Steady and growing erosion of Social Security tax base: Revenue lost to Social Security relative to scenario where 90% of earnings were subject to Social Security taxes, % of total taxes collected, 1983–2021

% total taxes collected
1983 0.0%
1984 0.8%
1985 1.2%
1986 1.6%
1987 2.7%
1988 4.9%
1989 3.7%
1990 3.2%
1991 2.5%
1992 3.7%
1993 3.2%
1994 3.3%
1995 4.9%
1996 5.0%
1997 5.8%
1998 6.5%
1999 7.3%
2000 8.2%
2001 6.3%
2002 4.5%
2003 4.8%
2004 6.1%
2005 7.0%
2006 7.9%
2007 9.0%
2008 7.7%
2009 5.6%
2010 7.0%
2011 7.7%
2012 8.7%
2013 7.7%
2014 8.3%
2015 8.6%
2016 8.3%
2017 7.8%
2018 8.2%
2019 7.8%
2020 8.8%
2021 10.6%

Notes: Author’s calculations using data from SSA (2022). The lost revenue is calculated by subtracting the current share of earnings subject to Social Security taxes from 90%. This amount is then multiplied by aggregate earnings, and then by 12.4% (the combined Social Security tax rate on employees and employers). The resulting sum is then divided by 12.4% multiplied by the Social Security earnings base (essentially a measure of total revenue collected by Social Security through the payroll tax). 

Source: Annual Statistical Supplement 2022, Table 4.B1, Social Security Administration.

View the underlying data on epi.org.