Summary statistics on minimum wage violations in New York

Category Minimum-wage-eligible workers Eligible workers experiencing minimum wage violations
Total number Share of total Number Share of total group Group’s share of category Average hourly underpayment Average weekly underpayment Average annual underpayment if full-year Total earned annual wages not paid to workers Average weekly wages received Average annual wages received if full-year Total annual wages received by workers experiencing minimum wage violations Share of earned wages not paid
All workers 6,047,000 100.0% 299,860 5.0% 100.0% $1.82 $62 $3,200 $965,000,000 $210 $10,900 $3,270,000,000 22.8%
Low-wage earners 1,543,000 25.5% 299,860 19.4% 100.0% $1.82 $62 $3,200 $965,000,000 $210 $10,900 $3,270,000,000 22.8%
Gender
Men 3,198,000 52.9% 145,670 4.6% 48.6% $1.84 $64 $3,400 $488,000,000 $215 $11,200 $1,629,000,000 23.1%
Women 2,849,000 47.1% 154,190 5.4% 51.4% $1.80 $59 $3,100 $477,000,000 $205 $10,600 $1,641,000,000 22.5%
Age
Under 20 181,000 3.0% 29,630 16.3% 9.9% $1.21 $29 $1,500 $45,000,000 $153 $7,900 $236,000,000 16.0%
20 and over 5,866,000 97.0% 270,220 4.6% 90.1% $1.89 $65 $3,400 $920,000,000 $216 $11,200 $3,035,000,000 23.3%
16–24 851,000 14.1% 92,020 10.8% 30.7% $1.58 $45 $2,300 $214,000,000 $174 $9,100 $834,000,000 20.4%
25–54 3,946,000 65.2% 162,910 4.1% 54.3% $1.89 $70 $3,600 $589,000,000 $232 $12,000 $1,961,000,000 23.1%
55–85 1,250,000 20.7% 44,920 3.6% 15.0% $2.06 $69 $3,600 $162,000,000 $203 $10,600 $475,000,000 25.4%
Race/ethnicity
White 3,457,000 57.2% 124,830 3.6% 41.6% $1.93 $62 $3,200 $405,000,000 $189 $9,800 $1,225,000,000 24.8%
Black 894,000 14.8% 56,910 6.4% 19.0% $1.81 $62 $3,200 $184,000,000 $215 $11,200 $637,000,000 22.4%
Hispanic 1,102,000 18.2% 79,910 7.3% 26.6% $1.75 $63 $3,300 $261,000,000 $228 $11,900 $949,000,000 21.6%
Other 595,000 9.8% 38,210 6.4% 12.7% $1.61 $58 $3,000 $115,000,000 $232 $12,000 $460,000,000 20.0%
Marital & family status
Married parent 1,392,000 23.0% 50,080 3.6% 16.7% $1.95 $72 $3,700 $187,000,000 $231 $12,000 $603,000,000 23.7%
Single parent 474,000 7.8% 26,170 5.5% 8.7% $2.24 $78 $4,000 $106,000,000 $205 $10,700 $279,000,000 27.5%
Married, no kids 1,499,000 24.8% 59,080 3.9% 19.7% $1.86 $72 $3,800 $222,000,000 $231 $12,000 $710,000,000 23.8%
Unmarried, no kids 2,682,000 44.4% 164,530 6.1% 54.9% $1.70 $53 $2,700 $450,000,000 $196 $10,200 $1,679,000,000 21.1%
Family income
Less than $10,000 220,000 3.6% 21,870 9.9% 7.3% $2.29 $87 $4,500 $98,000,000 $200 $10,400 $228,000,000 30.2%
$10,000–$24,999 664,000 11.0% 58,070 8.7% 19.4% $1.75 $58 $3,000 $174,000,000 $214 $11,100 $646,000,000 21.2%
$25,000–$39,999 969,000 16.0% 60,010 6.2% 20.0% $1.72 $59 $3,100 $183,000,000 $219 $11,400 $683,000,000 21.2%
$40,000–$59,999 1,003,000 16.6% 50,610 5.0% 16.9% $1.81 $66 $3,500 $175,000,000 $223 $11,600 $587,000,000 22.9%
$60,000–$99,999 1,549,000 25.6% 59,270 3.8% 19.8% $1.70 $55 $2,900 $170,000,000 $205 $10,700 $633,000,000 21.1%
$100,000–$149,999 904,000 14.9% 31,880 3.5% 10.6% $2.06 $63 $3,300 $105,000,000 $191 $10,000 $317,000,000 24.8%
$150,000 or more 739,000 12.2% 18,140 2.5% 6.0% $1.82 $63 $3,300 $60,000,000 $187 $9,700 $176,000,000 25.3%
Industry
Construction 361,000 6.0% 12,020 3.3% 4.0% $2.65 $102 $5,300 $64,000,000 $213 $11,100 $133,000,000 32.3%
Manufacturing 464,000 7.7% 11,680 2.5% 3.9% $1.96 $61 $3,200 $37,000,000 $219 $11,400 $133,000,000 21.9%
Retail 804,000 13.3% 53,920 6.7% 18.0% $1.12 $34 $1,800 $96,000,000 $209 $10,900 $586,000,000 14.0%
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing  –  –
Wholesale 135,000 2.2% 3,890 2.9% 1.3% $1.43 $56 $2,900 $11,000,000 $263 $13,700 $53,000,000 17.4%
Transportation and utilities 353,000 5.8% 13,900 3.9% 4.6% $2.25 $91 $4,800 $66,000,000 $234 $12,100 $169,000,000 28.1%
Information 189,000 3.1% 4,790 2.5% 1.6% $1.72 $68 $3,500 $17,000,000 $208 $10,800 $52,000,000 24.7%
Financial activities 300,000 5.0% 10,630 3.5% 3.5% $2.46 $93 $4,800 $51,000,000 $224 $11,600 $124,000,000 29.4%
Professional and business 668,000 11.0% 18,790 2.8% 6.3% $2.31 $80 $4,200 $78,000,000 $221 $11,500 $216,000,000 26.6%
Education and health 1,545,000 25.5% 49,760 3.2% 16.6% $1.71 $61 $3,200 $157,000,000 $223 $11,600 $578,000,000 21.4%
Food or drink service 439,000 7.3% 76,990 17.5% 25.7% $1.86 $59 $3,100 $235,000,000 $198 $10,300 $794,000,000 22.8%
Other leisure and hospitality 206,000 3.4% 15,020 7.3% 5.0% $1.76 $58 $3,000 $45,000,000 $197 $10,200 $154,000,000 22.6%
Other industries 578,000 9.6% 28,470 4.9% 9.5% $2.18 $72 $3,800 $107,000,000 $189 $9,800 $279,000,000 27.7%
Occupation
Management 491,000 8.1% 7,910 1.6% 2.6% $2.47 $92 $4,800 $38,000,000 $188 $9,800 $77,000,000 32.9%
Professional 1,344,000 22.2% 27,910 2.1% 9.3% $1.81 $65 $3,400 $94,000,000 $239 $12,400 $346,000,000 21.4%
Service 1,541,000 25.5% 140,530 9.1% 46.9% $1.94 $66 $3,400 $479,000,000 $199 $10,400 $1,457,000,000 24.8%
Sales 727,000 12.0% 50,070 6.9% 16.7% $1.34 $44 $2,300 $115,000,000 $214 $11,100 $557,000,000 17.2%
Office and administrative support 664,000 11.0% 26,670 4.0% 8.9% $1.71 $47 $2,500 $65,000,000 $202 $10,500 $281,000,000 18.9%
Farming, forestry, and fishing  –  –
Construction and extraction 322,000 5.3% 10,640 3.3% 3.5% $2.32 $88 $4,600 $49,000,000 $222 $11,500 $123,000,000 28.4%
Installation, maintenance, and repairs 219,000 3.6% 2,510 1.1% 0.8% $3.26 $109 $5,700 $14,000,000 $181 $9,400 $24,000,000 37.6%
Production 303,000 5.0% 11,080 3.7% 3.7% $1.73 $58 $3,000 $34,000,000 $231 $12,000 $133,000,000 20.2%
Transportation 432,000 7.1% 22,530 5.2% 7.5% $1.69 $65 $3,400 $76,000,000 $233 $12,100 $273,000,000 21.8%
Worker status
Part time (<20 hours) 360,000 5.9% 34,220 9.5% 11.4% $1.70 $20 $1,000 $36,000,000 $79 $4,100 $140,000,000 20.3%
Mid time (20–34 hours) 916,000 15.1% 103,960 11.4% 34.7% $1.69 $42 $2,200 $226,000,000 $165 $8,600 $891,000,000 20.3%
Full time (35+ hours) 4,772,000 78.9% 161,680 3.4% 53.9% $1.93 $84 $4,300 $703,000,000 $266 $13,800 $2,239,000,000 23.9%
Education
Less than high school 616,000 10.2% 72,860 11.8% 24.3% $1.56 $54 $2,800 $204,000,000 $219 $11,400 $829,000,000 19.8%
High school 1,679,000 27.8% 85,620 5.1% 28.6% $1.75 $59 $3,100 $262,000,000 $206 $10,700 $917,000,000 22.2%
Some college 1,729,000 28.6% 94,210 5.4% 31.4% $1.97 $64 $3,300 $315,000,000 $196 $10,200 $962,000,000 24.7%
Bachelor’s degree or higher 2,023,000 33.5% 47,160 2.3% 15.7% $2.04 $75 $3,900 $183,000,000 $229 $11,900 $562,000,000 24.6%
Nativity & citizenship
U.S.-born 4,299,000 71.1% 187,840 4.4% 62.6% $1.81 $58 $3,000 $563,000,000 $195 $10,100 $1,905,000,000 22.8%
Foreign born 1,748,000 28.9% 112,020 6.4% 37.4% $1.83 $69 $3,600 $402,000,000 $234 $12,200 $1,366,000,000 22.7%
U.S.-born citizen 4,356,000 72.0% 192,100 4.4% 64.1% $1.81 $57 $3,000 $572,000,000 $195 $10,100 $1,948,000,000 22.7%
Naturalized U.S. citizen 914,000 15.1% 46,700 5.1% 15.6% $1.70 $66 $3,500 $161,000,000 $240 $12,500 $582,000,000 21.7%
Not a U.S. citizen 777,000 12.9% 61,070 7.9% 20.4% $1.95 $73 $3,800 $231,000,000 $233 $12,100 $740,000,000 23.8%

Note: Full-year annual wages are calculated by multiplying weekly wages by 52 weeks per year. Data are not shown where sample sizes are too small to provide reliable estimates. Numbers may not add due to rounding. Shares are computed based on unrounded numbers. “Low-wage earners” includes all minimum-wage-eligible workers in the bottom quintile of wage earners in the state.

Sample includes workers age 16 to 85 in New York.

Source: EPI analysis of Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation Group data, 2013–2015

View the underlying data on epi.org.