Comparing projections of top incomes in Pennsylvania with actual levels, 2000–2011
| Projections based on Internal Revenue Service data | Actual levels as reported by the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Income share of the top 1% | Average income of the top 1% | Income share of the top 1% | Average income of the top 1% | Percentage-point difference between actual and projected income share of top 1% | Projected average income of top 1% as share of actual |
| 2000 | 17.5% | $988,702 | 19.6% | $1,112,708 | 2.1 | 89% |
| 2001 | 15.5% | $823,838 | 16.9% | $901,064 | 1.4 | 91% |
| 2002 | 14.7% | $751,226 | 16.6% | $847,263 | 1.9 | 89% |
| 2003 | 15.3% | $795,846 | 17.6% | $916,052 | 2.3 | 87% |
| 2004 | 16.0% | $876,640 | 18.9% | $1,033,381 | 2.9 | 85% |
| 2005 | 17.9% | $994,689 | 21.2% | $1,180,531 | 3.3 | 84% |
| 2006 | 18.3% | $1,042,094 | 21.8% | $1,238,940 | 3.5 | 84% |
| 2007 | 18.9% | $1,115,166 | 21.6% | $1,273,945 | 2.7 | 88% |
| 2008 | 16.9% | $918,147 | 19.9% | $1,086,298 | 3.0 | 85% |
| 2009 | 15.9% | $814,912 | 18.3% | $936,591 | 2.4 | 87% |
| 2010 | 17.4% | $905,113 | 20.1% | $1,052,402 | 2.7 | 86% |
| 2011 | 17.0% | $882,574 | 19.8% | $1,023,723 | 2.8 | 86% |
| % change, 2009–2011 | 8.3% | 9.3% | ||||
| Average, 2000–2011 | 2.6 | 87% | ||||
Note: Data are for tax units.
Source: Authors’ analysis of state-level tax data from Sommeiller (2006) extended to 2011 using state-level data from the Internal Revenue Service SOI Tax Stats (various years), Piketty and Saez (2012), and the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue (various years)