State and local financing offer no clear advantage over federal financing: Bond Buyer 20 Index and 20-year Treasury constant maturity rate, January 1979–December 2016
| Date | Bond Buyer 20 Index | 20-year Treasury constant maturity rate |
|---|---|---|
| Jan-1979 | 6.47% | 8.98 |
| Feb-1979 | 6.31 | 9.03 |
| Mar-1979 | 6.33 | 9.08 |
| Apr-1979 | 6.29 | 9.12 |
| May-1979 | 6.25 | 9.21 |
| Jun-1979 | 6.13 | 8.91 |
| Jul-1979 | 6.13 | 8.92 |
| Aug-1979 | 6.2 | 8.97 |
| Sep-1979 | 6.52 | 9.21 |
| Oct-1979 | 7.08 | 9.99 |
| Nov-1979 | 7.3 | 10.37 |
| Dec-1979 | 7.22 | 10.18 |
| Jan-1980 | 7.35 | 10.65 |
| Feb-1980 | 8.16 | 12.21 |
| Mar-1980 | 9.17 | 12.49 |
| Apr-1980 | 8.63 | 11.42 |
| May-1980 | 7.59 | 10.44 |
| Jun-1980 | 7.63 | 9.89 |
| Jul-1980 | 8.13 | 10.32 |
| Aug-1980 | 8.67 | 11.07 |
| Sep-1980 | 8.94 | 11.47 |
| Oct-1980 | 9.11 | 11.75 |
| Nov-1980 | 9.56 | 12.44 |
| Dec-1980 | 10.11 | 12.49 |
| Jan-1981 | 9.66 | 12.29 |
| Feb-1981 | 10.1 | 12.98 |
| Mar-1981 | 10.16 | 12.94 |
| Apr-1981 | 10.62 | 13.46 |
| May-1981 | 10.78 | 13.82 |
| Jun-1981 | 10.67 | 13.2 |
| Jul-1981 | 11.14 | 13.92 |
| Aug-1981 | 12.26 | 14.52 |
| Sep-1981 | 12.92 | 15.07 |
| Oct-1981 | 12.83 | 15.13 |
| Nov-1981 | 11.89 | 13.56 |
| Dec-1981 | 12.91 | 13.73 |
| Jan-1982 | 13.28 | 14.57 |
| Feb-1982 | 12.97 | 14.48 |
| Mar-1982 | 12.82 | 13.75 |
| Apr-1982 | 12.58 | 13.57 |
| May-1982 | 11.95 | 13.46 |
| Jun-1982 | 12.38 | 14.18 |
| Jul-1982 | 12.28 | 13.76 |
| Aug-1982 | 11.23 | 12.91 |
| Sep-1982 | 10.66 | 12.16 |
| Oct-1982 | 9.69 | 10.97 |
| Nov-1982 | 10.06 | 10.57 |
| Dec-1982 | 9.96 | 10.62 |
| Jan-1983 | 9.5 | 10.78 |
| Feb-1983 | 9.58 | 11.03 |
| Mar-1983 | 9.2 | 10.8 |
| Apr-1983 | 9.05 | 10.63 |
| May-1983 | 9.11 | 10.67 |
| Jun-1983 | 9.52 | 11.12 |
| Jul-1983 | 9.53 | 11.59 |
| Aug-1983 | 9.72 | 11.96 |
| Sep-1983 | 9.58 | 11.82 |
| Oct-1983 | 9.66 | 11.77 |
| Nov-1983 | 9.75 | 11.92 |
| Dec-1983 | 9.89 | 12.02 |
| Jan-1984 | 9.63 | 11.82 |
| Feb-1984 | 9.64 | 12 |
| Mar-1984 | 9.94 | 12.45 |
| Apr-1984 | 9.96 | 12.65 |
| May-1984 | 10.49 | 13.43 |
| Jun-1984 | 10.67 | 13.54 |
| Jul-1984 | 10.42 | 13.36 |
| Aug-1984 | 9.99 | 12.71 |
| Sep-1984 | 10.1 | 12.42 |
| Oct-1984 | 10.25 | 12.04 |
| Nov-1984 | 10.17 | 11.66 |
| Dec-1984 | 9.95 | 11.64 |
| Jan-1985 | 9.51 | 11.58 |
| Feb-1985 | 9.65 | 11.7 |
| Mar-1985 | 9.77 | 12.06 |
| Apr-1985 | 9.42 | 11.69 |
| May-1985 | 9.01 | 11.19 |
| Jun-1985 | 8.69 | 10.57 |
| Jul-1985 | 8.81 | 10.68 |
| Aug-1985 | 9.08 | 10.73 |
| Sep-1985 | 9.27 | 10.8 |
| Oct-1985 | 9.08 | 10.67 |
| Nov-1985 | 8.54 | 10.24 |
| Dec-1985 | 8.43 | 9.75 |
| Jan-1986 | 8.08 | 9.59 |
| Feb-1986 | 7.44 | 9.08 |
| Mar-1986 | 7.08 | 8.09 |
| Apr-1986 | 7.2 | 7.5 |
| May-1986 | 7.54 | 7.81 |
| Jun-1986 | 7.87 | 7.69 |
| Jul-1986 | 7.51 | 7.29 |
| Aug-1986 | 7.21 | 7.28 |
| Sep-1986 | 7.11 | 7.56 |
| Oct-1986 | 7.08 | 7.61 |
| Nov-1986 | 6.85 | 7.42 |
| Dec-1986 | 6.86 | 7.28 |
| Jan-1987 | 6.61 | |
| Feb-1987 | 6.61 | |
| Mar-1987 | 6.66 | |
| Apr-1987 | 7.55 | |
| May-1987 | 8.01 | |
| Jun-1987 | 7.79 | |
| Jul-1987 | 7.72 | |
| Aug-1987 | 7.82 | |
| Sep-1987 | 8.26 | |
| Oct-1987 | 8.7 | |
| Nov-1987 | 7.95 | |
| Dec-1987 | 7.96 | |
| Jan-1988 | 7.7 | |
| Feb-1988 | 7.49 | |
| Mar-1988 | 7.74 | |
| Apr-1988 | 7.81 | |
| May-1988 | 7.91 | |
| Jun-1988 | 7.78 | |
| Jul-1988 | 7.76 | |
| Aug-1988 | 7.79 | |
| Sep-1988 | 7.66 | |
| Oct-1988 | 7.47 | |
| Nov-1988 | 7.46 | |
| Dec-1988 | 7.61 | |
| Jan-1989 | 7.35 | |
| Feb-1989 | 7.44 | |
| Mar-1989 | 7.59 | |
| Apr-1989 | 7.49 | |
| May-1989 | 7.25 | |
| Jun-1989 | 7.02 | |
| Jul-1989 | 6.96 | |
| Aug-1989 | 7.06 | |
| Sep-1989 | 7.26 | |
| Oct-1989 | 7.22 | |
| Nov-1989 | 7.14 | |
| Dec-1989 | 6.98 | |
| Jan-1990 | 7.1 | |
| Feb-1990 | 7.22 | |
| Mar-1990 | 7.29 | |
| Apr-1990 | 7.39 | |
| May-1990 | 7.35 | |
| Jun-1990 | 7.24 | |
| Jul-1990 | 7.19 | |
| Aug-1990 | 7.32 | |
| Sep-1990 | 7.43 | |
| Oct-1990 | 7.49 | |
| Nov-1990 | 7.18 | |
| Dec-1990 | 7.09 | |
| Jan-1991 | 7.08 | |
| Feb-1991 | 6.91 | |
| Mar-1991 | 7.1 | |
| Apr-1991 | 7.02 | |
| May-1991 | 6.95 | |
| Jun-1991 | 7.13 | |
| Jul-1991 | 7.05 | |
| Aug-1991 | 6.9 | |
| Sep-1991 | 6.8 | |
| Oct-1991 | 6.68 | |
| Nov-1991 | 6.73 | |
| Dec-1991 | 6.69 | |
| Jan-1992 | 6.54 | |
| Feb-1992 | 6.74 | |
| Mar-1992 | 6.76 | |
| Apr-1992 | 6.67 | |
| May-1992 | 6.57 | |
| Jun-1992 | 6.49 | |
| Jul-1992 | 6.13 | |
| Aug-1992 | 6.16 | |
| Sep-1992 | 6.25 | |
| Oct-1992 | 6.41 | |
| Nov-1992 | 6.36 | |
| Dec-1992 | 6.22 | |
| Jan-1993 | 6.16 | |
| Feb-1993 | 5.87 | |
| Mar-1993 | 5.64 | |
| Apr-1993 | 5.76 | |
| May-1993 | 5.73 | |
| Jun-1993 | 5.63 | |
| Jul-1993 | 5.57 | |
| Aug-1993 | 5.45 | |
| Sep-1993 | 5.29 | |
| Oct-1993 | 5.25 | 6.07 |
| Nov-1993 | 5.47 | 6.38 |
| Dec-1993 | 5.35 | 6.4 |
| Jan-1994 | 5.31 | 6.39 |
| Feb-1994 | 5.4 | 6.57 |
| Mar-1994 | 5.91 | 7 |
| Apr-1994 | 6.23 | 7.4 |
| May-1994 | 6.19 | 7.54 |
| Jun-1994 | 6.11 | 7.51 |
| Jul-1994 | 6.23 | 7.67 |
| Aug-1994 | 6.21 | 7.62 |
| Sep-1994 | 6.28 | 7.87 |
| Oct-1994 | 6.52 | 8.08 |
| Nov-1994 | 6.97 | 8.2 |
| Dec-1994 | 6.8 | 7.99 |
| Jan-1995 | 6.53 | 7.97 |
| Feb-1995 | 6.22 | 7.73 |
| Mar-1995 | 6.1 | 7.57 |
| Apr-1995 | 6.02 | 7.45 |
| May-1995 | 5.95 | 7.01 |
| Jun-1995 | 5.84 | 6.59 |
| Jul-1995 | 5.92 | 6.74 |
| Aug-1995 | 6.06 | 6.92 |
| Sep-1995 | 5.91 | 6.65 |
| Oct-1995 | 5.8 | 6.45 |
| Nov-1995 | 5.64 | 6.33 |
| Dec-1995 | 5.45 | 6.12 |
| Jan-1996 | 5.43 | 6.11 |
| Feb-1996 | 5.43 | 6.3 |
| Mar-1996 | 5.79 | 6.74 |
| Apr-1996 | 5.94 | 6.98 |
| May-1996 | 5.98 | 7.11 |
| Jun-1996 | 6.02 | 7.22 |
| Jul-1996 | 5.92 | 7.14 |
| Aug-1996 | 5.76 | 6.97 |
| Sep-1996 | 5.87 | 7.17 |
| Oct-1996 | 5.72 | 6.9 |
| Nov-1996 | 5.59 | 6.58 |
| Dec-1996 | 5.64 | 6.65 |
| Jan-1997 | 5.72 | 6.91 |
| Feb-1997 | 5.63 | 6.77 |
| Mar-1997 | 5.76 | 7.05 |
| Apr-1997 | 5.88 | 7.2 |
| May-1997 | 5.7 | 7.02 |
| Jun-1997 | 5.53 | 6.84 |
| Jul-1997 | 5.35 | 6.56 |
| Aug-1997 | 5.41 | 6.65 |
| Sep-1997 | 5.39 | 6.56 |
| Oct-1997 | 5.38 | 6.38 |
| Nov-1997 | 5.33 | 6.2 |
| Dec-1997 | 5.18 | 6.07 |
| Jan-1998 | 5.04 | 5.88 |
| Feb-1998 | 5.1 | 5.96 |
| Mar-1998 | 5.21 | 6.01 |
| Apr-1998 | 5.23 | 6 |
| May-1998 | 5.2 | 6.01 |
| Jun-1998 | 5.12 | 5.8 |
| Jul-1998 | 5.15 | 5.78 |
| Aug-1998 | 5.1 | 5.66 |
| Sep-1998 | 4.99 | 5.38 |
| Oct-1998 | 4.93 | 5.3 |
| Nov-1998 | 5.03 | 5.48 |
| Dec-1998 | 4.98 | 5.36 |
| Jan-1999 | 5.01 | 5.45 |
| Feb-1999 | 5.03 | 5.66 |
| Mar-1999 | 5.1 | 5.87 |
| Apr-1999 | 5.07 | 5.82 |
| May-1999 | 5.18 | 6.08 |
| Jun-1999 | 5.37 | 6.36 |
| Jul-1999 | 5.39 | 6.28 |
| Aug-1999 | 5.58 | 6.43 |
| Sep-1999 | 5.69 | 6.5 |
| Oct-1999 | 5.92 | 6.66 |
| Nov-1999 | 5.86 | 6.48 |
| Dec-1999 | 5.95 | 6.69 |
| Jan-2000 | 6.07 | 6.86 |
| Feb-2000 | 6 | 6.54 |
| Mar-2000 | 5.83 | 6.38 |
| Apr-2000 | 5.75 | 6.18 |
| May-2000 | 6 | 6.55 |
| Jun-2000 | 5.8 | 6.28 |
| Jul-2000 | 5.63 | 6.2 |
| Aug-2000 | 5.51 | 6.02 |
| Sep-2000 | 5.56 | 6.09 |
| Oct-2000 | 5.59 | 6.04 |
| Nov-2000 | 5.54 | 5.98 |
| Dec-2000 | 5.23 | 5.64 |
| Jan-2001 | 5.1 | 5.65 |
| Feb-2001 | 5.18 | 5.62 |
| Mar-2001 | 5.13 | 5.49 |
| Apr-2001 | 5.27 | 5.78 |
| May-2001 | 5.29 | 5.92 |
| Jun-2001 | 5.2 | 5.82 |
| Jul-2001 | 5.2 | 5.75 |
| Aug-2001 | 5.03 | 5.58 |
| Sep-2001 | 5.09 | 5.53 |
| Oct-2001 | 5.05 | 5.34 |
| Nov-2001 | 5.04 | 5.33 |
| Dec-2001 | 5.25 | 5.76 |
| Jan-2002 | 5.16 | 5.69 |
| Feb-2002 | 5.11 | 5.61 |
| Mar-2002 | 5.29 | 5.93 |
| Apr-2002 | 5.22 | 5.85 |
| May-2002 | 5.19 | 5.81 |
| Jun-2002 | 5.09 | 5.65 |
| Jul-2002 | 5.02 | 5.51 |
| Aug-2002 | 4.95 | 5.19 |
| Sep-2002 | 4.73 | 4.87 |
| Oct-2002 | 4.88 | 5 |
| Nov-2002 | 4.95 | 5.04 |
| Dec-2002 | 4.85 | 5.01 |
| Jan-2003 | 4.9 | 5.02 |
| Feb-2003 | 4.81 | 4.87 |
| Mar-2003 | 4.76 | 4.82 |
| Apr-2003 | 4.74 | 4.91 |
| May-2003 | 4.41 | 4.52 |
| Jun-2003 | 4.33 | 4.34 |
| Jul-2003 | 4.74 | 4.92 |
| Aug-2003 | 5.1 | 5.39 |
| Sep-2003 | 4.92 | 5.21 |
| Oct-2003 | 4.89 | 5.21 |
| Nov-2003 | 4.73 | 5.17 |
| Dec-2003 | 4.64 | 5.11 |
| Jan-2004 | 4.61 | 5.01 |
| Feb-2004 | 4.55 | 4.94 |
| Mar-2004 | 4.41 | 4.72 |
| Apr-2004 | 4.82 | 5.16 |
| May-2004 | 5.07 | 5.46 |
| Jun-2004 | 5.05 | 5.45 |
| Jul-2004 | 4.87 | 5.24 |
| Aug-2004 | 4.7 | 5.07 |
| Sep-2004 | 4.56 | 4.89 |
| Oct-2004 | 4.49 | 4.85 |
| Nov-2004 | 4.52 | 4.89 |
| Dec-2004 | 4.48 | 4.88 |
| Jan-2005 | 4.41 | 4.77 |
| Feb-2005 | 4.35 | 4.61 |
| Mar-2005 | 4.57 | 4.89 |
| Apr-2005 | 4.46 | 4.75 |
| May-2005 | 4.31 | 4.56 |
| Jun-2005 | 4.23 | 4.35 |
| Jul-2005 | 4.31 | 4.48 |
| Aug-2005 | 4.32 | 4.53 |
| Sep-2005 | 4.29 | 4.51 |
| Oct-2005 | 4.5 | 4.74 |
| Nov-2005 | 4.57 | 4.83 |
| Dec-2005 | 4.46 | 4.73 |
| Jan-2006 | 4.37 | 4.65 |
| Feb-2006 | 4.41 | 4.73 |
| Mar-2006 | 4.44 | 4.91 |
| Apr-2006 | 4.58 | 5.22 |
| May-2006 | 4.59 | 5.35 |
| Jun-2006 | 4.6 | 5.29 |
| Jul-2006 | 4.61 | 5.25 |
| Aug-2006 | 4.39 | 5.08 |
| Sep-2006 | 4.27 | 4.93 |
| Oct-2006 | 4.3 | 4.94 |
| Nov-2006 | 4.14 | 4.78 |
| Dec-2006 | 4.11 | 4.78 |
| Jan-2007 | 4.23 | 4.95 |
| Feb-2007 | 4.22 | 4.93 |
| Mar-2007 | 4.15 | 4.81 |
| Apr-2007 | 4.26 | 4.95 |
| May-2007 | 4.31 | 4.98 |
| Jun-2007 | 4.6 | 5.29 |
| Jul-2007 | 4.56 | 5.19 |
| Aug-2007 | 4.67 | 5 |
| Sep-2007 | 4.51 | 4.84 |
| Oct-2007 | 4.41 | 4.83 |
| Nov-2007 | 4.46 | 4.56 |
| Dec-2007 | 4.42 | 4.57 |
| Jan-2008 | 4.27 | 4.35 |
| Feb-2008 | 4.64 | 4.49 |
| Mar-2008 | 4.93 | 4.36 |
| Apr-2008 | 4.7 | 4.44 |
| May-2008 | 4.58 | 4.6 |
| Jun-2008 | 4.72 | 4.74 |
| Jul-2008 | 4.68 | 4.62 |
| Aug-2008 | 4.69 | 4.53 |
| Sep-2008 | 4.86 | 4.32 |
| Oct-2008 | 5.5 | 4.45 |
| Nov-2008 | 5.23 | 4.27 |
| Dec-2008 | 5.49 | 3.18 |
| Jan-2009 | 5.03 | 3.46 |
| Feb-2009 | 4.9 | 3.83 |
| Mar-2009 | 4.99 | 3.78 |
| Apr-2009 | 4.78 | 3.84 |
| May-2009 | 4.55 | 4.22 |
| Jun-2009 | 4.81 | 4.51 |
| Jul-2009 | 4.72 | 4.38 |
| Aug-2009 | 4.6 | 4.33 |
| Sep-2009 | 4.24 | 4.14 |
| Oct-2009 | 4.2 | 4.16 |
| Nov-2009 | 4.37 | 4.24 |
| Dec-2009 | 4.21 | 4.4 |
| Jan-2010 | 4.33 | 4.5 |
| Feb-2010 | 4.36 | 4.48 |
| Mar-2010 | 4.37 | 4.49 |
| Apr-2010 | 4.41 | 4.53 |
| May-2010 | 4.29 | 4.11 |
| Jun-2010 | 4.36 | 3.95 |
| Jul-2010 | 4.32 | 3.8 |
| Aug-2010 | 4.03 | 3.52 |
| Sep-2010 | 3.87 | 3.47 |
| Oct-2010 | 3.87 | 3.52 |
| Nov-2010 | 4.4 | 3.82 |
| Dec-2010 | 4.92 | 4.17 |
| Jan-2011 | 5.28 | 4.28 |
| Feb-2011 | 5.15 | 4.42 |
| Mar-2011 | 4.92 | 4.27 |
| Apr-2011 | 4.99 | 4.28 |
| May-2011 | 4.6 | 4.01 |
| Jun-2011 | 4.51 | 3.91 |
| Jul-2011 | 4.52 | 3.95 |
| Aug-2011 | 4.02 | 3.24 |
| Sep-2011 | 4.01 | 2.83 |
| Oct-2011 | 4.13 | 2.87 |
| Nov-2011 | 4.05 | 2.72 |
| Dec-2011 | 3.95 | 2.67 |
| Jan-2012 | 3.68 | 2.7 |
| Feb-2012 | 3.66 | 2.75 |
| Mar-2012 | 3.91 | 2.94 |
| Apr-2012 | 3.95 | 2.82 |
| May-2012 | 3.77 | 2.53 |
| Jun-2012 | 3.94 | 2.31 |
| Jul-2012 | 3.78 | 2.22 |
| Aug-2012 | 3.74 | 2.4 |
| Sep-2012 | 3.73 | 2.49 |
| Oct-2012 | 3.65 | 2.51 |
| Nov-2012 | 3.46 | 2.39 |
| Dec-2012 | 3.48 | 2.47 |
| Jan-2013 | 3.6 | 2.68 |
| Feb-2013 | 3.72 | 2.78 |
| Mar-2013 | 3.96 | 2.78 |
| Apr-2013 | 3.92 | 2.55 |
| May-2013 | 3.72 | 2.73 |
| Jun-2013 | 4.27 | 3.07 |
| Jul-2013 | 4.56 | 3.31 |
| Aug-2013 | 4.82 | 3.49 |
| Sep-2013 | 4.79 | 3.53 |
| Oct-2013 | 4.56 | 3.38 |
| Nov-2013 | 4.6 | 3.5 |
| Dec-2013 | 4.73 | 3.63 |
| Jan-2014 | 4.59 | 3.52 |
| Feb-2014 | 4.44 | 3.38 |
| Mar-2014 | 4.46 | 3.35 |
| Apr-2014 | 4.35 | 3.27 |
| May-2014 | 4.29 | 3.12 |
| Jun-2014 | 4.35 | 3.15 |
| Jul-2014 | 4.33 | 3.07 |
| Aug-2014 | 4.23 | 2.94 |
| Sep-2014 | 4.13 | 3.01 |
| Oct-2014 | 3.96 | 2.77 |
| Nov-2014 | 3.96 | 2.76 |
| Dec-2014 | 3.67 | 2.55 |
| Jan-2015 | 3.36 | 2.2 |
| Feb-2015 | 3.58 | 2.34 |
| Mar-2015 | 3.59 | 2.41 |
| Apr-2015 | 3.51 | 2.33 |
| May-2015 | 3.76 | 2.69 |
| Jun-2015 | 3.82 | 2.85 |
| Jul-2015 | 3.79 | 2.77 |
| Aug-2015 | 3.74 | 2.55 |
| Sep-2015 | 3.78 | 2.62 |
| Oct-2015 | 3.67 | 2.5 |
| Nov-2015 | 3.68 | 2.69 |
| Dec-2015 | 3.57 | 2.61 |
| Jan-2016 | 3.41 | 2.49 |
| Feb-2016 | 3.3 | 2.2 |
| Mar-2016 | 3.38 | 2.28 |
| Apr-2016 | 3.3 | 2.21 |
| May-2016 | 3.29 | 2.22 |
| Jun-2016 | 3.01 | 2.02 |
| Jul-2016 | 2.83 | 1.82 |
| Aug-2016 | 2.85 | 1.89 |
| Sep-2016 | 2.93 | 2.02 |
| Oct-2016 | 3.27 | 2.17 |
| Nov-2016 | 3.59 | 2.54 |
| Dec-2016 | 3.86 | 2.84 |
Source: Author’s analysis of the Bond Buyer 20 Index and Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US), “20-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Rate,” retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis