Poverty rates are higher among AIAN, Black and Hispanic working-age adults: Poverty rates for age 18–64, by race and ethnicity, 1974–2024

Year All White Black Hispanic AIAN Asian
1974 8.3% 5.9% 22.6%      
1975 9.2% 6.8% 23.1%      
1976 9.0% 6.4% 23.9% 20.1%    
1977 8.8% 6.4% 23.3% 17.9%    
1978 8.7% 6.4% 22.7% 16.8%    
1979 8.9% 6.3% 23.8% 16.8%  
1980 10.1% 7.2% 25.6% 20.2%  
1981 11.1% 8.2% 26.8% 20.3%  
1982 12.0% 8.9% 28.1% 23.8%  
1983 12.4% 9.1% 29.2% 22.5%  
1984 11.7% 8.5% 26.7% 22.5%  
1985 11.3% 8.4% 24.3% 22.6%  
1986 10.8% 7.8% 24.3% 21.5%  
1987 10.6% 7.2% 25.3% 21.4%   12.7%
1988 10.5% 7.1% 24.4% 20.7%   14.4%
1989 10.2% 7.0% 23.3% 20.9% 22.9% 12.1%
1990 10.7% 7.3% 24.5% 22.5% 22.5% 9.6%
1991 11.4% 7.9% 25.1% 22.7% 22.2% 12.3%
1992 11.9% 8.1% 25.8% 24.0% 24.2% 11.2%
1993 12.4% 8.4% 26.2% 25.2% 22.9% 14.0%
1994 11.9% 8.2% 23.4% 24.8% 22.3% 13.4%
1995 11.4% 7.5% 22.5% 24.9% 22.1% 12.4%
1996 11.4% 7.6% 22.4% 23.3% 23.9% 12.7%
1997 10.9% 7.6% 20.5% 21.7% 23.4% 11.3%
1998 10.5% 7.3% 20.3% 20.8% 20.8% 10.0%
1999 10.1% 7.0% 18.6% 18.5% 19.9% 10.2%
2000 9.6% 6.7% 17.9% 17.7% 19.8% 8.9%
2001 10.1% 7.2% 18.7% 17.7% 20.2% 9.7%
2002 10.6% 7.5% 19.9% 18.1% 19.2% 9.7%
2003 10.8% 7.6% 19.4% 18.7% 19.4% 11.3%
2004 11.3% 8.3% 20.3% 18.2% 21.3% 9.3%
2005 11.1% 7.8% 20.4% 18.3% 23.2% 11.0%
2006 10.8% 7.8% 19.9% 17.3% 24.7% 9.4%
2007 10.9% 7.7% 19.8% 17.9% 24.3% 9.2%
2008 11.7% 8.3% 20.6% 19.3% 23.6% 10.9%
2009 12.9% 9.3% 22.0% 21.4% 23.4% 11.4%
2010 13.8% 9.9% 23.4% 22.6% 24.2% 11.1%
2011 13.7% 9.8% 24.1% 21.1% 25.0% 11.9%
2012 13.7% 9.7% 23.9% 21.6% 27.1% 10.9%
2013 13.5% 9.8% 23.2% 20.4% 27.2% 11.1%
2014 13.5% 10.0% 22.6% 19.8% 26.4% 10.9%
2015 12.4% 8.9% 21.3% 17.8% 23.0% 11.0%
2016 11.6% 8.8% 18.9% 15.8% 21.3% 9.5%
2017 11.2% 8.5% 18.5% 15.1% 20.0% 9.3%
2018 10.7% 8.1% 17.5% 14.2% 19.9% 9.4%
2019 9.4% 7.1% 15.9% 13.0% 18.4% 7.0%
2020 10.5% 8.2% 16.7% 14.1% 18.2% 7.3%
2021 10.5% 8.0% 16.7% 14.4% 19.0% 8.6%
2022 10.6% 8.5% 14.9% 14.6% 20.9% 7.7%
2023 10.0% 7.6% 14.5% 13.8% 20.3% 7.9%
2024 9.6% 7.3% 15.6%   12.3% 20.2% 7.0%
Economic Policy Institute

Notes: AIAN refers to American Indian and Alaska Native. All race categories are single race and do not distinguish Hispanic ethnicity from non-Hispanic ethnicity, except for white, which is exclusive of Hispanic ethnicity (i.e., non-Hispanic white alone, Black alone, AIAN alone, and Asian alone).Hispanic can be of any race. AIAN data are 3-year pooled averages to account for sample size restrictions. Please see Appendix Table 1 for 1-year estimates.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau Current Population Survey Poverty in the United States, Table A-3.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau Current Population Survey–Annual Social and Economic Supplements 1959 to 2024. “Table A-3. Poverty Status of People by Age, Race, and Hispanic Origin: 1959 to 2024” (Excel table) from Poverty in the United States: 2024, September 2025.

View the underlying data on epi.org.