Severe poverty levels were dropping until the pandemic recession hit. Black families were especially affected by this change: Share of low-income families below 50% of the federal poverty line (FPL), 2007–2023

Year White Black Hispanic
2007 16.2% 26.1% 17.1%
2008 15.9% 27.3% 18.0%
2009 18.1% 27.3% 20.0%
2010 18.0% 30.3% 21.6%
2011 18.7% 28.9% 20.2%
2012 18.6% 28.5% 19.1%
2013 22.3% 27.0% 20.9%
2014 19.0% 27.1% 18.3%
2015 18.4% 24.2% 17.1%
2016 18.5% 27.3% 16.5%
2017 19.4% 25.3% 16.6%
2018 17.7% 22.5% 15.6%
2019 17.6% 22.5% 15.1%
2020 20.0% 27.2% 17.2%
2021 18.9% 24.7% 18.9%
2022 18.2% 22.0% 17.6%
2023 17.7% 24.5% 16.8%
Economic Policy Institute

Note: Shaded areas denote recessions. Race and ethnicity are mutually exclusive (i.e., white alone non-Hispanic, Black alone or in any combination non-Hispanic, Hispanic any race). 

Source: EPI analysis of 2008–2024 U.S. Census Bureau Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement microdata.

View the underlying data on epi.org.