Employment multipliers by industry (indirect jobs supported by every 100 direct jobs) in 2020, 2025, and 2030
| Direct jobs | Indirect effects per 100 direct jobs | Total (direct + indirect) jobs | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Supplier jobs | Respending Jobs | Public jobs | Total | ||||||||||
| 2020 | 2025 | 2030 | Materials | Capital services | Direct | Indirect | Federal | State + local | 2020 | 2025 | 2030 | ||
| Oil and gas extraction | 5,050 | 2,700 | -2,000 | 271.9 | 200.0 | 29.0 | 158.6 | 4.2 | 9.9 | 673.5 | 39,063 | 20,885 | -15,470 |
| Coal mining | -12,600 | -15,300 | -17,300 | 89.7 | 61.9 | 60.7 | 48.6 | 2.4 | 5.8 | 269.0 | -46,495 | -56,458 | -63,838 |
| Electric power generation, transmission, and distribution | -11,663 | -20,425 | -24,300 | 152.7 | 187.9 | 47.9 | 72.0 | 2.7 | 6.3 | 469.5 | -66,423 | -116,330 | -138,400 |
| Construction | 16,160 | 3,203 | 1,313 | 40.8 | 32.7 | 72.0 | 21.5 | 2.1 | 4.9 | 173.9 | 44,265 | 8,774 | 3,598 |
| Plastics product manufacturing | 953 | -345 | -129 | 99.6 | 24.6 | 55.9 | 50.7 | 2.4 | 5.6 | 238.8 | 3,227 | -1,169 | -437 |
| Machine shops: hardware | 1,389 | -503 | -188 | 54.7 | 19.8 | 43.0 | 28.5 | 1.6 | 3.8 | 151.4 | 3,492 | -1,265 | -473 |
| Fabricated metal | 2,104 | -4,633 | -5,977 | 101.7 | 18.8 | 47.1 | 52.4 | 2.2 | 5.2 | 227.5 | 6,891 | -15,174 | -19,575 |
| HVAC equipment manufacturing | 20,573 | 17,269 | 17,440 | 144.8 | 54.8 | 41.4 | 75.0 | 2.6 | 6.1 | 324.7 | 87,371 | 73,338 | 74,063 |
| Engine, turbine, and power transmission equipment manufacturing | 12,970 | -5,107 | -8,048 | 166.2 | 64.5 | 53.3 | 85.9 | 3.1 | 7.3 | 380.4 | 62,303 | -24,534 | -38,662 |
| Machinery manufacturing | 2,937 | -1,064 | -398 | 148.7 | 29.7 | 63.6 | 76.0 | 3.1 | 7.3 | 328.4 | 12,582 | -4,557 | -1,704 |
| Communications equipment | 551 | 763 | 771 | 137.7 | 72.1 | 46.8 | 76.0 | 2.7 | 6.5 | 341.8 | 2,433 | 3,371 | 3,405 |
| Electric lighting manufacturing | 30,388 | 42,114 | 42,530 | 126.5 | 48.7 | 75.5 | 66.8 | 3.2 | 7.5 | 328.2 | 130,108 | 180,312 | 182,094 |
| Household appliance manufacturing | 2,624 | 3,637 | 3,673 | 198.1 | 75.3 | 65.5 | 102.0 | 3.7 | 8.8 | 453.5 | 14,527 | 20,132 | 20,331 |
| Electrical equipment manufacturing | 4,164 | 3,342 | 3,695 | 82.7 | 27.3 | 64.5 | 43.2 | 2.4 | 5.7 | 225.8 | 13,566 | 10,889 | 12,039 |
| Other electrical equipment and component manufacturing | 1,627 | -589 | -220 | 108.9 | 35.3 | 59.2 | 56.8 | 2.6 | 6.1 | 268.8 | 6,001 | -2,174 | -813 |
| Design services | 1,152 | -4,288 | -5,848 | 31.4 | 28.1 | 61.0 | 18.2 | 1.8 | 4.2 | 144.7 | 2,818 | -10,492 | -14,308 |
| Management, scientific and technical consulting services | 8,113 | 0 | 0 | 47.5 | 32.1 | 47.7 | 30.2 | 1.7 | 4.1 | 163.3 | 21,364 | 0 | 0 |
| Scientific research and development services | 1,945 | -704 | -263 | 80.7 | 48.7 | 46.6 | 48.3 | 2.1 | 5.0 | 231.4 | 6,444 | -2,334 | -873 |
| Services to buildings and dwellings | 7,238 | 10,031 | 10,130 | 16.7 | 12.3 | 85.2 | 9.3 | 2.1 | 5.0 | 130.6 | 16,693 | 23,135 | 23,363 |
| Total | 95,675 | 30,100 | 14,880 | 360,229 | 106,352 | 24,342 | |||||||
Note: Direct jobs by industry from Table 2 and Table A4. Indirect effects estimated using method described in text. The table categorizes the job losses into the industrial sectors covered by the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Employment Requirements Matrices (ERMs).
Source: Author’s analysis using data from the EPA RIA of the Clean Power Plan, BLS Employment Requirements Matrix (ERM), BLS Multifactor Productivity data series, and Census data on government spending and employment