Differences in reading and mathematics scale scores by students’ reported books in the home (BH), adjusted and unadjusted for PISA Economic, Social, and Cultural Status (ESCS) index within BH category, U.S. and six comparison countries, PISA 2009
| Social class group (by BH) | Canada | Finland | Korea | France | Germany | U.K. | U.S. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reading | |||||||
| Group 1 (Lowest) | -5 | -5 | 8 | 6 | 2 | -2 | 0 |
| Group 2 | -7 | -4 | 10 | 6 | 1 | -2 | -2 |
| Group 3 | -9 | -5 | 10 | 6 | -1 | -2 | -4 |
| Group 4 | -9 | -4 | 10 | 7 | 0 | -1 | -5 |
| Group 5 | -9 | -4 | 11 | 5 | -3 | -3 | -8 |
| Group 6 (Highest) | -8 | -5 | 9 | 6 | -2 | 0 | -8 |
| Mathematics | |||||||
| Group 1 (Lowest) | -6 | -6 | 10 | 6 | 1 | -2 | 0 |
| Group 2 | -9 | -5 | 11 | 6 | 2 | -2 | -3 |
| Group 3 | -10 | -6 | 11 | 7 | -1 | -3 | -5 |
| Group 4 | -10 | -5 | 12 | 8 | 0 | -2 | -6 |
| Group 5 | -10 | -4 | 12 | 6 | -3 | -3 | -8 |
| Group 6 (Highest) | -8 | -5 | 9 | 5 | -2 | 0 | -8 |
Source: Tables B1 and B2