Labor force participation rate, ages 25–54, by gender, 1989–2025
| date | Men | Women |
|---|---|---|
| Jan-1989 | 93.8% | 73.6% |
| Feb-1989 | 93.7% | 73.5% |
| Mar-1989 | 93.7% | 73.4% |
| Apr-1989 | 93.7% | 73.5% |
| May-1989 | 93.5% | 73.4% |
| Jun-1989 | 93.5% | 73.3% |
| Jul-1989 | 93.6% | 73.4% |
| Aug-1989 | 93.5% | 73.5% |
| Sep-1989 | 93.6% | 74.0% |
| Oct-1989 | 93.7% | 73.8% |
| Nov-1989 | 93.9% | 74.1% |
| Dec-1989 | 93.8% | 74.1% |
| Jan-1990 | 93.9% | 74.1% |
| Feb-1990 | 94.0% | 74.0% |
| Mar-1990 | 93.6% | 74.0% |
| Apr-1990 | 93.5% | 73.9% |
| May-1990 | 93.3% | 74.1% |
| Jun-1990 | 93.3% | 73.9% |
| Jul-1990 | 93.2% | 74.0% |
| Aug-1990 | 93.3% | 74.0% |
| Sep-1990 | 93.1% | 74.0% |
| Oct-1990 | 93.2% | 73.9% |
| Nov-1990 | 93.4% | 73.9% |
| Dec-1990 | 93.1% | 73.9% |
| Jan-1991 | 93.2% | 73.7% |
| Feb-1991 | 93.4% | 73.9% |
| Mar-1991 | 93.3% | 74.0% |
| Apr-1991 | 93.4% | 74.3% |
| May-1991 | 93.0% | 74.1% |
| Jun-1991 | 93.1% | 74.2% |
| Jul-1991 | 93.0% | 73.9% |
| Aug-1991 | 92.9% | 74.1% |
| Sep-1991 | 93.1% | 74.1% |
| Oct-1991 | 92.9% | 74.2% |
| Nov-1991 | 92.9% | 74.1% |
| Dec-1991 | 92.7% | 74.1% |
| Jan-1992 | 93.0% | 74.4% |
| Feb-1992 | 92.8% | 74.4% |
| Mar-1992 | 92.9% | 74.5% |
| Apr-1992 | 93.0% | 74.7% |
| May-1992 | 93.2% | 74.8% |
| Jun-1992 | 93.3% | 74.9% |
| Jul-1992 | 93.1% | 74.8% |
| Aug-1992 | 93.2% | 74.8% |
| Sep-1992 | 93.1% | 74.5% |
| Oct-1992 | 93.0% | 74.4% |
| Nov-1992 | 92.7% | 74.6% |
| Dec-1992 | 92.6% | 74.6% |
| Jan-1993 | 92.6% | 74.3% |
| Feb-1993 | 92.4% | 74.2% |
| Mar-1993 | 92.4% | 74.4% |
| Apr-1993 | 92.5% | 74.1% |
| May-1993 | 92.6% | 74.5% |
| Jun-1993 | 92.8% | 74.6% |
| Jul-1993 | 92.7% | 74.6% |
| Aug-1993 | 92.7% | 74.8% |
| Sep-1993 | 92.5% | 74.7% |
| Oct-1993 | 92.5% | 74.8% |
| Nov-1993 | 92.6% | 74.9% |
| Dec-1993 | 92.4% | 75.2% |
| Jan-1994 | 92.1% | 75.0% |
| Feb-1994 | 91.9% | 75.3% |
| Mar-1994 | 91.7% | 75.2% |
| Apr-1994 | 91.7% | 75.1% |
| May-1994 | 91.6% | 75.2% |
| Jun-1994 | 91.4% | 74.7% |
| Jul-1994 | 91.5% | 75.1% |
| Aug-1994 | 91.4% | 75.4% |
| Sep-1994 | 91.6% | 76.0% |
| Oct-1994 | 91.8% | 75.5% |
| Nov-1994 | 91.9% | 75.6% |
| Dec-1994 | 92.0% | 75.2% |
| Jan-1995 | 92.0% | 75.3% |
| Feb-1995 | 92.0% | 75.5% |
| Mar-1995 | 91.8% | 75.5% |
| Apr-1995 | 91.8% | 75.9% |
| May-1995 | 91.8% | 75.5% |
| Jun-1995 | 91.6% | 75.2% |
| Jul-1995 | 91.4% | 75.7% |
| Aug-1995 | 91.4% | 75.6% |
| Sep-1995 | 91.5% | 75.7% |
| Oct-1995 | 91.3% | 75.8% |
| Nov-1995 | 91.3% | 76.0% |
| Dec-1995 | 91.3% | 75.7% |
| Jan-1996 | 91.5% | 75.8% |
| Feb-1996 | 91.7% | 75.7% |
| Mar-1996 | 91.5% | 75.8% |
| Apr-1996 | 91.6% | 75.9% |
| May-1996 | 91.6% | 76.0% |
| Jun-1996 | 91.6% | 76.0% |
| Jul-1996 | 91.8% | 76.3% |
| Aug-1996 | 92.0% | 76.3% |
| Sep-1996 | 91.9% | 76.2% |
| Oct-1996 | 92.0% | 76.4% |
| Nov-1996 | 92.0% | 76.5% |
| Dec-1996 | 91.9% | 76.6% |
| Jan-1997 | 91.9% | 76.5% |
| Feb-1997 | 91.9% | 76.3% |
| Mar-1997 | 91.8% | 76.6% |
| Apr-1997 | 91.7% | 76.5% |
| May-1997 | 91.5% | 76.4% |
| Jun-1997 | 91.8% | 76.7% |
| Jul-1997 | 91.9% | 77.0% |
| Aug-1997 | 92.0% | 77.2% |
| Sep-1997 | 91.9% | 77.0% |
| Oct-1997 | 91.8% | 76.8% |
| Nov-1997 | 91.8% | 76.5% |
| Dec-1997 | 91.8% | 76.6% |
| Jan-1998 | 91.9% | 76.4% |
| Feb-1998 | 91.8% | 76.5% |
| Mar-1998 | 92.0% | 76.7% |
| Apr-1998 | 91.8% | 76.3% |
| May-1998 | 91.7% | 76.3% |
| Jun-1998 | 91.7% | 76.4% |
| Jul-1998 | 91.9% | 76.5% |
| Aug-1998 | 91.7% | 76.6% |
| Sep-1998 | 91.7% | 76.8% |
| Oct-1998 | 91.8% | 76.7% |
| Nov-1998 | 91.9% | 76.6% |
| Dec-1998 | 91.8% | 76.8% |
| Jan-1999 | 92.5% | 77.0% |
| Feb-1999 | 92.2% | 76.8% |
| Mar-1999 | 91.8% | 76.5% |
| Apr-1999 | 91.9% | 76.6% |
| May-1999 | 91.8% | 76.7% |
| Jun-1999 | 91.6% | 76.9% |
| Jul-1999 | 91.6% | 76.6% |
| Aug-1999 | 91.5% | 76.7% |
| Sep-1999 | 91.4% | 76.9% |
| Oct-1999 | 91.4% | 77.0% |
| Nov-1999 | 91.6% | 77.1% |
| Dec-1999 | 91.6% | 76.7% |
| Jan-2000 | 92.1% | 77.0% |
| Feb-2000 | 92.2% | 76.9% |
| Mar-2000 | 91.9% | 77.1% |
| Apr-2000 | 91.7% | 77.3% |
| May-2000 | 91.5% | 77.0% |
| Jun-2000 | 91.7% | 76.8% |
| Jul-2000 | 91.5% | 76.6% |
| Aug-2000 | 91.5% | 76.3% |
| Sep-2000 | 91.3% | 76.4% |
| Oct-2000 | 91.2% | 76.3% |
| Nov-2000 | 91.4% | 76.5% |
| Dec-2000 | 91.6% | 76.5% |
| Jan-2001 | 91.7% | 76.9% |
| Feb-2001 | 91.6% | 76.8% |
| Mar-2001 | 91.5% | 76.9% |
| Apr-2001 | 91.4% | 76.3% |
| May-2001 | 91.4% | 76.4% |
| Jun-2001 | 91.3% | 76.2% |
| Jul-2001 | 91.2% | 76.2% |
| Aug-2001 | 91.1% | 76.2% |
| Sep-2001 | 91.1% | 76.2% |
| Oct-2001 | 91.3% | 76.1% |
| Nov-2001 | 91.0% | 76.2% |
| Dec-2001 | 91.2% | 76.3% |
| Jan-2002 | 91.1% | 76.1% |
| Feb-2002 | 91.3% | 76.4% |
| Mar-2002 | 91.3% | 76.1% |
| Apr-2002 | 91.2% | 76.2% |
| May-2002 | 91.3% | 76.1% |
| Jun-2002 | 91.0% | 75.7% |
| Jul-2002 | 90.9% | 75.5% |
| Aug-2002 | 91.1% | 75.7% |
| Sep-2002 | 91.1% | 75.8% |
| Oct-2002 | 91.0% | 75.7% |
| Nov-2002 | 90.6% | 75.4% |
| Dec-2002 | 90.6% | 75.8% |
| Jan-2003 | 90.2% | 75.8% |
| Feb-2003 | 90.5% | 75.8% |
| Mar-2003 | 90.4% | 76.1% |
| Apr-2003 | 90.7% | 76.0% |
| May-2003 | 90.6% | 75.9% |
| Jun-2003 | 90.7% | 76.1% |
| Jul-2003 | 90.6% | 75.6% |
| Aug-2003 | 90.7% | 75.6% |
| Sep-2003 | 90.7% | 75.3% |
| Oct-2003 | 90.7% | 75.3% |
| Nov-2003 | 90.7% | 75.2% |
| Dec-2003 | 90.7% | 75.1% |
| Jan-2004 | 90.7% | 75.2% |
| Feb-2004 | 90.4% | 75.2% |
| Mar-2004 | 90.2% | 75.5% |
| Apr-2004 | 90.3% | 75.4% |
| May-2004 | 90.5% | 75.3% |
| Jun-2004 | 90.5% | 75.5% |
| Jul-2004 | 90.7% | 75.4% |
| Aug-2004 | 90.5% | 75.1% |
| Sep-2004 | 90.4% | 75.2% |
| Oct-2004 | 90.2% | 75.1% |
| Nov-2004 | 90.4% | 75.2% |
| Dec-2004 | 90.3% | 75.1% |
| Jan-2005 | 90.3% | 75.3% |
| Feb-2005 | 90.5% | 75.3% |
| Mar-2005 | 90.5% | 75.0% |
| Apr-2005 | 90.5% | 75.2% |
| May-2005 | 90.7% | 75.3% |
| Jun-2005 | 90.4% | 75.0% |
| Jul-2005 | 90.5% | 75.3% |
| Aug-2005 | 90.9% | 75.2% |
| Sep-2005 | 90.6% | 75.4% |
| Oct-2005 | 90.4% | 75.2% |
| Nov-2005 | 90.3% | 75.3% |
| Dec-2005 | 90.2% | 75.4% |
| Jan-2006 | 90.4% | 75.3% |
| Feb-2006 | 90.6% | 75.5% |
| Mar-2006 | 90.9% | 75.4% |
| Apr-2006 | 90.6% | 75.3% |
| May-2006 | 90.6% | 75.3% |
| Jun-2006 | 90.5% | 75.4% |
| Jul-2006 | 90.4% | 75.7% |
| Aug-2006 | 90.5% | 75.6% |
| Sep-2006 | 90.4% | 75.5% |
| Oct-2006 | 90.4% | 75.6% |
| Nov-2006 | 90.7% | 75.5% |
| Dec-2006 | 90.9% | 75.5% |
| Jan-2007 | 91.5% | 75.6% |
| Feb-2007 | 91.4% | 75.3% |
| Mar-2007 | 91.2% | 75.3% |
| Apr-2007 | 91.1% | 75.0% |
| May-2007 | 90.9% | 75.3% |
| Jun-2007 | 90.7% | 75.3% |
| Jul-2007 | 90.6% | 75.4% |
| Aug-2007 | 90.5% | 75.5% |
| Sep-2007 | 90.4% | 75.4% |
| Oct-2007 | 90.3% | 75.3% |
| Nov-2007 | 90.6% | 75.5% |
| Dec-2007 | 90.9% | 75.5% |
| Jan-2008 | 91.1% | 75.7% |
| Feb-2008 | 91.0% | 75.5% |
| Mar-2008 | 90.9% | 75.8% |
| Apr-2008 | 90.6% | 75.8% |
| May-2008 | 90.5% | 75.9% |
| Jun-2008 | 90.5% | 76.0% |
| Jul-2008 | 90.7% | 75.7% |
| Aug-2008 | 90.5% | 76.0% |
| Sep-2008 | 90.5% | 75.8% |
| Oct-2008 | 90.4% | 75.8% |
| Nov-2008 | 90.3% | 75.9% |
| Dec-2008 | 89.9% | 75.9% |
| Jan-2009 | 90.0% | 75.8% |
| Feb-2009 | 89.8% | 76.0% |
| Mar-2009 | 89.7% | 75.7% |
| Apr-2009 | 89.9% | 75.9% |
| May-2009 | 90.1% | 75.8% |
| Jun-2009 | 90.0% | 75.9% |
| Jul-2009 | 89.8% | 75.8% |
| Aug-2009 | 90.1% | 75.6% |
| Sep-2009 | 89.8% | 75.3% |
| Oct-2009 | 89.8% | 75.3% |
| Nov-2009 | 89.6% | 75.4% |
| Dec-2009 | 88.9% | 75.2% |
| Jan-2010 | 89.2% | 75.6% |
| Feb-2010 | 89.2% | 75.5% |
| Mar-2010 | 89.5% | 75.5% |
| Apr-2010 | 89.7% | 75.6% |
| May-2010 | 89.5% | 75.2% |
| Jun-2010 | 89.5% | 75.1% |
| Jul-2010 | 89.2% | 74.8% |
| Aug-2010 | 89.3% | 74.9% |
| Sep-2010 | 89.3% | 74.9% |
| Oct-2010 | 88.9% | 74.9% |
| Nov-2010 | 88.9% | 75.3% |
| Dec-2010 | 88.6% | 75.2% |
| Jan-2011 | 88.6% | 74.9% |
| Feb-2011 | 88.7% | 74.7% |
| Mar-2011 | 88.8% | 74.9% |
| Apr-2011 | 88.7% | 74.9% |
| May-2011 | 89.0% | 74.6% |
| Jun-2011 | 88.9% | 74.6% |
| Jul-2011 | 88.6% | 74.5% |
| Aug-2011 | 88.7% | 74.7% |
| Sep-2011 | 88.6% | 74.6% |
| Oct-2011 | 88.4% | 74.4% |
| Nov-2011 | 88.7% | 74.4% |
| Dec-2011 | 88.7% | 74.6% |
| Jan-2012 | 88.8% | 74.5% |
| Feb-2012 | 88.7% | 74.5% |
| Mar-2012 | 88.9% | 74.5% |
| Apr-2012 | 88.7% | 74.4% |
| May-2012 | 88.6% | 74.5% |
| Jun-2012 | 88.9% | 74.4% |
| Jul-2012 | 88.6% | 74.5% |
| Aug-2012 | 88.6% | 74.5% |
| Sep-2012 | 88.6% | 74.6% |
| Oct-2012 | 88.8% | 74.7% |
| Nov-2012 | 88.4% | 74.3% |
| Dec-2012 | 88.6% | 74.6% |
| Jan-2013 | 88.4% | 74.0% |
| Feb-2013 | 88.5% | 73.9% |
| Mar-2013 | 88.3% | 73.9% |
| Apr-2013 | 88.6% | 73.7% |
| May-2013 | 88.6% | 74.0% |
| Jun-2013 | 88.6% | 74.0% |
| Jul-2013 | 88.5% | 74.1% |
| Aug-2013 | 88.3% | 74.0% |
| Sep-2013 | 88.4% | 73.9% |
| Oct-2013 | 88.0% | 73.5% |
| Nov-2013 | 88.6% | 73.8% |
| Dec-2013 | 88.1% | 73.8% |
| Jan-2014 | 88.2% | 73.9% |
| Feb-2014 | 88.1% | 74.3% |
| Mar-2014 | 88.3% | 74.2% |
| Apr-2014 | 87.9% | 74.0% |
| May-2014 | 88.0% | 73.8% |
| Jun-2014 | 88.3% | 74.0% |
| Jul-2014 | 88.3% | 73.7% |
| Aug-2014 | 88.5% | 74.0% |
| Sep-2014 | 88.1% | 73.7% |
| Oct-2014 | 88.1% | 73.9% |
| Nov-2014 | 88.1% | 73.9% |
| Dec-2014 | 88.2% | 73.8% |
| Jan-2015 | 88.5% | 73.8% |
| Feb-2015 | 88.4% | 73.6% |
| Mar-2015 | 88.5% | 73.4% |
| Apr-2015 | 88.4% | 73.8% |
| May-2015 | 88.3% | 74.1% |
| Jun-2015 | 88.3% | 73.8% |
| Jul-2015 | 88.1% | 73.5% |
| Aug-2015 | 88.2% | 73.5% |
| Sep-2015 | 88.2% | 73.3% |
| Oct-2015 | 88.2% | 73.6% |
| Nov-2015 | 88.1% | 73.9% |
| Dec-2015 | 88.2% | 73.9% |
| Jan-2016 | 88.4% | 74.0% |
| Feb-2016 | 88.4% | 74.0% |
| Mar-2016 | 88.7% | 74.2% |
| Apr-2016 | 88.6% | 74.2% |
| May-2016 | 88.4% | 74.2% |
| Jun-2016 | 88.7% | 74.2% |
| Jul-2016 | 88.5% | 74.2% |
| Aug-2016 | 88.5% | 74.4% |
| Sep-2016 | 88.6% | 74.7% |
| Oct-2016 | 88.6% | 74.7% |
| Nov-2016 | 88.5% | 74.4% |
| Dec-2016 | 88.5% | 74.4% |
| Jan-2017 | 88.8% | 74.4% |
| Feb-2017 | 88.6% | 74.8% |
| Mar-2017 | 88.5% | 74.9% |
| Apr-2017 | 88.6% | 75.1% |
| May-2017 | 88.5% | 75.1% |
| Jun-2017 | 88.6% | 75.0% |
| Jul-2017 | 88.6% | 75.2% |
| Aug-2017 | 88.4% | 75.0% |
| Sep-2017 | 88.7% | 75.3% |
| Oct-2017 | 88.6% | 74.8% |
| Nov-2017 | 88.5% | 75.2% |
| Dec-2017 | 89.0% | 74.9% |
| Jan-2018 | 89.0% | 74.7% |
| Feb-2018 | 89.2% | 75.2% |
| Mar-2018 | 89.2% | 75.0% |
| Apr-2018 | 89.3% | 74.9% |
| May-2018 | 89.1% | 75.0% |
| Jun-2018 | 89.0% | 75.4% |
| Jul-2018 | 88.9% | 75.6% |
| Aug-2018 | 88.7% | 75.3% |
| Sep-2018 | 88.7% | 75.3% |
| Oct-2018 | 89.0% | 75.7% |
| Nov-2018 | 88.9% | 75.7% |
| Dec-2018 | 88.9% | 75.8% |
| Jan-2019 | 89.4% | 75.8% |
| Feb-2019 | 89.3% | 75.8% |
| Mar-2019 | 89.5% | 75.6% |
| Apr-2019 | 89.1% | 75.5% |
| May-2019 | 88.9% | 75.6% |
| Jun-2019 | 88.8% | 75.8% |
| Jul-2019 | 88.9% | 75.4% |
| Aug-2019 | 89.0% | 76.2% |
| Sep-2019 | 89.1% | 76.4% |
| Oct-2019 | 89.1% | 76.7% |
| Nov-2019 | 89.3% | 76.6% |
| Dec-2019 | 89.2% | 76.9% |
| Jan-2020 | 89.4% | 76.9% |
| Feb-2020 | 89.1% | 76.9% |
| Mar-2020 | 88.9% | 76.2% |
| Apr-2020 | 86.3% | 73.5% |
| May-2020 | 87.2% | 74.2% |
| Jun-2020 | 87.8% | 75.2% |
| Jul-2020 | 87.5% | 75.1% |
| Aug-2020 | 88.0% | 74.8% |
| Sep-2020 | 87.6% | 74.4% |
| Oct-2020 | 88.0% | 74.8% |
| Nov-2020 | 87.5% | 74.7% |
| Dec-2020 | 87.5% | 74.9% |
| Jan-2021 | 87.7% | 74.7% |
| Feb-2021 | 87.5% | 75.0% |
| Mar-2021 | 87.4% | 75.3% |
| Apr-2021 | 87.7% | 75.1% |
| May-2021 | 87.9% | 74.9% |
| Jun-2021 | 88.1% | 75.4% |
| Jul-2021 | 88.3% | 75.6% |
| Aug-2021 | 88.3% | 75.3% |
| Sep-2021 | 88.1% | 75.2% |
| Oct-2021 | 88.3% | 75.5% |
| Nov-2021 | 88.3% | 75.8% |
| Dec-2021 | 88.2% | 76.0% |
| Jan-2022 | 88.2% | 76.0% |
| Feb-2022 | 88.6% | 75.8% |
| Mar-2022 | 88.4% | 76.5% |
| Apr-2022 | 88.6% | 76.2% |
| May-2022 | 88.7% | 76.5% |
| Jun-2022 | 88.4% | 76.3% |
| Jul-2022 | 88.4% | 76.4% |
| Aug-2022 | 88.6% | 77.1% |
| Sep-2022 | 88.7% | 76.6% |
| Oct-2022 | 88.7% | 76.6% |
| Nov-2022 | 88.5% | 76.4% |
| Dec-2022 | 88.8% | 76.5% |
| Jan-2023 | 88.6% | 76.9% |
| Feb-2023 | 88.9% | 77.2% |
| Mar-2023 | 89.0% | 77.2% |
| Apr-2023 | 89.1% | 77.5% |
| May-2023 | 89.1% | 77.6% |
| Jun-2023 | 89.1% | 77.8% |
| Jul-2023 | 89.3% | 77.5% |
| Aug-2023 | 89.3% | 77.6% |
| Sep-2023 | 89.6% | 77.4% |
| Oct-2023 | 89.1% | 77.7% |
| Nov-2023 | 89.3% | 77.4% |
| Dec-2023 | 89.3% | 77.2% |
| Jan-2024 | 89.2% | 77.5% |
| Feb-2024 | 89.3% | 77.7% |
| Mar-2024 | 89.1% | 77.7% |
| Apr-2024 | 89.1% | 78.0% |
| May-2024 | 89.2% | 78.1% |
| Jun-2024 | 89.6% | 77.9% |
| Jul-2024 | 89.9% | 78.1% |
| Aug-2024 | 89.5% | 78.4% |
| Sep-2024 | 89.5% | 78.1% |
| Oct-2024 | 89.3% | 77.8% |
| Nov-2024 | 89.3% | 77.7% |
| Dec-2024 | 89.0% | 77.9% |
| Jan-2025 | 89.4% | 77.7% |
| Feb-2025 | 89.1% | 77.9% |
| Mar-2025 | 89.1% | 77.6% |
| Apr-2025 | 89.5% | 77.7% |
| May-2025 | 89.2% | 77.7% |
| Jun-2025 | 89.4% | 77.7% |
| Jul-2025 | 89.2% | 77.7% |
| Aug-2025 | 89.8% | 77.8% |
| Sep-2025 | 89.5% | 78.0% |
| Oct-2025 | ||
| Nov-2025 | 89.6% | 78.2% |
| Dec-2025 | 89.5% | 78.1% |
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Current Population Survey public data.