Mainland-born Puerto Rican women have substantially smaller wage gaps with non-Hispanic white men than their island-born counterparts: Adjusted wage gaps between Puerto Rican women and non-Hispanic white men and between third-generation Hispanic women and third-generation non-Hispanic white men, 1995–2016
| Year | Puerto Rican women, island-born | Puerto Rican women, mainland-born | Hispanic women, 3rd generation or higher |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 38.5% | 35.1% | 29.4% |
| 1996 | 35.1% | 33.1% | 27.7% |
| 1997 | 38.0% | 30.9% | 27.7% |
| 1998 | 34.6% | 29.5% | 28.1% |
| 1999 | 32.2% | 26.6% | 28.4% |
| 2000 | 28.9% | 24.8% | 28.3% |
| 2001 | 29.8% | 22.7% | 28.4% |
| 2002 | 32.4% | 21.5% | 31.0% |
| 2003 | 33.5% | 23.7% | 29.8% |
| 2004 | 35.0% | 24.7% | 29.4% |
| 2005 | 35.2% | 26.1% | 29.2% |
| 2006 | 34.7% | 26.3% | 31.4% |
| 2007 | 34.4% | 26.3% | 30.5% |
| 2008 | 33.4% | 26.7% | 28.2% |
| 2009 | 31.9% | 25.0% | 25.9% |
| 2010 | 31.3% | 27.3% | 25.0% |
| 2011 | 31.8% | 26.3% | 27.5% |
| 2012 | 34.5% | 25.9% | 29.2% |
| 2013 | 36.2% | 23.7% | 30.6% |
| 2014 | 34.8% | 23.4% | 30.0% |
| 2015 | 31.4% | 22.5% | 30.9% |
| 2016 | 29.1% | 24.4% | 31.4% |
Note: The wage gap is how much less, in percent terms, the average Puerto Rican (island-born or mainland-born) woman makes than the average non-Hispanic white man in general and how much less the average third-generation Hispanic woman makes than the average third-generation non-Hispanic white man, with all wage gaps adjusted for education, experience, and region of residence. The wages compared are average hourly wages of full-time workers ages 18–64. Wage gaps reflect a three-year moving average, with 1994 included in the average for 1995, and 2017 included in the average for 2016.
Source: EPI analysis of Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation Group microdata from the U.S. Census Bureau
