Educational spending has not maintained effectiveness over time: Growth in potential GDP per capita, total K–12 school spending, and spending on instruction, fall 2009–2022
| Potential GDP per capita | Total elementary and secondary expenditures | Instruction | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2010 | 0.997838006 | 0.982032744 | 0.979308152 |
| 2011 | 1.006800554 | 0.980088841 | 0.968143721 |
| 2012 | 1.022348401 | 0.979888926 | 0.965546844 |
| 2013 | 1.036397084 | 1.000979922 | 0.984405923 |
| 2014 | 1.058267793 | 1.031095473 | 1.016876374 |
| 2015 | 1.070284654 | 1.043077301 | 1.032571532 |
| 2016 | 1.08292338 | 1.063154882 | 1.05157993 |
| 2017 | 1.101119544 | 1.079342539 | 1.062077563 |
| 2018 | 1.120569171 | 1.115087134 | 1.092118281 |
| 2019 | 1.141799731 | 1.132544459 | 1.111662091 |
| 2020 | 1.162377372 | 1.161983243 | 1.138876265 |
Note: Total expenditures include total current expenditures for elementary and secondary services, capital gains, and interest payment on debt.
Source: EPI analysis of data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data.