Share of income of the non-elderly* bottom fifth accounted for by wage-related income, in-kind income, and cash transfers, 1979–2010
| Cash transfers (e.g., Social Security, UI, TANF) | In-kind benefits (e.g., SNAP, Medicaid) | Wage-related income (wages, benefits, and tax credits [e.g., EITC]) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1979 | 18.7% | 13.2% | 57.5% |
| 1980 | 19.4% | 13.5% | 56.6% |
| 1981 | 19.2% | 13.5% | 56.9% |
| 1982 | 20.3% | 14.3% | 56.0% |
| 1983 | 20.0% | 15.4% | 55.1% |
| 1984 | 17.1% | 13.3% | 57.6% |
| 1985 | 17.9% | 14.5% | 56.8% |
| 1986 | 17.1% | 14.8% | 56.5% |
| 1987 | 17.6% | 16.9% | 54.5% |
| 1988 | 17.1% | 16.5% | 55.1% |
| 1989 | 15.2% | 16.1% | 57.5% |
| 1990 | 14.5% | 17.5% | 57.8% |
| 1991 | 14.6% | 17.7% | 58.2% |
| 1992 | 14.3% | 17.9% | 59.6% |
| 1993 | 14.1% | 18.5% | 58.1% |
| 1994 | 13.7% | 18.7% | 59.6% |
| 1995 | 11.9% | 16.7% | 63.4% |
| 1996 | 11.6% | 16.0% | 65.1% |
| 1997 | 10.7% | 14.0% | 67.5% |
| 1998 | 9.6% | 13.2% | 69.8% |
| 1999 | 9.3% | 12.5% | 69.1% |
| 2000 | 9.1% | 12.6% | 69.1% |
| 2001 | 8.6% | 15.6% | 70.2% |
| 2002 | 9.5% | 15.2% | 69.5% |
| 2003 | 9.0% | 15.5% | 70.1% |
| 2004 | 8.6% | 15.9% | 70.1% |
| 2005 | 7.5% | 15.7% | 71.7% |
| 2006 | 6.7% | 15.8% | 71.9% |
| 2007 | 6.6% | 16.1% | 71.3% |
| 2008 | 7.7% | 16.7% | 74.3% |
| 2009 | 10.2% | 18.6% | 70.3% |
| 2010 | 10.5% | 18.3% | 69.7% |
* Data are derived from weighted average of non-elderly childless households and households with children.
Note: Wages and benefits, cash transfers, in-kind income, and tax credits comprise 98.5 percent of all pretax income for the bottom fifth non-elderly population in 2010. The other 1.5 percent is made up of capital gains, proprietors' income, other business income, interest and dividends, and other income.
Source: Authors' analysis of Congressional Budget Office (2013)