Health inclusive poverty shows economic insecurity is worse than we estimate: Poverty rates based on HIPM, SPM, and OPM, 2014–2024
| Year | Health inclusive poverty | Supplemental poverty | Official poverty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 17.1% | 15.6% | 14.8% |
| 2015 | 15.8% | 14.5% | 13.5% |
| 2016 | 15% | 14% | 12.7% |
| 2017 | 15.1% | 13% | 12.3% |
| 2018 | 15.5% | 12.8% | 11.8% |
| 2019 | 14.3% | 11.8% | 10.5% |
| 2020 | 11.6% | 9.2% | 11.5% |
| 2021 | 9.6% | 7.8% | 11.6% |
| 2022 | 14.3% | 12.4% | 11.5% |
| 2023 | 14.8% | 12.9% | 11.1% |
| 2024 | 14.8% | 12.9% | 10.6% |
Notes: HIPM refers to Health Inclusive Poverty Measure, SPM refers to the Supplemental Poverty Measure, and OPM refers to the Official Poverty Measure. Data for 2017 and 2019 reflect revised figures.
Source: Creamer, John. 2024. “Appendix Table 1: Poverty Rates by Measure, 2014-2024”, in Health Inclusive Poverty Measure in the United States: 2024, September 2025.