Demographics of the overall, private, and state and local public-sector workforce in United States
| Total workforce | Private sector | State and local government | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Workers | Share | Workers | Share | Workers | Share | |
| All | 140,746,900 | 100.0% | 119,728,800 | 100.0% | 17,301,600 | 100.0% |
| Sex | ||||||
| Men | 72,283,200 | 51.4% | 63,033,100 | 52.6% | 7,126,700 | 41.2% |
| Women | 68,463,700 | 48.6% | 56,695,700 | 47.4% | 10,174,900 | 58.8% |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| White | 86,760,200 | 61.6% | 73,298,100 | 61.2% | 11,301,000 | 65.3% |
| Black | 16,862,400 | 12.0% | 13,716,400 | 11.5% | 2,434,400 | 14.1% |
| Hispanic | 24,591,900 | 17.5% | 21,908,300 | 18.3% | 2,246,200 | 13.0% |
| Asian or other race/ethnicity | 12,532,300 | 8.9% | 10,806,000 | 9.0% | 1,320,100 | 7.6% |
| Men of color | 27,636,000 | 19.6% | 24,441,300 | 20.4% | 2,379,500 | 13.8% |
| Women of color | 26,350,700 | 18.7% | 21,989,400 | 18.4% | 3,621,000 | 20.9% |
| Not a person of color | 86,760,200 | 61.6% | 73,298,100 | 61.2% | 11,301,000 | 65.3% |
| Age | ||||||
| Ages 16–24 | 19,555,100 | 13.9% | 18,061,300 | 15.1% | 1,292,000 | 7.5% |
| Ages 25–39 | 48,576,100 | 34.5% | 42,098,800 | 35.2% | 5,319,600 | 30.7% |
| Ages 40–54 | 42,915,800 | 30.5% | 35,357,600 | 29.5% | 6,198,000 | 35.8% |
| Age 55 or older | 29,699,800 | 21.1% | 24,211,100 | 20.2% | 4,492,000 | 26.0% |
| Educational attainment | ||||||
| Less than high school | 12,550,400 | 8.9% | 11,950,700 | 10.0% | 539,500 | 3.1% |
| High school | 34,510,900 | 24.5% | 31,134,900 | 26.0% | 2,768,000 | 16.0% |
| Some college, no degree | 31,705,700 | 22.5% | 27,582,500 | 23.0% | 3,237,300 | 18.7% |
| Associates degree | 13,046,300 | 9.3% | 11,106,800 | 9.3% | 1,550,700 | 9.0% |
| Bachelors degree or higher | 48,933,500 | 34.8% | 37,953,800 | 31.7% | 9,206,100 | 53.2% |
| Family status | ||||||
| Married parent | 42,616,000 | 30.3% | 35,128,500 | 29.3% | 6,165,600 | 35.6% |
| Single parent | 15,623,200 | 11.1% | 13,424,100 | 11.2% | 1,823,000 | 10.5% |
| Married, no children | 28,292,100 | 20.1% | 23,400,500 | 19.5% | 3,985,500 | 23.0% |
| Unmarried, no children | 54,215,600 | 38.5% | 47,775,700 | 39.9% | 5,327,600 | 30.8% |
| Household income | ||||||
| Less than $25,000 | 9,909,500 | 7.0% | 8,864,000 | 7.4% | 943,000 | 5.5% |
| $25,000–$49,999 | 21,930,800 | 15.6% | 19,432,700 | 16.2% | 2,173,800 | 12.6% |
| $50,000–$74,999 | 24,921,400 | 17.7% | 21,425,800 | 17.9% | 2,934,500 | 17.0% |
| $75,000–$99,999 | 22,496,600 | 16.0% | 18,951,300 | 15.8% | 2,961,200 | 17.1% |
| $100,000–$149,999 | 30,770,500 | 21.9% | 25,303,200 | 21.1% | 4,444,600 | 25.7% |
| $150,000 or more | 30,718,100 | 21.8% | 25,751,900 | 21.5% | 3,844,500 | 22.2% |
| Poverty status | ||||||
| In poverty | 8,257,300 | 5.9% | 7,531,100 | 6.3% | 658,400 | 3.8% |
| 101–200% poverty | 18,776,100 | 13.3% | 17,056,100 | 14.2% | 1,497,500 | 8.7% |
| 201–400% poverty | 43,365,700 | 30.8% | 37,389,300 | 31.2% | 5,111,600 | 29.5% |
| 400%+ poverty | 69,406,600 | 49.3% | 56,974,500 | 47.6% | 9,882,900 | 57.1% |
| Missing poverty status | 941,100 | 0.7% | 777,800 | 0.6% | 151,200 | 0.9% |
| Veteran status | ||||||
| Veteran | 8,584,500 | 6.1% | 6,335,600 | 5.3% | 1,133,600 | 6.6% |
| Not a veteran | 131,549,900 | 93.5% | 112,804,600 | 94.2% | 16,145,300 | 93.3% |
| Veteran status n/a | 612,400 | 0.4% | 588,600 | 0.5% | 22,700 | 0.1% |
| Nativity | ||||||
| U.S.-born | 117,037,400 | 83.2% | 98,300,700 | 82.1% | 15,427,600 | 89.2% |
| Foreign-born | 23,709,400 | 16.8% | 21,428,100 | 17.9% | 1,874,000 | 10.8% |
| Citizenship | ||||||
| Born citizen | 117,034,500 | 83.2% | 98,299,200 | 82.1% | 15,426,600 | 89.2% |
| Naturalized | 11,922,700 | 8.5% | 10,306,500 | 8.6% | 1,296,300 | 7.5% |
| Not a U.S. citizen | 11,789,600 | 8.4% | 11,123,100 | 9.3% | 578,700 | 3.3% |
Source: Economic Policy Institute analysis of American Community Survey microdata, pooled years 2017–2018.