Since 1997, thirty state legislatures have passed bills preempting local labor standards---most have become law: State preemption laws and bills, by type of local ordinance and year preemption bill was passed by the legislature, January 1997--July 2017
| State | Minimum wage preemption | Paid leave preemption | Fair work scheduling preemption | Prevailing wage and project labor agreements preemption |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 2016 | 2014 | 2016 | 2016 |
| Arizona | 2013 | |||
| Arkansas | 2017 | 2017 | 2017 | |
| Colorado | 1999 | |||
| Florida | 2003 | 2013 | 2017 | |
| Georgia | 2004 | 2004 | 2017 | |
| Idaho | 2016 | |||
| Indiana | 2011 | 2013 | 2016 | 2015 |
| Iowa | 2017 | 2017 | 2017 | 2017 |
| Kansas | 2013 | 2013 | 2016 | 2013 |
| Kentucky | 2017* | 2017 | 2017 | |
| Louisiana | 1997 | 2012 | ||
| Maryland | 2017 (vetoed) | |||
| Michigan | 2015 | 2015 | 2015 | 2015 |
| Mississippi | 2013 | 2013 | 2014 | |
| Missouri | 2015/2017** | 2015 | 2017 | |
| New Hampshire | Dillon’s Rule*** | Dillon’s Rule*** | ||
| New Mexico | 2017 (vetoed) | |||
| North Carolina | 2016 | 2016 | ||
| Ohio | 2016 | 2016 | 2016 | |
| Oklahoma | 2014 | 2014 | ||
| Oregon | 2001 | 2015 | ||
| Pennsylvania | 2006 | |||
| Rhode Island | 2014 | |||
| South Carolina | 2002 | 2017 | ||
| Tennessee | 2013 | 2013 | 2017 | 2013 |
| Texas | 2003 | |||
| Utah | 2001 | 2001 | ||
| Virginia | 2016 (vetoed but Dillon’s Rule***) | 2016 (vetoed but Dillon’s Rule***) | 2017 (vetoed but Dillon’s Rule***) | |
| Wisconsin | 2005 | 2011 | 2017 |
* The Kentucky Supreme Court struck down Louisville and Lexington’s minimum wage ordinances in October 2016. The state legislature passed a minimum wage preemption law on January 9, 2017.
** Missouri originally passed a minimum wage preemption law in 2015 but the law did not apply to an already-passed St. Louis minimum wage ordinance; the Missouri state legislature subsequently amended the law in 2017, making the preemption retroactive to cover the St. Louis ordinance.
*** Dillon’s Rule states (see explanation in report and in extended notes).
Notes: See extended notes for details about vetoed bills and Dillon’s Rule states.
The governor of Maryland vetoed the paid leave preemption bill passed by the Maryland state legislature in 2017. The law did not go into effect. New Mexico’s governor vetoed the fair work scheduling preemption bill passed by the New Mexico state legislature in 2017. The law did not go into effect. The governor of Virginia vetoed all three preemption bills passed by the Virginia state legislature. However, because Virginia is a “Dillon’s Rule” state—which grants narrow governing authority to local governments—local minimum wage, paid leave, and prevailing wage/project labor agreements ordinances are likely automatically preempted under Virginia law.
Source: EPI analysis of preemption laws in all 50 states