Other noncognitive skills at the beginning of kindergarten, as reported by parents, by SES quintile, under unadjusted to fully adjusted models

  Persistence Eagerness to learn Creativity in work or play 
M1S M2S M3S M1S M2S M3S M1S M2S M3S
Low-middle SES 0.149***
(0.043)		 0.117***
(0.045)		 0.076*
(0.043)		 0.248***
(0.044)		 0.204***
(0.046)		 0.166***
(0.045)		 0.198***
(0.042)		 0.130***
(0.043)		 0.081**
(0.041)
Middle SES 0.198***
(0.045)		 0.159***
(0.048)		 0.099**
(0.047)		 0.295***
(0.045)		 0.241***
(0.047)		 0.189***
(0.047)		 0.213***
(0.044)		 0.125***
(0.046)		 0.062
(0.044)
High-middle SES 0.284***
(0.046)		 0.246***
(0.049)		 0.169***
(0.048)		 0.292***
(0.046)		 0.237***
(0.048)		 0.174***
(0.048)		 0.276***
(0.045)		 0.184***
(0.046)		 0.109**
(0.045)
High SES 0.343***
(0.047)		 0.306***
(0.050)		 0.203***
(0.050)		 0.371***
(0.048)		 0.319***
(0.050)		 0.232***
(0.050)		 0.320***
(0.046)		 0.232***
(0.048)		 0.136***
(0.047)
Controlling for race No Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes
Controlling for other variables No No Yes No No Yes No No Yes
Observations 10,260 10,260 10,260 10,260 10,260 10,260 10,250 10,250 10,250
Adj.R2 0.0298 0.0315 0.0771 0.0435 0.0469 0.0987 0.0489 0.0598 0.132

Note: Robust standard errors are in parentheses. For statistical significance, *** denotes p<0.01, ** denotes p<0.05, and * denotes p<0.1. The number of observations is rounded to the nearest multiple of 10. SES refers to socioeconomic status. See Appendix A, Figure D6, and Table F6.

Source: EPI analysis of ECLS-K, Kindergarten Class of 2010-2011 (National Center for Education Statistics)

View the underlying data on epi.org.