5 | 74.4 |
| Feb-2000 | 89.4 | 74.5 |
| Mar-2000 | 89.3 | 74.5 |
| Apr-2000 | 89.2 | 74.9 |
| May-2000 | 89 | 74.4 |
| Jun-2000 | 89.1 | 74.2 |
| Jul-2000 | 88.9 | 73.9 |
| Aug-2000 | 88.9 | 73.6 |
| Sep-2000 | 88.6 | 73.9 |
| Oct-2000 | 88.6 | 73.9 |
| Nov-2000 | 88.8 | 74.1 |
| Dec-2000 | 88.9 | 74.1 |
| Jan-2001 | 88.9 | 74.2 |
| Feb-2001 | 88.8 | 74.2 |
| Mar-2001 | 88.5 | 74.3 |
| Apr-2001 | 88.3 | 73.7 |
| May-2001 | 88.3 | 73.7 |
| Jun-2001 | 88.1 | 73.4 |
| Jul-2001 | 87.9 | 73.4 |
| Aug-2001 | 87.6 | 73.2 |
| Sep-2001 | 87.6 | 73.1 |
| Oct-2001 | 87.4 | 72.7 |
| Nov-2001 | 87 | 72.6 |
| Dec-2001 | 87.1 | 72.6 |
| Jan-2002 | 86.8 | 72.5 |
| Feb-2002 | 87.1 | 72.7 |
| Mar-2002 | 87 | 72.5 |
| Apr-2002 | 86.8 | 72.5 |
| May-2002 | 86.9 | 72.2 |
| Jun-2002 | 86.5 | 72.1 |
| Jul-2002 | 86.5 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2002 | 86.8 | 72.1 |
| Sep-2002 | 86.8 | 72.2 |
| Oct-2002 | 86.6 | 72.1 |
| Nov-2002 | 85.9 | 71.9 |
| Dec-2002 | 86 | 72.2 |
| Jan-2003 | 85.6 | 72.4 |
| Feb-2003 | 85.9 | 72.1 |
| Mar-2003 | 85.8 | 72.4 |
| Apr-2003 | 85.9 | 72.4 |
| May-2003 | 85.7 | 72.2 |
| Jun-2003 | 85.8 | 72.3 |
| Jul-2003 | 85.8 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2003 | 85.7 | 72 |
| Sep-2003 | 85.9 | 71.6 |
| Oct-2003 | 85.9 | 71.6 |
| Nov-2003 | 86 | 71.7 |
| Dec-2003 | 86.4 | 71.4 |
| Jan-2004 | 86.4 | 71.6 |
| Feb-2004 | 86.2 | 71.7 |
| Mar-2004 | 86 | 71.8 |
| Apr-2004 | 86.2 | 71.8 |
| May-2004 | 86.3 | 71.9 |
| Jun-2004 | 86.5 | 71.9 |
| Jul-2004 | 86.7 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2004 | 86.5 | 71.8 |
| Sep-2004 | 86.4 | 71.9 |
| Oct-2004 | 86.3 | 71.9 |
| Nov-2004 | 86.5 | 72 |
| Dec-2004 | 86.2 | 71.8 |
| Jan-2005 | 86.5 | 72 |
| Feb-2005 | 86.7 | 71.9 |
| Mar-2005 | 86.8 | 71.8 |
| Apr-2005 | 87 | 72 |
| May-2005 | 87.1 | 72.1 |
| Jun-2005 | 87 | 71.7 |
| Jul-2005 | 87 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2005 | 87.4 | 72.1 |
| Sep-2005 | 87 | 72.1 |
| Oct-2005 | 87 | 71.9 |
| Nov-2005 | 86.8 | 71.9 |
| Dec-2005 | 86.7 | 72.1 |
| Jan-2006 | 87.2 | 72.2 |
| Feb-2006 | 87.1 | 72.4 |
| Mar-2006 | 87.4 | 72.3 |
| Apr-2006 | 87.2 | 72.1 |
| May-2006 | 87.2 | 72.3 |
| Jun-2006 | 87.2 | 72.5 |
| Jul-2006 | 87.1 | 72.7 |
| Aug-2006 | 87.1 | 72.6 |
| Sep-2006 | 87.4 | 72.5 |
| Oct-2006 | 87.4 | 72.9 |
| Nov-2006 | 87.5 | 72.7 |
| Dec-2006 | 87.7 | 72.7 |
| Jan-2007 | 88 | 72.8 |
| Feb-2007 | 87.9 | 72.6 |
| Mar-2007 | 88 | 72.7 |
| Apr-2007 | 87.9 | 72.2 |
| May-2007 | 87.7 | 72.5 |
| Jun-2007 | 87.5 | 72.5 |
| Jul-2007 | 87.3 | 72.4 |
| Aug-2007 | 87.2 | 72.6 |
| Sep-2007 | 87.1 | 72.5 |
| Oct-2007 | 86.9 | 72.4 |
| Nov-2007 | 87.2 | 72.5 |
| Dec-2007 | 87.2 | 72.4 |
| Jan-2008 | 87.4 | 72.7 |
| Feb-2008 | 87.4 | 72.6 |
| Mar-2008 | 87.1 | 72.6 |
| Apr-2008 | 86.7 | 72.7 |
| May-2008 | 86.5 | 72.6 |
| Jun-2008 | 86.3 | 72.6 |
| Jul-2008 | 86.2 | 72.4 |
| Aug-2008 | 85.8 | 72.1 |
| Sep-2008 | 85.4 | 72.3 |
| Oct-2008 | 85.2 | 71.9 |
| Nov-2008 | 84.7 | 71.7 |
| Dec-2008 | 83.7 | 71.6 |
| Jan-2009 | 83.1 | 71.1 |
| Feb-2009 | 82.5 | 71 |
| Mar-2009 | 82 | 70.6 |
| Apr-2009 | 81.8 | 70.7 |
| May-2009 | 81.5 | 70.4 |
| Jun-2009 | 81.5 | 70.4 |
| Jul-2009 | 81.3 | 70.4 |
| Aug-2009 | 81.2 | 70 |
| Sep-2009 | 80.8 | 69.5 |
| Oct-2009 | 80.8 | 69.4 |
| Nov-2009 | 80.7 | 69.8 |
| Dec-2009 | 80.4 | 69.2 |
| Jan-2010 | 80.7 | 69.8 |
| Feb-2010 | 80.6 | 69.7 |
| Mar-2010 | 80.8 | 69.5 |
| Apr-2010 | 81.3 | 69.6 |
| May-2010 | 81.1 | 69.3 |
| Jun-2010 | 81.1 | 69.5 |
| Jul-2010 | 81.1 | 69.1 |
| Aug-2010 | 81.2 | 69 |
| Sep-2010 | 81.2 | 69.1 |
| Oct-2010 | 81.1 | 69 |
| Nov-2010 | 80.7 | 69.1 |
| Dec-2010 | 80.8 | 69.4 |
| Jan-2011 | 81.2 | 69.3 |
| Feb-2011 | 81.4 | 69 |
| Mar-2011 | 81.4 | 69.3 |
| Apr-2011 | 81.2 | 69.1 |
| May-2011 | 81.6 | 68.9 |
| Jun-2011 | 81.3 | 68.8 |
| Jul-2011 | 81.1 | 69 |
| Aug-2011 | 81.4 | 68.9 |
| Sep-2011 | 81.3 | 68.7 |
| Oct-2011 | 81.1 | 68.9 |
| Nov-2011 | 81.9 | 68.8 |
| Dec-2011 | 82.1 | 68.9 |
| Jan-2012 | 82.5 | 68.9 |
| Feb-2012 | 82.4 | 68.9 |
| Mar-2012 | 82.5 | 69.2 |
| Apr-2012 | 82.5 | 69.1 |
| May-2012 | 82.5 | 69.2 |
| Jun-2012 | 82.6 | 69 |
| Jul-2012 | 82.4 | 69.1 |
| Aug-2012 | 82.4 | 69.2 |
| Sep-2012 | 82.7 | 69.5 |
| Oct-2012 | 82.9 | 69.6 |
| Nov-2012 | 82.5 | 69.4 |
| Dec-2012 | 82.8 | 69.4 |
| Jan-2013 | 82.6 | 68.9 |
| Feb-2013 | 82.8 | 69 |
| Mar-2013 | 82.8 | 69 |
| Apr-2013 | 82.8 | 69.1 |
| May-2013 | 83 | 69.3 |
| Jun-2013 | 82.9 | 69.2 |
| Jul-2013 | 82.9 | 69.4 |
| Aug-2013 | 82.6 | 69.6 |
| Sep-2013 | 82.6 | 69.6 |
| Oct-2013 | 82.4 | 69 |
| Nov-2013 | 83 | 69.3 |
| Dec-2013 | 83 | 69.5 |
| Jan-2014 | 83.2 | 69.8 |
| Feb-2014 | 83 | 70.1 |
| Mar-2014 | 83.5 | 69.8 |
| Apr-2014 | 83.2 | 69.9 |
| May-2014 | 83.3 | 69.8 |
| Jun-2014 | 83.8 | 70.2 |
| Jul-2014 | 83.8 | 69.8 |
| Aug-2014 | 83.9 | 70.1 |
| Sep-2014 | 84.1 | 69.8 |
| Oct-2014 | 84 | 70.1 |
| Nov-2014 | 83.9 | 70.3 |
| Dec-2014 | 84.2 | 70.3 |
| Jan-2015 | 84.3 | 70.2 |
| Feb-2015 | 84.3 | 70.3 |
| Mar-2015 | 84.5 | 70 |
| Apr-2015 | 84.4 | 70.2 |
| May-2015 | 84.3 | 70.4 |
| Jun-2015 | 84.5 | 70.5 |
| Jul-2015 | 84.4 | 70.1 |
| Aug-2015 | 84.6 | 70.2 |
| Sep-2015 | 84.6 | 70.2 |
| Oct-2015 | 84.4 | 70.3 |
| Nov-2015 | 84.4 | 70.7 |
| Dec-2015 | 84.5 | 70.6 |
| Jan-2016 | 84.9 | 70.7 |
| Feb-2016 | 84.9 | 70.8 |
| Mar-2016 | 85.2 | 70.9 |
| Apr-2016 | 84.8 | 70.9 |
| May-2016 | 84.9 | 71 |
| Jun-2016 | 85.1 | 71 |
| Jul-2016 | 84.9 | 71.4 |
| Aug-2016 | 84.9 | 71.1 |
| Sep-2016 | 84.9 | 71.4 |
| Oct-2016 | 85 | 71.5 |
| Nov-2016 | 85 | 71.4 |
| Dec-2016 | 85 | 71.4 |
| Jan-2017 | 85.3 | 71.3 |
| Feb-2017 | 85.1 | 71.6 |
| Mar-2017 | 85.2 | 72 |
| Apr-2017 | 85.4 | 72 |
| May-2017 | 85.3 | 71.9 |
| Jun-2017 | 85.3 | 72.2 |
| Jul-2017 | 85.3 | 72.4 |
| Aug-2017 | 85 | 72.1 |
| Sep-2017 | 85.6 | 72.5 |
| Oct-2017 | 85.6 | 72.2 |
| Nov-2017 | 85.6 | 72.5 |
| Dec-2017 | 86 | 72.2 |
| Jan-2018 | 85.9 | 72.1 |
| Feb-2018 | 86.4 | 72.3 |
| Mar-2018 | 86.2 | 72.4 |
| Apr-2018 | 86.3 | 72.2 |
| May-2018 | 86.3 | 72.5 |
| Jun-2018 | 86.1 | 72.8 |
| Jul-2018 | 86.3 | 73.1 |
| Aug-2018 | 86 | 72.9 |
| Sep-2018 | 85.9 | 73.1 |
| Oct-2018 | 86.2 | 73.4 |
| Nov-2018 | 86.3 | 73.1 |
| Dec-2018 | 86 | 73.3 |
| Jan-2019 | 86.4 | 73.3 |
| Feb-2019 | 86.5 | 73.3 |
| Mar-2019 | 86.7 | 73.1 |
| Apr-2019 | 86.4 | 73.2 |
| May-2019 | 86.3 | 73.3 |
| Jun-2019 | 86.1 | 73.6 |
| Jul-2019 | 86.2 | 73.2 |
| Aug-2019 | 86.3 | 74 |
| Sep-2019 | 86.4 | 74.2 |
| Oct-2019 | 86.5 | 74.4 |
| Nov-2019 | 86.7 | 74.1 |
| Dec-2019 | 86.5 | 74.5 |
| Jan-2020 | 86.6 | 74.6 |
| Feb-2020 | 86.4 | 74.5 |
| Mar-2020 | 85.8 | 73.3 |
| Apr-2020 | 76 | 63.4 |
| May-2020 | 77.9 | 64.9 |
| Jun-2020 | 79.6 | 67.7 |
| Jul-2020 | 79.9 | 68.1 |
| Aug-2020 | 81.6 | 69.3 |
| Sep-2020 | 81.5 | 68.9 |
| Oct-2020 | 82.1 | 70.1 |
| Nov-2020 | 81.9 | 70.2 |
| Dec-2020 | 82.3 | 70.4 |
| Jan-2021 | 82.5 | 70.4 |
| Feb-2021 | 82.6 | 70.6 |
| Mar-2021 | 82.8 | 71 |
| Apr-2021 | 82.9 | 71.1 |
| May-2021 | 82.9 | 71.3 |
| Jun-2021 | 83.2 | 71.4 |
| Jul-2021 | 83.8 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2021 | 84 | 72 |
| Sep-2021 | 84.1 | 72 |
| Oct-2021 | 84.5 | 72.2 |
| Nov-2021 | 84.8 | 72.9 |
| Dec-2021 | 85.0 | 73.2 |
| Jan-2022 | 85.1 | 73.3 |
| Feb-2022 | 85.9 | 73.2 |
| Mar-2022 | 86.1 | 74.1 |
| Apr-2022 | 86.0 | 73.9 |
| May-2022 | 86 | 74.1 |
45
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Current Population Survey public data.