Average number of employment law violations detected by the Wage and Hour Division per investigation that discovered violations among farm labor contractors, by state, fiscal years 2005–2019
| State | Average farm labor contractor violations per investigation |
|---|---|
| Alabama | 46.0 |
| Alaska | NA |
| Arizona | 67.8 |
| Arkansas | 31.1 |
| California | 25.9 |
| Colorado | 43.0 |
| Connecticut | 2.0 |
| Delaware | NA |
| Washington D.C. | NA |
| Florida | 16.2 |
| Georgia | 19.3 |
| Hawaii | NA |
| Idaho | 24.1 |
| Illinois | 3.0 |
| Indiana | 11.6 |
| Iowa | 167.0 |
| Kansas | 25.2 |
| Kentucky | 5.8 |
| Louisiana | 3.7 |
| Maine | 10.5 |
| Maryland | 3.0 |
| Massachusetts | 2.0 |
| Michigan | 9.7 |
| Minnesota | 8.0 |
| Mississippi | 10.2 |
| Missouri | 10.0 |
| Montana | NA |
| Nebraska | 29.9 |
| Nevada | NA |
| New Hampshire | NA |
| New Jersey | 11.3 |
| New Mexico | 4.7 |
| New York | 2.1 |
| North Carolina | 8.5 |
| North Dakota | NA |
| Ohio | 3.7 |
| Oklahoma | 8.6 |
| Oregon | 59.7 |
| Pennsylvania | 29.4 |
| Rhode Island | NA |
| South Carolina | 9.3 |
| South Dakota | 22.0 |
| Tennessee | 13.2 |
| Texas | 8.1 |
| Utah | NA |
| Vermont | NA |
| Virginia | 2.3 |
| Washington | 47.6 |
| West Virginia | NA |
| Wisconsin | 3.0 |
| Wyoming | NA |
Note: Major farm employment states are California, Texas, Florida, Washington, and North Carolina.
Source: Authors' analysis of U.S. Department of Labor, Wage and Hour Compliance Action Data (U.S. DOL-WHD 2020f).