Actual and implied nondefense public investment as a share of GDP in various budget proposals, 2000–2023
| House alternative budget | Ryan budget | Senate budget | Congressional Progressive Caucus budget | Obama budget | Actual spending | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 2.6% | |||||
| 2001 | 2.7% | |||||
| 2002 | 2.7% | |||||
| 2003 | 2.6% | |||||
| 2004 | 2.6% | |||||
| 2005 | 2.5% | |||||
| 2006 | 2.6% | |||||
| 2007 | 2.6% | |||||
| 2008 | 2.7% | |||||
| 2009 | 2.6% | |||||
| 2010 | 2.5% | |||||
| 2011 | 2.3% | 2.3% | 2.3% | 2.3% | 2.3% | 2.3% |
| 2012 | 2.3% | 2.2% | 2.3% | 2.4% | 2.3% | |
| 2013 | 2.4% | 2.2% | 2.2% | 2.4% | 2.2% | |
| 2014 | 2.3% | 2.1% | 2.3% | 2.6% | 2.2% | |
| 2015 | 2.2% | 1.9% | 2.2% | 2.7% | 2.2% | |
| 2016 | 2.1% | 1.8% | 2.1% | 2.6% | 2.1% | |
| 2017 | 2.0% | 1.8% | 2.0% | 2.5% | 2.0% | |
| 2018 | 2.0% | 1.7% | 1.9% | 2.4% | 2.0% | |
| 2019 | 1.9% | 1.7% | 1.9% | 2.4% | 1.9% | |
| 2020 | 1.9% | 1.7% | 1.8% | 2.3% | 1.9% | |
| 2021 | 1.8% | 1.6% | 1.8% | 2.3% | 1.9% | |
| 2022 | 1.8% | 1.6% | 1.8% | 2.3% | 1.8% | |
| 2023 | 1.8% | 1.5% | 1.7% | 2.2% | 1.7% |
Source: Author's analysis of CPC (2013), Murray (2013), OMB (2013), Ryan (2013), and Van Hollen (2013)