Eager to learn, at the beginning of kindergarten, as reported by parents, by SES quintile, under unadjusted to fully adjusted models
| Unadjusted (M1S) | Adjusted by race (M2S) | Fully adjusted (M3S) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Low-middle SES | 0.248*** (0.044) |
0.204*** (0.046) |
0.166*** (0.045) |
| Middle SES | 0.295*** (0.045) |
0.241*** (0.047) |
0.189*** (0.047) |
| High-middle SES | 0.292*** (0.046) |
0.237*** (0.048) |
0.174*** (0.048) |
| High SES | 0.371*** (0.048) |
0.319*** (0.050) |
0.232*** (0.050) |
Note: SES refers to socioeconomic status. Model 1 (M1S) shows the baseline unadjusted standard deviation score for each group, relative to low-SES children. Model 2 (M2S) shows each group's relative performance after controlling for race/ethnicity. Model 3 (M3S) shows relative performance after adjusting for all family and child characteristics, pre-K schooling, and enrichment activities with parents. See Appendix A and Tables D6 and F6.
Source: EPI analysis of ECLS-K, Kindergarten Class of 2010–2011 (National Center for Education Statistics)