States that ban or limit collective bargaining rights for miscellaneous local government workers have fewer union members: Share of all local government workers belonging to a union, by state
| States | Density |
|---|---|
| NC | 5.2% |
| SC | 7.4% |
| GA | 13.8% |
| TN | 17.7% |
| TX | 17.7% |
| VA | 18.7% |
| WI | 32.8% |
| MS | 10.3% |
| AR | 14.3% |
| WY | 15.7% |
| LA | 17.9% |
| KS | 21.0% |
| AZ | 23.0% |
| UT | 23.1% |
| ID | 24.0% |
| OK | 25.7% |
| ND | 26.0% |
| KY | 30.0% |
| CO | 32.2% |
| AL | 32.9% |
| IN | 33.2% |
| IA | 35.2% |
| WV | 35.2% |
| MD | 60.8% |
| NM | 22.0% |
| SD | 27.1% |
| MO | 33.5% |
| NE | 36.4% |
| FL | 37.0% |
| DE | 41.8% |
| DC | 44.7% |
| NV | 47.7% |
| AK | 52.5% |
| MT | 54.7% |
| OH | 57.5% |
| NH | 59.3% |
| MI | 60.3% |
| MN | 60.8% |
| ME | 61.2% |
| WA | 61.5% |
| PA | 62.9% |
| IL | 65.2% |
| VT | 65.3% |
| OR | 65.4% |
| CA | 69.7% |
| HI | 71.4% |
| MA | 73.5% |
| NJ | 74.2% |
| RI | 78.4% |
| NY | 78.6% |
| CT | 79.8% |
Sources: Union density based on authors’ analysis of U.S. Census Bureau Current Population Survey microdata, pooled years 2015–2019. Strength of collective bargaining rights for miscellaneous local government workers in 2015–2019 based on authors’ analysis of Sanes and Schmitt 2014; Valletta and Freeman 1988; Rueben 1996; Dippel and Sauers 2019; NCTQ 2019; NEA 2020; García and Han 2021; Frandsen and Webb 2017; McNicholas et al. 2020; Brannick 2019; and Commonwealth Foundation 2021.