Characteristics of respondents with full data compared with respondents with missing data on predictor variables, by immigrant legal status
| All respondents | Unauthorized workers | Temporary workers | Legal permanent residents | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full data | Missing data | Full data | Missing data | Full data | Missing data | Full data | Missing data | |||||||||||
| % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | |||
| Legal status | ||||||||||||||||||
| Unauthorized | 68.9 | — | 67.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Temporary worker | 4.3 | — | 2.9 | |||||||||||||||
| LPR | 26.8 | — | 29.2 | |||||||||||||||
| Mean | StdD | Mean | StdD | Mean | StdD | Mean | StdD | Mean | StdD | Mean | StdD | Mean | StdD | Mean | StdD | |||
| Human capital | ||||||||||||||||||
| Years of education | 6.5 | 3.8 | 6.0 | 3.8 | 6.7 | 3.7 | 6.1 | 3.7 | 7.5 | 3.4 | 6.7 | 3.3 | 5.8 | 3.8 | 5.1 | 3.6 | ||
| Age at most recent U.S. trip | 33.9 | 10.8 | 35.9 | 11.8 | 32.3 | 10.1 | 33.8 | 11.0 | 35.2 | 10.5 | 33.6 | 13.9 | 38.0 | 11.4 | 41.6 | 12.0 | ||
| No. of prior U.S. trips | 4.2 | 5.4 | 4.5 | 6.1 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 9.0 | 7.8 | 10.0 | 8.6 | ||
| Duration of U.S. trip (in months) | 25.2 | 32.5 | 24.1 | 33.2 | 26.2 | 31.6 | 27.4 | 35.1 | 17.7 | 27.2 | 14.9 | 18.7 | 23.8 | 35.1 | 18.1 | 30.0 | ||
| % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | % responding yes | StdD | |||
| English ability | ||||||||||||||||||
| None (1=yes) | 28.9 | — | 32.8 | — | 28.9 | — | 40.2 | — | 27.1 | — | 37.5 | — | 19.4 | — | 15.3 | — | ||
| Limited (1=yes) | 63.9 | — | 60.8 | — | 63.9 | — | 55.2 | — | 68.6 | — | 62.5 | — | 67.0 | — | 72.9 | — | ||
| Strong (1=yes) | 7.3 | — | 6.5 | — | 7.3 | — | 4.6 | — | 4.3 | — | 0.0 | — | 13.7 | — | 11.8 | — | ||
| Social capital | ||||||||||||||||||
| Close family w/ U.S. exp. (1=yes) | 55.4 | — | 46.3 | — | 48.2 | — | 36.3 | — | 30.0 | — | 30.0 | — | 77.9 | — | 71.9 | — | ||
| Extended family w/ U.S. exp. (1=yes) | 78.9 | — | 70.2 | — | 75.3 | — | 63.6 | — | 51.4 | — | 33.3 | — | 92.7 | — | 92.4 | — | ||
| Close family in U.S. (1=yes) | 54.8 | — | 47.1 | — | 51.8 | — | 42.2 | — | 37.9 | — | 30.0 | — | 65.0 | — | 59.8 | — | ||
| Extended family in U.S. (1=yes) | 75.4 | — | 65.9 | — | 72.3 | — | 62.1 | — | 51.4 | — | 30.0 | — | 87.2 | — | 82.1 | — | ||
| Joined U.S. social org(s) (1=yes) | 15.9 | — | 11.6 | — | 14.5 | — | 11.7 | — | 20.0 | — | 33.3 | — | 18.7 | — | 11.1 | — | ||
| Referred job (1=yes) | 65.9 | — | 61.3 | — | 69.6 | — | 64.8 | — | 37.9 | — | 25.0 | — | 60.7 | — | 60.0 | — | ||
| U.S. trip controls | ||||||||||||||||||
| Interviewed in the U.S. (1=yes) | 14.5 | — | 8.7 | — | 10.6 | — | 5.1 | — | 10.0 | — | 0.0 | — | 25.1 | — | 18.6 | — | ||
| Work-related controls | ||||||||||||||||||
| Worked in a border state (1=yes) | 59.6 | — | 57.1 | — | 58.1 | — | 54.2 | — | 22.1 | — | 42.9 | — | 69.4 | — | 65.3 | — | ||
| U.S. occupation | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional/skilled (1=yes) | 28.8 | — | 25.5 | — | 33.3 | — | 30.7 | — | 22.1 | — | 11.1 | — | 18.1 | — | 15.8 | — | ||
| Service/sales/office (1=yes) | 24.3 | — | 23.5 | — | 26.3 | — | 26.0 | — | 23.6 | — | 22.2 | — | 19.1 | — | 15.8 | — | ||
| Unskilled manual (1=yes) | 21.0 | — | 18.2 | — | 20.5 | — | 17.7 | — | 9.3 | — | 11.1 | — | 24.0 | — | 21.1 | — | ||
| Agricultural (1=yes) | 26.0 | — | 32.8 | — | 19.9 | — | 25.5 | — | 45.0 | — | 55.6 | — | 38.7 | — | 47.4 | — | ||
| Work Outcomes | ||||||||||||||||||
| Educational score (logged) | -1.5 | 0.3 | -1.5 | 0.4 | -1.5 | 0.3 | -1.5 | 0.4 | -1.6 | 0.3 | -1.7 | 0.2 | -1.5 | 0.4 | -1.5 | 0.4 | ||
| Wage (logged) | 2.3 | 0.4 | 2.4 | 0.5 | 2.3 | 0.4 | 2.3 | 0.5 | 2.3 | 0.4 | 2.3 | 0.3 | 2.4 | 0.4 | 2.5 | 0.5 | ||
| Total N | 2,608 | 165 | 2,225 | 237 | 140 | 10 | 878 | 102 | ||||||||||
* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001; significant differences between respondents with full versus missing data
Source: Mexican Migration Project 143; sample was limited to non-U.S. citizen, male heads of households who worked during their most recent trip to the United States when above the age of 16, from 1987 to 2011.