Average number of employment law violations detected by the Wage and Hour Division per investigation that discovered violations among agricultural employers, by state, fiscal years 2005–2019
| State | Average violations per investigation |
|---|---|
| Alabama | 11.6 |
| Alaska | NA |
| Arizona | 55.9 |
| Arkansas | 28.1 |
| California | 24.7 |
| Colorado | 24.0 |
| Connecticut | 14.2 |
| Delaware | 5.3 |
| Washington D.C. | NA |
| Florida | 15.3 |
| Georgia | 21.4 |
| Hawaii | NA |
| Idaho | 55.7 |
| Illinois | 15.7 |
| Indiana | 5.9 |
| Iowa | 67.1 |
| Kansas | 23.5 |
| Kentucky | 17.1 |
| Louisiana | 23.1 |
| Maine | 13.2 |
| Maryland | 9.6 |
| Massachusetts | 14.6 |
| Michigan | 14.9 |
| Minnesota | 24.6 |
| Mississippi | 24.8 |
| Missouri | 68.1 |
| Montana | 10.5 |
| Nebraska | 24.8 |
| Nevada | 65.3 |
| New Hampshire | 12.7 |
| New Jersey | 13.2 |
| New Mexico | 8.8 |
| New York | 13.1 |
| North Carolina | 46.2 |
| North Dakota | 10.4 |
| Ohio | 11.6 |
| Oklahoma | 12.3 |
| Oregon | 51.3 |
| Pennsylvania | 9.7 |
| Rhode Island | 4.1 |
| South Carolina | 8.9 |
| South Dakota | 19.0 |
| Tennessee | 18.2 |
| Texas | 9.7 |
| Utah | 32.9 |
| Vermont | 8.3 |
| Virginia | 15.0 |
| Washington | 42.7 |
| West Virginia | 14.2 |
| Wisconsin | 9.2 |
| Wyoming | 14.6 |
Note: Major farm employment states are California, Texas, Florida, Washington, and North Carolina. Data include H-2A, MSPA, FLSA, and all other types of employment law violations in the agricultural sector.
Source: Authors' analysis of U.S. Department of Labor, Wage and Hour Compliance Action Data (U.S. DOL-WHD 2020f).