Occupations with largest shares of all imputed wage values below the federal minimum wage
| Share of occupation values below $7.25 | Margin of error | Share of all values < $7.25 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cashiers | 32.1% | +/- 0.9% | 8.9% |
| 2 | Cooks | 27.5% | +/- 1.1% | 4.7% |
| 3 | Retail salespersons | 20.0% | +/- 0.9% | 4.6% |
| 4 | Waiters and waitresses | 28.2% | +/- 1.2% | 4.5% |
| 5 | Maids and housekeeping cleaners | 28.2% | +/- 1.4% | 3.4% |
| 6 | Janitors and building cleaners | 17.3% | +/- 1.0% | 3.0% |
| 7 | Stock clerks and order fillers | 19.8% | +/- 1.2% | 2.4% |
| 8 | Child care workers | 31.8% | +/- 1.8% | 2.4% |
| 9 | Food preparation workers | 32.7% | +/- 1.9% | 2.3% |
| 10 | Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides | 14.9% | +/- 1.0% | 2.3% |
| 11 | Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand | 15.6% | +/- 1.0% | 2.2% |
| 12 | Personal and home care aides | 22.5% | +/- 1.5% | 2.1% |
| 13 | Miscellaneous agricultural workers | 26.0% | +/- 1.7% | 1.9% |
| 14 | Customer service representatives | 11.4% | +/- 0.8% | 1.8% |
| 15 | Grounds maintenance workers | 20.6% | +/- 1.5% | 1.7% |
| 16 | Driver/sales workers and truck drivers | 7.4% | +/- 0.6% | 1.7% |
| 17 | Teacher assistants | 19.0% | +/- 1.5% | 1.5% |
| 18 | Construction laborers | 13.6% | +/- 1.1% | 1.4% |
| 19 | Receptionists and information clerks | 12.3% | +/- 1.1% | 1.2% |
| 20 | Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food | 38.5% | +/- 3.0% | 1.1% |
| 21 | Packers and packagers, hand | 26.3% | +/- 2.3% | 1.1% |
| 22 | Secretaries and administrative assistants | 5.2% | +/- 0.5% | 1.1% |
| 23 | First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers | 5.4% | +/- 0.5% | 1.0% |
| 24 | Elementary and middle school teachers | 4.3% | +/- 0.4% | 1.0% |
| 25 | Office clerks, general | 11.8% | +/- 1.2% | 1.0% |
| 26 | Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers | 32.2% | +/- 2.9% | 0.9% |
| 27 | Dishwashers | 33.9% | +/- 3.1% | 0.9% |
| 28 | Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop | 42.0% | +/- 3.6% | 0.9% |
| 29 | Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop | 36.5% | +/- 3.4% | 0.8% |
| 30 | Other teachers and instructors | 15.5% | +/- 1.7% | 0.8% |
Source: EPI analysis of Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement microdata, pooled years 2012–2014