Economic Indicators Jobs and unemployment
Every month, the Bureau of Labor Statistics releases a report on the employment situation for the previous month. Their release includes data on job growth, unemployment, and wage growth, which gives us a snapshot of the health of the economy and whether it’s working for ordinary Americans.
Key numbers • July
3.5%
National unemployment rate
528,000
Net jobs in July
80%
Share of prime working-age population with a job
32,000
Number of jobs gained since February 2020
July
Jobs report: Jobs report doesn’t show signs of recession—yet—as labor market remains strong: The Fed should still be wary of raising interest rates much further
Below, EPI economists offer their initial insights on the jobs report released this morning, which showed 528,000 jobs added in July.
From EPI senior economist, Elise Gould (@eliselgould):
Read the full Twitter thread here.
Most job added in education and health services, leisure and hospitality, and professional and business services. Govt jobs increased in July, but remain nearly 600k below pre-pandemic levels, a troubling phenomenon for public sector workers and the vital services they provide. pic.twitter.com/kdVU4A0Tiu
— Elise Gould (@eliselgould) August 5, 2022
Year-over-year wage trends indicate moderating wage growth in recent months. The latest quarterly change (annualized) shows an increase in July, but it may be a blip in an otherwise downward trend and is almost surely still pulling down (not pushing up) inflation. pic.twitter.com/XvzjajJuE5
— Elise Gould (@eliselgould) August 5, 2022
As the overall unemployment rate ticked down to 3.5%, it was down to 2.6% for Asian workers, 3.1% for white workers, and 3.9% for Hispanic workers. Black unemployment–though a notably more volatile series–saw an increase, back up to 6.0% (with falling participation and EPOPs). pic.twitter.com/Dez9ADYI4r
— Elise Gould (@eliselgould) August 5, 2022
From EPI president, Heidi Shierholz (@hshierholz):
Read the full Twitter thread here.
It’s worth noting, however, that employment in the household (HH) survey has been essentially flat in recent months (the 3-month moving average of employment in the HH survey is down 54,000 since May). Why is that worth noting? 2/
— Heidi Shierholz (@hshierholz) August 5, 2022
The unemployment rate dropped to 3.5% in July, for a mix of good and bad reasons—the share of the working-age population with a job rose by 0.1 percentage points, but the labor force participation rate declined by 0.1 percentage points. 4/
— Heidi Shierholz (@hshierholz) August 5, 2022
Make no mistake, we generally want positive real wage growth for workers! But decelerating wage growth means the Fed doesn’t need more interest rate increases to contain inflation. 6/
— Heidi Shierholz (@hshierholz) August 5, 2022
There is still a giant gap in state and local govt jobs—they are down 605,000 since Feb ‘20, with close to half of that, 282,000, in education. It’s crucial that state and local govts use their ARPA funds to raise pay and refill those jobs. 8/
— Heidi Shierholz (@hshierholz) August 5, 2022
Charting jobs and unemployment
Current Employment Statistics Charts
The Current Employment Statistics (CES) program, also known as the establishment survey, is a monthly survey administered by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) which provides estimates of employment, hours, and earnings based on payroll records of approximately 131,000 businesses and government agencies.
Jobs day
Monthly change in payroll employment, January 2020–July 2022
| Date | Change in Employment |
|---|---|
| Jan-2020 | 339 |
| Feb-2020 | 376 |
| Mar-2020 | -1498 |
| Apr-2020 | -20493 |
| May-2020 | 2642 |
| Jun-2020 | 4505 |
| Jul-2020 | 1388 |
| Aug-2020 | 1665 |
| Sep-2020 | 919 |
| Oct-2020 | 647 |
| Nov-2020 | 333 |
| Dec-2020 | -115 |
| Jan-2021 | 520 |
| Feb-2021 | 710 |
| Mar-2021 | 704 |
| Apr-2021 | 263 |
| May-2021 | 447 |
| Jun-2021 | 557 |
| Jul-2021 | 689 |
| Aug-2021 | 517 |
| Sep-2021 | 424 |
| Oct-2021 | 677 |
| Nov-2021 | 647 |
| Dec-2021 | 588 |
| Jan-2022 | 504 |
| Feb-2022 | 714 |
| Mar-2022 | 398 |
| Apr-2022 | 368 |
| May-2022 | 386 |
| Jun-2022 | 398 |
| Jul-2022 | 528 |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Employment Statistics public data series.
Jobs day
Measuring the job shortfall since February 2020: Actual and counterfactual employment, January 2019–July 2022
| Actual nonfarm payroll employment | Employment if it had continued growing at the pre-recession level | Employment if it had grown with population growth since February 2020 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sep-2019 | 151.2 | ||
| Oct-2019 | 151.3 | ||
| Nov-2019 | 151.6 | ||
| Dec-2019 | 151.8 | ||
| Jan-2020 | 152.1 | ||
| Feb-2020 | 152.5 | 152.5 | 152.5 |
| Mar-2020 | 151.0 | 152.7 | 152.6 |
| Apr-2020 | 130.5 | 152.9 | 152.7 |
| May-2020 | 133.2 | 153.1 | 152.8 |
| Jun-2020 | 137.7 | 153.3 | 152.9 |
| Jul-2020 | 139.0 | 153.5 | 152.9 |
| Aug-2020 | 140.7 | 153.7 | 153.0 |
| Sep-2020 | 141.6 | 153.9 | 153.1 |
| Oct-2020 | 142.3 | 154.1 | 153.2 |
| Nov-2020 | 142.6 | 154.3 | 153.3 |
| Dec-2020 | 142.5 | 154.5 | 153.4 |
| Jan-2021 | 143.0 | 154.7 | 153.5 |
| Feb-2021 | 143.7 | 154.9 | 153.6 |
| Mar-2021 | 144.4 | 155.1 | 153.7 |
| Apr-2021 | 144.7 | 155.3 | 153.7 |
| May-2021 | 145.1 | 155.5 | 153.8 |
| Jun-2021 | 145.7 | 155.7 | 153.9 |
| Jul-2021 | 146.4 | 155.9 | 154.0 |
| Aug-2021 | 146.9 | 156.1 | 154.1 |
| Sep-2021 | 147.3 | 156.3 | 154.2 |
| Oct-2021 | 148.0 | 156.5 | 154.3 |
| Nov-2021 | 148.7 | 156.7 | 154.4 |
| Dec-2021 | 149.2 | 156.9 | 154.4 |
| Jan-2022 | 149.7 | 157.1 | 154.5 |
| Feb-2022 | 150.5 | 157.3 | 154.6 |
| Mar-2022 | 150.9 | 157.5 | 154.7 |
| Apr-2022 | 151.2 | 157.7 | 154.8 |
| May-2022 | 151.6 | 157.9 | 154.9 |
| Jun-2022 | 152.0 | 158.1 | 155.0 |
| Jul-2022 | 152.5 | 158.3 | 155.1 |
Notes: Payroll employment growth averaged 202,000 in the 12 months leading up to the pandemic recession. Population-adjusted employment growth applies population growth in the latest month since February 2020 to payroll employment and interpolates in the intervening years.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Population Survey public data series.
Figure
Federal fiscal relief at the scale of the problem led to a faster recovery from the pandemic recession: Private-sector employment change since business cycle peak, December 2007 and February 2020
| Months since peak | 2007 | 2020 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 100.00 | 100 |
| 2 | 100.00 | 98.8860174 |
| 3 | 99.91 | 83.7870781 |
| 4 | 99.84 | 86.1978785 |
| 5 | 99.63 | 89.6771456 |
| 6 | 99.45 | 90.6746384 |
| 7 | 99.27 | 91.6104147 |
| 8 | 99.06 | 92.3502411 |
| 9 | 98.82 | 92.9666345 |
| 10 | 98.45 | 93.2798457 |
| 11 | 98.02 | 93.1965284 |
| 12 | 97.39 | 93.5228544 |
| 13 | 96.78 | 94.0574735 |
| 14 | 96.09 | 94.55892 |
| 15 | 95.45 | 94.7224687 |
| 16 | 94.77 | 95.0163934 |
| 17 | 94.07 | 95.4082932 |
| 18 | 93.83 | 95.9004822 |
| 19 | 93.46 | 96.2838959 |
| 20 | 93.22 | 96.5994214 |
| 21 | 93.05 | 97.134812 |
| 22 | 92.91 | 97.6185149 |
| 23 | 92.68 | 98.0513018 |
| 24 | 92.68 | 98.4308582 |
| 25 | 92.49 | 98.9739634 |
| 26 | 92.49 | 99.270974 |
| 27 | 92.42 | 99.5548698 |
| 28 | 92.54 | 99.8102218 |
| 29 | 92.69 | 100.12189 |
| 30 | 92.79 | 100.485246 |
| 31 | 92.89 | |
| 32 | 92.97 | |
| 33 | 93.09 | |
| 34 | 93.19 | |
| 35 | 93.37 | |
| 36 | 93.49 | |
| 37 | 93.57 | |
| 38 | 93.59 | |
| 39 | 93.81 | |
| 40 | 94.04 | |
| 41 | 94.31 | |
| 42 | 94.45 | |
| 43 | 94.62 | |
| 44 | 94.77 | |
| 45 | 94.91 | |
| 46 | 95.14 | |
| 47 | 95.30 | |
| 48 | 95.44 | |
| 49 | 95.63 | |
| 50 | 95.94 | |
| 51 | 96.16 | |
| 52 | 96.37 | |
| 53 | 96.45 | |
| 54 | 96.56 | |
| 55 | 96.60 | |
| 56 | 96.75 | |
| 57 | 96.90 | |
| 58 | 97.05 | |
| 59 | 97.21 | |
| 60 | 97.36 | |
| 61 | 97.56 | |
| 62 | 97.74 | |
| 63 | 97.97 | |
| 64 | 98.10 | |
| 65 | 98.26 | |
| 66 | 98.46 | |
| 67 | 98.64 | |
| 68 | 98.75 | |
| 69 | 98.95 | |
| 70 | 99.11 | |
| 71 | 99.31 | |
| 72 | 99.52 | |
| 73 | 99.60 | |
| 74 | 99.76 | |
| 75 | 99.89 | |
| 76 | 100.10 |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Employment Statistics public data series.
Figure
Percent change in payrolls since February 2020, for all private and state and local government employment
| Date | Total private-sector employment | State and local government employment |
|---|---|---|
| Feb-2020 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Mar-2020 | -1.11% | -0.35% |
| Apr-2020 | -16.21% | -4.94% |
| May-2020 | -13.80% | -7.36% |
| Jun-2020 | -10.32% | -7.41% |
| Jul-2020 | -9.33% | -7.06% |
| Aug-2020 | -8.39% | -6.05% |
| Sep-2020 | -7.65% | -6.08% |
| Oct-2020 | -7.03% | -6.14% |
| Nov-2020 | -6.72% | -6.06% |
| Dec-2020 | -6.80% | -6.09% |
| Jan-2021 | -6.48% | -5.57% |
| Feb-2021 | -5.94% | -5.50% |
| Mar-2021 | -5.44% | -5.23% |
| Apr-2021 | -5.28% | -5.01% |
| May-2021 | -4.98% | -4.65% |
| Jun-2021 | -4.59% | -4.39% |
| Jul-2021 | -4.10% | -4.14% |
| Aug-2021 | -3.72% | -4.04% |
| Sep-2021 | -3.40% | -3.96% |
| Oct-2021 | -2.87% | -4.02% |
| Nov-2021 | -2.38% | -3.94% |
| Dec-2021 | -1.95% | -3.76% |
| Jan-2022 | -1.57% | -3.72% |
| Feb-2022 | -1.03% | -3.66% |
| Mar-2022 | -0.73% | -3.59% |
| Apr-2022 | -0.45% | -3.54% |
| May-2022 | -0.19% | -3.27% |
| Jun-2022 | 0.12% | -3.26% |
| Jul-2022 | 0.49% | -3.02% |
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics' (BLS) Current Employment Statistics, Establishment Survey (CES) public data series.
Figure
Employment change by industry (thousands) between June and July 2022
| Industry | Employment change, one month |
|---|---|
| Education and health services | 122 |
| Leisure and hospitality | 96 |
| Professional and business services | 89 |
| Government | 57 |
| Construction | 32 |
| Manufacturing | 30 |
| Retail services | 22 |
| Transportation and warehousing | 21 |
| Other services | 15 |
| Information | 13 |
| Financial activities | 13 |
| Wholesale trade | 11 |
| Mining and logging | 7 |
| Utilities | 0 |
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics' (BLS) Current Employment Statistics, Establishment Survey (CES) public data series.
Figure
Employment change by industry since February 2020: All employees (thousands), seasonally adjusted, July 2022
| Industry | Employment change since February 2020 |
|---|---|
| Professional and business services | 986 |
| Transportation and warehousing | 744.8 |
| Retail services | 207.799999999999 |
| Information | 117 |
| Financial activities | 95 |
| Construction | 82 |
| Manufacturing | 41 |
| Utilities | -5.5 |
| Wholesale trade | -20.6000000000004 |
| Mining and logging | -51 |
| Education and health services | -103 |
| Other services | -251 |
| Government | -597 |
| Leisure and hospitality | -1214 |
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics' (BLS) Current Employment Statistics, Establishment Survey (CES) public data series.
Nominal Wage Tracker
Year-over-year change in private-sector nominal average hourly earnings, 2007–2022
| Date | All nonfarm employees | Production/nonsupervisory workers |
|---|---|---|
| Mar-2007 | 3.39% | 4.11% |
| Apr-2007 | 3.13% | 3.85% |
| May-2007 | 3.53% | 4.08% |
| Jun-2007 | 3.61% | 4.19% |
| Jul-2007 | 3.20% | 4.11% |
| Aug-2007 | 3.35% | 4.04% |
| Sep-2007 | 3.09% | 4.09% |
| Oct-2007 | 3.03% | 3.84% |
| Nov-2007 | 3.13% | 3.89% |
| Dec-2007 | 2.97% | 3.81% |
| Jan-2008 | 2.86% | 3.74% |
| Feb-2008 | 2.80% | 3.79% |
| Mar-2008 | 3.09% | 3.83% |
| Apr-2008 | 2.84% | 3.76% |
| May-2008 | 3.02% | 3.75% |
| Jun-2008 | 2.72% | 3.50% |
| Jul-2008 | 3.05% | 3.67% |
| Aug-2008 | 3.33% | 3.89% |
| Sep-2008 | 3.23% | 3.64% |
| Oct-2008 | 3.32% | 3.81% |
| Nov-2008 | 3.60% | 3.86% |
| Dec-2008 | 3.59% | 3.90% |
| Jan-2009 | 3.68% | 3.78% |
| Feb-2009 | 3.43% | 3.60% |
| Mar-2009 | 3.28% | 3.47% |
| Apr-2009 | 3.32% | 3.35% |
| May-2009 | 2.93% | 3.06% |
| Jun-2009 | 2.83% | 2.94% |
| Jul-2009 | 2.73% | 2.71% |
| Aug-2009 | 2.44% | 2.70% |
| Sep-2009 | 2.49% | 2.75% |
| Oct-2009 | 2.48% | 2.68% |
| Nov-2009 | 2.19% | 2.68% |
| Dec-2009 | 1.91% | 2.45% |
| Jan-2010 | 2.00% | 2.61% |
| Feb-2010 | 2.09% | 2.55% |
| Mar-2010 | 1.77% | 2.22% |
| Apr-2010 | 1.81% | 2.38% |
| May-2010 | 1.95% | 2.59% |
| Jun-2010 | 1.81% | 2.48% |
| Jul-2010 | 1.85% | 2.42% |
| Aug-2010 | 1.75% | 2.36% |
| Sep-2010 | 1.84% | 2.19% |
| Oct-2010 | 1.97% | 2.45% |
| Nov-2010 | 1.65% | 2.18% |
| Dec-2010 | 1.79% | 2.07% |
| Jan-2011 | 1.96% | 2.33% |
| Feb-2011 | 1.87% | 2.12% |
| Mar-2011 | 1.87% | 2.12% |
| Apr-2011 | 1.91% | 2.11% |
| May-2011 | 2.04% | 2.10% |
| Jun-2011 | 2.13% | 2.05% |
| Jul-2011 | 2.26% | 2.26% |
| Aug-2011 | 1.99% | 1.88% |
| Sep-2011 | 1.94% | 1.94% |
| Oct-2011 | 2.02% | 1.88% |
| Nov-2011 | 2.02% | 1.82% |
| Dec-2011 | 1.98% | 1.77% |
| Jan-2012 | 1.71% | 1.40% |
| Feb-2012 | 1.75% | 1.45% |
| Mar-2012 | 2.14% | 1.71% |
| Apr-2012 | 2.05% | 1.65% |
| May-2012 | 1.74% | 1.39% |
| Jun-2012 | 1.96% | 1.60% |
| Jul-2012 | 1.77% | 1.39% |
| Aug-2012 | 1.82% | 1.39% |
| Sep-2012 | 1.99% | 1.54% |
| Oct-2012 | 1.55% | 1.18% |
| Nov-2012 | 1.90% | 1.43% |
| Dec-2012 | 2.24% | 1.74% |
| Jan-2013 | 2.24% | 1.79% |
| Feb-2013 | 2.15% | 2.04% |
| Mar-2013 | 1.93% | 1.88% |
| Apr-2013 | 2.05% | 1.83% |
| May-2013 | 2.14% | 1.88% |
| Jun-2013 | 2.17% | 2.03% |
| Jul-2013 | 2.00% | 2.03% |
| Aug-2013 | 2.30% | 2.18% |
| Sep-2013 | 2.08% | 2.28% |
| Oct-2013 | 2.25% | 2.32% |
| Nov-2013 | 2.24% | 2.37% |
| Dec-2013 | 1.85% | 2.21% |
| Jan-2014 | 1.89% | 2.26% |
| Feb-2014 | 2.31% | 2.55% |
| Mar-2014 | 2.10% | 2.45% |
| Apr-2014 | 1.97% | 2.40% |
| May-2014 | 2.13% | 2.44% |
| Jun-2014 | 2.00% | 2.24% |
| Jul-2014 | 2.09% | 2.33% |
| Aug-2014 | 2.21% | 2.48% |
| Sep-2014 | 2.08% | 2.17% |
| Oct-2014 | 2.03% | 2.22% |
| Nov-2014 | 2.03% | 2.22% |
| Dec-2014 | 1.99% | 1.77% |
| Jan-2015 | 2.15% | 2.01% |
| Feb-2015 | 1.89% | 1.46% |
| Mar-2015 | 2.18% | 1.85% |
| Apr-2015 | 2.26% | 1.90% |
| May-2015 | 2.30% | 2.19% |
| Jun-2015 | 2.17% | 2.14% |
| Jul-2015 | 2.17% | 2.04% |
| Aug-2015 | 2.20% | 1.98% |
| Sep-2015 | 2.24% | 2.13% |
| Oct-2015 | 2.52% | 2.37% |
| Nov-2015 | 2.39% | 2.12% |
| Dec-2015 | 2.52% | 2.61% |
| Jan-2016 | 2.55% | 2.45% |
| Feb-2016 | 2.46% | 2.60% |
| Mar-2016 | 2.46% | 2.49% |
| Apr-2016 | 2.57% | 2.63% |
| May-2016 | 2.44% | 2.29% |
| Jun-2016 | 2.60% | 2.48% |
| Jul-2016 | 2.72% | 2.62% |
| Aug-2016 | 2.47% | 2.47% |
| Sep-2016 | 2.63% | 2.51% |
| Oct-2016 | 2.70% | 2.45% |
| Nov-2016 | 2.65% | 2.45% |
| Dec-2016 | 2.65% | 2.50% |
| Jan-2017 | 2.64% | 2.35% |
| Feb-2017 | 2.72% | 2.48% |
| Mar-2017 | 2.59% | 2.24% |
| Apr-2017 | 2.51% | 2.19% |
| May-2017 | 2.50% | 2.28% |
| Jun-2017 | 2.46% | 2.28% |
| Jul-2017 | 2.57% | 2.27% |
| Aug-2017 | 2.53% | 2.31% |
| Sep-2017 | 2.79% | 2.50% |
| Oct-2017 | 2.36% | 2.12% |
| Nov-2017 | 2.43% | 2.35% |
| Dec-2017 | 2.74% | 2.43% |
| Jan-2018 | 2.69% | 2.66% |
| Feb-2018 | 2.57% | 2.51% |
| Mar-2018 | 2.83% | 2.83% |
| Apr-2018 | 2.75% | 2.74% |
| May-2018 | 2.90% | 2.87% |
| Jun-2018 | 2.93% | 2.91% |
| Jul-2018 | 2.85% | 2.85% |
| Aug-2018 | 3.19% | 3.08% |
| Sep-2018 | 3.10% | 3.02% |
| Oct-2018 | 3.28% | 3.29% |
| Nov-2018 | 3.35% | 3.42% |
| Dec-2018 | 3.41% | 3.59% |
| Jan-2019 | 3.25% | 3.35% |
| Feb-2019 | 3.55% | 3.57% |
| Mar-2019 | 3.54% | 3.60% |
| Apr-2019 | 3.31% | 3.51% |
| May-2019 | 3.26% | 3.54% |
| Jun-2019 | 3.37% | 3.53% |
| Jul-2019 | 3.43% | 3.70% |
| Aug-2019 | 3.38% | 3.69% |
| Sep-2019 | 3.08% | 3.63% |
| Oct-2019 | 3.18% | 3.71% |
| Nov-2019 | 3.35% | 3.57% |
| Dec-2019 | 2.94% | 3.20% |
| Jan-2020 | 3.01% | 3.33% |
| Feb-2020 | 3.10% | 3.49% |
| Mar-2020 | 3.56% | 3.78% |
| Apr-2020 | 8.03% | 7.72% |
| May-2020 | 6.68% | 6.80% |
| Jun-2020 | 5.08% | 5.67% |
| Jul-2020 | 4.92% | 4.93% |
| Aug-2020 | 4.80% | 5.04% |
| Sep-2020 | 4.83% | 4.73% |
| Oct-2020 | 4.61% | 4.59% |
| Nov-2020 | 4.59% | 4.66% |
| Dec-2020 | 5.46% | 5.62% |
| Jan-2021 | 5.28% | 5.31% |
| Feb-2021 | 5.18% | 5.12% |
| Mar-2021 | 4.41% | 4.80% |
| Apr-2021 | 0.63% | 1.47% |
| May-2021 | 2.19% | 2.76% |
| Jun-2021 | 3.95% | 4.11% |
| Jul-2021 | 4.28% | 5.10% |
| Aug-2021 | 4.34% | 5.20% |
| Sep-2021 | 4.78% | 5.89% |
| Oct-2021 | 5.35% | 6.36% |
| Nov-2021 | 5.33% | 6.54% |
| Dec-2021 | 4.88% | 6.20% |
| Jan-2022 | 5.45% | 6.71% |
| Feb-2022 | 5.19% | 6.69% |
| Mar-2022 | 5.62% | 6.75% |
| Apr-2022 | 5.50% | 6.63% |
| May-2022 | 5.34% | 6.43% |
| Jun-2022 | 5.24% | 6.39% |
| Jul-2022 | 5.22% | 6.20% |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Employment Statistics public data series.
Jobs day
Nominal wage growth in average hourly earnings for all workers, year-over-year monthly and annualized quarterly changes
| Year-over-year change | Annualized quarterly change | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan-2019 | 3.3% | 3.5% |
| Feb-2019 | 3.6% | 3.8% |
| Mar-2019 | 3.5% | 3.7% |
| Apr-2019 | 3.3% | 3.4% |
| May-2019 | 3.3% | 2.8% |
| Jun-2019 | 3.4% | 2.3% |
| Jul-2019 | 3.4% | 2.6% |
| Aug-2019 | 3.4% | 3.3% |
| Sep-2019 | 3.1% | 3.6% |
| Oct-2019 | 3.2% | 3.3% |
| Nov-2019 | 3.4% | 3.0% |
| Dec-2019 | 2.9% | 3.1% |
| Jan-2020 | 3.0% | 3.1% |
| Feb-2020 | 3.1% | 3.0% |
| Mar-2020 | 3.6% | 4.0% |
| Apr-2020 | 8.0% | 10.8% |
| May-2020 | 6.7% | 15.6% |
| Jun-2020 | 5.1% | 16.3% |
| Jul-2020 | 4.9% | 5.2% |
| Aug-2020 | 4.8% | -1.2% |
| Sep-2020 | 4.8% | -3.0% |
| Oct-2020 | 4.6% | 0.2% |
| Nov-2020 | 4.6% | 2.0% |
| Dec-2020 | 5.5% | 3.2% |
| Jan-2021 | 5.3% | 4.5% |
| Feb-2021 | 5.2% | 5.5% |
| Mar-2021 | 4.4% | 4.2% |
| Apr-2021 | 0.6% | 3.6% |
| May-2021 | 2.2% | 3.3% |
| Jun-2021 | 4.0% | 4.7% |
| Jul-2021 | 4.3% | 5.7% |
| Aug-2021 | 4.3% | 6.0% |
| Sep-2021 | 4.8% | 5.7% |
| Oct-2021 | 5.4% | 5.5% |
| Nov-2021 | 5.3% | 5.8% |
| Dec-2021 | 4.9% | 6.1% |
| Jan-2022 | 5.4% | 6.1% |
| Feb-2022 | 5.2% | 5.6% |
| Mar-2022 | 5.6% | 5.2% |
| Apr-2022 | 5.5% | 4.5% |
| May-2022 | 5.3% | 4.5% |
| Jun-2022 | 5.2% | 4.5% |
| Jul-2022 | 5.2% | 5.0% |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Employment Statistics public data series
Current Population Survey Charts
The Current Population Survey (CPS), also known as the household survey, is sponsored jointly by the Census Bureau and the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Each month, it provides data on the labor force, employment, unemployment, persons not in the labor force, hours of work, earnings, and other demographic and labor force characteristics.
Jobs Day
Employment-to-population ratio of workers ages 25–54, 1989–2022
| Date | Employment to population ratio |
|---|---|
| Jan-1989 | 80.0% |
| Feb-1989 | 79.9% |
| Mar-1989 | 79.9% |
| Apr-1989 | 79.8% |
| May-1989 | 79.8% |
| Jun-1989 | 79.8% |
| Jul-1989 | 79.8% |
| Aug-1989 | 79.9% |
| Sep-1989 | 80.0% |
| Oct-1989 | 79.9% |
| Nov-1989 | 80.2% |
| Dec-1989 | 80.1% |
| Jan-1990 | 80.2% |
| Feb-1990 | 80.2% |
| Mar-1990 | 80.1% |
| Apr-1990 | 79.9% |
| May-1990 | 79.9% |
| Jun-1990 | 79.8% |
| Jul-1990 | 79.6% |
| Aug-1990 | 79.5% |
| Sep-1990 | 79.4% |
| Oct-1990 | 79.4% |
| Nov-1990 | 79.2% |
| Dec-1990 | 79.0% |
| Jan-1991 | 78.9% |
| Feb-1991 | 78.9% |
| Mar-1991 | 78.7% |
| Apr-1991 | 79.0% |
| May-1991 | 78.6% |
| Jun-1991 | 78.7% |
| Jul-1991 | 78.6% |
| Aug-1991 | 78.5% |
| Sep-1991 | 78.6% |
| Oct-1991 | 78.5% |
| Nov-1991 | 78.4% |
| Dec-1991 | 78.3% |
| Jan-1992 | 78.4% |
| Feb-1992 | 78.2% |
| Mar-1992 | 78.2% |
| Apr-1992 | 78.4% |
| May-1992 | 78.4% |
| Jun-1992 | 78.5% |
| Jul-1992 | 78.4% |
| Aug-1992 | 78.4% |
| Sep-1992 | 78.3% |
| Oct-1992 | 78.2% |
| Nov-1992 | 78.2% |
| Dec-1992 | 78.2% |
| Jan-1993 | 78.2% |
| Feb-1993 | 78.1% |
| Mar-1993 | 78.2% |
| Apr-1993 | 78.2% |
| May-1993 | 78.5% |
| Jun-1993 | 78.6% |
| Jul-1993 | 78.6% |
| Aug-1993 | 78.8% |
| Sep-1993 | 78.6% |
| Oct-1993 | 78.7% |
| Nov-1993 | 79.0% |
| Dec-1993 | 79.0% |
| Jan-1994 | 78.9% |
| Feb-1994 | 78.9% |
| Mar-1994 | 78.9% |
| Apr-1994 | 79.0% |
| May-1994 | 79.2% |
| Jun-1994 | 78.8% |
| Jul-1994 | 79.1% |
| Aug-1994 | 79.2% |
| Sep-1994 | 79.6% |
| Oct-1994 | 79.6% |
| Nov-1994 | 79.8% |
| Dec-1994 | 79.8% |
| Jan-1995 | 79.7% |
| Feb-1995 | 80.0% |
| Mar-1995 | 79.9% |
| Apr-1995 | 79.8% |
| May-1995 | 79.7% |
| Jun-1995 | 79.5% |
| Jul-1995 | 79.7% |
| Aug-1995 | 79.6% |
| Sep-1995 | 79.8% |
| Oct-1995 | 79.8% |
| Nov-1995 | 79.7% |
| Dec-1995 | 79.7% |
| Jan-1996 | 79.8% |
| Feb-1996 | 79.9% |
| Mar-1996 | 79.9% |
| Apr-1996 | 79.9% |
| May-1996 | 80.0% |
| Jun-1996 | 80.1% |
| Jul-1996 | 80.4% |
| Aug-1996 | 80.5% |
| Sep-1996 | 80.4% |
| Oct-1996 | 80.6% |
| Nov-1996 | 80.5% |
| Dec-1996 | 80.5% |
| Jan-1997 | 80.5% |
| Feb-1997 | 80.4% |
| Mar-1997 | 80.6% |
| Apr-1997 | 80.7% |
| May-1997 | 80.6% |
| Jun-1997 | 80.9% |
| Jul-1997 | 81.1% |
| Aug-1997 | 81.3% |
| Sep-1997 | 81.1% |
| Oct-1997 | 81.1% |
| Nov-1997 | 81.0% |
| Dec-1997 | 81.0% |
| Jan-1998 | 81.0% |
| Feb-1998 | 81.0% |
| Mar-1998 | 81.0% |
| Apr-1998 | 81.1% |
| May-1998 | 81.0% |
| Jun-1998 | 81.0% |
| Jul-1998 | 81.1% |
| Aug-1998 | 81.2% |
| Sep-1998 | 81.3% |
| Oct-1998 | 81.1% |
| Nov-1998 | 81.2% |
| Dec-1998 | 81.3% |
| Jan-1999 | 81.8% |
| Feb-1999 | 81.5% |
| Mar-1999 | 81.3% |
| Apr-1999 | 81.3% |
| May-1999 | 81.4% |
| Jun-1999 | 81.4% |
| Jul-1999 | 81.2% |
| Aug-1999 | 81.3% |
| Sep-1999 | 81.3% |
| Oct-1999 | 81.5% |
| Nov-1999 | 81.6% |
| Dec-1999 | 81.5% |
| Jan-2000 | 81.8% |
| Feb-2000 | 81.8% |
| Mar-2000 | 81.7% |
| Apr-2000 | 81.9% |
| May-2000 | 81.5% |
| Jun-2000 | 81.5% |
| Jul-2000 | 81.3% |
| Aug-2000 | 81.1% |
| Sep-2000 | 81.1% |
| Oct-2000 | 81.1% |
| Nov-2000 | 81.3% |
| Dec-2000 | 81.4% |
| Jan-2001 | 81.4% |
| Feb-2001 | 81.3% |
| Mar-2001 | 81.3% |
| Apr-2001 | 80.9% |
| May-2001 | 80.8% |
| Jun-2001 | 80.6% |
| Jul-2001 | 80.5% |
| Aug-2001 | 80.2% |
| Sep-2001 | 80.2% |
| Oct-2001 | 79.9% |
| Nov-2001 | 79.7% |
| Dec-2001 | 79.8% |
| Jan-2002 | 79.6% |
| Feb-2002 | 79.8% |
| Mar-2002 | 79.6% |
| Apr-2002 | 79.5% |
| May-2002 | 79.4% |
| Jun-2002 | 79.2% |
| Jul-2002 | 79.1% |
| Aug-2002 | 79.3% |
| Sep-2002 | 79.4% |
| Oct-2002 | 79.2% |
| Nov-2002 | 78.8% |
| Dec-2002 | 79.0% |
| Jan-2003 | 78.9% |
| Feb-2003 | 78.9% |
| Mar-2003 | 79.0% |
| Apr-2003 | 79.1% |
| May-2003 | 78.9% |
| Jun-2003 | 78.9% |
| Jul-2003 | 78.8% |
| Aug-2003 | 78.7% |
| Sep-2003 | 78.6% |
| Oct-2003 | 78.6% |
| Nov-2003 | 78.7% |
| Dec-2003 | 78.8% |
| Jan-2004 | 78.9% |
| Feb-2004 | 78.8% |
| Mar-2004 | 78.7% |
| Apr-2004 | 78.9% |
| May-2004 | 79.0% |
| Jun-2004 | 79.1% |
| Jul-2004 | 79.2% |
| Aug-2004 | 79.0% |
| Sep-2004 | 79.0% |
| Oct-2004 | 79.0% |
| Nov-2004 | 79.1% |
| Dec-2004 | 78.9% |
| Jan-2005 | 79.2% |
| Feb-2005 | 79.2% |
| Mar-2005 | 79.2% |
| Apr-2005 | 79.4% |
| May-2005 | 79.5% |
| Jun-2005 | 79.2% |
| Jul-2005 | 79.4% |
| Aug-2005 | 79.6% |
| Sep-2005 | 79.4% |
| Oct-2005 | 79.3% |
| Nov-2005 | 79.2% |
| Dec-2005 | 79.3% |
| Jan-2006 | 79.6% |
| Feb-2006 | 79.7% |
| Mar-2006 | 79.8% |
| Apr-2006 | 79.6% |
| May-2006 | 79.7% |
| Jun-2006 | 79.8% |
| Jul-2006 | 79.8% |
| Aug-2006 | 79.8% |
| Sep-2006 | 79.9% |
| Oct-2006 | 80.1% |
| Nov-2006 | 80.0% |
| Dec-2006 | 80.1% |
| Jan-2007 | 80.3% |
| Feb-2007 | 80.1% |
| Mar-2007 | 80.2% |
| Apr-2007 | 80.0% |
| May-2007 | 80.0% |
| Jun-2007 | 79.9% |
| Jul-2007 | 79.8% |
| Aug-2007 | 79.8% |
| Sep-2007 | 79.7% |
| Oct-2007 | 79.6% |
| Nov-2007 | 79.7% |
| Dec-2007 | 79.7% |
| Jan-2008 | 80.0% |
| Feb-2008 | 79.9% |
| Mar-2008 | 79.8% |
| Apr-2008 | 79.6% |
| May-2008 | 79.5% |
| Jun-2008 | 79.4% |
| Jul-2008 | 79.2% |
| Aug-2008 | 78.8% |
| Sep-2008 | 78.8% |
| Oct-2008 | 78.4% |
| Nov-2008 | 78.1% |
| Dec-2008 | 77.6% |
| Jan-2009 | 77.0% |
| Feb-2009 | 76.7% |
| Mar-2009 | 76.2% |
| Apr-2009 | 76.2% |
| May-2009 | 75.9% |
| Jun-2009 | 75.9% |
| Jul-2009 | 75.8% |
| Aug-2009 | 75.6% |
| Sep-2009 | 75.1% |
| Oct-2009 | 75.0% |
| Nov-2009 | 75.2% |
| Dec-2009 | 74.8% |
| Jan-2010 | 75.1% |
| Feb-2010 | 75.1% |
| Mar-2010 | 75.1% |
| Apr-2010 | 75.4% |
| May-2010 | 75.1% |
| Jun-2010 | 75.2% |
| Jul-2010 | 75.1% |
| Aug-2010 | 75.0% |
| Sep-2010 | 75.1% |
| Oct-2010 | 75.0% |
| Nov-2010 | 74.8% |
| Dec-2010 | 75.0% |
| Jan-2011 | 75.2% |
| Feb-2011 | 75.1% |
| Mar-2011 | 75.3% |
| Apr-2011 | 75.1% |
| May-2011 | 75.2% |
| Jun-2011 | 75.0% |
| Jul-2011 | 75.0% |
| Aug-2011 | 75.1% |
| Sep-2011 | 74.9% |
| Oct-2011 | 74.9% |
| Nov-2011 | 75.3% |
| Dec-2011 | 75.4% |
| Jan-2012 | 75.5% |
| Feb-2012 | 75.5% |
| Mar-2012 | 75.7% |
| Apr-2012 | 75.7% |
| May-2012 | 75.7% |
| Jun-2012 | 75.6% |
| Jul-2012 | 75.6% |
| Aug-2012 | 75.7% |
| Sep-2012 | 76.0% |
| Oct-2012 | 76.1% |
| Nov-2012 | 75.8% |
| Dec-2012 | 76.0% |
| Jan-2013 | 75.6% |
| Feb-2013 | 75.8% |
| Mar-2013 | 75.8% |
| Apr-2013 | 75.8% |
| May-2013 | 76.0% |
| Jun-2013 | 75.9% |
| Jul-2013 | 76.0% |
| Aug-2013 | 76.0% |
| Sep-2013 | 76.0% |
| Oct-2013 | 75.6% |
| Nov-2013 | 76.1% |
| Dec-2013 | 76.1% |
| Jan-2014 | 76.4% |
| Feb-2014 | 76.4% |
| Mar-2014 | 76.5% |
| Apr-2014 | 76.5% |
| May-2014 | 76.4% |
| Jun-2014 | 76.9% |
| Jul-2014 | 76.7% |
| Aug-2014 | 76.9% |
| Sep-2014 | 76.8% |
| Oct-2014 | 76.9% |
| Nov-2014 | 76.9% |
| Dec-2014 | 77.1% |
| Jan-2015 | 77.1% |
| Feb-2015 | 77.2% |
| Mar-2015 | 77.1% |
| Apr-2015 | 77.2% |
| May-2015 | 77.2% |
| Jun-2015 | 77.4% |
| Jul-2015 | 77.1% |
| Aug-2015 | 77.3% |
| Sep-2015 | 77.2% |
| Oct-2015 | 77.2% |
| Nov-2015 | 77.4% |
| Dec-2015 | 77.4% |
| Jan-2016 | 77.7% |
| Feb-2016 | 77.8% |
| Mar-2016 | 77.9% |
| Apr-2016 | 77.8% |
| May-2016 | 77.9% |
| Jun-2016 | 77.9% |
| Jul-2016 | 78.0% |
| Aug-2016 | 77.9% |
| Sep-2016 | 78.0% |
| Oct-2016 | 78.1% |
| Nov-2016 | 78.1% |
| Dec-2016 | 78.1% |
| Jan-2017 | 78.2% |
| Feb-2017 | 78.3% |
| Mar-2017 | 78.5% |
| Apr-2017 | 78.6% |
| May-2017 | 78.5% |
| Jun-2017 | 78.6% |
| Jul-2017 | 78.8% |
| Aug-2017 | 78.4% |
| Sep-2017 | 79.0% |
| Oct-2017 | 78.7% |
| Nov-2017 | 78.9% |
| Dec-2017 | 79.0% |
| Jan-2018 | 78.9% |
| Feb-2018 | 79.3% |
| Mar-2018 | 79.2% |
| Apr-2018 | 79.2% |
| May-2018 | 79.4% |
| Jun-2018 | 79.4% |
| Jul-2018 | 79.6% |
| Aug-2018 | 79.3% |
| Sep-2018 | 79.4% |
| Oct-2018 | 79.6% |
| Nov-2018 | 79.6% |
| Dec-2018 | 79.5% |
| Jan-2019 | 79.8% |
| Feb-2019 | 79.9% |
| Mar-2019 | 79.8% |
| Apr-2019 | 79.8% |
| May-2019 | 79.8% |
| Jun-2019 | 79.8% |
| Jul-2019 | 79.6% |
| Aug-2019 | 80.0% |
| Sep-2019 | 80.3% |
| Oct-2019 | 80.3% |
| Nov-2019 | 80.2% |
| Dec-2019 | 80.3% |
| Jan-2020 | 80.5% |
| Feb-2020 | 80.5% |
| Mar-2020 | 79.5% |
| Apr-2020 | 69.6% |
| May-2020 | 71.4% |
| Jun-2020 | 73.5% |
| Jul-2020 | 73.9% |
| Aug-2020 | 75.3% |
| Sep-2020 | 75.2% |
| Oct-2020 | 76.0% |
| Nov-2020 | 75.9% |
| Dec-2020 | 76.2% |
| Jan-2021 | 76.4% |
| Feb-2021 | 76.6% |
| Mar-2021 | 76.9% |
| Apr-2021 | 77.0% |
| May-2021 | 77.2% |
| Jun-2021 | 77.2% |
| Jul-2021 | 77.9% |
| Aug-2021 | 78.0% |
| Sep-2021 | 78.1% |
| Oct-2021 | 78.3% |
| Nov-2021 | 78.8% |
| Dec-2021 | 79.0% |
| Jan-2022 | 79.1% |
| Feb-2022 | 79.5% |
| Mar-2022 | 80.0% |
| Apr-2022 | 79.9% |
| May-2022 | 80.0% |
| Jun-2022 | 79.8 |
| Jul-2022 | 80.0% |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Current Population Survey public data.
Jobs Day
Unemployment rate of workers age 16 and older by race and ethnicity, January 2020–July 2022
| Date | White | Black | Hispanic | AAPI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan-2020 | 3.1% | 6.3% | 4.3% | 3% |
| Feb-2020 | 3% | 6% | 4.4% | 2.5% |
| Mar-2020 | 3.9% | 6.8% | 5.9% | 4.1% |
| Apr-2020 | 14.1% | 16.6% | 18.8% | 14.4% |
| May-2020 | 12.3% | 16.8% | 17.6% | 14.8% |
| Jun-2020 | 10.0% | 15.2% | 14.5% | 13.8% |
| Jul-2020 | 9.2% | 14.4% | 12.8% | 11.9% |
| Aug-2020 | 7.4% | 12.8% | 10.6% | 10.6% |
| Sep-2020 | 7.0% | 12.1% | 10.4% | 8.9% |
| Oct-2020 | 6.0% | 10.9% | 8.9% | 7.6% |
| Nov-2020 | 6.0% | 10.4% | 8.6% | 6.8% |
| Dec-2020 | 6.1% | 10.0% | 9.4% | 6.1% |
| Jan-2021 | 5.7% | 9.2% | 8.6% | 6.6% |
| Feb-2021 | 5.5% | 9.8% | 8.4% | 5.1% |
| Mar-2021 | 5.3% | 9.5% | 7.7% | 5.9% |
| Apr-2021 | 5.3% | 9.7% | 7.7% | 5.7% |
| May-2021 | 5.1% | 9.1% | 7.1% | 5.5% |
| Jun-2021 | 5.3% | 9.2% | 7.2% | 5.7% |
| Jul-2021 | 4.8% | 8.2% | 6.4% | 5.2% |
| Aug-2021 | 4.5% | 8.7% | 6.2% | 4.5% |
| Sep-2021 | 4.2% | 7.8% | 6.1% | 4.2% |
| Oct-2021 | 3.9% | 7.8% | 5.7% | 4.2% |
| Nov-2021 | 3.7% | 6.5% | 5.2% | 3.9% |
| Dec-2021 | 3.2% | 7.1% | 4.9% | 3.8% |
| Jan-2022 | 3.4% | 6.9% | 4.9% | 3.6% |
| Feb-2022 | 3.3% | 6.6% | 4.4% | 3.1% |
| Mar-2022 | 3.2% | 6.2% | 4.2% | 2.8% |
| Apr-2022 | 3.2% | 5.9% | 4.1% | 3.1% |
| May-2022 | 3.2% | 6.2% | 4.3% | 2.4% |
| Jun-2022 | 3.3% | 5.8% | 4.3% | 3% |
| Jul-2022 | 3.1% | 6% | 3.9% | 2.6% |
Note: AAPI refers to Asian American and Pacific Islander. Race/ethnicity categories are mutually exclusive (i.e., white non-Hispanic, Black non-Hispanic, AAPI non-Hispanic, and Hispanic any race).
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Population Survey, public data series.
A more comprehensive look at unemployment rates: Unemployment rates for select workers by race/ethnicity and gender, February 2020, April 2020, April 2022, June 2022, and July 2022
| characteristic | February 2020 | April 2020 | June 2022 | July 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White men | 2.8% | 12.3% | 3.1% | 3.0% |
| White women | 2.7% | 15.0% | 2.9% | 2.6% |
| Black men | 6.1% | 16.0% | 5.3% | 5.7% |
| Black women | 4.8% | 16.4% | 5.6% | 5.3% |
| Latinx men | 3.1% | 16.5% | 3.4% | 3.5% |
| Latinx women | 4.9% | 20.1% | 4.5% | 3.2% |
Notes: Data are for workers ages 20 and older. Racial and ethnic categories are not mutually exclusive; white and Black data do not exclude Latinx workers of each race. Unemployment levels are labeled for February, November, and the peak in between.
A more comprehensive look at employment: Employment-to-population ratios for select workers by race/ethnicity and gender, February 2020, April 2020, June 2022, and July 2022
| characteristic | February 2020 | April 2020 | June 2022 | July 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White men | 69.70% | 60.50% | 67.80% | 67.70% |
| White women | 56.60% | 47.10% | 55.40% | 55.80% |
| Black men | 63.80% | 53.20% | 64.40% | 63.50% |
| Black women | 60.80% | 49.60% | 58.60% | 59.00% |
| Latinx men | 78.40% | 64.30% | 77.40% | 75.80% |
| Latinx women | 59.10% | 45.20% | 56.90% | 57.70% |
Notes: Data are for workers ages 20 and older. Racial and ethnic categories are not mutually exclusive; white and Black data do not exclude Latinx workers of each race. Employment to population levels are labeled for February, April, and the trough in between.
Jobs Day
Share of newly employed workers who said that they were not actively searching for work in the previous month
| Date | Share of newly employed workers who said that they were not actively searching for work in the previous month |
|---|---|
| Apr-1990 | 61.9% |
| May-1990 | 62.6% |
| Jun-1990 | 62.0% |
| Jul-1990 | 62.0% |
| Aug-1990 | 61.6% |
| Sep-1990 | 62.3% |
| Oct-1990 | 61.0% |
| Nov-1990 | 61.2% |
| Dec-1990 | 60.4% |
| Jan-1991 | 59.9% |
| Feb-1991 | 59.0% |
| Mar-1991 | 58.5% |
| Apr-1991 | 57.7% |
| May-1991 | 57.6% |
| Jun-1991 | 57.2% |
| Jul-1991 | 58.0% |
| Aug-1991 | 57.8% |
| Sep-1991 | 57.7% |
| Oct-1991 | 57.3% |
| Nov-1991 | 56.9% |
| Dec-1991 | 57.0% |
| Jan-1992 | 56.8% |
| Feb-1992 | 57.1% |
| Mar-1992 | 57.1% |
| Apr-1992 | 57.2% |
| May-1992 | 57.3% |
| Jun-1992 | 56.6% |
| Jul-1992 | 56.4% |
| Aug-1992 | 56.1% |
| Sep-1992 | 55.9% |
| Oct-1992 | 55.7% |
| Nov-1992 | 55.8% |
| Dec-1992 | 56.1% |
| Jan-1993 | 56.6% |
| Feb-1993 | 57.7% |
| Mar-1993 | 58.3% |
| Apr-1993 | 58.4% |
| May-1993 | 58.2% |
| Jun-1993 | 58.1% |
| Jul-1993 | 57.5% |
| Aug-1993 | 57.5% |
| Sep-1993 | 58.0% |
| Oct-1993 | 58.9% |
| Nov-1993 | 58.5% |
| Dec-1993 | 58.3% |
| Jan-1994 | 58.8% |
| Feb-1994 | 59.2% |
| Mar-1994 | 59.1% |
| Apr-1994 | 58.7% |
| May-1994 | 58.3% |
| Jun-1994 | 58.5% |
| Jul-1994 | 58.6% |
| Aug-1994 | 59.0% |
| Sep-1994 | 59.1% |
| Oct-1994 | 59.8% |
| Nov-1994 | 60.1% |
| Dec-1994 | 60.3% |
| Jan-1995 | 60.4% |
| Feb-1995 | 59.5% |
| Mar-1995 | 59.7% |
| Apr-1995 | 59.7% |
| May-1995 | 59.2% |
| Jun-1995 | 59.5% |
| Jul-1995 | 59.5% |
| Aug-1995 | 60.0% |
| Sep-1995 | 60.2% |
| Oct-1995 | 59.9% |
| Nov-1995 | 60.6% |
| Dec-1995 | 59.9% |
| Jan-1996 | 59.8% |
| Feb-1996 | 60.3% |
| Mar-1996 | 60.7% |
| Apr-1996 | 61.0% |
| May-1996 | 60.7% |
| Jun-1996 | 60.8% |
| Jul-1996 | 61.5% |
| Aug-1996 | 60.8% |
| Sep-1996 | 60.9% |
| Oct-1996 | 60.2% |
| Nov-1996 | 60.6% |
| Dec-1996 | 59.6% |
| Jan-1997 | 59.1% |
| Feb-1997 | 58.9% |
| Mar-1997 | 60.3% |
| Apr-1997 | 61.4% |
| May-1997 | 61.8% |
| Jun-1997 | 61.1% |
| Jul-1997 | 60.4% |
| Aug-1997 | 61.3% |
| Sep-1997 | 61.9% |
| Oct-1997 | 62.5% |
| Nov-1997 | 62.7% |
| Dec-1997 | 62.8% |
| Jan-1998 | 63.3% |
| Feb-1998 | 62.7% |
| Mar-1998 | 62.9% |
| Apr-1998 | 62.4% |
| May-1998 | 63.5% |
| Jun-1998 | 63.2% |
| Jul-1998 | 64.2% |
| Aug-1998 | 64.0% |
| Sep-1998 | 65.2% |
| Oct-1998 | 65.1% |
| Nov-1998 | 65.1% |
| Dec-1998 | 64.9% |
| Jan-1999 | 65.6% |
| Feb-1999 | 65.5% |
| Mar-1999 | 64.2% |
| Apr-1999 | 65.3% |
| May-1999 | 66.1% |
| Jun-1999 | 67.4% |
| Jul-1999 | 66.4% |
| Aug-1999 | 65.7% |
| Sep-1999 | 65.3% |
| Oct-1999 | 65.5% |
| Nov-1999 | 65.3% |
| Dec-1999 | 65.1% |
| Jan-2000 | 64.4% |
| Feb-2000 | 65.4% |
| Mar-2000 | 65.7% |
| Apr-2000 | 65.9% |
| May-2000 | 65.6% |
| Jun-2000 | 65.9% |
| Jul-2000 | 65.4% |
| Aug-2000 | 65.5% |
| Sep-2000 | 65.6% |
| Oct-2000 | 66.5% |
| Nov-2000 | 67.4% |
| Dec-2000 | 68.1% |
| Jan-2001 | 69.0% |
| Feb-2001 | 68.6% |
| Mar-2001 | 67.9% |
| Apr-2001 | 66.9% |
| May-2001 | 65.8% |
| Jun-2001 | 65.3% |
| Jul-2001 | 65.7% |
| Aug-2001 | 66.2% |
| Sep-2001 | 66.6% |
| Oct-2001 | 65.5% |
| Nov-2001 | 64.4% |
| Dec-2001 | 62.9% |
| Jan-2002 | 62.6% |
| Feb-2002 | 62.3% |
| Mar-2002 | 61.7% |
| Apr-2002 | 61.9% |
| May-2002 | 62.8% |
| Jun-2002 | 64.4% |
| Jul-2002 | 64.5% |
| Aug-2002 | 64.0% |
| Sep-2002 | 63.1% |
| Oct-2002 | 63.1% |
| Nov-2002 | 63.7% |
| Dec-2002 | 64.1% |
| Jan-2003 | 64.2% |
| Feb-2003 | 64.2% |
| Mar-2003 | 64.5% |
| Apr-2003 | 64.3% |
| May-2003 | 63.7% |
| Jun-2003 | 63.5% |
| Jul-2003 | 63.1% |
| Aug-2003 | 63.2% |
| Sep-2003 | 63.4% |
| Oct-2003 | 64.3% |
| Nov-2003 | 64.7% |
| Dec-2003 | 63.7% |
| Jan-2004 | 63.6% |
| Feb-2004 | 63.4% |
| Mar-2004 | 64.9% |
| Apr-2004 | 64.3% |
| May-2004 | 64.3% |
| Jun-2004 | 63.7% |
| Jul-2004 | 64.2% |
| Aug-2004 | 64.5% |
| Sep-2004 | 64.1% |
| Oct-2004 | 64.2% |
| Nov-2004 | 64.0% |
| Dec-2004 | 64.4% |
| Jan-2005 | 64.6% |
| Feb-2005 | 64.8% |
| Mar-2005 | 64.9% |
| Apr-2005 | 65.1% |
| May-2005 | 65.8% |
| Jun-2005 | 66.1% |
| Jul-2005 | 66.6% |
| Aug-2005 | 65.9% |
| Sep-2005 | 66.5% |
| Oct-2005 | 66.2% |
| Nov-2005 | 66.0% |
| Dec-2005 | 65.9% |
| Jan-2006 | 65.8% |
| Feb-2006 | 67.3% |
| Mar-2006 | 67.3% |
| Apr-2006 | 67.6% |
| May-2006 | 67.3% |
| Jun-2006 | 67.2% |
| Jul-2006 | 66.7% |
| Aug-2006 | 66.4% |
| Sep-2006 | 65.9% |
| Oct-2006 | 66.9% |
| Nov-2006 | 67.6% |
| Dec-2006 | 68.3% |
| Jan-2007 | 68.0% |
| Feb-2007 | 67.0% |
| Mar-2007 | 66.5% |
| Apr-2007 | 65.8% |
| May-2007 | 66.2% |
| Jun-2007 | 67.6% |
| Jul-2007 | 67.7% |
| Aug-2007 | 67.6% |
| Sep-2007 | 66.9% |
| Oct-2007 | 67.0% |
| Nov-2007 | 67.5% |
| Dec-2007 | 66.6% |
| Jan-2008 | 66.4% |
| Feb-2008 | 65.4% |
| Mar-2008 | 65.6% |
| Apr-2008 | 64.7% |
| May-2008 | 65.1% |
| Jun-2008 | 64.9% |
| Jul-2008 | 65.3% |
| Aug-2008 | 64.2% |
| Sep-2008 | 62.9% |
| Oct-2008 | 62.1% |
| Nov-2008 | 61.9% |
| Dec-2008 | 62.3% |
| Jan-2009 | 62.2% |
| Feb-2009 | 61.6% |
| Mar-2009 | 60.8% |
| Apr-2009 | 59.8% |
| May-2009 | 59.6% |
| Jun-2009 | 58.3% |
| Jul-2009 | 57.5% |
| Aug-2009 | 57.0% |
| Sep-2009 | 56.8% |
| Oct-2009 | 57.6% |
| Nov-2009 | 56.7% |
| Dec-2009 | 57.7% |
| Jan-2010 | 57.9% |
| Feb-2010 | 58.8% |
| Mar-2010 | 58.7% |
| Apr-2010 | 57.4% |
| May-2010 | 56.4% |
| Jun-2010 | 56.6% |
| Jul-2010 | 57.2% |
| Aug-2010 | 58.4% |
| Sep-2010 | 58.8% |
| Oct-2010 | 58.9% |
| Nov-2010 | 58.9% |
| Dec-2010 | 58.4% |
| Jan-2011 | 59.1% |
| Feb-2011 | 59.5% |
| Mar-2011 | 60.1% |
| Apr-2011 | 60.4% |
| May-2011 | 60.2% |
| Jun-2011 | 59.7% |
| Jul-2011 | 59.8% |
| Aug-2011 | 59.6% |
| Sep-2011 | 60.6% |
| Oct-2011 | 59.8% |
| Nov-2011 | 59.8% |
| Dec-2011 | 59.1% |
| Jan-2012 | 59.2% |
| Feb-2012 | 59.1% |
| Mar-2012 | 59.4% |
| Apr-2012 | 60.3% |
| May-2012 | 60.9% |
| Jun-2012 | 61.6% |
| Jul-2012 | 61.8% |
| Aug-2012 | 62.3% |
| Sep-2012 | 62.3% |
| Oct-2012 | 62.0% |
| Nov-2012 | 61.8% |
| Dec-2012 | 62.5% |
| Jan-2013 | 62.2% |
| Feb-2013 | 61.5% |
| Mar-2013 | 61.6% |
| Apr-2013 | 63.1% |
| May-2013 | 63.5% |
| Jun-2013 | 63.2% |
| Jul-2013 | 62.3% |
| Aug-2013 | 62.9% |
| Sep-2013 | 63.5% |
| Oct-2013 | 64.3% |
| Nov-2013 | 64.1% |
| Dec-2013 | 63.6% |
| Jan-2014 | 63.9% |
| Feb-2014 | 63.6% |
| Mar-2014 | 63.9% |
| Apr-2014 | 62.8% |
| May-2014 | 64.2% |
| Jun-2014 | 64.5% |
| Jul-2014 | 66.0% |
| Aug-2014 | 65.5% |
| Sep-2014 | 65.3% |
| Oct-2014 | 64.9% |
| Nov-2014 | 65.3% |
| Dec-2014 | 65.8% |
| Jan-2015 | 67.2% |
| Feb-2015 | 67.8% |
| Mar-2015 | 68.5% |
| Apr-2015 | 68.1% |
| May-2015 | 68.5% |
| Jun-2015 | 68.1% |
| Jul-2015 | 68.9% |
| Aug-2015 | 68.6% |
| Sep-2015 | 68.8% |
| Oct-2015 | 68.7% |
| Nov-2015 | 68.5% |
| Dec-2015 | 69.0% |
| Jan-2016 | 68.7% |
| Feb-2016 | 70.2% |
| Mar-2016 | 71.2% |
| Apr-2016 | 71.2% |
| May-2016 | 69.5% |
| Jun-2016 | 68.6% |
| Jul-2016 | 68.6% |
| Aug-2016 | 69.5% |
| Sep-2016 | 69.1% |
| Oct-2016 | 67.9% |
| Nov-2016 | 67.4% |
| Dec-2016 | 68.6% |
| Jan-2017 | 69.5% |
| Feb-2017 | 69.5% |
| Mar-2017 | 69.6% |
| Apr-2017 | 70.0% |
| May-2017 | 70.2% |
| Jun-2017 | 70.5% |
| Jul-2017 | 70.1% |
| Aug-2017 | 70.7% |
| Sep-2017 | 70.3% |
| Oct-2017 | 70.2% |
| Nov-2017 | 70.2% |
| Dec-2017 | 70.2% |
| Jan-2018 | 71.2% |
| Feb-2018 | 71.3% |
| Mar-2018 | 71.4% |
| Apr-2018 | 71.5% |
| May-2018 | 71.5% |
| Jun-2018 | 72.4% |
| Jul-2018 | 72.8% |
| Aug-2018 | 72.8% |
| Sep-2018 | 72.8% |
| Oct-2018 | 72.5% |
| Nov-2018 | 72.7% |
| Dec-2018 | 72.6% |
| Jan-2019 | 72.4% |
| Feb-2019 | 72.5% |
| Mar-2019 | 72.0% |
| Apr-2019 | 72.5% |
| May-2019 | 73.3% |
| Jun-2019 | 73.9% |
| Jul-2019 | 74.1% |
| Aug-2019 | 73.7% |
| Sep-2019 | 73.6% |
| Oct-2019 | 74.3% |
| Nov-2019 | 74.4% |
| Dec-2019 | 74.0% |
| Jan-2020 | 72.9% |
| Feb-2020 | 72.4% |
| Mar-2020 | 72.9% |
| Apr-2020 | 73.2% |
| May-2020 | 62.6% |
| Jun-2020 | 50.5% |
| Jul-2020 | 41.2% |
| Aug-2020 | 44.2% |
| Sep-2020 | 50.2% |
| Oct-2020 | 54.5% |
| Nov-2020 | 58.1% |
| Dec-2020 | 61.3% |
| Jan-2021 | 62.5% |
| Feb-2021 | 63.0% |
| Mar-2021 | 63.5% |
| Apr-2021 | 65.4% |
| May-2021 | 66.7% |
| Jun-2021 | 67.3% |
| Jul-2021 | 67.5% |
| Aug-2021 | 67.9% |
| Sep-2021 | 68.4% |
| Oct-2021 | 69.3% |
| Nov-2021 | 70.0% |
| Dec-2021 | 70.2% |
| Jan-2022 | 70.7% |
| Feb-2022 | 70.7% |
| Mar-2022 | 71.1% |
| Apr-2022 | 71.7% |
| May-2022 | 72.8% |
| Jun-2022 | 73.1% |
| Jul-2022 | 72.3% |
Note: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Flows: Unemployed to Employed (16 Years and Over) [LNS17100000], and Not in Labor Force to Employed (16 years and over) [LNS17200000]. Because of volatility in these data, the line reflects a three month moving averages.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Population Survey public data series.
Economic indicators
Number of workers at each level of unemployment duration, by month, February 2020–July 2022
| Less than 5 weeks | 5–14 weeks | 15–26 weeks | 27–51 weeks | 52 weeks and over | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feb 20 | 2,123 | 1,830 | 793 | 398 | 723 |
| Mar 20 | 3,446 | 1,825 | 760 | 373 | 797 |
| Apr 20 | 14,251 | 7,066 | 705 | 496 | 516 |
| May 20 | 3,846 | 14,806 | 996 | 663 | 541 |
| Jun 20 | 2,884 | 11,522 | 1,928 | 715 | 625 |
| Jul 20 | 3,141 | 5,145 | 6,509 | 749 | 731 |
| Aug 20 | 2,342 | 3,105 | 6,580 | 782 | 772 |
| Sep 20 | 2,535 | 2,735 | 4,962 | 1,563 | 833 |
| Oct 20 | 2,467 | 2,342 | 2,654 | 2,739 | 819 |
| Nov 20 | 2,485 | 2,440 | 1,873 | 3,054 | 881 |
| Dec 20 | 2,906 | 2,344 | 1,563 | 3,095 | 884 |
| Jan 21 | 2,307 | 2,454 | 1,336 | 3,063 | 983 |
| Feb 21 | 2,234 | 2,285 | 1,383 | 2,940 | 1,216 |
| Mar 21 | 2,204 | 1,950 | 1,371 | 1,925 | 2,276 |
| Apr 21 | 2,400 | 1,981 | 1,160 | 1,699 | 2,488 |
| May 21 | 1,974 | 2,218 | 1,230 | 1,328 | 2,437 |
| Jun 21 | 1,972 | 2,182 | 1,338 | 1,424 | 2,549 |
| Jul 21 | 2,246 | 1,794 | 1,203 | 1,160 | 2,251 |
| Aug 21 | 2,110 | 1,927 | 1,248 | 915 | 2,190 |
| Sep 21 | 2,227 | 1,727 | 1,047 | 771 | 1,893 |
| Oct 21 | 2,051 | 1,876 | 1,001 | 604 | 1,735 |
| Nov 21 | 1,985 | 1,703 | 870 | 593 | 1,600 |
| Dec 21 | 1,977 | 1,571 | 780 | 604 | 1,404 |
| Jan 22 | 2,417 | 1,607 | 816 | 391 | 1,300 |
| Feb 22 | 2,131 | 1,800 | 735 | 440 | 1,262 |
| Mar 22 | 2,289 | 1,684 | 571 | 341 | 1,087 |
| Apr 22 | 2,227 | 1,617 | 551 | 474 | 1,009 |
| May 22 | 2,066 | 1,767 | 661 | 426 | 930 |
| Jun 22 | 2,262 | 1,552 | 753 | 471 | 865 |
| Jul 22 | 2,080 | 1,772 | 718 | 248 | 819 |
Notes: Data are seasonally adjusted. Seasonally adjusted data for Less than 5 weeks, 5-14 weeks, 15-26 weeks, and 27+ weeks are provided by BLS. Seasonally adjusted data are not available for 52+ so we applied the ratio of not-seasonally adjusted 52+ to not-seasonally adjusted 27+ to the seasonally adjusted 27+ to impute a seasonally adjusted 52+. Seasonally adjusted data for 27-51 is estimated as the difference between our estimated 52+ seasonally adjust data and the 27+ seasonally adjusted data.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Population Survey public data series.
Longer-term labor market trends
Jobs day
Monthly change in payroll employment, 2007–2022
| date | Change in Employment |
|---|---|
| Jan-2007 | 228 |
| Feb-2007 | 81 |
| Mar-2007 | 235 |
| Apr-2007 | 49 |
| May-2007 | 151 |
| Jun-2007 | 76 |
| Jul-2007 | -31 |
| Aug-2007 | -23 |
| Sep-2007 | 80 |
| Oct-2007 | 79 |
| Nov-2007 | 110 |
| Dec-2007 | 108 |
| Jan-2008 | 11 |
| Feb-2008 | -79 |
| Mar-2008 | -49 |
| Apr-2008 | -240 |
| May-2008 | -177 |
| Jun-2008 | -171 |
| Jul-2008 | -196 |
| Aug-2008 | -278 |
| Sep-2008 | -460 |
| Oct-2008 | -481 |
| Nov-2008 | -727 |
| Dec-2008 | -706 |
| Jan-2009 | -784 |
| Feb-2009 | -743 |
| Mar-2009 | -800 |
| Apr-2009 | -695 |
| May-2009 | -342 |
| Jun-2009 | -467 |
| Jul-2009 | -340 |
| Aug-2009 | -183 |
| Sep-2009 | -241 |
| Oct-2009 | -199 |
| Nov-2009 | 12 |
| Dec-2009 | -269 |
| Jan-2010 | 2 |
| Feb-2010 | -92 |
| Mar-2010 | 181 |
| Apr-2010 | 231 |
| May-2010 | 540 |
| Jun-2010 | -139 |
| Jul-2010 | -84 |
| Aug-2010 | -5 |
| Sep-2010 | -65 |
| Oct-2010 | 268 |
| Nov-2010 | 125 |
| Dec-2010 | 72 |
| Jan-2011 | 19 |
| Feb-2011 | 212 |
| Mar-2011 | 235 |
| Apr-2011 | 314 |
| May-2011 | 101 |
| Jun-2011 | 236 |
| Jul-2011 | 60 |
| Aug-2011 | 126 |
| Sep-2011 | 233 |
| Oct-2011 | 204 |
| Nov-2011 | 132 |
| Dec-2011 | 202 |
| Jan-2012 | 354 |
| Feb-2012 | 262 |
| Mar-2012 | 240 |
| Apr-2012 | 82 |
| May-2012 | 100 |
| Jun-2012 | 73 |
| Jul-2012 | 152 |
| Aug-2012 | 172 |
| Sep-2012 | 187 |
| Oct-2012 | 159 |
| Nov-2012 | 156 |
| Dec-2012 | 239 |
| Jan-2013 | 191 |
| Feb-2013 | 278 |
| Mar-2013 | 139 |
| Apr-2013 | 191 |
| May-2013 | 222 |
| Jun-2013 | 181 |
| Jul-2013 | 112 |
| Aug-2013 | 242 |
| Sep-2013 | 187 |
| Oct-2013 | 225 |
| Nov-2013 | 264 |
| Dec-2013 | 69 |
| Jan-2014 | 175 |
| Feb-2014 | 166 |
| Mar-2014 | 254 |
| Apr-2014 | 325 |
| May-2014 | 218 |
| Jun-2014 | 326 |
| Jul-2014 | 232 |
| Aug-2014 | 188 |
| Sep-2014 | 309 |
| Oct-2014 | 252 |
| Nov-2014 | 291 |
| Dec-2014 | 268 |
| Jan-2015 | 191 |
| Feb-2015 | 271 |
| Mar-2015 | 71 |
| Apr-2015 | 284 |
| May-2015 | 331 |
| Jun-2015 | 174 |
| Jul-2015 | 302 |
| Aug-2015 | 125 |
| Sep-2015 | 155 |
| Oct-2015 | 306 |
| Nov-2015 | 237 |
| Dec-2015 | 273 |
| Jan-2016 | 108 |
| Feb-2016 | 212 |
| Mar-2016 | 237 |
| Apr-2016 | 197 |
| May-2016 | 41 |
| Jun-2016 | 258 |
| Jul-2016 | 371 |
| Aug-2016 | 143 |
| Sep-2016 | 289 |
| Oct-2016 | 118 |
| Nov-2016 | 130 |
| Dec-2016 | 214 |
| Jan-2017 | 213 |
| Feb-2017 | 190 |
| Mar-2017 | 142 |
| Apr-2017 | 205 |
| May-2017 | 223 |
| Jun-2017 | 197 |
| Jul-2017 | 183 |
| Aug-2017 | 145 |
| Sep-2017 | 99 |
| Oct-2017 | 141 |
| Nov-2017 | 200 |
| Dec-2017 | 176 |
| Jan-2018 | 133 |
| Feb-2018 | 402 |
| Mar-2018 | 225 |
| Apr-2018 | 179 |
| May-2018 | 333 |
| Jun-2018 | 183 |
| Jul-2018 | 66 |
| Aug-2018 | 219 |
| Sep-2018 | 57 |
| Oct-2018 | 145 |
| Nov-2018 | 102 |
| Dec-2018 | 248 |
| Jan-2019 | 279 |
| Feb-2019 | 24 |
| Mar-2019 | 224 |
| Apr-2019 | 288 |
| May-2019 | 77 |
| Jun-2019 | 130 |
| Jul-2019 | 78 |
| Aug-2019 | 160 |
| Sep-2019 | 163 |
| Oct-2019 | 93 |
| Nov-2019 | 252 |
| Dec-2019 | 200 |
| Jan-2020 | 339 |
| Feb-2020 | 376 |
| Mar-2020 | -1498 |
| Apr-2020 | -20493 |
| May-2020 | 2642 |
| Jun-2020 | 4505 |
| Jul-2020 | 1388 |
| Aug-2020 | 1665 |
| Sep-2020 | 919 |
| Oct-2020 | 647 |
| Nov-2020 | 333 |
| Dec-2020 | -115 |
| Jan-2021 | 520 |
| Feb-2021 | 710 |
| Mar-2021 | 704 |
| Apr-2021 | 263 |
| May-2021 | 447 |
| Jun-2021 | 557 |
| Jul-2021 | 689 |
| Aug-2021 | 517 |
| Sep-2021 | 424 |
| Oct-2021 | 677 |
| Nov-2021 | 647 |
| Dec-2021 | 588 |
| Jan-2022 | 504 |
| Feb-2022 | 714 |
| March-2022 | 398 |
| Apr-2022 | 368 |
| May-2022 | 386 |
| Jun-2022 | 398 |
| Jul-2022 | 528 |
Note: Shaded areas denote recessions.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Employment Statistics public data series.
Jobs Day
Unemployment rate, 1948–2022
| date | Unemployment Rate |
|---|---|
| Jan-1948 | 3.40% |
| Feb-1948 | 3.80% |
| Mar-1948 | 4.00% |
| Apr-1948 | 3.90% |
| May-1948 | 3.50% |
| Jun-1948 | 3.60% |
| Jul-1948 | 3.60% |
| Aug-1948 | 3.90% |
| Sep-1948 | 3.80% |
| Oct-1948 | 3.70% |
| Nov-1948 | 3.80% |
| Dec-1948 | 4.00% |
| Jan-1949 | 4.30% |
| Feb-1949 | 4.70% |
| Mar-1949 | 5.00% |
| Apr-1949 | 5.30% |
| May-1949 | 6.10% |
| Jun-1949 | 6.20% |
| Jul-1949 | 6.70% |
| Aug-1949 | 6.80% |
| Sep-1949 | 6.60% |
| Oct-1949 | 7.90% |
| Nov-1949 | 6.40% |
| Dec-1949 | 6.60% |
| Jan-1950 | 6.50% |
| Feb-1950 | 6.40% |
| Mar-1950 | 6.30% |
| Apr-1950 | 5.80% |
| May-1950 | 5.50% |
| Jun-1950 | 5.40% |
| Jul-1950 | 5.00% |
| Aug-1950 | 4.50% |
| Sep-1950 | 4.40% |
| Oct-1950 | 4.20% |
| Nov-1950 | 4.20% |
| Dec-1950 | 4.30% |
| Jan-1951 | 3.70% |
| Feb-1951 | 3.40% |
| Mar-1951 | 3.40% |
| Apr-1951 | 3.10% |
| May-1951 | 3.00% |
| Jun-1951 | 3.20% |
| Jul-1951 | 3.10% |
| Aug-1951 | 3.10% |
| Sep-1951 | 3.30% |
| Oct-1951 | 3.50% |
| Nov-1951 | 3.50% |
| Dec-1951 | 3.10% |
| Jan-1952 | 3.20% |
| Feb-1952 | 3.10% |
| Mar-1952 | 2.90% |
| Apr-1952 | 2.90% |
| May-1952 | 3.00% |
| Jun-1952 | 3.00% |
| Jul-1952 | 3.20% |
| Aug-1952 | 3.40% |
| Sep-1952 | 3.10% |
| Oct-1952 | 3.00% |
| Nov-1952 | 2.80% |
| Dec-1952 | 2.70% |
| Jan-1953 | 2.90% |
| Feb-1953 | 2.60% |
| Mar-1953 | 2.60% |
| Apr-1953 | 2.70% |
| May-1953 | 2.50% |
| Jun-1953 | 2.50% |
| Jul-1953 | 2.60% |
| Aug-1953 | 2.70% |
| Sep-1953 | 2.90% |
| Oct-1953 | 3.10% |
| Nov-1953 | 3.50% |
| Dec-1953 | 4.50% |
| Jan-1954 | 4.90% |
| Feb-1954 | 5.20% |
| Mar-1954 | 5.70% |
| Apr-1954 | 5.90% |
| May-1954 | 5.90% |
| Jun-1954 | 5.60% |
| Jul-1954 | 5.80% |
| Aug-1954 | 6.00% |
| Sep-1954 | 6.10% |
| Oct-1954 | 5.70% |
| Nov-1954 | 5.30% |
| Dec-1954 | 5.00% |
| Jan-1955 | 4.90% |
| Feb-1955 | 4.70% |
| Mar-1955 | 4.60% |
| Apr-1955 | 4.70% |
| May-1955 | 4.30% |
| Jun-1955 | 4.20% |
| Jul-1955 | 4.00% |
| Aug-1955 | 4.20% |
| Sep-1955 | 4.10% |
| Oct-1955 | 4.30% |
| Nov-1955 | 4.20% |
| Dec-1955 | 4.20% |
| Jan-1956 | 4.00% |
| Feb-1956 | 3.90% |
| Mar-1956 | 4.20% |
| Apr-1956 | 4.00% |
| May-1956 | 4.30% |
| Jun-1956 | 4.30% |
| Jul-1956 | 4.40% |
| Aug-1956 | 4.10% |
| Sep-1956 | 3.90% |
| Oct-1956 | 3.90% |
| Nov-1956 | 4.30% |
| Dec-1956 | 4.20% |
| Jan-1957 | 4.20% |
| Feb-1957 | 3.90% |
| Mar-1957 | 3.70% |
| Apr-1957 | 3.90% |
| May-1957 | 4.10% |
| Jun-1957 | 4.30% |
| Jul-1957 | 4.20% |
| Aug-1957 | 4.10% |
| Sep-1957 | 4.40% |
| Oct-1957 | 4.50% |
| Nov-1957 | 5.10% |
| Dec-1957 | 5.20% |
| Jan-1958 | 5.80% |
| Feb-1958 | 6.40% |
| Mar-1958 | 6.70% |
| Apr-1958 | 7.40% |
| May-1958 | 7.40% |
| Jun-1958 | 7.30% |
| Jul-1958 | 7.50% |
| Aug-1958 | 7.40% |
| Sep-1958 | 7.10% |
| Oct-1958 | 6.70% |
| Nov-1958 | 6.20% |
| Dec-1958 | 6.20% |
| Jan-1959 | 6.00% |
| Feb-1959 | 5.90% |
| Mar-1959 | 5.60% |
| Apr-1959 | 5.20% |
| May-1959 | 5.10% |
| Jun-1959 | 5.00% |
| Jul-1959 | 5.10% |
| Aug-1959 | 5.20% |
| Sep-1959 | 5.50% |
| Oct-1959 | 5.70% |
| Nov-1959 | 5.80% |
| Dec-1959 | 5.30% |
| Jan-1960 | 5.20% |
| Feb-1960 | 4.80% |
| Mar-1960 | 5.40% |
| Apr-1960 | 5.20% |
| May-1960 | 5.10% |
| Jun-1960 | 5.40% |
| Jul-1960 | 5.50% |
| Aug-1960 | 5.60% |
| Sep-1960 | 5.50% |
| Oct-1960 | 6.10% |
| Nov-1960 | 6.10% |
| Dec-1960 | 6.60% |
| Jan-1961 | 6.60% |
| Feb-1961 | 6.90% |
| Mar-1961 | 6.90% |
| Apr-1961 | 7.00% |
| May-1961 | 7.10% |
| Jun-1961 | 6.90% |
| Jul-1961 | 7.00% |
| Aug-1961 | 6.60% |
| Sep-1961 | 6.70% |
| Oct-1961 | 6.50% |
| Nov-1961 | 6.10% |
| Dec-1961 | 6.00% |
| Jan-1962 | 5.80% |
| Feb-1962 | 5.50% |
| Mar-1962 | 5.60% |
| Apr-1962 | 5.60% |
| May-1962 | 5.50% |
| Jun-1962 | 5.50% |
| Jul-1962 | 5.40% |
| Aug-1962 | 5.70% |
| Sep-1962 | 5.60% |
| Oct-1962 | 5.40% |
| Nov-1962 | 5.70% |
| Dec-1962 | 5.50% |
| Jan-1963 | 5.70% |
| Feb-1963 | 5.90% |
| Mar-1963 | 5.70% |
| Apr-1963 | 5.70% |
| May-1963 | 5.90% |
| Jun-1963 | 5.60% |
| Jul-1963 | 5.60% |
| Aug-1963 | 5.40% |
| Sep-1963 | 5.50% |
| Oct-1963 | 5.50% |
| Nov-1963 | 5.70% |
| Dec-1963 | 5.50% |
| Jan-1964 | 5.60% |
| Feb-1964 | 5.40% |
| Mar-1964 | 5.40% |
| Apr-1964 | 5.30% |
| May-1964 | 5.10% |
| Jun-1964 | 5.20% |
| Jul-1964 | 4.90% |
| Aug-1964 | 5.00% |
| Sep-1964 | 5.10% |
| Oct-1964 | 5.10% |
| Nov-1964 | 4.80% |
| Dec-1964 | 5.00% |
| Jan-1965 | 4.90% |
| Feb-1965 | 5.10% |
| Mar-1965 | 4.70% |
| Apr-1965 | 4.80% |
| May-1965 | 4.60% |
| Jun-1965 | 4.60% |
| Jul-1965 | 4.40% |
| Aug-1965 | 4.40% |
| Sep-1965 | 4.30% |
| Oct-1965 | 4.20% |
| Nov-1965 | 4.10% |
| Dec-1965 | 4.00% |
| Jan-1966 | 4.00% |
| Feb-1966 | 3.80% |
| Mar-1966 | 3.80% |
| Apr-1966 | 3.80% |
| May-1966 | 3.90% |
| Jun-1966 | 3.80% |
| Jul-1966 | 3.80% |
| Aug-1966 | 3.80% |
| Sep-1966 | 3.70% |
| Oct-1966 | 3.70% |
| Nov-1966 | 3.60% |
| Dec-1966 | 3.80% |
| Jan-1967 | 3.90% |
| Feb-1967 | 3.80% |
| Mar-1967 | 3.80% |
| Apr-1967 | 3.80% |
| May-1967 | 3.80% |
| Jun-1967 | 3.90% |
| Jul-1967 | 3.80% |
| Aug-1967 | 3.80% |
| Sep-1967 | 3.80% |
| Oct-1967 | 4.00% |
| Nov-1967 | 3.90% |
| Dec-1967 | 3.80% |
| Jan-1968 | 3.70% |
| Feb-1968 | 3.80% |
| Mar-1968 | 3.70% |
| Apr-1968 | 3.50% |
| May-1968 | 3.50% |
| Jun-1968 | 3.70% |
| Jul-1968 | 3.70% |
| Aug-1968 | 3.50% |
| Sep-1968 | 3.40% |
| Oct-1968 | 3.40% |
| Nov-1968 | 3.40% |
| Dec-1968 | 3.40% |
| Jan-1969 | 3.40% |
| Feb-1969 | 3.40% |
| Mar-1969 | 3.40% |
| Apr-1969 | 3.40% |
| May-1969 | 3.40% |
| Jun-1969 | 3.50% |
| Jul-1969 | 3.50% |
| Aug-1969 | 3.50% |
| Sep-1969 | 3.70% |
| Oct-1969 | 3.70% |
| Nov-1969 | 3.50% |
| Dec-1969 | 3.50% |
| Jan-1970 | 3.90% |
| Feb-1970 | 4.20% |
| Mar-1970 | 4.40% |
| Apr-1970 | 4.60% |
| May-1970 | 4.80% |
| Jun-1970 | 4.90% |
| Jul-1970 | 5.00% |
| Aug-1970 | 5.10% |
| Sep-1970 | 5.40% |
| Oct-1970 | 5.50% |
| Nov-1970 | 5.90% |
| Dec-1970 | 6.10% |
| Jan-1971 | 5.90% |
| Feb-1971 | 5.90% |
| Mar-1971 | 6.00% |
| Apr-1971 | 5.90% |
| May-1971 | 5.90% |
| Jun-1971 | 5.90% |
| Jul-1971 | 6.00% |
| Aug-1971 | 6.10% |
| Sep-1971 | 6.00% |
| Oct-1971 | 5.80% |
| Nov-1971 | 6.00% |
| Dec-1971 | 6.00% |
| Jan-1972 | 5.80% |
| Feb-1972 | 5.70% |
| Mar-1972 | 5.80% |
| Apr-1972 | 5.70% |
| May-1972 | 5.70% |
| Jun-1972 | 5.70% |
| Jul-1972 | 5.60% |
| Aug-1972 | 5.60% |
| Sep-1972 | 5.50% |
| Oct-1972 | 5.60% |
| Nov-1972 | 5.30% |
| Dec-1972 | 5.20% |
| Jan-1973 | 4.90% |
| Feb-1973 | 5.00% |
| Mar-1973 | 4.90% |
| Apr-1973 | 5.00% |
| May-1973 | 4.90% |
| Jun-1973 | 4.90% |
| Jul-1973 | 4.80% |
| Aug-1973 | 4.80% |
| Sep-1973 | 4.80% |
| Oct-1973 | 4.60% |
| Nov-1973 | 4.80% |
| Dec-1973 | 4.90% |
| Jan-1974 | 5.10% |
| Feb-1974 | 5.20% |
| Mar-1974 | 5.10% |
| Apr-1974 | 5.10% |
| May-1974 | 5.10% |
| Jun-1974 | 5.40% |
| Jul-1974 | 5.50% |
| Aug-1974 | 5.50% |
| Sep-1974 | 5.90% |
| Oct-1974 | 6.00% |
| Nov-1974 | 6.60% |
| Dec-1974 | 7.20% |
| Jan-1975 | 8.10% |
| Feb-1975 | 8.10% |
| Mar-1975 | 8.60% |
| Apr-1975 | 8.80% |
| May-1975 | 9.00% |
| Jun-1975 | 8.80% |
| Jul-1975 | 8.60% |
| Aug-1975 | 8.40% |
| Sep-1975 | 8.40% |
| Oct-1975 | 8.40% |
| Nov-1975 | 8.30% |
| Dec-1975 | 8.20% |
| Jan-1976 | 7.90% |
| Feb-1976 | 7.70% |
| Mar-1976 | 7.60% |
| Apr-1976 | 7.70% |
| May-1976 | 7.40% |
| Jun-1976 | 7.60% |
| Jul-1976 | 7.80% |
| Aug-1976 | 7.80% |
| Sep-1976 | 7.60% |
| Oct-1976 | 7.70% |
| Nov-1976 | 7.80% |
| Dec-1976 | 7.80% |
| Jan-1977 | 7.50% |
| Feb-1977 | 7.60% |
| Mar-1977 | 7.40% |
| Apr-1977 | 7.20% |
| May-1977 | 7.00% |
| Jun-1977 | 7.20% |
| Jul-1977 | 6.90% |
| Aug-1977 | 7.00% |
| Sep-1977 | 6.80% |
| Oct-1977 | 6.80% |
| Nov-1977 | 6.80% |
| Dec-1977 | 6.40% |
| Jan-1978 | 6.40% |
| Feb-1978 | 6.30% |
| Mar-1978 | 6.30% |
| Apr-1978 | 6.10% |
| May-1978 | 6.00% |
| Jun-1978 | 5.90% |
| Jul-1978 | 6.20% |
| Aug-1978 | 5.90% |
| Sep-1978 | 6.00% |
| Oct-1978 | 5.80% |
| Nov-1978 | 5.90% |
| Dec-1978 | 6.00% |
| Jan-1979 | 5.90% |
| Feb-1979 | 5.90% |
| Mar-1979 | 5.80% |
| Apr-1979 | 5.80% |
| May-1979 | 5.60% |
| Jun-1979 | 5.70% |
| Jul-1979 | 5.70% |
| Aug-1979 | 6.00% |
| Sep-1979 | 5.90% |
| Oct-1979 | 6.00% |
| Nov-1979 | 5.90% |
| Dec-1979 | 6.00% |
| Jan-1980 | 6.30% |
| Feb-1980 | 6.30% |
| Mar-1980 | 6.30% |
| Apr-1980 | 6.90% |
| May-1980 | 7.50% |
| Jun-1980 | 7.60% |
| Jul-1980 | 7.80% |
| Aug-1980 | 7.70% |
| Sep-1980 | 7.50% |
| Oct-1980 | 7.50% |
| Nov-1980 | 7.50% |
| Dec-1980 | 7.20% |
| Jan-1981 | 7.50% |
| Feb-1981 | 7.40% |
| Mar-1981 | 7.40% |
| Apr-1981 | 7.20% |
| May-1981 | 7.50% |
| Jun-1981 | 7.50% |
| Jul-1981 | 7.20% |
| Aug-1981 | 7.40% |
| Sep-1981 | 7.60% |
| Oct-1981 | 7.90% |
| Nov-1981 | 8.30% |
| Dec-1981 | 8.50% |
| Jan-1982 | 8.60% |
| Feb-1982 | 8.90% |
| Mar-1982 | 9.00% |
| Apr-1982 | 9.30% |
| May-1982 | 9.40% |
| Jun-1982 | 9.60% |
| Jul-1982 | 9.80% |
| Aug-1982 | 9.80% |
| Sep-1982 | 10.10% |
| Oct-1982 | 10.40% |
| Nov-1982 | 10.80% |
| Dec-1982 | 10.80% |
| Jan-1983 | 10.40% |
| Feb-1983 | 10.40% |
| Mar-1983 | 10.30% |
| Apr-1983 | 10.20% |
| May-1983 | 10.10% |
| Jun-1983 | 10.10% |
| Jul-1983 | 9.40% |
| Aug-1983 | 9.50% |
| Sep-1983 | 9.20% |
| Oct-1983 | 8.80% |
| Nov-1983 | 8.50% |
| Dec-1983 | 8.30% |
| Jan-1984 | 8.00% |
| Feb-1984 | 7.80% |
| Mar-1984 | 7.80% |
| Apr-1984 | 7.70% |
| May-1984 | 7.40% |
| Jun-1984 | 7.20% |
| Jul-1984 | 7.50% |
| Aug-1984 | 7.50% |
| Sep-1984 | 7.30% |
| Oct-1984 | 7.40% |
| Nov-1984 | 7.20% |
| Dec-1984 | 7.30% |
| Jan-1985 | 7.30% |
| Feb-1985 | 7.20% |
| Mar-1985 | 7.20% |
| Apr-1985 | 7.30% |
| May-1985 | 7.20% |
| Jun-1985 | 7.40% |
| Jul-1985 | 7.40% |
| Aug-1985 | 7.10% |
| Sep-1985 | 7.10% |
| Oct-1985 | 7.10% |
| Nov-1985 | 7.00% |
| Dec-1985 | 7.00% |
| Jan-1986 | 6.70% |
| Feb-1986 | 7.20% |
| Mar-1986 | 7.20% |
| Apr-1986 | 7.10% |
| May-1986 | 7.20% |
| Jun-1986 | 7.20% |
| Jul-1986 | 7.00% |
| Aug-1986 | 6.90% |
| Sep-1986 | 7.00% |
| Oct-1986 | 7.00% |
| Nov-1986 | 6.90% |
| Dec-1986 | 6.60% |
| Jan-1987 | 6.60% |
| Feb-1987 | 6.60% |
| Mar-1987 | 6.60% |
| Apr-1987 | 6.30% |
| May-1987 | 6.30% |
| Jun-1987 | 6.20% |
| Jul-1987 | 6.10% |
| Aug-1987 | 6.00% |
| Sep-1987 | 5.90% |
| Oct-1987 | 6.00% |
| Nov-1987 | 5.80% |
| Dec-1987 | 5.70% |
| Jan-1988 | 5.70% |
| Feb-1988 | 5.70% |
| Mar-1988 | 5.70% |
| Apr-1988 | 5.40% |
| May-1988 | 5.60% |
| Jun-1988 | 5.40% |
| Jul-1988 | 5.40% |
| Aug-1988 | 5.60% |
| Sep-1988 | 5.40% |
| Oct-1988 | 5.40% |
| Nov-1988 | 5.30% |
| Dec-1988 | 5.30% |
| Jan-1989 | 5.40% |
| Feb-1989 | 5.20% |
| Mar-1989 | 5.00% |
| Apr-1989 | 5.20% |
| May-1989 | 5.20% |
| Jun-1989 | 5.30% |
| Jul-1989 | 5.20% |
| Aug-1989 | 5.20% |
| Sep-1989 | 5.30% |
| Oct-1989 | 5.30% |
| Nov-1989 | 5.40% |
| Dec-1989 | 5.40% |
| Jan-1990 | 5.40% |
| Feb-1990 | 5.30% |
| Mar-1990 | 5.20% |
| Apr-1990 | 5.40% |
| May-1990 | 5.40% |
| Jun-1990 | 5.20% |
| Jul-1990 | 5.50% |
| Aug-1990 | 5.70% |
| Sep-1990 | 5.90% |
| Oct-1990 | 5.90% |
| Nov-1990 | 6.20% |
| Dec-1990 | 6.30% |
| Jan-1991 | 6.40% |
| Feb-1991 | 6.60% |
| Mar-1991 | 6.80% |
| Apr-1991 | 6.70% |
| May-1991 | 6.90% |
| Jun-1991 | 6.90% |
| Jul-1991 | 6.80% |
| Aug-1991 | 6.90% |
| Sep-1991 | 6.90% |
| Oct-1991 | 7.00% |
| Nov-1991 | 7.00% |
| Dec-1991 | 7.30% |
| Jan-1992 | 7.30% |
| Feb-1992 | 7.40% |
| Mar-1992 | 7.40% |
| Apr-1992 | 7.40% |
| May-1992 | 7.60% |
| Jun-1992 | 7.80% |
| Jul-1992 | 7.70% |
| Aug-1992 | 7.60% |
| Sep-1992 | 7.60% |
| Oct-1992 | 7.30% |
| Nov-1992 | 7.40% |
| Dec-1992 | 7.40% |
| Jan-1993 | 7.30% |
| Feb-1993 | 7.10% |
| Mar-1993 | 7.00% |
| Apr-1993 | 7.10% |
| May-1993 | 7.10% |
| Jun-1993 | 7.00% |
| Jul-1993 | 6.90% |
| Aug-1993 | 6.80% |
| Sep-1993 | 6.70% |
| Oct-1993 | 6.80% |
| Nov-1993 | 6.60% |
| Dec-1993 | 6.50% |
| Jan-1994 | 6.60% |
| Feb-1994 | 6.60% |
| Mar-1994 | 6.50% |
| Apr-1994 | 6.40% |
| May-1994 | 6.10% |
| Jun-1994 | 6.10% |
| Jul-1994 | 6.10% |
| Aug-1994 | 6.00% |
| Sep-1994 | 5.90% |
| Oct-1994 | 5.80% |
| Nov-1994 | 5.60% |
| Dec-1994 | 5.50% |
| Jan-1995 | 5.60% |
| Feb-1995 | 5.40% |
| Mar-1995 | 5.40% |
| Apr-1995 | 5.80% |
| May-1995 | 5.60% |
| Jun-1995 | 5.60% |
| Jul-1995 | 5.70% |
| Aug-1995 | 5.70% |
| Sep-1995 | 5.60% |
| Oct-1995 | 5.50% |
| Nov-1995 | 5.60% |
| Dec-1995 | 5.60% |
| Jan-1996 | 5.60% |
| Feb-1996 | 5.50% |
| Mar-1996 | 5.50% |
| Apr-1996 | 5.60% |
| May-1996 | 5.60% |
| Jun-1996 | 5.30% |
| Jul-1996 | 5.50% |
| Aug-1996 | 5.10% |
| Sep-1996 | 5.20% |
| Oct-1996 | 5.20% |
| Nov-1996 | 5.40% |
| Dec-1996 | 5.40% |
| Jan-1997 | 5.30% |
| Feb-1997 | 5.20% |
| Mar-1997 | 5.20% |
| Apr-1997 | 5.10% |
| May-1997 | 4.90% |
| Jun-1997 | 5.00% |
| Jul-1997 | 4.90% |
| Aug-1997 | 4.80% |
| Sep-1997 | 4.90% |
| Oct-1997 | 4.70% |
| Nov-1997 | 4.60% |
| Dec-1997 | 4.70% |
| Jan-1998 | 4.60% |
| Feb-1998 | 4.60% |
| Mar-1998 | 4.70% |
| Apr-1998 | 4.30% |
| May-1998 | 4.40% |
| Jun-1998 | 4.50% |
| Jul-1998 | 4.50% |
| Aug-1998 | 4.50% |
| Sep-1998 | 4.60% |
| Oct-1998 | 4.50% |
| Nov-1998 | 4.40% |
| Dec-1998 | 4.40% |
| Jan-1999 | 4.30% |
| Feb-1999 | 4.40% |
| Mar-1999 | 4.20% |
| Apr-1999 | 4.30% |
| May-1999 | 4.20% |
| Jun-1999 | 4.30% |
| Jul-1999 | 4.30% |
| Aug-1999 | 4.20% |
| Sep-1999 | 4.20% |
| Oct-1999 | 4.10% |
| Nov-1999 | 4.10% |
| Dec-1999 | 4.00% |
| Jan-2000 | 4.00% |
| Feb-2000 | 4.10% |
| Mar-2000 | 4.00% |
| Apr-2000 | 3.80% |
| May-2000 | 4.00% |
| Jun-2000 | 4.00% |
| Jul-2000 | 4.00% |
| Aug-2000 | 4.10% |
| Sep-2000 | 3.90% |
| Oct-2000 | 3.90% |
| Nov-2000 | 3.90% |
| Dec-2000 | 3.90% |
| Jan-2001 | 4.20% |
| Feb-2001 | 4.20% |
| Mar-2001 | 4.30% |
| Apr-2001 | 4.40% |
| May-2001 | 4.30% |
| Jun-2001 | 4.50% |
| Jul-2001 | 4.60% |
| Aug-2001 | 4.90% |
| Sep-2001 | 5.00% |
| Oct-2001 | 5.30% |
| Nov-2001 | 5.50% |
| Dec-2001 | 5.70% |
| Jan-2002 | 5.70% |
| Feb-2002 | 5.70% |
| Mar-2002 | 5.70% |
| Apr-2002 | 5.90% |
| May-2002 | 5.80% |
| Jun-2002 | 5.80% |
| Jul-2002 | 5.80% |
| Aug-2002 | 5.70% |
| Sep-2002 | 5.70% |
| Oct-2002 | 5.70% |
| Nov-2002 | 5.90% |
| Dec-2002 | 6.00% |
| Jan-2003 | 5.80% |
| Feb-2003 | 5.90% |
| Mar-2003 | 5.90% |
| Apr-2003 | 6.00% |
| May-2003 | 6.10% |
| Jun-2003 | 6.30% |
| Jul-2003 | 6.20% |
| Aug-2003 | 6.10% |
| Sep-2003 | 6.10% |
| Oct-2003 | 6.00% |
| Nov-2003 | 5.80% |
| Dec-2003 | 5.70% |
| Jan-2004 | 5.70% |
| Feb-2004 | 5.60% |
| Mar-2004 | 5.80% |
| Apr-2004 | 5.60% |
| May-2004 | 5.60% |
| Jun-2004 | 5.60% |
| Jul-2004 | 5.50% |
| Aug-2004 | 5.40% |
| Sep-2004 | 5.40% |
| Oct-2004 | 5.50% |
| Nov-2004 | 5.40% |
| Dec-2004 | 5.40% |
| Jan-2005 | 5.30% |
| Feb-2005 | 5.40% |
| Mar-2005 | 5.20% |
| Apr-2005 | 5.20% |
| May-2005 | 5.10% |
| Jun-2005 | 5.00% |
| Jul-2005 | 5.00% |
| Aug-2005 | 4.90% |
| Sep-2005 | 5.00% |
| Oct-2005 | 5.00% |
| Nov-2005 | 5.00% |
| Dec-2005 | 4.90% |
| Jan-2006 | 4.70% |
| Feb-2006 | 4.80% |
| Mar-2006 | 4.70% |
| Apr-2006 | 4.70% |
| May-2006 | 4.60% |
| Jun-2006 | 4.60% |
| Jul-2006 | 4.70% |
| Aug-2006 | 4.70% |
| Sep-2006 | 4.50% |
| Oct-2006 | 4.40% |
| Nov-2006 | 4.50% |
| Dec-2006 | 4.40% |
| Jan-2007 | 4.60% |
| Feb-2007 | 4.50% |
| Mar-2007 | 4.40% |
| Apr-2007 | 4.50% |
| May-2007 | 4.40% |
| Jun-2007 | 4.60% |
| Jul-2007 | 4.70% |
| Aug-2007 | 4.60% |
| Sep-2007 | 4.70% |
| Oct-2007 | 4.70% |
| Nov-2007 | 4.70% |
| Dec-2007 | 5.00% |
| Jan-2008 | 5.00% |
| Feb-2008 | 4.90% |
| Mar-2008 | 5.10% |
| Apr-2008 | 5.00% |
| May-2008 | 5.40% |
| Jun-2008 | 5.60% |
| Jul-2008 | 5.80% |
| Aug-2008 | 6.10% |
| Sep-2008 | 6.10% |
| Oct-2008 | 6.50% |
| Nov-2008 | 6.80% |
| Dec-2008 | 7.30% |
| Jan-2009 | 7.80% |
| Feb-2009 | 8.30% |
| Mar-2009 | 8.70% |
| Apr-2009 | 9.00% |
| May-2009 | 9.40% |
| Jun-2009 | 9.50% |
| Jul-2009 | 9.50% |
| Aug-2009 | 9.60% |
| Sep-2009 | 9.80% |
| Oct-2009 | 10.00% |
| Nov-2009 | 9.90% |
| Dec-2009 | 9.90% |
| Jan-2010 | 9.80% |
| Feb-2010 | 9.80% |
| Mar-2010 | 9.90% |
| Apr-2010 | 9.90% |
| May-2010 | 9.60% |
| Jun-2010 | 9.40% |
| Jul-2010 | 9.40% |
| Aug-2010 | 9.50% |
| Sep-2010 | 9.50% |
| Oct-2010 | 9.40% |
| Nov-2010 | 9.80% |
| Dec-2010 | 9.30% |
| Jan-2011 | 9.10% |
| Feb-2011 | 9.00% |
| Mar-2011 | 9.00% |
| Apr-2011 | 9.10% |
| May-2011 | 9.00% |
| Jun-2011 | 9.10% |
| Jul-2011 | 9.00% |
| Aug-2011 | 9.00% |
| Sep-2011 | 9.00% |
| Oct-2011 | 8.80% |
| Nov-2011 | 8.60% |
| Dec-2011 | 8.50% |
| Jan-2012 | 8.30% |
| Feb-2012 | 8.30% |
| Mar-2012 | 8.20% |
| Apr-2012 | 8.20% |
| May-2012 | 8.20% |
| Jun-2012 | 8.20% |
| Jul-2012 | 8.20% |
| Aug-2012 | 8.10% |
| Sep-2012 | 7.80% |
| Oct-2012 | 7.80% |
| Nov-2012 | 7.70% |
| Dec-2012 | 7.90% |
| Jan-2013 | 8.00% |
| Feb-2013 | 7.70% |
| Mar-2013 | 7.50% |
| Apr-2013 | 7.60% |
| May-2013 | 7.50% |
| Jun-2013 | 7.50% |
| Jul-2013 | 7.30% |
| Aug-2013 | 7.20% |
| Sep-2013 | 7.20% |
| Oct-2013 | 7.20% |
| Nov-2013 | 6.90% |
| Dec-2013 | 6.70% |
| Jan-2014 | 6.60% |
| Feb-2014 | 6.70% |
| Mar-2014 | 6.70% |
| Apr-2014 | 6.20% |
| May-2014 | 6.30% |
| Jun-2014 | 6.10% |
| Jul-2014 | 6.20% |
| Aug-2014 | 6.10% |
| Sep-2014 | 5.90% |
| Oct-2014 | 5.70% |
| Nov-2014 | 5.80% |
| Dec-2014 | 5.60% |
| Jan-2015 | 5.70% |
| Feb-2015 | 5.50% |
| Mar-2015 | 5.40% |
| Apr-2015 | 5.40% |
| May-2015 | 5.60% |
| Jun-2015 | 5.30% |
| Jul-2015 | 5.20% |
| Aug-2015 | 5.10% |
| Sep-2015 | 5.00% |
| Oct-2015 | 5.00% |
| Nov-2015 | 5.10% |
| Dec-2015 | 5.00% |
| Jan-2016 | 4.80% |
| Feb-2016 | 4.90% |
| Mar-2016 | 5.00% |
| Apr-2016 | 5.10% |
| May-2016 | 4.80% |
| Jun-2016 | 4.90% |
| Jul-2016 | 4.80% |
| Aug-2016 | 4.90% |
| Sep-2016 | 5.00% |
| Oct-2016 | 4.90% |
| Nov-2016 | 4.70% |
| Dec-2016 | 4.70% |
| Jan-2017 | 4.70% |
| Feb-2017 | 4.60% |
| Mar-2017 | 4.40% |
| Apr-2017 | 4.40% |
| May-2017 | 4.40% |
| Jun-2017 | 4.30% |
| Jul-2017 | 4.30% |
| Aug-2017 | 4.40% |
| Sep-2017 | 4.30% |
| Oct-2017 | 4.20% |
| Nov-2017 | 4.20% |
| Dec-2017 | 4.10% |
| Jan-2018 | 4.00% |
| Feb-2018 | 4.10% |
| Mar-2018 | 4.00% |
| Apr-2018 | 4.00% |
| May-2018 | 3.80% |
| Jun-2018 | 4.00% |
| Jul-2018 | 3.80% |
| Aug-2018 | 3.80% |
| Sep-2018 | 3.70% |
| Oct-2018 | 3.80% |
| Nov-2018 | 3.80% |
| Dec-2018 | 3.90% |
| Jan-2019 | 4.00% |
| Feb-2019 | 3.80% |
| Mar-2019 | 3.80% |
| Apr-2019 | 3.60% |
| May-2019 | 3.60% |
| Jun-2019 | 3.60% |
| Jul-2019 | 3.70% |
| Aug-2019 | 3.70% |
| Sep-2019 | 3.50% |
| Oct-2019 | 3.60% |
| Nov-2019 | 3.60% |
| Dec-2019 | 3.60% |
| Jan-2020 | 3.50% |
| Feb-2020 | 3.50% |
| Mar-2020 | 4.40% |
| Apr-2020 | 14.70% |
| May-2020 | 13.20% |
| Jun-2020 | 11.00% |
| Jul-2020 | 10.20% |
| Aug-2020 | 8.40% |
| Sep-2020 | 7.90% |
| Oct-2020 | 6.90% |
| Nov-2020 | 6.70% |
| Dec-2020 | 6.70% |
| Jan-2021 | 6.40% |
| Feb-2021 | 6.20% |
| Mar-2021 | 6.00% |
| Apr-2021 | 6.00% |
| May-2021 | 5.80% |
| Jun-2021 | 5.90% |
| Jul-2021 | 5.40% |
| Aug-2021 | 5.20% |
| Sep-2021 | 4.70% |
| Oct-2021 | 4.60% |
| Nov-2021 | 4.20% |
| Dec-2021 | 3.90% |
| Jan-2022 | 4.00% |
| Feb-2022 | 3.80% |
| Mar-2022 | 3.60% |
| Apr-2022 | 3.60% |
| May-2022 | 3.60% |
| Jun-2022 | 3.60% |
| Jul-2022 | 3.50% |
Note: Shaded areas denote recessions.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Population Survey.
Jobs Day
Unemployment rate of workers age 16 and older by race and ethnicity, 1995–2022
| Date | White | Black | Hispanic | AAPI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan-1995 | 4.8 | 10.3 | 10.2 | |
| Feb-1995 | 4.7 | 10.1 | 9 | |
| Mar-1995 | 4.7 | 9.7 | 8.9 | |
| Apr-1995 | 5 | 10.7 | 8.9 | |
| May-1995 | 5 | 10 | 9.8 | |
| Jun-1995 | 4.9 | 10.7 | 9.1 | |
| Jul-1995 | 4.9 | 10.9 | 8.8 | |
| Aug-1995 | 4.9 | 11.1 | 9.6 | |
| Sep-1995 | 4.9 | 11.1 | 9.1 | |
| Oct-1995 | 4.9 | 10 | 9.4 | |
| Nov-1995 | 5 | 9.7 | 9.5 | |
| Dec-1995 | 4.9 | 10.2 | 9.3 | |
| Jan-1996 | 4.9 | 10.6 | 9.4 | |
| Feb-1996 | 4.8 | 10 | 9.6 | |
| Mar-1996 | 4.8 | 10.6 | 9.6 | |
| Apr-1996 | 4.8 | 10.7 | 9.6 | |
| May-1996 | 4.9 | 10.2 | 9.6 | |
| Jun-1996 | 4.6 | 10.4 | 8.8 | |
| Jul-1996 | 4.7 | 10.6 | 8.8 | |
| Aug-1996 | 4.4 | 10.6 | 8.8 | |
| Sep-1996 | 4.5 | 10.6 | 8.2 | |
| Oct-1996 | 4.5 | 10.7 | 8 | |
| Nov-1996 | 4.6 | 10.6 | 8.5 | |
| Dec-1996 | 4.6 | 10.5 | 7.4 | |
| Jan-1997 | 4.5 | 10.8 | 8.4 | |
| Feb-1997 | 4.5 | 10.7 | 8.2 | |
| Mar-1997 | 4.4 | 10.5 | 8.3 | |
| Apr-1997 | 4.3 | 10.2 | 8.2 | |
| May-1997 | 4.1 | 10.3 | 7.7 | |
| Jun-1997 | 4.2 | 10.8 | 7.5 | |
| Jul-1997 | 4.2 | 9.5 | 7.9 | |
| Aug-1997 | 4.2 | 9.4 | 7.2 | |
| Sep-1997 | 4.2 | 9.5 | 7.4 | |
| Oct-1997 | 4.1 | 9.5 | 7.8 | |
| Nov-1997 | 3.9 | 9.5 | 7 | |
| Dec-1997 | 3.9 | 10 | 7.3 | |
| Jan-1998 | 4 | 9.4 | 7.1 | |
| Feb-1998 | 3.9 | 9.3 | 6.9 | |
| Mar-1998 | 4 | 9.2 | 6.9 | |
| Apr-1998 | 3.7 | 9.1 | 6.7 | |
| May-1998 | 3.8 | 8.9 | 6.9 | |
| Jun-1998 | 3.9 | 8.8 | 7.4 | |
| Jul-1998 | 3.8 | 9.5 | 7.3 | |
| Aug-1998 | 3.9 | 8.8 | 7.4 | |
| Sep-1998 | 3.9 | 9.1 | 7.3 | |
| Oct-1998 | 3.9 | 8.6 | 7.2 | |
| Nov-1998 | 3.8 | 8.6 | 7.1 | |
| Dec-1998 | 3.8 | 7.7 | 7.7 | |
| Jan-1999 | 3.8 | 7.8 | 6.7 | |
| Feb-1999 | 3.8 | 8.2 | 6.7 | |
| Mar-1999 | 3.6 | 8 | 5.8 | |
| Apr-1999 | 3.8 | 7.8 | 7 | |
| May-1999 | 3.7 | 7.4 | 6.7 | |
| Jun-1999 | 3.8 | 7.7 | 6.6 | |
| Jul-1999 | 3.7 | 8.7 | 6.5 | |
| Aug-1999 | 3.7 | 7.7 | 6.5 | |
| Sep-1999 | 3.6 | 8.5 | 6.7 | |
| Oct-1999 | 3.5 | 8.4 | 6.4 | |
| Nov-1999 | 3.5 | 8 | 6 | |
| Dec-1999 | 3.5 | 7.8 | 5.8 | |
| Jan-2000 | 3.4 | 8.2 | 5.6 | |
| Feb-2000 | 3.6 | 8.1 | 5.7 | |
| Mar-2000 | 3.5 | 7.4 | 6.1 | |
| Apr-2000 | 3.4 | 7% | 5.5 | |
| May-2000 | 3.5 | 7.7 | 5.8 | |
| Jun-2000 | 3.4 | 7.8 | 5.6 | |
| Jul-2000 | 3.5 | 7.7 | 5.8 | |
| Aug-2000 | 3.6 | 7.9 | 5.9 | |
| Sep-2000 | 3.5 | 7.3 | 5.8 | |
| Oct-2000 | 3.4% | 7.3 | 5.1 | |
| Nov-2000 | 3.5 | 7.3 | 6 | |
| Dec-2000 | 3.5 | 7.4 | 5.7 | |
| Jan-2001 | 3.6 | 8.2 | 5.8 | |
| Feb-2001 | 3.7 | 7.7 | 6.1 | |
| Mar-2001 | 3.7 | 8.3 | 6.2 | |
| Apr-2001 | 3.9 | 8 | 6.4 | |
| May-2001 | 3.8 | 7.9 | 6.3 | |
| Jun-2001 | 4 | 8.3 | 6.6 | |
| Jul-2001 | 4 | 8 | 6.2 | |
| Aug-2001 | 4.3 | 9.1 | 6.5 | |
| Sep-2001 | 4.3 | 8.9 | 6.7 | |
| Oct-2001 | 4.7 | 9.5 | 7.1 | |
| Nov-2001 | 4.9 | 9.8 | 7.3 | |
| Dec-2001 | 5.1 | 10.1 | 7.7 | |
| Jan-2002 | 5.1 | 10 | 7.8 | |
| Feb-2002 | 5 | 9.9 | 7 | |
| Mar-2002 | 5 | 10.5 | 7.5 | |
| Apr-2002 | 5.2 | 10.7 | 8 | |
| May-2002 | 5.1 | 10.2 | 7.1 | |
| Jun-2002 | 5.1 | 10.5 | 7.4 | |
| Jul-2002 | 5.2 | 9.8 | 7.4 | |
| Aug-2002 | 5.1 | 9.8 | 7.5 | |
| Sep-2002 | 5.1 | 9.7 | 7.4 | |
| Oct-2002 | 5.1 | 9.8 | 7.9 | |
| Nov-2002 | 5.1 | 10.7 | 7.8 | |
| Dec-2002 | 5.1 | 11.3 | 7.9 | |
| Jan-2003 | 5.2 | 10.5 | 7.9 | 5.5 |
| Feb-2003 | 5.1 | 10.7 | 7.7 | 5.8 |
| Mar-2003 | 5.1 | 10.3 | 7.8 | 6.5 |
| Apr-2003 | 5.3 | 10.9 | 7.6 | 6 |
| May-2003 | 5.4 | 10.9 | 8 | 5.5 |
| Jun-2003 | 5.5 | 11.5 | 8.3 | 7.4 |
| Jul-2003 | 5.4 | 10.9 | 8 | 5.9 |
| Aug-2003 | 5.4 | 10.9 | 7.7 | 6 |
| Sep-2003 | 5.3 | 11.1 | 7.3 | 6.4 |
| Oct-2003 | 5.1 | 11.4 | 7.5 | 6.2 |
| Nov-2003 | 5.2 | 10.2 | 7.4 | 5.2 |
| Dec-2003 | 5 | 10.1 | 6.7 | 5.4 |
| Jan-2004 | 5 | 10.4 | 7.3 | 5 |
| Feb-2004 | 4.9 | 9.7 | 7.4 | 4.5 |
| Mar-2004 | 5.1 | 10.3 | 7.6 | 4.3 |
| Apr-2004 | 5 | 9.8 | 7.1 | 4.7 |
| May-2004 | 4.9 | 10.1 | 6.9 | 4.6 |
| Jun-2004 | 5 | 10.2 | 6.6 | 4.6 |
| Jul-2004 | 4.7 | 11 | 6.8 | 3.9 |
| Aug-2004 | 4.7 | 10.5 | 6.8 | 3.7 |
| Sep-2004 | 4.6 | 10.3 | 6.8 | 4.5 |
| Oct-2004 | 4.6 | 10.8 | 6.8 | 4.9 |
| Nov-2004 | 4.6 | 10.7 | 6.7 | 4.1 |
| Dec-2004 | 4.5 | 10.7 | 6.6 | 4.2 |
| Jan-2005 | 4.5 | 10.6 | 6 | 4.1 |
| Feb-2005 | 4.6 | 10.9 | 6.3 | 4.3 |
| Mar-2005 | 4.5 | 10.5 | 5.8 | 3.9 |
| Apr-2005 | 4.4 | 10.3 | 6.4 | 4.2 |
| May-2005 | 4.4 | 10.1 | 6 | 4.2 |
| Jun-2005 | 4.3 | 10.2 | 5.7 | 3.6 |
| Jul-2005 | 4.2 | 9.2 | 5.5 | 4.8 |
| Aug-2005 | 4.2 | 9.7 | 5.8 | 3.7 |
| Sep-2005 | 4.4 | 9.4 | 6.4 | 4.3 |
| Oct-2005 | 4.4 | 9.1 | 6 | 3.2 |
| Nov-2005 | 4.3 | 10.6 | 6.1 | 3.6 |
| Dec-2005 | 4.2 | 9.2 | 6.1 | 3.8 |
| Jan-2006 | 4.1 | 8.9 | 5.5 | 3 |
| Feb-2006 | 4.1 | 9.5 | 5.4 | 3 |
| Mar-2006 | 4 | 9.5 | 5.2 | 3.5 |
| Apr-2006 | 4.1 | 9.4 | 5.5 | 3.9 |
| May-2006 | 4.1 | 8.7 | 5 | 3.3 |
| Jun-2006 | 4.1 | 8.9 | 5.2 | 3.1 |
| Jul-2006 | 4.1 | 9.5 | 5.2 | 2.4 |
| Aug-2006 | 4.1 | 8.8 | 5.3 | 3 |
| Sep-2006 | 3.9 | 9 | 5.5 | 3 |
| Oct-2006 | 3.9 | 8.4 | 4.8% | 2.8 |
| Nov-2006 | 4 | 8.5 | 5.1 | 3.1 |
| Dec-2006 | 3.9 | 8.3 | 5 | 2.5 |
| Jan-2007 | 4.2 | 7.9 | 5.5 | 3.1 |
| Feb-2007 | 4.1 | 8 | 5.1 | 2.6 |
| Mar-2007 | 3.8 | 8.4 | 5 | 3 |
| Apr-2007 | 4 | 8.3 | 5.6 | 3.5 |
| May-2007 | 3.9 | 8.3 | 5.8 | 3.2 |
| Jun-2007 | 4.1 | 8.5 | 5.5 | 2.7 |
| Jul-2007 | 4.2 | 8.1 | 5.9 | 2.7 |
| Aug-2007 | 4.2 | 7.6 | 5.5 | 3.5 |
| Sep-2007 | 4.2 | 8 | 5.9 | 3.4 |
| Oct-2007 | 4.1 | 8.5 | 5.7 | 3.8 |
| Nov-2007 | 4.2 | 8.5 | 5.9 | 3.6 |
| Dec-2007 | 4.4 | 9 | 6.3 | 3.7 |
| Jan-2008 | 4.4 | 9.1 | 6.3 | 3.1 |
| Feb-2008 | 4.4 | 8.4 | 6.2 | 2.9 |
| Mar-2008 | 4.5 | 9.2 | 6.9 | 3.6 |
| Apr-2008 | 4.4 | 8.6 | 7.1 | 3.5 |
| May-2008 | 4.8 | 9.6 | 6.9 | 4.1 |
| Jun-2008 | 5 | 9.4 | 7.6 | 4.2 |
| Jul-2008 | 5.2 | 10 | 7.5 | 3.7 |
| Aug-2008 | 5.4 | 10.6 | 8 | 4.5 |
| Sep-2008 | 5.4 | 11.3 | 8 | 4 |
| Oct-2008 | 5.9 | 11.4 | 8.8 | 3.9 |
| Nov-2008 | 6.2 | 11.5 | 8.7 | 4.8 |
| Dec-2008 | 6.7 | 12.1 | 9.4 | 5.1 |
| Jan-2009 | 7.1 | 12.7 | 10.1 | 6.1 |
| Feb-2009 | 7.6 | 13.7 | 11.3 | 6.7 |
| Mar-2009 | 8 | 13.7 | 11.7 | 6.5 |
| Apr-2009 | 8.1 | 15 | 11.4 | 6.8 |
| May-2009 | 8.5 | 15 | 12.3 | 7 |
| Jun-2009 | 8.7 | 14.8 | 12.1 | 7.9 |
| Jul-2009 | 8.7 | 14.8 | 12.5 | 8.1 |
| Aug-2009 | 8.9 | 16.8% | 13 | 7.6 |
| Sep-2009 | 8.9 | 15.3 | 12.6 | 7.6 |
| Oct-2009 | 9.2 | 15.8 | 12.8 | 7.6 |
| Nov-2009 | 9.2% | 15.7 | 12.4 | 7.2 |
| Dec-2009 | 9 | 16.1 | 12.8 | 8.4 |
| Jan-2010 | 8.8 | 16.5 | 12.9 | 8.3 |
| Feb-2010 | 8.9 | 16.1 | 12.7 | 8.2 |
| Mar-2010 | 8.9 | 16.8 | 13% | 7.6 |
| Apr-2010 | 9 | 16.6 | 12.5 | 7 |
| May-2010 | 8.7 | 15.5 | 12 | 7.8 |
| Jun-2010 | 8.6 | 15.2 | 12.3 | 7.4 |
| Jul-2010 | 8.5 | 15.6 | 12.2 | 7.9 |
| Aug-2010 | 8.6 | 15.9 | 12 | 7.3 |
| Sep-2010 | 8.6 | 16 | 12.3 | 6.6 |
| Oct-2010 | 8.6 | 15.6 | 12.3 | 7.2 |
| Nov-2010 | 8.9 | 16.2 | 12.9 | 7.5 |
| Dec-2010 | 8.5 | 15.5 | 12.9 | 7.2 |
| Jan-2011 | 8.1 | 15.8 | 12.3 | 6.8 |
| Feb-2011 | 8.1 | 15.5 | 11.8 | 6.7 |
| Mar-2011 | 8 | 15.8 | 11.6 | 7.3 |
| Apr-2011 | 8.1 | 16.5 | 11.9 | 6.5 |
| May-2011 | 7.9 | 16.3 | 11.6 | 7.2 |
| Jun-2011 | 8.1 | 16.2 | 11.5 | 6.5 |
| Jul-2011 | 8 | 15.9 | 11.2 | 7.4 |
| Aug-2011 | 7.9 | 16.4 | 11.2 | 7.2 |
| Sep-2011 | 7.9 | 15.9 | 11.2 | 8 |
| Oct-2011 | 7.9 | 14.6 | 11.3 | 7.4 |
| Nov-2011 | 7.7 | 15.6 | 11.2 | 6.4 |
| Dec-2011 | 7.5 | 15.4 | 11.1 | 6.8 |
| Jan-2012 | 7.4 | 13.6 | 10.7 | 6.7 |
| Feb-2012 | 7.4 | 14 | 10.9 | 6.2 |
| Mar-2012 | 7.3 | 14 | 10.6 | 6.4 |
| Apr-2012 | 7.4 | 13.3 | 10.3 | 5.4 |
| May-2012 | 7.4 | 13.5 | 10.9 | 5.5 |
| Jun-2012 | 7.3 | 14.5 | 10.9 | 6.1 |
| Jul-2012 | 7.3 | 14.2 | 10.2 | 5.9 |
| Aug-2012 | 7.2 | 13.8 | 10.1 | 5.9 |
| Sep-2012 | 7 | 13.6 | 9.7 | 4.9 |
| Oct-2012 | 6.9 | 14.1 | 10 | 4.9 |
| Nov-2012 | 6.8 | 13.3 | 9.9 | 6.3 |
| Dec-2012 | 6.9 | 14 | 9.6 | 6.6 |
| Jan-2013 | 7.1 | 13.7 | 9.7 | 6.4 |
| Feb-2013 | 6.8 | 13.8 | 9.7 | 6 |
| Mar-2013 | 6.7 | 13 | 9.3 | 5.1 |
| Apr-2013 | 6.7 | 13.3 | 9 | 5.3 |
| May-2013 | 6.7 | 13.4 | 9 | 4.5 |
| Jun-2013 | 6.6 | 14.2 | 9.1 | 4.7 |
| Jul-2013 | 6.5 | 12.6 | 9.4 | 5.3 |
| Aug-2013 | 6.4 | 12.8 | 9.2 | 5.1 |
| Sep-2013 | 6.3 | 13 | 8.8 | 5.4 |
| Oct-2013 | 6.3 | 12.8 | 9.1 | 5.4 |
| Nov-2013 | 6.1 | 12.3 | 8.7 | 5.2 |
| Dec-2013 | 5.9 | 11.9 | 8.3 | 4.3 |
| Jan-2014 | 5.7 | 12.1 | 8.3 | 4.7 |
| Feb-2014 | 5.8 | 11.8 | 8.2 | 5.9 |
| Mar-2014 | 5.8 | 12.1 | 7.9 | 5.5 |
| Apr-2014 | 5.3 | 11.6 | 7.2 | 5.9 |
| May-2014 | 5.4 | 11.4 | 7.7 | 5.7 |
| Jun-2014 | 5.3 | 11 | 7.8 | 4.7 |
| Jul-2014 | 5.3 | 11.6 | 7.7 | 4.2 |
| Aug-2014 | 5.3 | 11.4 | 7.4 | 4.5 |
| Sep-2014 | 5.1 | 11 | 6.8 | 4.4 |
| Oct-2014 | 4.9 | 10.6 | 6.8 | 5.1 |
| Nov-2014 | 5 | 10.9 | 6.6 | 4.8 |
| Dec-2014 | 4.7 | 10.6 | 6.4 | 4.4 |
| Jan-2015 | 4.9 | 10.3 | 6.7 | 4 |
| Feb-2015 | 4.7 | 10.1 | 6.8 | 4 |
| Mar-2015 | 4.8 | 9.9 | 6.8 | 3.2 |
| Apr-2015 | 4.7 | 9.7 | 6.8 | 4.4 |
| May-2015 | 4.8 | 10.3 | 6.8 | 4.1 |
| Jun-2015 | 4.6 | 9.7 | 6.7 | 3.9 |
| Jul-2015 | 4.5 | 9.1 | 6.9 | 3.9 |
| Aug-2015 | 4.4 | 9.4 | 6.6 | 3.4 |
| Sep-2015 | 4.4 | 9.3 | 6.2 | 3.5 |
| Oct-2015 | 4.4 | 9 | 6.3 | 3.5 |
| Nov-2015 | 4.4 | 9.4 | 6.4 | 3.9 |
| Dec-2015 | 4.4 | 8.5 | 6.2 | 4.1 |
| Jan-2016 | 4.2 | 8.5 | 5.9 | 3.6 |
| Feb-2016 | 4.2 | 8.6 | 5.5 | 3.8 |
| Mar-2016 | 4.3 | 8.9 | 5.6 | 3.9 |
| Apr-2016 | 4.4 | 8.8 | 6.2 | 3.8 |
| May-2016 | 4.2 | 8.2 | 5.7 | 4.1 |
| Jun-2016 | 4.3 | 8.7 | 6 | 3.6 |
| Jul-2016 | 4.2 | 8.2 | 5.4 | 3.8 |
| Aug-2016 | 4.4 | 8 | 5.6 | 4.1 |
| Sep-2016 | 4.4 | 8.5 | 6.2 | 3.8 |
| Oct-2016 | 4.4 | 8.5 | 5.7 | 3.4 |
| Nov-2016 | 4.2 | 8.2 | 5.6 | 3.1 |
| Dec-2016 | 4.2 | 8 | 5.8 | 2.7 |
| Jan-2017 | 4.2 | 7.4 | 5.8 | 3.7 |
| Feb-2017 | 4 | 8 | 5.6 | 3.4 |
| Mar-2017 | 3.9 | 7.9 | 5 | 3.3 |
| Apr-2017 | 3.9 | 7.8 | 5.2 | 3.3 |
| May-2017 | 3.8 | 7.6 | 5.2 | 3.6 |
| Jun-2017 | 3.8 | 7.1 | 5 | 3.7 |
| Jul-2017 | 3.7 | 7.2 | 5.1 | 3.8 |
| Aug-2017 | 3.9 | 7.5 | 5.1 | 3.9 |
| Sep-2017 | 3.7 | 7.2 | 5.1 | 3.6 |
| Oct-2017 | 3.6 | 7.6 | 5 | 3 |
| Nov-2017 | 3.7 | 7.5 | 4.9 | 3 |
| Dec-2017 | 3.7 | 6.9 | 5 | 2.5 |
| Jan-2018 | 3.5 | 7.5 | 4.9 | 3 |
| Feb-2018 | 3.6 | 6.8 | 4.9 | 2.9 |
| Mar-2018 | 3.5 | 6.6 | 4.9 | 3.1 |
| Apr-2018 | 3.6 | 6.5 | 4.8 | 2.9 |
| May-2018 | 3.5 | 5.8 | 4.8 | 2.2 |
| Jun-2018 | 3.5 | 6.5 | 4.6 | 3.3 |
| Jul-2018 | 3.3 | 6.4 | 4.5 | 3.1 |
| Aug-2018 | 3.4 | 6.2 | 4.7 | 2.9 |
| Sep-2018 | 3.3 | 6.2 | 4.6 | 3.5 |
| Oct-2018 | 3.3 | 6.4 | 4.4 | 3.1 |
| Nov-2018 | 3.4 | 6.2 | 4.6 | 2.8 |
| Dec-2018 | 3.4 | 6.8 | 4.5 | 3.3 |
| Jan-2019 | 3.5 | 6.9 | 4.8 | 3 |
| Feb-2019 | 3.2 | 7 | 4.3 | 3.1 |
| Mar-2019 | 3.3 | 6.5 | 4.5 | 3.1 |
| Apr-2019 | 3.2 | 6.6 | 4.1 | 2.3 |
| May-2019 | 3.3 | 6.1 | 4.1 | 2.5 |
| Jun-2019 | 3.3 | 6 | 4.3 | 2.2 |
| Jul-2019 | 3.3 | 5.6 | 4.4 | 2.8 |
| Aug-2019 | 3.4 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 2.8 |
| Sep-2019 | 3.2 | 5.4 | 4 | 2.5 |
| Oct-2019 | 3.3 | 5.6 | 4.2 | 2.9 |
| Nov-2019 | 3.3 | 5.7 | 4.3 | 2.6 |
| Dec-2019 | 3.1 | 6.2 | 4.3 | 2.6 |
| Jan-2020 | 3 | 6.1 | 4.3 | 3.1 |
| Feb-2020 | 3 | 6 | 4.4 | 2.4 |
| Mar-2020 | 3.9 | 6.8 | 6 | 4.1 |
| Apr-2020 | 14.1 | 16.7 | 18.9 | 14.5 |
| May-2020 | 12.3 | 16.7 | 17.6 | 14.9 |
| Jun-2020 | 10.1 | 15.3 | 14.5 | 13.9 |
| Jul-2020 | 9.2 | 14.4 | 12.7 | 11.9 |
| Aug-2020 | 7.4 | 12.8 | 10.5 | 10.6 |
| Sep-2020 | 7 | 12 | 10.3 | 8.8 |
| Oct-2020 | 6 | 10.8 | 8.8 | 7.6 |
| Nov-2020 | 5.9 | 10.3 | 8.4 | 6.7 |
| Dec-2020 | 6 | 9.9 | 9.3 | 5.9 |
| Jan-2021 | 5.7 | 9.2 | 8.6 | 6.6 |
| Feb-2021 | 5.6 | 9.9 | 8.5 | 5.1 |
| Mar-2021 | 5.4 | 9.6 | 7.9 | 6 |
| Apr-2021 | 5.3 | 9.7 | 7.9 | 5.7 |
| May-2021 | 5.1 | 9.1 | 7.3 | 5.5 |
| Jun-2021 | 5.2 | 9.2 | 7.4 | 5.8 |
| Jul-2021 | 4.8 | 8.2 | 6.6 | 5.3 |
| Aug-2021 | 4.5 | 8.8 | 6.4 | 4.6 |
| Sep-2021 | 4.2 | 7.9 | 6.3 | 4.2 |
| Oct-2021 | 4 | 7.9 | 5.9 | 4.2 |
| Nov-2021 | 3.7 | 6.5 | 5.2 | 3.9 |
| Dec-2021 | 3.2 | 7.1 | 4.9 | 3.8 |
| Jan-2022 | 3.4 | 6.9 | 4.9 | 3.6 |
| Feb-2022 | 3.3 | 6.6 | 4.4 | 3.1 |
| Mar-2022 | 3.2 | 6.2 | 4.2 | 2.8 |
| Apr-2022 | 3.2 | 5.9 | 4.1 | 3.1 |
| May-2022 | 3.2 | 6.2 | 4.3 | 2.4 |
| Jun-2022 | 3.3 | 5.8 | 4.3 | 3 |
| Jul-2022 | 3.1 | 6.0 | 3.9 | 2.6 |
Notes: AAPI refers to Asian American and Pacific Islander. Race/ethnicity categories are mutually exclusive (i.e., white non-Hispanic, Black non-Hispanic, AAPI non-Hispanic, and Hispanic any race). Low-point and high-point of each series prior to the recovery from the Great Recession marked.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Population Survey, public data series.
Jobs Day
Employment-to-population ratio of workers ages 25–54, by gender, 1989–2022
| Date | Employment-to-population ratio, men | Employment-to-population ratio, women |
|---|---|---|
| Jan-1989 | 89.9 | 70.5 |
| Feb-1989 | 89.8 | 70.4 |
| Mar-1989 | 89.9 | 70.2 |
| Apr-1989 | 89.7 | 70.3 |
| May-1989 | 89.8 | 70.1 |
| Jun-1989 | 90 | 70.1 |
| Jul-1989 | 89.9 | 70 |
| Aug-1989 | 90 | 70.2 |
| Sep-1989 | 89.7 | 70.7 |
| Oct-1989 | 89.8 | 70.5 |
| Nov-1989 | 89.9 | 70.8 |
| Dec-1989 | 90 | 70.7 |
| Jan-1990 | 89.9 | 70.9 |
| Feb-1990 | 90.1 | 70.8 |
| Mar-1990 | 89.8 | 70.8 |
| Apr-1990 | 89.4 | 70.7 |
| May-1990 | 89.3 | 70.8 |
| Jun-1990 | 89.3 | 70.6 |
| Jul-1990 | 89 | 70.6 |
| Aug-1990 | 88.9 | 70.5 |
| Sep-1990 | 88.7 | 70.5 |
| Oct-1990 | 88.6 | 70.4 |
| Nov-1990 | 88.5 | 70.2 |
| Dec-1990 | 88.1 | 70.1 |
| Jan-1991 | 88.2 | 69.9 |
| Feb-1991 | 88 | 70.1 |
| Mar-1991 | 87.7 | 70 |
| Apr-1991 | 87.9 | 70.3 |
| May-1991 | 87.4 | 70.1 |
| Jun-1991 | 87.5 | 70.2 |
| Jul-1991 | 87.5 | 70.1 |
| Aug-1991 | 87.4 | 70 |
| Sep-1991 | 87.5 | 70.1 |
| Oct-1991 | 87.2 | 70 |
| Nov-1991 | 87.1 | 70 |
| Dec-1991 | 86.9 | 69.9 |
| Jan-1992 | 86.9 | 70.1 |
| Feb-1992 | 86.6 | 70 |
| Mar-1992 | 86.8 | 70 |
| Apr-1992 | 86.9 | 70.2 |
| May-1992 | 86.8 | 70.3 |
| Jun-1992 | 86.9 | 70.3 |
| Jul-1992 | 86.9 | 70.2 |
| Aug-1992 | 86.9 | 70.2 |
| Sep-1992 | 86.8 | 70.1 |
| Oct-1992 | 86.7 | 70 |
| Nov-1992 | 86.6 | 70.1 |
| Dec-1992 | 86.7 | 69.9 |
| Jan-1993 | 86.8 | 69.9 |
| Feb-1993 | 86.7 | 69.9 |
| Mar-1993 | 86.5 | 70.3 |
| Apr-1993 | 86.8 | 69.9 |
| May-1993 | 87 | 70.2 |
| Jun-1993 | 87.1 | 70.4 |
| Jul-1993 | 87.1 | 70.4 |
| Aug-1993 | 87.2 | 70.6 |
| Sep-1993 | 87.1 | 70.5 |
| Oct-1993 | 87.1 | 70.5 |
| Nov-1993 | 87.5 | 70.7 |
| Dec-1993 | 87.4 | 71 |
| Jan-1994 | 87.1 | 71 |
| Feb-1994 | 86.8 | 71.3 |
| Mar-1994 | 87 | 71.1 |
| Apr-1994 | 87.1 | 71.2 |
| May-1994 | 87.3 | 71.3 |
| Jun-1994 | 87 | 70.9 |
| Jul-1994 | 87 | 71.4 |
| Aug-1994 | 87 | 71.7 |
| Sep-1994 | 87.4 | 72.1 |
| Oct-1994 | 87.5 | 71.9 |
| Nov-1994 | 87.9 | 72 |
| Dec-1994 | 88 | 71.8 |
| Jan-1995 | 87.9 | 71.8 |
| Feb-1995 | 88.1 | 72.2 |
| Mar-1995 | 87.9 | 72.1 |
| Apr-1995 | 87.7 | 72.2 |
| May-1995 | 87.6 | 72.1 |
| Jun-1995 | 87.6 | 71.7 |
| Jul-1995 | 87.5 | 72.2 |
| Aug-1995 | 87.4 | 72.1 |
| Sep-1995 | 87.6 | 72.3 |
| Oct-1995 | 87.6 | 72.3 |
| Nov-1995 | 87.2 | 72.6 |
| Dec-1995 | 87.2 | 72.4 |
| Jan-1996 | 87.5 | 72.4 |
| Feb-1996 | 87.7 | 72.4 |
| Mar-1996 | 87.5 | 72.6 |
| Apr-1996 | 87.5 | 72.6 |
| May-1996 | 87.6 | 72.5 |
| Jun-1996 | 87.8 | 72.7 |
| Jul-1996 | 88.1 | 72.9 |
| Aug-1996 | 88.4 | 73 |
| Sep-1996 | 88.1 | 73 |
| Oct-1996 | 88.3 | 73.1 |
| Nov-1996 | 88.2 | 73 |
| Dec-1996 | 88.3 | 73 |
| Jan-1997 | 88.2 | 73.2 |
| Feb-1997 | 88.2 | 72.9 |
| Mar-1997 | 88.2 | 73.3 |
| Apr-1997 | 88.1 | 73.5 |
| May-1997 | 88.1 | 73.3 |
| Jun-1997 | 88.4 | 73.6 |
| Jul-1997 | 88.6 | 73.9 |
| Aug-1997 | 88.7 | 74.1 |
| Sep-1997 | 88.6 | 73.9 |
| Oct-1997 | 88.6 | 73.8 |
| Nov-1997 | 88.7 | 73.6 |
| Dec-1997 | 88.6 | 73.6 |
| Jan-1998 | 88.8 | 73.4 |
| Feb-1998 | 88.9 | 73.4 |
| Mar-1998 | 88.8 | 73.5 |
| Apr-1998 | 88.9 | 73.5 |
| May-1998 | 88.8 | 73.4 |
| Jun-1998 | 88.7 | 73.6 |
| Jul-1998 | 88.7 | 73.8 |
| Aug-1998 | 88.8 | 73.9 |
| Sep-1998 | 88.8 | 74 |
| Oct-1998 | 88.8 | 73.7 |
| Nov-1998 | 89.1 | 73.7 |
| Dec-1998 | 88.9 | 74 |
| Jan-1999 | 89.7 | 74.3 |
| Feb-1999 | 89.2 | 74.1 |
| Mar-1999 | 89.2 | 73.8 |
| Apr-1999 | 89.1 | 73.8 |
| May-1999 | 88.9 | 74.1 |
| Jun-1999 | 88.8 | 74.2 |
| Jul-1999 | 88.8 | 73.8 |
| Aug-1999 | 88.7 | 74.1 |
| Sep-1999 | 88.6 | 74.3 |
| Oct-1999 | 88.7 | 74.5 |
| Nov-1999 | 89 | 74.5 |
| Dec-1999 | 89 | 74.3 |
| Jan-2000 | 89.5 | 74.4 |
| Feb-2000 | 89.4 | 74.5 |
| Mar-2000 | 89.3 | 74.5 |
| Apr-2000 | 89.2 | 74.9 |
| May-2000 | 89 | 74.4 |
| Jun-2000 | 89.1 | 74.2 |
| Jul-2000 | 88.9 | 73.9 |
| Aug-2000 | 88.9 | 73.6 |
| Sep-2000 | 88.6 | 73.9 |
| Oct-2000 | 88.6 | 73.9 |
| Nov-2000 | 88.8 | 74.1 |
| Dec-2000 | 88.9 | 74.1 |
| Jan-2001 | 88.9 | 74.2 |
| Feb-2001 | 88.8 | 74.2 |
| Mar-2001 | 88.5 | 74.3 |
| Apr-2001 | 88.3 | 73.7 |
| May-2001 | 88.3 | 73.7 |
| Jun-2001 | 88.1 | 73.4 |
| Jul-2001 | 87.9 | 73.4 |
| Aug-2001 | 87.6 | 73.2 |
| Sep-2001 | 87.6 | 73.1 |
| Oct-2001 | 87.4 | 72.7 |
| Nov-2001 | 87 | 72.6 |
| Dec-2001 | 87.1 | 72.6 |
| Jan-2002 | 86.8 | 72.5 |
| Feb-2002 | 87.1 | 72.7 |
| Mar-2002 | 87 | 72.5 |
| Apr-2002 | 86.8 | 72.5 |
| May-2002 | 86.9 | 72.2 |
| Jun-2002 | 86.5 | 72.1 |
| Jul-2002 | 86.5 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2002 | 86.8 | 72.1 |
| Sep-2002 | 86.8 | 72.2 |
| Oct-2002 | 86.6 | 72.1 |
| Nov-2002 | 85.9 | 71.9 |
| Dec-2002 | 86 | 72.2 |
| Jan-2003 | 85.6 | 72.4 |
| Feb-2003 | 85.9 | 72.1 |
| Mar-2003 | 85.8 | 72.4 |
| Apr-2003 | 85.9 | 72.4 |
| May-2003 | 85.7 | 72.2 |
| Jun-2003 | 85.8 | 72.3 |
| Jul-2003 | 85.8 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2003 | 85.7 | 72 |
| Sep-2003 | 85.9 | 71.6 |
| Oct-2003 | 85.9 | 71.6 |
| Nov-2003 | 86 | 71.7 |
| Dec-2003 | 86.4 | 71.4 |
| Jan-2004 | 86.4 | 71.6 |
| Feb-2004 | 86.2 | 71.7 |
| Mar-2004 | 86 | 71.8 |
| Apr-2004 | 86.2 | 71.8 |
| May-2004 | 86.3 | 71.9 |
| Jun-2004 | 86.5 | 71.9 |
| Jul-2004 | 86.7 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2004 | 86.5 | 71.8 |
| Sep-2004 | 86.4 | 71.9 |
| Oct-2004 | 86.3 | 71.9 |
| Nov-2004 | 86.5 | 72 |
| Dec-2004 | 86.2 | 71.8 |
| Jan-2005 | 86.5 | 72 |
| Feb-2005 | 86.7 | 71.9 |
| Mar-2005 | 86.8 | 71.8 |
| Apr-2005 | 87 | 72 |
| May-2005 | 87.1 | 72.1 |
| Jun-2005 | 87 | 71.7 |
| Jul-2005 | 87 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2005 | 87.4 | 72.1 |
| Sep-2005 | 87 | 72.1 |
| Oct-2005 | 87 | 71.9 |
| Nov-2005 | 86.8 | 71.9 |
| Dec-2005 | 86.7 | 72.1 |
| Jan-2006 | 87.2 | 72.2 |
| Feb-2006 | 87.1 | 72.4 |
| Mar-2006 | 87.4 | 72.3 |
| Apr-2006 | 87.2 | 72.1 |
| May-2006 | 87.2 | 72.3 |
| Jun-2006 | 87.2 | 72.5 |
| Jul-2006 | 87.1 | 72.7 |
| Aug-2006 | 87.1 | 72.6 |
| Sep-2006 | 87.4 | 72.5 |
| Oct-2006 | 87.4 | 72.9 |
| Nov-2006 | 87.5 | 72.7 |
| Dec-2006 | 87.7 | 72.7 |
| Jan-2007 | 88 | 72.8 |
| Feb-2007 | 87.9 | 72.6 |
| Mar-2007 | 88 | 72.7 |
| Apr-2007 | 87.9 | 72.2 |
| May-2007 | 87.7 | 72.5 |
| Jun-2007 | 87.5 | 72.5 |
| Jul-2007 | 87.3 | 72.4 |
| Aug-2007 | 87.2 | 72.6 |
| Sep-2007 | 87.1 | 72.5 |
| Oct-2007 | 86.9 | 72.4 |
| Nov-2007 | 87.2 | 72.5 |
| Dec-2007 | 87.2 | 72.4 |
| Jan-2008 | 87.4 | 72.7 |
| Feb-2008 | 87.4 | 72.6 |
| Mar-2008 | 87.1 | 72.6 |
| Apr-2008 | 86.7 | 72.7 |
| May-2008 | 86.5 | 72.6 |
| Jun-2008 | 86.3 | 72.6 |
| Jul-2008 | 86.2 | 72.4 |
| Aug-2008 | 85.8 | 72.1 |
| Sep-2008 | 85.4 | 72.3 |
| Oct-2008 | 85.2 | 71.9 |
| Nov-2008 | 84.7 | 71.7 |
| Dec-2008 | 83.7 | 71.6 |
| Jan-2009 | 83.1 | 71.1 |
| Feb-2009 | 82.5 | 71 |
| Mar-2009 | 82 | 70.6 |
| Apr-2009 | 81.8 | 70.7 |
| May-2009 | 81.5 | 70.4 |
| Jun-2009 | 81.5 | 70.4 |
| Jul-2009 | 81.3 | 70.4 |
| Aug-2009 | 81.2 | 70 |
| Sep-2009 | 80.8 | 69.5 |
| Oct-2009 | 80.8 | 69.4 |
| Nov-2009 | 80.7 | 69.8 |
| Dec-2009 | 80.4 | 69.2 |
| Jan-2010 | 80.7 | 69.8 |
| Feb-2010 | 80.6 | 69.7 |
| Mar-2010 | 80.8 | 69.5 |
| Apr-2010 | 81.3 | 69.6 |
| May-2010 | 81.1 | 69.3 |
| Jun-2010 | 81.1 | 69.5 |
| Jul-2010 | 81.1 | 69.1 |
| Aug-2010 | 81.2 | 69 |
| Sep-2010 | 81.2 | 69.1 |
| Oct-2010 | 81.1 | 69 |
| Nov-2010 | 80.7 | 69.1 |
| Dec-2010 | 80.8 | 69.4 |
| Jan-2011 | 81.2 | 69.3 |
| Feb-2011 | 81.4 | 69 |
| Mar-2011 | 81.4 | 69.3 |
| Apr-2011 | 81.2 | 69.1 |
| May-2011 | 81.6 | 68.9 |
| Jun-2011 | 81.3 | 68.8 |
| Jul-2011 | 81.1 | 69 |
| Aug-2011 | 81.4 | 68.9 |
| Sep-2011 | 81.3 | 68.7 |
| Oct-2011 | 81.1 | 68.9 |
| Nov-2011 | 81.9 | 68.8 |
| Dec-2011 | 82.1 | 68.9 |
| Jan-2012 | 82.5 | 68.9 |
| Feb-2012 | 82.4 | 68.9 |
| Mar-2012 | 82.5 | 69.2 |
| Apr-2012 | 82.5 | 69.1 |
| May-2012 | 82.5 | 69.2 |
| Jun-2012 | 82.6 | 69 |
| Jul-2012 | 82.4 | 69.1 |
| Aug-2012 | 82.4 | 69.2 |
| Sep-2012 | 82.7 | 69.5 |
| Oct-2012 | 82.9 | 69.6 |
| Nov-2012 | 82.5 | 69.4 |
| Dec-2012 | 82.8 | 69.4 |
| Jan-2013 | 82.6 | 68.9 |
| Feb-2013 | 82.8 | 69 |
| Mar-2013 | 82.8 | 69 |
| Apr-2013 | 82.8 | 69.1 |
| May-2013 | 83 | 69.3 |
| Jun-2013 | 82.9 | 69.2 |
| Jul-2013 | 82.9 | 69.4 |
| Aug-2013 | 82.6 | 69.6 |
| Sep-2013 | 82.6 | 69.6 |
| Oct-2013 | 82.4 | 69 |
| Nov-2013 | 83 | 69.3 |
| Dec-2013 | 83 | 69.5 |
| Jan-2014 | 83.2 | 69.8 |
| Feb-2014 | 83 | 70.1 |
| Mar-2014 | 83.5 | 69.8 |
| Apr-2014 | 83.2 | 69.9 |
| May-2014 | 83.3 | 69.8 |
| Jun-2014 | 83.8 | 70.2 |
| Jul-2014 | 83.8 | 69.8 |
| Aug-2014 | 83.9 | 70.1 |
| Sep-2014 | 84.1 | 69.8 |
| Oct-2014 | 84 | 70.1 |
| Nov-2014 | 83.9 | 70.3 |
| Dec-2014 | 84.2 | 70.3 |
| Jan-2015 | 84.3 | 70.2 |
| Feb-2015 | 84.3 | 70.3 |
| Mar-2015 | 84.5 | 70 |
| Apr-2015 | 84.4 | 70.2 |
| May-2015 | 84.3 | 70.4 |
| Jun-2015 | 84.5 | 70.5 |
| Jul-2015 | 84.4 | 70.1 |
| Aug-2015 | 84.6 | 70.2 |
| Sep-2015 | 84.6 | 70.2 |
| Oct-2015 | 84.4 | 70.3 |
| Nov-2015 | 84.4 | 70.7 |
| Dec-2015 | 84.5 | 70.6 |
| Jan-2016 | 84.9 | 70.7 |
| Feb-2016 | 84.9 | 70.8 |
| Mar-2016 | 85.2 | 70.9 |
| Apr-2016 | 84.8 | 70.9 |
| May-2016 | 84.9 | 71 |
| Jun-2016 | 85.1 | 71 |
| Jul-2016 | 84.9 | 71.4 |
| Aug-2016 | 84.9 | 71.1 |
| Sep-2016 | 84.9 | 71.4 |
| Oct-2016 | 85 | 71.5 |
| Nov-2016 | 85 | 71.4 |
| Dec-2016 | 85 | 71.4 |
| Jan-2017 | 85.3 | 71.3 |
| Feb-2017 | 85.1 | 71.6 |
| Mar-2017 | 85.2 | 72 |
| Apr-2017 | 85.4 | 72 |
| May-2017 | 85.3 | 71.9 |
| Jun-2017 | 85.3 | 72.2 |
| Jul-2017 | 85.3 | 72.4 |
| Aug-2017 | 85 | 72.1 |
| Sep-2017 | 85.6 | 72.5 |
| Oct-2017 | 85.6 | 72.2 |
| Nov-2017 | 85.6 | 72.5 |
| Dec-2017 | 86 | 72.2 |
| Jan-2018 | 85.9 | 72.1 |
| Feb-2018 | 86.4 | 72.3 |
| Mar-2018 | 86.2 | 72.4 |
| Apr-2018 | 86.3 | 72.2 |
| May-2018 | 86.3 | 72.5 |
| Jun-2018 | 86.1 | 72.8 |
| Jul-2018 | 86.3 | 73.1 |
| Aug-2018 | 86 | 72.9 |
| Sep-2018 | 85.9 | 73.1 |
| Oct-2018 | 86.2 | 73.4 |
| Nov-2018 | 86.3 | 73.1 |
| Dec-2018 | 86 | 73.3 |
| Jan-2019 | 86.4 | 73.3 |
| Feb-2019 | 86.5 | 73.3 |
| Mar-2019 | 86.7 | 73.1 |
| Apr-2019 | 86.4 | 73.2 |
| May-2019 | 86.3 | 73.3 |
| Jun-2019 | 86.1 | 73.6 |
| Jul-2019 | 86.2 | 73.2 |
| Aug-2019 | 86.3 | 74 |
| Sep-2019 | 86.4 | 74.2 |
| Oct-2019 | 86.5 | 74.4 |
| Nov-2019 | 86.7 | 74.1 |
| Dec-2019 | 86.5 | 74.5 |
| Jan-2020 | 86.6 | 74.6 |
| Feb-2020 | 86.4 | 74.5 |
| Mar-2020 | 85.8 | 73.3 |
| Apr-2020 | 76 | 63.4 |
| May-2020 | 77.9 | 64.9 |
| Jun-2020 | 79.6 | 67.7 |
| Jul-2020 | 79.9 | 68.1 |
| Aug-2020 | 81.6 | 69.3 |
| Sep-2020 | 81.5 | 68.9 |
| Oct-2020 | 82.1 | 70.1 |
| Nov-2020 | 81.9 | 70.2 |
| Dec-2020 | 82.3 | 70.4 |
| Jan-2021 | 82.5 | 70.4 |
| Feb-2021 | 82.6 | 70.6 |
| Mar-2021 | 82.8 | 71 |
| Apr-2021 | 82.9 | 71.1 |
| May-2021 | 82.9 | 71.3 |
| Jun-2021 | 83.2 | 71.4 |
| Jul-2021 | 83.8 | 71.9 |
| Aug-2021 | 84 | 72 |
| Sep-2021 | 84.1 | 72 |
| Oct-2021 | 84.5 | 72.2 |
| Nov-2021 | 84.8 | 72.9 |
| Dec-2021 | 85.0 | 73.2 |
| Jan-2022 | 85.1 | 73.3 |
| Feb-2022 | 85.9 | 73.2 |
| Mar-2022 | 86.1 | 74.1 |
| Apr-2022 | 86.0 | 73.9 |
| May-2022 | 86 | 74.1 |
| Jun-2022 | 85.8 | 73.9 |
| Jul-2022 | 85.9 | 74.2 |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Current Population Survey public data.