Estimation of union–nonunion wage differentials for blue-collar construction workers, Colorado and New York state, 2000–2016
| Variable | Coefficient | t-statistic | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Union differential by state | |||
| Union member | 0.143 | 1.74 | 90% |
| New York state | -0.061 | -1.50 | — |
| Union member ∗ New York state | 0.052 | 0.57 | — |
| Occupation | |||
| Electrician | 0.111 | 1.97 | 95% |
| Plumber/pipefitter | 0.140 | 2.15 | 95% |
| Carpenter | 0.022 | 0.46 | — |
| Operating engineer | 0.003 | 0.04 | — |
| Laborer | -0.141 | -2.90 | 99% |
| All other occupations | Base | — | — |
| Education | |||
| No high school diploma | -0.188 | -4.14 | 99% |
| High school diploma, no college | Base | — | — |
| Some college, no degree | 0.157 | 2.95 | 99% |
| Associate degree or vocational program | 0.221 | 3.25 | 99% |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | 0.152 | 2.25 | 99% |
| Demographics | |||
| Age | 0.008 | 5.44 | 99% |
| Male | 0.183 | 1.69 | 90% |
| Veteran | -0.168 | -2.63 | 99% |
| Noncitizen | -0.061 | -1.27 | — |
| Year indicators (2000–2016) | Included | ||
| Number of observations | 498 | ||
| R-squared | 0.3624 | ||
| F-statistic (31, 466) | 8.26 | ||
Source: Authors’ analysis of data from Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation Group, 2000–2016