Real wages rise as inflation remains lower than nominal wage growth: Year-over-year changes in nominal wages, inflation, and real (inflation-adjusted) wages, 2019–2025

date Nominal wage growth Real wage growth Inflation
Jan-2019 3.3% 1.7% 1.5%
Feb-2019 3.6% 2.0% 1.5%
Mar-2019 3.4% 1.5% 1.9%
Apr-2019 3.3% 1.2% 2.0%
May-2019 3.3% 1.5% 1.8%
Jun-2019 3.4% 1.7% 1.7%
Jul-2019 3.4% 1.6% 1.8%
Aug-2019 3.4% 1.7% 1.7%
Sep-2019 3.1% 1.4% 1.7%
Oct-2019 3.1% 1.4% 1.7%
Nov-2019 3.3% 1.2% 2.1%
Dec-2019 3.0% 0.6% 2.3%
Jan-2020 3.0% 0.4% 2.6%
Feb-2020 3.1% 0.7% 2.3%
Mar-2020 3.5% 2.0% 1.5%
Apr-2020 8.1% 7.8% 0.3%
May-2020 6.6% 6.4% 0.2%
Jun-2020 5.1% 4.3% 0.7%
Jul-2020 4.9% 3.8% 1.0%
Aug-2020 4.8% 3.5% 1.3%
Sep-2020 4.8% 3.4% 1.4%
Oct-2020 4.7% 3.4% 1.2%
Nov-2020 4.6% 3.4% 1.2%
Dec-2020 5.4% 4.0% 1.3%
Jan-2021 5.2% 3.8% 1.4%
Feb-2021 5.4% 3.6% 1.7%
Mar-2021 4.5% 1.9% 2.6%
Apr-2021 0.6% -3.4% 4.1%
May-2021 2.3% -2.5% 4.9%
Jun-2021 4.0% -1.3% 5.3%
Jul-2021 4.3% -0.9% 5.3%
Aug-2021 4.4% -0.8% 5.2%
Sep-2021 4.9% -0.4% 5.4%
Oct-2021 5.4% -0.8% 6.2%
Nov-2021 5.4% -1.3% 6.9%
Dec-2021 5.0% -2.0% 7.2%
Jan-2022 5.7% -1.8% 7.6%
Feb-2022 5.3% -2.5% 7.9%
Mar-2022 5.9% -2.4% 8.5%
Apr-2022 5.7% -2.3% 8.2%
May-2022 5.6% -2.7% 8.5%
Jun-2022 5.4% -3.3% 9.0%
Jul-2022 5.5% -2.7% 8.4%
Aug-2022 5.4% -2.6% 8.2%
Sep-2022 5.1% -2.8% 8.2%
Oct-2022 5.0% -2.6% 7.8%
Nov-2022 5.1% -1.9% 7.1%
Dec-2022 4.9% -1.4% 6.4%
Jan-2023 4.5% -1.7% 6.3%
Feb-2023 4.7% -1.2% 6.0%
Mar-2023 4.6% -0.3% 4.9%
Apr-2023 4.6% -0.4% 4.9%
May-2023 4.4% 0.3% 4.1%
Jun-2023 4.6% 1.5% 3.1%
Jul-2023 4.6% 1.3% 3.3%
Aug-2023 4.5% 0.7% 3.7%
Sep-2023 4.4% 0.7% 3.7%
Oct-2023 4.2% 0.9% 3.2%
Nov-2023 4.1% 0.9% 3.1%
Dec-2023 4.1% 0.7% 3.3%
Jan-2024 4.3% 1.2% 3.1%
Feb-2024 4.2% 1.0% 3.2%
Mar-2024 4.2% 0.7% 3.5%
Apr-2024 4.0% 0.6% 3.4%
May-2024 4.1% 0.8% 3.2%
Jun-2024 3.9% 0.9% 3.0%
Jul-2024 3.6% 0.7% 2.9%
Aug-2024 4.0% 1.3% 2.6%
Sep-2024 3.9% 1.5% 2.4%
Oct-2024 4.1% 1.5% 2.6%
Nov-2024 4.2% 1.4% 2.7%
Dec-2024 4.0% 1.1% 2.9%
Jan-2025 3.9% 0.9% 3.0%
Feb-2025 3.9% 1.1% 2.8%
Mar-2025 3.9% 1.4% 2.4%
Apr-2025 3.8% 1.4% 2.3%
May-2025 3.8% 1.4% 2.4%
Jun-2025 3.7% 1.0% 2.7%
Jul-2025 3.9% 1.2% 2.7%
Aug-2025 3.8% 0.8% 2.9%
Sep-2025 3.7% 0.7% 3.0% 
Oct-2025 3.7% 0.75% 2.85%
Nov-2025 3.6% 0.8% 2.7%
Dec-2025 3.8%
Economic Policy Institute

Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Employment Statistics and Consumer Price Index public data series (CPI-U).

View the underlying data on epi.org.